CN112994156A - Multi-branch storage battery pack quick charging control method and system - Google Patents

Multi-branch storage battery pack quick charging control method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112994156A
CN112994156A CN202110224487.1A CN202110224487A CN112994156A CN 112994156 A CN112994156 A CN 112994156A CN 202110224487 A CN202110224487 A CN 202110224487A CN 112994156 A CN112994156 A CN 112994156A
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China
Prior art keywords
charging
current
traction
storage battery
supply
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CN202110224487.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郑勇
徐绍龙
甘韦韦
董湘桃
李学明
袁靖
黄明明
彭辉
谭永光
刘天
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Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Ltd
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Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110224487.1A priority Critical patent/CN112994156A/en
Publication of CN112994156A publication Critical patent/CN112994156A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1415—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with a generator driven by a prime mover other than the motor of a vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1423—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with multiple batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of storage battery pack charging, in particular to a multi-branch storage battery pack quick charging control method and system. The method comprises the following steps: s1, calculating the residual power in the corresponding charging mode according to the operating condition of the locomotive; s2, calculating total charging supply current; s3, calculating the maximum allowable charging total current of all traction storage battery branches; s4, comparing the total charging supply current with the maximum allowable total charging current of all traction storage battery branches; s5, if the total current of charging supply meets the total current of all traction storage battery branches, charging according to the maximum allowable charging current of each traction storage battery branch; and S6, if the total current of all the traction storage battery branches is not enough, distributing the charging supply total current in proportion, and charging the traction storage battery by each traction storage battery branch according to the distributed charging current. The invention can reasonably distribute the charging current for each charging control branch circuit and realize quick charging.

Description

Multi-branch storage battery pack quick charging control method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of storage battery pack charging, in particular to a multi-branch storage battery pack quick charging control method and system.
Background
The diesel engine + storage battery hybrid power locomotive is taken as a novel locomotive, a dual-power supply scheme of a diesel engine generator set and a traction storage battery is adopted, short plates of each other are well complemented, normal operation of various working conditions under three modes of a pure diesel engine, a pure storage battery and a diesel-electric hybrid can be realized, the problems that the traditional pure internal combustion engine is wasted in a large amount of electric braking energy, the traction power of the whole locomotive is difficult to greatly improve due to the limitation of the power of the diesel engine, the power grade of the pure storage battery is low, the endurance mileage is short and the like are effectively overcome, the requirements of pollution-free overhaul operation and dual-power improvement on the operation reliability in a deep and long tunnel can be met, particularly, the fuel economy of the hybrid locomotive can be remarkably improved from the load side under the large and long ramp and heavy.
In order to improve the traction power of the locomotive, a plurality of small-capacity battery units are generally combined into a multi-branch storage battery pack in series-parallel mode, and the traction storage battery has three charging modes according to different operation modes.
The first charging mode is a pure diesel engine mode, and the running charging function is realized when the locomotive normally runs in a traction mode.
The second charging mode is under the braking condition, when the locomotive is in the braking mode, in order to effectively recover the braking energy, the charger needs to enter a feedback charging function.
In the third charging mode, after the locomotive enters the garage, under the static condition, the AC380V is introduced into the garage through side insertion to the secondary side of the auxiliary transformer, so that not only is the auxiliary load supplied with power, but also the auxiliary inverter module reversely carries out boosting rectification, and outputs stable voltage to the middle direct current side so as to be supplied to the charger.
Due to the difference of the single batteries, after a plurality of times of charging and discharging for a long time, the voltages of a plurality of traction storage batteries cannot be kept the same, and the SOC (state of charge) of the storage batteries is also greatly different, so when a plurality of traction storage batteries are charged simultaneously, a plurality of allowed charging currents are different, the lower the electric quantity of the traction storage battery of a certain branch is, the larger the required charging current is, the higher the electric quantity of the traction storage battery is, the smaller the required charging current is, and when the electric quantity is close to full charge, the storage battery enters a low-current floating charging state, so in the whole storage battery charging process, the charging current is changed, and the charging currents of a plurality of independent traction storage battery branches at the same time are also different.
The three charging modes of the traction battery as described above, under power constraints, ultimately leave the remaining power to the traction battery for charging. The traditional multi-branch storage battery pack charging control method is characterized in that the residual power is converted into the total charging supply current and then averagely distributed to each charging branch, and if the total charging supply current is not enough to meet the total charging current of all the charging branches, the surplus charging current distributed when a certain charging branch needs to be charged with low current is inevitably generated; when a certain charging branch needs a large current for charging, the distributed charging current is too low, and the final result is that the time spent on fully charging all branch storage battery packs is longer, so that the use efficiency and the production activity of the locomotive are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for controlling quick charging of a multi-branch storage battery pack, which solve the problem of quick charging of a plurality of traction storage battery packs in different charging modes.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for controlling fast charging of a multi-branch storage battery pack, comprising the following steps:
s1, calculating the residual power for charging the traction storage battery in the corresponding charging mode according to the operating condition of the locomotive;
s2, calculating total charging supply current according to the current intermediate voltage and the residual power;
s3, calculating the maximum allowable charging total current of all traction storage battery branches;
s4, comparing the total charging supply current with the maximum allowable total charging current of all traction storage battery branches;
s5, if the total current of charging supply meets the total current of all traction storage battery branches, charging according to the maximum allowable charging current of each traction storage battery branch;
and S6, if the total charging supply current is not enough to meet the total current of all the traction storage battery branches, distributing the total charging supply current in proportion, and charging the traction storage battery by each traction storage battery branch according to the distributed charging current.
In one embodiment, the remaining power P for charging the traction battery is the pure diesel modeSupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PG-(PSIV+PDrive)；
wherein, PGFor diesel engine output, PSIVTo assist the load power, PDriveAnd outputting power for all traction motors under the current traction working condition.
In one embodiment, when the charging mode is the braking mode, the remaining power P for charging the traction battery isSupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PBrake-PSIV；
wherein, PBrakeGenerating power for all traction motors in the current braking regime, PSIVTo assist in load power.
In one embodiment, when the charging mode is an in-bank power supply charging mode, the residual power P for charging the traction storage batterySupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PAC380-PSIV；
wherein, PAC380For the maximum output power, P, of the power supply in the bankSIVTo assist in load power.
In one embodiment, in the step S6, the charging current allocated to the current traction battery branch is a product of a ratio of the total charging supply current to the total maximum allowable charging current of all traction battery branches and the maximum allowable charging current of the current traction battery branch.
In an embodiment, in step S6, each traction battery branch charges the battery according to the allocated charging current, and the method further includes:
taking the charging current distributed by each traction storage battery branch as the target current of the charging controller;
sampling the actual current of each traction storage battery branch circuit as the feedback current of the charge controller;
the charging controller is controlled by a current closed loop, and output control quantity of the charging controller is modulated by a high-frequency PWM carrier to obtain a pulse signal to control the IGBT to carry out voltage reduction chopping;
the chopped current is filtered by the reactor and then is charged into the traction storage battery.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-branch secondary battery pack fast charge control system, comprising a memory for storing instructions executable by a processor;
a processor for executing instructions to implement the steps of:
s1, calculating the residual power for charging the traction storage battery in the corresponding charging mode according to the operating condition of the locomotive;
s2, calculating total charging supply current according to the current intermediate voltage and the residual power;
s3, calculating the maximum allowable charging total current of all traction storage battery branches;
s4, comparing the total charging supply current with the maximum allowable total charging current of all traction storage battery branches;
s5, if the total current of charging supply meets the total current of all traction storage battery branches, charging according to the maximum allowable charging current of each traction storage battery branch;
and S6, if the total charging supply current is not enough to meet the total current of all the traction storage battery branches, distributing the total charging supply current in proportion, and charging the traction storage battery by each traction storage battery branch according to the distributed charging current.
In one embodiment, the remaining power P for charging the traction battery is the pure diesel modeSupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PG-(PSIV+PDrive)；
wherein, PGFor diesel engine output, PSIVTo assist the load power, PDriveAnd outputting power for all traction motors under the current traction working condition.
In one embodiment, when the charging mode is the braking mode, the remaining power P for charging the traction battery isSupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PBrake-PSIV；
wherein, PBrakeGenerating power for all traction motors in the current braking regime, PSIVTo assist in load power.
In one embodiment, when the charging mode is an in-bank power supply charging mode, the residual power P for charging the traction storage batterySupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PAC380-PSIV；
wherein, PAC380For the maximum output power, P, of the power supply in the bankSIVTo assist in load power.
In one embodiment, the processor further executes instructions to perform the steps of:
in step S6, the charging current allocated to the current traction battery branch is a product of a ratio of the total charging supply current to the maximum allowable total charging current of all traction battery branches and the maximum allowable charging current of the current traction battery branch.
In one embodiment, the processor is a charge controller:
the charging controller takes the charging current distributed by each traction storage battery branch as a target current;
the charging controller samples the actual current of each traction storage battery branch circuit as a feedback current;
the charging controller is controlled by current closed loop, and output control quantity of the charging controller is modulated by a high-frequency PWM carrier to obtain a pulse signal to control the IGBT to carry out voltage reduction chopping;
the chopped current is filtered by the reactor and then is charged into the traction storage battery.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a computer readable medium having stored thereon computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by a processor, perform the method as described in any one of the above.
The invention provides a multi-branch storage battery pack quick charging control method and system, which are used for quickly charging a multi-branch storage battery pack of a diesel engine and storage battery hybrid locomotive, and can reasonably distribute charging current for each charging control branch when the total current supplied by charging is not enough to meet the total current of all charging branches, thereby finally achieving the purpose of quick charging.
Drawings
The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals denote like features throughout the several views, wherein:
FIG. 1 discloses a main circuit diagram of a traction converter of a diesel + battery hybrid locomotive according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for controlling fast charging of a multi-branch battery pack according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 discloses a schematic diagram of a battery pack fast charge allowable current calculation post-processing system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 discloses a block diagram of a multi-branch battery pack fast charging control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The meanings of the reference symbols in the figures are as follows:
110 diesel generator sets;
121 an intermediate current sensor;
122 an intermediate voltage sensor;
130 an auxiliary load;
140 reservoir AC380V power;
151 a first traction motor;
152 a second traction motor;
161 a first traction battery branch;
162 second traction battery branch;
163 third traction battery branch;
301 a charge controller;
a 302 PWM generator;
303 traction battery pack;
401 an internal communication bus;
402 a processor;
403 read-only memory;
404 a random access memory;
405 a communication port;
406 input/output;
407 hard disks.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 discloses a main circuit diagram of a traction converter of a diesel engine + battery hybrid locomotive according to an embodiment of the invention, such as the traction converter of the diesel engine + battery hybrid locomotive shown in fig. 1:
the diesel generator set 110 outputs induced electromotive force, and outputs stable direct-current voltage to the intermediate loop of the traction converter after being rectified by the three-phase controllable rectifier module 4 QS.
The intermediate current sensor 121 measures the intermediate current of the traction converter intermediate circuit.
The intermediate voltage sensor 122 measures the intermediate voltage of the traction converter intermediate circuit.
The middle loop of the traction converter is a connecting circuit end A1+ A1-of the three-phase controllable rectifying module 4QS, the main inverting module INV, the auxiliary inverter SIV and the chopping module CHOP.
The main inversion module INV realizes the control of the traction motor set through three-phase inversion. The traction motor set includes a first traction motor 151 and a second traction motor 152.
The auxiliary inverter SIV is integrated in the traction converter cabinet by a main-auxiliary integrated design, operates in a constant frequency and constant voltage manner, and supplies power to the auxiliary load 130 of the locomotive.
An in-house AC380V power supply 140 powers the auxiliary loads 130 and charges the traction battery.
Three bridge arms of the chopper module CHOP form three independent BUCK chopper chargers, so that charging and discharging of three independent traction storage batteries can be achieved, when the lower bridge arm is cut off and the upper bridge arm works, the chargers are in a BUCK chopper state, and intermediate direct-current voltage is subjected to inductive filtering and then is subjected to BUCK charging on the traction storage batteries.
The three independent traction battery legs include a first traction battery leg 161, a second traction battery leg 162, and a third traction battery leg 163.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the diesel generator set 110 outputs the induced electromotive force, and in other embodiments, the induced electromotive force may be replaced by an ac 25 kv power supply, a dc 1500 v power supply, or other forms of power supplies, but the innovative points and the advantages of the present invention can be covered and are not affected, and thus, these schemes are still within the protection scope of the present invention after being replaced.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the number of the main inverter modules INV is 1, the number of the auxiliary inverters SIV is 1, and the number of the branches of the battery pack is 3, but in other embodiments, the number of the main inverter modules, the number of the auxiliary inverter modules Y, and the number of the branches of the battery pack Z may be used instead, without being limited by a ratio.
Fig. 2 discloses a flowchart of a multi-branch battery pack fast charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the multi-branch battery pack fast charging control method provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, calculating the residual power for charging the traction storage battery in the corresponding charging mode according to the operating condition of the locomotive;
s2, calculating total charging supply current according to the current intermediate voltage and the residual power, wherein the intermediate voltage is the voltage of an intermediate loop of the traction converter;
s3, calculating the maximum allowable charging total current of all traction storage battery branches;
s4, comparing the total charging supply current with the maximum allowable total charging current of all traction storage battery branches;
s5, if the total current of charging supply meets the total current of all traction storage battery branches, charging according to the maximum allowable charging current of each traction storage battery branch;
and S6, if the total charging supply current is not enough to meet the total current of all the traction storage battery branches, distributing the total charging supply current in proportion, and charging the traction storage battery by each traction storage battery branch according to the distributed charging current.
The invention relates to a multi-branch storage battery pack quick charging control method, which introduces an intermediate voltage parameter, firstly calculates the residual power left for charging a traction storage battery in different charging modes according to the operation condition of a locomotive, then calculates the total charging supply current and the maximum allowable charging total current of three traction storage battery branches according to the current intermediate voltage, compares the two, and charges according to the maximum allowable charging current of each traction storage battery branch if the total charging supply current can meet the maximum allowable charging total current of all three traction storage battery branches; if the total charging current is not enough to meet the total current of all charging branches, the total charging current is distributed according to a certain proportion, the charging current is distributed more than needed, the charging current is distributed less than needed, and finally, each branch charger charges the storage battery according to the distributed charging current.
In the following, with reference to the embodiment of fig. 1, a method for controlling fast charging of a multi-branch battery pack in different charging modes is gradually described, and it should be noted that the following solution is merely a preferred solution, and other solutions using the idea of this patent should also belong to the scope of this patent.
And step S1, calculating the residual power for charging the traction storage battery in the corresponding charging mode according to the operating condition of the locomotive.
The first charging mode is a pure diesel mode.
In the first charging mode, the energy of the auxiliary load 130, the first traction motor 151, the second traction motor 152, and the first traction battery branch 161, the second traction battery branch 162, and the third traction battery branch 163 is required to be supplied by the diesel genset 110.
The diesel generator generally has multiple gears, different powers are output under different gears, the higher the gear is, the higher the output power is, the lower the gear is, the smaller the output power is, the multiple gears of the diesel engine are realized by controlling a traction handle, and the traction output power is also corresponding to the output power of the diesel engine.
Generally, in order to ensure a normal traction driving function, the power output by the diesel generator 110 needs to be preferentially supplied to the traction motor and the auxiliary load 130, the current traction motor output power and the auxiliary load power are subtracted from the maximum power which can be output by the diesel generator at the current handle level, and the residual power is used for charging the traction storage battery.
The power output by the diesel generator is supplied to the traction motor and auxiliary loads in priority, the remaining power is used for charging the traction battery, and the remaining power P for charging the traction batterySupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PG-(PSIV+PDrive)；
wherein, PGFor diesel engine output, PSIVTo assist the load power, PDriveAnd outputting power for all traction motors under the current traction working condition.
The second charging mode is a regenerative charging in the braking mode.
When a locomotive enters an electric braking working condition, the first traction motor 151 and the second traction motor 152 are converted from a motor state to a generator state, electric braking force is applied to generate electricity, the traction main inverter module INV converts kinetic energy of the locomotive into electric energy to feed back to an intermediate loop link of a traction converter, the traction motors play a role in outputting different electric braking force under different handle levels, the higher the handle level is, the larger the electric braking force is, the larger the feedback power to the intermediate loop is, and further the intermediate voltage is higher than a rated intermediate voltage, and due to the reverse clamping effect of diodes in the three-phase controllable rectifier module 4QS, the diesel generator set 110 does not output energy to the intermediate loop of the converter under the common condition that the electric braking power is large enough.
In order to ensure that the locomotive operates normally, the electric brake feedback power needs to be supplied to the auxiliary load 130 preferentially, the remaining power is used for charging the traction storage battery, and through the power constraint, the whole consumed power can be ensured not to exceed the electric brake feedback power, so that the intermediate voltage can be prevented from falling to a protection threshold, and the protection shutdown is triggered.
Residual power P for charging a traction batterySupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PBrake-PSIV；
wherein, PBrakeGenerating power for all traction motors in the current braking regime, PSIVTo assist in load power.
The third charging mode is the charging mode of the in-bank AC380V power supply.
Due to the capacity limitation of the power supply 140 of the AC380V in the warehouse, the output power of the power supply is strictly limited to avoid idle-switch overcurrent tripping and plug burning. Generally, in order to ensure that the whole vehicle system operates normally and ensure that the whole consumed power does not exceed the maximum output power of the AC380V power supply 140 in the garage, the AC380V power supply 140 in the garage needs to supply priority to the auxiliary load 130, and the residual power is used for charging the traction battery, so that the whole consumed power cannot exceed the maximum output power of the AC380V power supply 140 in the garage through the power constraint.
Surplus power P for charging traction storage battery by AC380V power supply in warehouseSupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PAC380-PSIV；
wherein, PAC380For the maximum output power, P, of the power supply in the bankSIVTo assist in load power.
And S2, calculating total charging supply current according to the current intermediate voltage and the residual power, wherein the intermediate voltage is the voltage of the intermediate loop of the traction converter.
According to the calculated residual power P left for charging the traction accumulator under different charging modesSupplyAccording to the current meanVoltage-calculated total charging supply current ISupplyThe corresponding expression is:
ISupply＝PSupply/Ud；
wherein, PSupplyFor surplus power for charging the traction battery, UdIs the intermediate voltage.
It should be particularly emphasized that, in the actual implementation process, the above steps may not be strictly followed, for example, steps S1 and S2 may be directly integrated into a calculation processing link, for example, I is the link for processing the total current of the charging supply in the pure diesel engine modeSupply＝[PG-(PSIV+PDrive)]/UdAnd the rest charging modes are analogized.
The method is consistent with the core idea of the patent and also belongs to the protection scope of the patent.
And step S3, calculating the maximum allowable charging total current of all traction storage battery branches.
In order to determine what the maximum total charging current requirement is, the maximum permissible total charging current I of all traction battery branches is calculatedSum。
Maximum allowable charging total current I of all traction storage battery branchesSumAnd the sum of the maximum allowable charging current of all the current traction storage battery branches is obtained.
In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1, the maximum permissible total charging current I of all traction battery branchesSumThe corresponding expression is:
ISum＝Imax1+Imax2+Imax3；
wherein, Imax1For the maximum permissible charging current, I, of the first traction battery branchmax2For the maximum permissible charging current, I, of the second traction battery branchmax3The maximum allowable charging current for the third traction battery branch.
And step S4, comparing the total charging supply current with the maximum allowable charging total current of all traction storage battery branches.
Supplying the calculated charge to the total current ISupplyAll the same withMaximum allowable charging total current I of storage battery branchSumA comparison is made.
When I isSupply≥ISumTime, the total current I supplied by charging is describedSupplyThe maximum total requirement of charging current of all the branches can be met, the step S5 is carried out, charging can be carried out according to the maximum allowable charging current of each traction storage battery branch, and the purpose of rapid and safe charging can be achieved.
And S5, if the total charging supply current meets the total current of all the traction storage battery branches, charging according to the maximum allowable charging current of each traction storage battery branch.
When I isSupply＜ISumTime, the total current I supplied by charging is describedSupplyThe maximum total demand of the charging current of all the branches is not satisfied enough, and the step S6 is entered for carrying out corresponding reasonable distribution processing of the charging current according to the demand.
And S6, if the total charging supply current is not enough to meet the total current of all the traction storage battery branches, distributing the total charging supply current in proportion, and charging the traction storage battery by each traction storage battery branch according to the distributed charging current.
Charging supply total current ISupplyThe maximum total demand of the charging current cannot be met, and in order to realize the purpose of quick charging, the distribution principle is that more distribution is needed according to the maximum allowable charging current of each branch circuit, and less distribution is needed.
The charging current distributed to the current traction battery branch is the product of the ratio of the total charging supply current to the maximum allowable charging total current of all the traction battery branches and the maximum allowable charging current of the current traction battery branch.
In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1, the maximum permissible charging current of the traction battery branch is Imax1、Imax2And Imax3Not all are 0, the total current I is supplied by chargingSupplyAre divided intomax1+Imax2+Imax3Equal parts, each equal part having a power of ISupply/(Imax1+Imax2+Imax3)，
To be shown in the specificationmax1Is equally distributed to the first traction battery branch 161,
Imax2is equally divided to the second traction battery branch 162,
adding another Imax3Is equally divided to the third traction battery branch 163.
Thus, the result of the charge supply total current distribution is:
the charging current distributed by the first traction battery branch 161 is
Imax1·ISupply/(Imax1+Imax2+Imax3)；
The charging current distributed by the second traction battery branch 162 is
Imax2·ISupply/(Imax1+Imax2+Imax3)；
The charging current distributed by the third traction battery branch 163 is
Imax3·ISupply/(Imax1+Imax2+Imax3)。
Through the reasonable distribution mode according to the needs, the multi-distribution with more demands and the less-distribution with less demands can be realized, and the aim of quick charging is finally realized.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, step S6 further includes that each traction battery branch performs chopping charging on the traction battery according to the allocated charging current, the battery is charged through a multi-path buck chopper circuit, and a charger of the traction battery is integrated in the traction converter, so that an energy optimization control scheme under three operation modes of pure diesel engine, pure battery and diesel-electric hybrid operation can be easily implemented, and the advantages of high efficiency and energy saving of the diesel engine, effective recovery of braking energy, charging of the battery during driving and the like can be implemented under both traction and braking conditions.
Fig. 3 discloses a schematic diagram of a battery pack fast charge allowable current calculation post-processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, each traction battery branch performs chopping charging on the traction battery according to the allocated charging current, further comprising:
taking the charging current i distributed by each traction battery branch as a target current of the charging controller 301;
sampling the actual current i of each traction battery branch as the feedback current of the charge controller 301;
the charging controller 301 performs closed-loop control on current, and the output control quantity of the charging controller is subjected to carrier modulation of high-frequency PWM (pulse width modulation) of the PWM generator 302 to obtain a pulse signal to control the IGBT to perform buck chopping;
chopped current is filtered by the reactor and then quickly and accurately charged into the traction storage battery pack 303.
The charging controller 301 adopts a high-performance DSP chip, which can realize control requirements by using abundant peripheral resources while ensuring fast operation.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the charging controller 301 adopts current closed-loop control and PWM modulation method, and in other embodiments, other modern intelligent control or other modulation methods may be used instead, but the innovative points and advantages of the present invention can be covered and are not affected, so that these schemes are still within the protection scope of the present invention after being replaced.
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the methodologies are shown and described as a series of acts, it is to be understood and appreciated that the methodologies are not limited by the order of acts, as some acts may, in accordance with one or more embodiments, occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other acts from that shown and described herein or not shown and described herein, as would be understood by one skilled in the art.
Fig. 4 discloses a block diagram of a multi-branch battery pack fast charging control system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the multi-branch battery pack fast charging control system shown in fig. 4 may include an internal communication bus 401, a processor (processor)402, a Read Only Memory (ROM)403, a Random Access Memory (RAM)404, a communication port 405, and a hard disk 407. The internal communication bus 401 can realize data communication among the components of the multi-branch storage battery pack quick-charging control system. The processor 402 may make the determination and issue the prompt. In some embodiments, processor 402 may be comprised of one or more processors.
The communication port 405 can implement data transmission and communication between the multi-branch battery pack fast charging control system and an external input/output device. In some embodiments, the multi-drop battery pack fast charge control system may send and receive information and data from the network through the communication port 405. In some embodiments, the multi-branch battery pack fast charge control system may transmit and communicate data between the external input/output devices via the input/output terminals 406 in a wired manner.
The multi-branch battery pack fast charge control system may also include various forms of program storage units and data storage units, such as a hard disk 407, Read Only Memory (ROM)403 and Random Access Memory (RAM)404, capable of storing various data files for computer processing and/or communication use, as well as possible program instructions for execution by the processor 402. The processor 402 executes these instructions to implement the main parts of the method. The results of the processing by the processor 402 are communicated to an external output device via the communication port 405 for display on a user interface of the output device.
For example, the implementation process file of the multi-branch battery pack fast charging control method may be a computer program, stored in the hard disk 407, and recorded in the processor 402 for execution, so as to implement the method of the present application.
When the implementation process file of the multi-branch storage battery pack quick charge control method is a computer program, the implementation process file can also be stored in a computer readable storage medium as a product. For example, computer-readable storage media can include but are not limited to magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips), optical disks (e.g., Compact Disk (CD), Digital Versatile Disk (DVD)), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), card, stick, key drive). In addition, various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" can include, without being limited to, wireless channels and various other media (and/or storage media) capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying code and/or instructions and/or data.
In an embodiment, the processor 402 is the charge controller 301, and the charge controller 301 may employ a high-performance DSP chip, so that the multi-branch battery pack fast charge control method and system provided by the present invention can achieve the fast charge requirement of the multi-branch battery pack, and at the same time, can be embedded into a control chip of the charge control system, and does not need to increase any hardware cost, and the algorithm is simple to implement.
The invention provides a method and a system for controlling quick charging of a multi-branch storage battery pack, which quote an intermediate voltage parameter, realize the purpose of quick and safe charging according to the supply-demand relation between the total charging supply current and the maximum total charging current demand, and particularly, can effectively avoid the unreasonable problem of the existing average distribution method by reasonably distributing the charging current according to the demand under the condition that the total charging supply current cannot meet the maximum total charging current demand.
As used in this application and the appended claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not intended to be inclusive in the singular, but rather are intended to be inclusive in the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that steps and elements are included which are explicitly identified, that the steps and elements do not form an exclusive list, and that a method or apparatus may include other steps or elements.
Those of skill in the art would understand that information, signals, and data may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits (bits), symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The various illustrative logical modules, and circuits described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
In one or more exemplary embodiments, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software as a computer program product, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a web site, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disk (disk) and disc (disc), as used herein, includes Compact Disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc where disks (disks) usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs (discs) reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.
The embodiments described above are provided to enable persons skilled in the art to make or use the invention and that modifications or variations can be made to the embodiments described above by persons skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, so that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described above but should be accorded the widest scope consistent with the innovative features set forth in the claims.

Claims (13)

1. A quick charge control method for a multi-branch storage battery pack is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, calculating the residual power for charging the traction storage battery in the corresponding charging mode according to the operating condition of the locomotive;
s2, calculating total charging supply current according to the current intermediate voltage and the residual power, wherein the intermediate voltage is the voltage of an intermediate loop of the traction converter;
s3, calculating the maximum allowable charging total current of all traction storage battery branches;
s4, comparing the total charging supply current with the maximum allowable total charging current of all traction storage battery branches;
s5, if the total current of charging supply meets the total current of all traction storage battery branches, charging according to the maximum allowable charging current of each traction storage battery branch;
and S6, if the total charging supply current is not enough to meet the total current of all the traction storage battery branches, distributing the total charging supply current in proportion, and charging the traction storage battery by each traction storage battery branch according to the distributed charging current.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the residual power P for charging the traction battery is selected when the charging mode is a pure diesel modeSupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PG-(PSIV+PDrive)；
wherein, PGFor diesel engine output, PSIVTo assist the load power, PDriveAnd outputting power for all traction motors under the current traction working condition.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the remaining power P for charging the traction battery when the charging mode is the braking mode is the remaining power P for charging the traction batterySupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PBrake-PSIV；
wherein, PBrakeGenerating power for all traction motors in the current braking regime, PSIVTo assist in load power.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the residual power P for charging the traction battery is used when the charging mode is an in-bank power supply charging modeSupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PAC380-PSIV；
wherein, PAC380For the maximum output power, P, of the power supply in the bankSIVTo assist in load power.
5. The method for controlling the fast charging of a multi-branch secondary battery pack according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the charging current allocated to the current traction battery branch is the product of the ratio of the total current supplied for charging to the maximum allowable total charging current of all traction battery branches and the maximum allowable charging current of the current traction battery branch.
6. The multi-branch secondary battery pack fast-charging control method according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, each traction battery branch charges the battery according to the assigned charging current, further comprising:
taking the charging current distributed by each traction storage battery branch as the target current of the charging controller;
sampling the actual current of each traction storage battery branch circuit as the feedback current of the charge controller;
the charging controller is controlled by a current closed loop, and output control quantity of the charging controller is modulated by a high-frequency PWM carrier to obtain a pulse signal to control the IGBT to carry out voltage reduction chopping;
the chopped current is filtered by the reactor and then is charged into the traction storage battery.
7. A multi-branch storage battery pack quick charge control system is characterized by comprising a memory, a controller and a controller, wherein the memory is used for storing instructions executable by a processor;
a processor for executing instructions to implement the steps of:
s1, calculating the residual power for charging the traction storage battery in the corresponding charging mode according to the operating condition of the locomotive;
s2, calculating total charging supply current according to the current intermediate voltage and the residual power;
s3, calculating the maximum allowable charging total current of all traction storage battery branches;
s4, comparing the total charging supply current with the maximum allowable total charging current of all traction storage battery branches;
s5, if the total current of charging supply meets the total current of all traction storage battery branches, charging according to the maximum allowable charging current of each traction storage battery branch;
and S6, if the total charging supply current is not enough to meet the total current of all the traction storage battery branches, distributing the total charging supply current in proportion, and charging the traction storage battery by each traction storage battery branch according to the distributed charging current.
8. The multi-branch battery pack fast charge control system according to claim 7, wherein the remaining power P for charging the traction battery pack when the charging mode is a pure diesel modeSupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PG-(PSIV+PDrive)；
wherein, PGFor diesel engine output, PSIVTo assist the load power, PDriveAnd outputting power for all traction motors under the current traction working condition.
9. The multi-branch battery pack fast charge control system according to claim 7, wherein the remaining power P for charging the traction battery pack when the charging mode is the braking modeSupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PBrake-PSIV；
wherein, PBrakeGenerating power for all traction motors in the current braking regime, PSIVTo assist in load power.
10. The multi-branch battery pack fast charge control system according to claim 7, wherein the remaining power P for charging the traction battery when the charging mode is an in-bank power supply charging modeSupplyThe corresponding expression is:
PSupply＝PAC380-PSIV；
wherein, PAC380For the maximum output power, P, of the power supply in the bankSIVTo assist in load power.
11. The multi-branch battery pack fast charge control system according to claim 7, wherein said processor further executes instructions to perform the steps of:
in step S6, the charging current allocated to the current traction battery branch is a product of a ratio of the total charging supply current to the maximum allowable total charging current of all traction battery branches and the maximum allowable charging current of the current traction battery branch.
12. The multi-branch battery pack fast charge control system according to claim 7, wherein the processor is a charge controller:
the charging controller takes the charging current distributed by each traction storage battery branch as a target current;
the charging controller samples the actual current of each traction storage battery branch circuit as a feedback current;
the charging controller is controlled by current closed loop, and output control quantity of the charging controller is modulated by a high-frequency PWM carrier to obtain a pulse signal to control the IGBT to carry out voltage reduction chopping;
the chopped current is filtered by the reactor and then is charged into the traction storage battery.
13. A computer readable medium having computer instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by a processor, perform the method of any of claims 1-6.
CN202110224487.1A 2021-03-01 2021-03-01 Multi-branch storage battery pack quick charging control method and system Pending CN112994156A (en)

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