CN112993342B - Fine regulation and control method for fuel cell stack temperature distribution - Google Patents

Fine regulation and control method for fuel cell stack temperature distribution Download PDF

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CN112993342B
CN112993342B CN201911289218.2A CN201911289218A CN112993342B CN 112993342 B CN112993342 B CN 112993342B CN 201911289218 A CN201911289218 A CN 201911289218A CN 112993342 B CN112993342 B CN 112993342B
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power supply
transformer
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CN112993342A (en
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孙海
甘海波
秦兵
孙公权
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04895—Current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04895—Current
    • H01M8/0491—Current of fuel cell stacks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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Abstract

The invention relates to a fine regulation and control method of fuel cell stack temperature distribution, wherein a temperature control system comprises a temperature monitoring submodule, a control submodule, a power supply submodule and a stack; compared with the prior art, the method can meet the requirements of fast temperature rise in the starting stage and regulation and control of the temperature distribution of the galvanic pile in the steady-state stage at the same time.

Description

Fine regulation and control method for fuel cell stack temperature distribution
Technical Field
The invention provides a fine temperature control method for a fuel cell stack.
Background
The fuel cell has the advantages of high power generation efficiency, low noise, environmental friendliness, high specific energy, sustainable power generation and the like, and has important application value in the aspects of vehicle-mounted power supplies, power stations, power supplies and the like. The operating temperature and temperature distribution characteristics of the fuel cell have an effect on its performance, stability, and durability. Higher temperature uniformity can improve the uniformity of the performance of each MEA, thereby improving the comprehensive performance (barrel effect) of the electric pile and slowing down the decay rate of the electric pile. Therefore, the fine control of the temperature distribution of the stack becomes a core technology.
The traditional method for regulating and controlling the temperature of the electric pile is to stamp independent heat exchange flow channels in the bipolar plate and then introduce heat exchange fluid (water, heat conduction oil and the like) to control the temperature of the bipolar plate and the temperature of the electric pile. This approach requires the introduction of additional and more complex heat exchange systems, increasing system cost and complexity, as well as increasing the potential failure rate and decreasing reliability. Another way is to regulate the stack temperature by regulating the stack cathode feed flow rate, changing the enthalpy flow into and out of the stack. The mode has simple structure, but can only control the temperature of the electric pile macroscopically, and cannot finely regulate the temperature distribution of the electric pile.
The invention aims at the problem of temperature distribution consistency of the fuel cell stack, uses a multi-output transformer to form current parallel to the direction of the membrane electrode in each bipolar plate, and provides heat for different parts of the stack by using joule heat. The average heat generating power of each bipolar plate is regulated and controlled by a relay, so that the fine regulation and control of the temperature of the galvanic pile are realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical deficiencies, the present invention provides a method for forming electricity parallel to the membrane electrode direction on each bipolar plate of a stack by using a multi-output transformer for drivingStream (I)hoAnd hereinafter referred to as "lateral current"), the magnitude of the lateral current on the bipolar plate or the on-off of the lateral current on the bipolar plate is adjusted through a switching device, and further the heat generating power of each bipolar plate is adjusted, so that the fine regulation and control of the temperature distribution of the galvanic pile are realized. In the starting process, most of switching devices can be started based on an algorithm (shown in figure 4), so that the heating rate of the galvanic pile is increased, and the heating rates of all the batteries are ensured to be similar. In the normal operation stage, according to the temperature feedback signals of each part of the electric pile, part of the switching devices (figure 5) are turned on and off, the distribution of heat generation power is regulated and controlled, the heat loss of some single batteries is compensated, and the temperature of the electric pile is finely regulated and controlled.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a fine regulation and control method for fuel cell stack temperature distribution comprises a temperature monitoring submodule, a control submodule, a power supply submodule and a stack;
the electric pile is formed by stacking more than 2 MEA (membrane electrode) from left to right at intervals through bipolar plates, two ends of the electric pile are provided with unipolar plates, and the bipolar plates and the unipolar plates are collectively called as polar plates; dividing the electric pile into more than 2 regions from left to right, wherein each region at least comprises a polar plate; more than 2 temperature sensors are arranged at different positions in the electric pile, and each area at least comprises one temperature sensor;
at least one conductive lug is respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the peripheral edge of all or part of the polar plates in the pile, the conductive lugs on the two opposite sides are matched one by one to form a conductive lug pair, one conductive lug in the conductive lug pair is connected with the positive electrode of the output end of the power submodule, the other conductive lug is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the power submodule, and a secondary side switch device is arranged on a connecting wire of the conductive lug and the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of the output end of the power submodule; each area at least comprises a polar plate with conductive tabs at two opposite sides of the peripheral edge;
more than 2 temperature sensors are respectively in signal connection with the temperature monitoring submodule, and the temperature monitoring submodule acquires temperature signals on the temperature sensors and transmits the temperature signals to the control submodule; the control submodule controls the on-off (or current magnitude) of the circuit on the conductive tab of the bipolar plate of the region through the switching device on the power supply submodule corresponding to the bipolar plate of the region according to the temperature signal acquired by each regional temperature sensor, so that the on-off (or current magnitude) of the current in the bipolar plate of the region is controlled, and the heat generating power of the region is adjusted.
The temperature sensors are typically positioned adjacent to or near the bipolar plates in the stack.
The temperature monitoring submodule is a temperature acquisition card or a temperature acquisition module;
the control sub-module is an embedded system based on a single chip microcomputer or an ARM controller or a control system based on a PLC.
The power supply sub-module is a main transformer (or an inverter), a multi-output transformer primary side switching device (one or more than two of an MOS tube, a field effect tube, a relay, a silicon controlled rectifier and the like), and a multi-output transformer secondary side switching device (one or more than two of an MOS tube, a field effect tube, a relay, a silicon controlled rectifier and the like);
the main transformer is connected with an external power supply, the input end of the multi-output transformer is connected with the output end of the main transformer, a primary side switch device is arranged on a connecting wire between the main transformer and the multi-output transformer, and a secondary side switch device is arranged on a connecting wire between the output end of the multi-output transformer and the conductive tab;
the current parallel to the surface direction of the membrane electrode is generated on the electrode plate of the galvanic pile by the driving of a transformer, and the electrode plates in different areas in the galvanic pile are heated by Joule heat, so that the fine regulation and control of the temperature distribution of the galvanic pile are realized.
A starting stage:
a. after starting, firstly, initializing each parameter in the control submodule, and setting the running temperature T of the electric pile when the electric pile works normallyworkAnd a temperature rise rate threshold value dT in the starting stagemaxA cycle period Δ t; different types of fuel cell stacks have different operating temperatures, and therefore, T needs to be set according to actual situationswork(ii) a Typically, the operating temperature (T) of a low temperature PEM fuel cellwork) At 60-95 ℃, and high-temperature proton exchangeThe operating temperature of the membrane-changing fuel cell is between 120 and 250 ℃, and the working temperature of the high-temperature solid oxide fuel cell is between 800 and 1000 ℃; dTmaxA threshold value for the temperature difference measured for two consecutive cycles, indirectly representing the upper limit of the rate of temperature rise; the range of the program cycle period delta t is usually 0.1 s-30 s, the control algorithm is unstable due to too short delta t, and the control system is slow to respond due to too long delta t;
b. after initializing each parameter in the step a, adjusting the power of the input end of the multi-output transformer of the power supply submodule, and starting all output switch devices of the power supply submodule; the temperature, i.e. T, of each zone (zone in claim 1, number of zones N +1, N being an integer greater than or equal to 1) is monitored and recorded0_last,T1_last…TN_last(ii) a Waiting for a program loop period Δ t;
c. monitoring the temperature T of each zone0,T1…TN-1,TNAnd calculating the average temperature Tave；
Figure BDA0002317317090000031
d. If the average temperature TaveGreater than the operating point temperature T of the galvanic pileworkIf the starting process is finished, entering a normal operation temperature balance regulation program; otherwise, calculating the power of the input end of the multi-output transformer of the power supply submodule in the next program period according to a negative feedback formula, and then entering the step e;
e. calculating the average value of the heat generation power of each polar plate in the next period, namely calculating the opening time of a switching device at the output end of the multi-output transformer of each power supply submodule; for the ith zone, the temperature rise rate dT is calculated according to the formula (2)iAnd i represents the ith zone of the N +1 zones, and if the temperature rise rate is high (dT)i>dTmax) Then the corresponding switching device is turned off, i.e. Δ ti_on0; on the contrary, the turn-on time of the corresponding switching device is calculated according to the formula (3), wherein delta t is a program cycle period;
dTi＝Ti-Ti_last；i＝0，1，2...N (2)
Figure BDA0002317317090000032
f. updating recorded temperature data, i.e. Ti_last＝Ti(ii) a Waiting for delta t, and returning to the step c; during this period, the on time of each switching device is controlled to be Δ ti_onControlling the power of the input end of the power supply to be Don；
The method for regulating and controlling the temperature uniformity of the galvanic pile in the normal operation stage of the fuel cell comprises the following steps:
a. after entering the normal operation stage, firstly initializing the operation temperature T of the electric pileworkA cycle period delta T, a temperature difference threshold delta Tmax；ΔTmaxIs the upper limit of the temperature difference between the bipolar plates in the electric pile and represents the acceptable unbalance degree of the electric pile temperature, delta TmaxIn the range of 0 to 0.2Twork；
b. Maintaining the input power of the power supply submodule and the state of each output switch device; the temperature (zone in claim 1), i.e. T, of each zone is monitored and recorded0_last,T1_last…TN_last. Waiting for a program loop period Δ t; then entering the step c; (can be performed in the order of c-d-e, or d-c-e)
c. If the detected temperature of each area is not lower than TworkThen the input terminal of the multi-output transformer of the power supply sub-module is turned off, i.e. the input power D is setonIs 0; on the contrary, all the temperatures lower than T are extracted from the measured zone temperaturesworkAnd calculating an average value (formula (4)), and calculating the multi-output transformer input power of the power sub-module according to the average value (formula (5)); in the formula (6), PxFor feedback scaling factor, the range is: 0.01Pmax/ΔTmax～*Pmax/ΔTmax. Then, entering the step d;
Figure BDA0002317317090000033
Ts1＜Twork；Ts2＜Twork；...Tsm＜Twork (8)
Don＝Px*(Twork-Tm_ave) (9)
d. calculating the opening time of each output end of the power supply submodule; during normal operation, the plates are heated for two purposes, one is to maintain the stack temperature at TworkNearby, the temperature distribution of the galvanic pile is more balanced; therefore, the on time of the output end of the power supply submodule is also formed by adding two parts of time, namely' temperature compensation time (t)comp) Temperature equilibration time (t) of' andbal) "; for the switching device of the ith region (region in claim 1), t is calculated by equation (10)i_compCalculating t by equation (11)i_balAnd i represents the ith region among the N +1 regions. Then entering step e; where Δ t is the program cycle period, P1，P2For feedback scaling factors, the general range is: 0.01/. DELTA.Tmax～50/ΔTmax；
Δti_comp＝P2*Δt*(Twork-Ti)； Ti＜Twork
Δti_comp＝0； Ti≥Twork (12)
Δti_bal＝P1*Δt*(Tmax-Ti)； Ti+ΔTmax＜Tmax
Δti_bal＝0； Ti+ΔTmax≥Tmax (13)
e. The on-time (Δ t) of each switching device was calculated according to equation (14)i_on) (ii) a Recording data, waiting for delta t, and returning to the step c. During this period, the input power of the multi-output transformer of the power supply sub-module is controlled to be DonControlling the turn-on time of each switching device of the power supply submodule to be delta ti_on；
Δti_on＝Δti_comp+Δti_bal (15)
Calculate the next program cycle according to equation (16)E, inputting the power of the input end of the multi-output transformer of the power supply submodule in the period, and then entering the step e; in the formula, D0The minimum input power is in the range of 0-0.4 × Pmax；PmaxIs the maximum input power; pmaxThe specific value of (A) is determined according to the actual fuel cell system, usually PmaxNot more than 10 times the maximum output power of the fuel cell system; pxA proportional control coefficient, which varies with the type of fuel cell and the operating situation; usually in the range of 0.01 × Pmax/Twork～10*Pmax/TworkTo (c) to (d);
Don＝D0+Px*(Twork-Tave) (17)。
the invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:
1. compared with the prior art, the method can meet the requirements of fast temperature rise in the starting stage and regulation and control of the temperature distribution of the galvanic pile in the steady-state stage at the same time;
2. the scheme is suitable for various fuel cells, and has the characteristics of adjustable starting time, prevention of local hot spots in the starting process and self-adaptive control of temperature.
3. The scheme can actively and finely adjust the temperature distribution of the galvanic pile, so that the temperature distribution consistency of the galvanic pile is improved, and the stability and the durability of the galvanic pile are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for regulating the temperature of a stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of a power supply submodule of the temperature control system of the stack in one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of bipolar plate attachment in an embodiment of the invention (4 examples are listed);
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an equalized temperature rise control algorithm during a startup phase according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a temperature equalization control algorithm during a steady state operation phase in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The fuel cell temperature control system is constituted by:
as shown in fig. 1, the temperature control system (temperature control system) of the fuel cell stack of the present embodiment includes a temperature monitoring submodule, a control submodule, a power supply submodule, and a stack.
The temperature monitoring submodule is connected with the plurality of temperature sensors, collects temperature signals on the temperature sensors and transmits the temperature signals to the control submodule. The stack used in this example contained 55 cells, 54 bipolar plates and 2 unipolar plates, dividing the stack into 56 zones, one zone for each plate. The temperature sensor is attached to the pole plate.
The control submodule receives the temperature signals, then controls the on-off of each switch device based on an algorithm (shown in fig. 4 and 5), adjusts the heat generating power of each pole plate, and achieves fine regulation and control of the temperature of the electric pile.
As shown in fig. 2, the power supply sub-module includes a multi-output transformer, a plurality of switching devices (secondary side), and a switching device (primary side). Resistor R in FIG. 20、R1、R2…RN-1、RN(N-55) represents 56 plates (54 bipolar plates and 2 unipolar plates) in a stack, R0、RNUnipolar plates, R, representing both sides of the stackiRepresenting the bipolar plate between section i and section i + 1. Each output end of the multi-output transformer is connected with a switching device (secondary side) and then connected to the polar plate. The switch devices are connected with the control submodule and are controlled to be opened and closed by the control submodule. And an external lithium battery is used for supplying power to the input end of the power supply submodule. The switching device (primary side) is connected with the control submodule and is controlled by the control submodule. The control submodule regulates the on-off time of a switching element (primary side), and then regulates the output power of the multi-output transformer of the power supply submodule.
FIG. 3 shows a method for connecting plates in the example. As shown, tabs associated with the temperature control system are typically located on both sides of the bipolar plate (parallel to the membrane electrode direction). The tab is made of a material (such as metal) with high conductivityIn the example, copper foil is selected) is attached to the corresponding position in fig. 3. Fig. 3A is a diagonal type connection with tab widths ranging from 0 (wire straight) to 2/3 for the bipolar plate width. This connection is simple. Figure 3B is another diagonal type of connection that uses two isolated closed loops together to create current in the bipolar plate. Two switches (S)ia、Sib) The control module controls the control module to open and close simultaneously or in time-sharing mode according to the algorithm. The symmetrical design can improve the uniformity of heat generation distribution in the plane of the bipolar plate. In this manner, the number of outputs of the power supply sub-modules is doubled. Fig. 3C shows a parallel type connection, i.e. the tab covers the full area of the plate side. Under this kind of connected mode, the polar plate heat production is more even. Fig. 3D shows the above-described combination, in which a plurality of contacts are formed on the tabs, and the contacts are connected to different positions on the side surfaces of the bipolar plate.
The method for regulating and controlling the temperature of the fuel cell stack at the starting stage comprises the following steps:
when the fuel cell is in the start-up phase, the primary objective is to rapidly raise the stack temperature to the temperature value at the stack operating point, while preventing local over-temperature and burn-out of the membrane electrodes. Therefore, the on-off state of each relay in the temperature control system is adjusted by setting the temperature rise rate threshold value, so that the stable and rapid temperature rise of the electric pile and the balance of the temperature distribution of the electric pile are realized. As shown in fig. 4, one implementation algorithm is as follows:
a. after starting, initializing each parameter; in this embodiment, the stack is a phosphoric acid type HT-PEM stack, and the operating temperature T of the stack during normal operation is setworkAt 180 deg.C, a threshold temperature rise rate dT during start-upmaxAt 2 deg.C, the cycle period Δ t was set to 3 s.
b. After each parameter is initialized, the power of the input end of the power supply submodule is adjusted, and all output switch devices of the power supply submodule are started. Monitoring and recording the temperature of each plate, i.e. T0_last,T1_last…T55_last. Waiting for a program loop period at.
c. Monitoring the temperature T of each polar plate0,T1…T54,T55And calculating the average temperature Tave。
Figure BDA0002317317090000061
d. If the average temperature TaveGreater than the operating point temperature T of the galvanic pilework(180 ℃), the starting process is considered to be finished, and a normal operation temperature balance regulation program is entered; otherwise, calculating the input end power of the multi-output transformer of the power supply submodule in the next program period according to the formula (12), and then entering the step e. In the formula, D0And PmaxThe design power of the electric pile of the embodiment is 400W determined by the characteristics of the electric pile; d0Taking the value of 500W, PmaxThe value is 2 kW. In the formula (12), PxValue of 6 x Pmax/TworkI.e., 66.7W/deg.C. (ii) a
Don＝D0+Px*(Twork-Tave) (19)
e. And calculating the average value of the heat generation power of each polar plate in the next period, namely calculating the opening time of each secondary side switch device on the multi-output transformer of the power supply sub-module. For the ith electrode plate, the temperature rise rate dT of the ith electrode plate is calculated according to the formula (13)iIn the formula, Ti_lastFor last test of temperature value, T, of ith polar plateiAnd testing the temperature value of the ith polar plate for the current test. If the temperature rising rate is high (dT)i>dTmax) Then the corresponding switching device is turned off, i.e. Δ t i_on0; otherwise, the turn-on time of the corresponding switching device is calculated according to equation (14).
dTi＝Ti-Ti_last； i＝1,2...N (20)
Figure BDA0002317317090000062
f. Updating recorded temperature data, i.e. Ti_last＝Ti. Wait for Δ t and go back to step c. During the period, the opening time of each relay is controlled to be delta ti_onControlling power of input end of power supply to be Don。
The method for regulating and controlling the temperature uniformity of the galvanic pile in the normal operation stage of the fuel cell comprises the following steps:
a. after entering the normal operation stage, firstly initializing the operation temperature T of the electric pileworkAt 180 deg.C, the cycle time Deltat is 3s, and the temperature difference threshold is set at 5 deg.C.
b. The input power to the power supply sub-module and the state of each output switching device are maintained. Monitoring and recording the temperature of each plate, i.e. T0_last,T1_last…T55_last. Waiting for a program loop period at. Then entering the step c;
c. if the detected temperature of each polar plate is not lower than Twork(180 ℃), the input end of the power supply submodule is closed, namely the input power D is setonIs 0; on the contrary, all the temperature lower than T is extracted from the measured plate temperaturework(180 ℃) and calculates the average value (equation (15)), and calculates the power supply sub-module input power from the average value (equation (17)). In the formula (17), PxFor feedback proportionality coefficient, 200W/deg.C is taken.
Figure BDA0002317317090000063
Ts1＜Twork；Ts2＜Twork；...Tsm＜Twork (23)
Don＝Px*(Twork-Tm_ave) (24)
d. And calculating the opening time of each output end of the power supply submodule. During normal operation, the polar plate is heated for two purposes, namely, the temperature of the electric pile is maintained at TworkAnd nearby, the temperature distribution of the galvanic pile is more balanced. Therefore, the on-time of the output terminal of the power supply sub-module also comprises the sum of two parts of time, namely' temperature compensation time (t)i_comp) Temperature equilibration time (t) of' andi_bal)". For the ith (i is an integer between 0 and 55) plate, t is calculated by the formula (18)i_compCalculating t by the formula (19)i_balThen, entering step e; in the formula P1，P2The feedback proportionality coefficients are all 0.1 DEG C-1。
Δti_comp＝P1*Δton*(Twork-Ti)； Ti＜Twork
Δti_comp＝0； Ti＞Twork (25)
Δti_bal＝P2*Δton*(Tmax-Ti)； Ti+ΔTmax＜Tmax
Δti_bal＝0； Ti+ΔTmax＞Tmax (26)
e. The switching device on time is calculated according to equation (20). Recording data, waiting for delta t, and returning to the step c. During this period, the input power of the power supply sub-module is controlled to be DonControlling the turn-on time of each switching device of the power supply submodule to be delta ti_onAnd i is an integer between 0 and 55.
Δti_on＝Δti_comp+Δti_bal (27)。

Claims (5)

1. A fine regulation and control method for fuel cell stack temperature distribution is characterized in that a temperature control system comprises a temperature monitoring submodule, a control submodule, a power supply submodule and a stack;
the electric pile is formed by stacking more than 2 MEA membrane electrodes from left to right at intervals through bipolar plates, two ends of the electric pile are provided with unipolar plates, and the bipolar plates and the unipolar plates are collectively called as polar plates; dividing the electric pile into more than 2 regions from left to right, wherein each region at least comprises a polar plate; more than 2 temperature sensors are arranged at different positions in the electric pile, and each area at least comprises one temperature sensor;
at least one conductive lug is respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the peripheral edge of all or part of the polar plates in the pile, the conductive lugs on the two opposite sides are matched one by one to form a conductive lug pair, one conductive lug in the conductive lug pair is connected with the positive electrode of the output end of the power submodule, the other conductive lug is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the power submodule, and a secondary side switch device is arranged on a connecting wire of the conductive lug and the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode of the output end of the power submodule; each area at least comprises a polar plate with conductive tabs at two opposite sides of the peripheral edge;
more than 2 temperature sensors are respectively in signal connection with the temperature monitoring submodule, and the temperature monitoring submodule acquires temperature signals on the temperature sensors and transmits the temperature signals to the control submodule; the control submodule controls a switching device on a power supply submodule corresponding to the bipolar plate of each region to control the on-off or current of a circuit on a conductive tab of the bipolar plate of the region according to the temperature signal acquired by the temperature sensor of each region, so that the on-off or current of the bipolar plate of the region is controlled, and the heat generating power of the region is adjusted.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the temperature sensor is attached to the bipolar plate in the galvanic pile or arranged close to the bipolar plate.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the temperature monitoring submodule is a temperature acquisition card or a temperature acquisition module;
the control sub-module is an embedded system based on a single chip microcomputer or an ARM controller or a control system based on a PLC.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the power supply submodule is a main transformer or an inverter, a multi-output transformer primary side switching device and a multi-output transformer secondary side switching device; the main transformer is connected with an external power supply, the input end of the multi-output transformer is connected with the output end of the main transformer, a primary side switch device is arranged on a connecting wire between the main transformer and the multi-output transformer, and a secondary side switch device is arranged on a connecting wire between the output end of the multi-output transformer and the conductive tab;
the current parallel to the surface direction of the membrane electrode is generated on the electrode plate of the galvanic pile by the driving of a transformer, and the electrode plates in different areas in the galvanic pile are heated by Joule heat, so that the fine regulation and control of the temperature distribution of the galvanic pile are realized.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the primary side switching device of the multi-output transformer is one or more than two of an MOS tube, a field effect tube, a relay and a silicon controlled rectifier; the secondary side switch device of the multi-output transformer is one or more than two of MOS tube, field effect tube, relay and silicon controlled rectifier.
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CN103682403A (en) * 2013-12-24 2014-03-26 武汉理工大学 Fuel cell low-temperature quick-starting system and method adopting staged temperature control
WO2016095238A1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-06-23 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Method and device for detecting pile consistency of proton exchange membrane fuel cell
CN107171004A (en) * 2017-05-05 2017-09-15 武汉理工大学 A kind of fuel cell cold-starting is classified preheating control method

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KR20050070730A (en) * 2003-12-30 2005-07-07 현대자동차주식회사 Method of controling fuel cell stack temperature and system thereof
CN103682403A (en) * 2013-12-24 2014-03-26 武汉理工大学 Fuel cell low-temperature quick-starting system and method adopting staged temperature control
WO2016095238A1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-06-23 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Method and device for detecting pile consistency of proton exchange membrane fuel cell
CN107171004A (en) * 2017-05-05 2017-09-15 武汉理工大学 A kind of fuel cell cold-starting is classified preheating control method

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