CN112992111B - Magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing superelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano - Google Patents
Magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing superelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano Download PDFInfo
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- CN112992111B CN112992111B CN202110233328.8A CN202110233328A CN112992111B CN 112992111 B CN112992111 B CN 112992111B CN 202110233328 A CN202110233328 A CN 202110233328A CN 112992111 B CN112992111 B CN 112992111B
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- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H3/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means
- G10H3/12—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument
- G10H3/14—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means
- G10H3/18—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means using a string, e.g. electric guitar
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
- G10D3/14—Tuning devices, e.g. pegs, pins, friction discs or worm gears
- G10D3/147—Devices for altering the string tension during playing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
- G10D3/22—Material for manufacturing stringed musical instruments; Treatment of the material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/32—Constructional details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/02—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
- H02N2/04—Constructional details
- H02N2/043—Mechanical transmission means, e.g. for stroke amplification
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P8/00—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors rotating step by step
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing super-elastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano which mainly comprises a magnetostrictive actuator, an amplifying lever, a string clamp, a mute stepping motor, a playing piece, a piano bow, a crank slider mechanism, super-elastic memory alloy wire strings, string fixing bolts and an ohmmeter. The device converts notes into corresponding electric signals through a control signal generator, controls a magnetostrictive lever after the signals are amplified by a power amplifier, adjusts the tensioning degree of the strings of the memory alloy wires, and combines an ohmmeter to accurately adjust the tone height. Meanwhile, the control signal generator transmits a control signal to the stepping motor driver, so that the mute stepping motor drives the playing piece or the bow to play. The device can realize quick and accurate automatic tuning of a string, automatically complete the playing function of drawable and elastic, and has advanced guiding significance and practical value for the research and application of the magnetostrictive actuator and the superelasticity shape memory alloy wire.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hyperelastic shape memory alloy musical instruments, in particular to a magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing hyperelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano.
Background
The super-elastic shape memory alloy is an alloy composed of two or more metal materials and has super-elastic shape memory effect. The memory alloy wire in an austenite state at normal temperature is loaded to a certain load, after the stress exceeds the elastic limit of the memory alloy wire, the memory alloy wire is continuously loaded with austenite to be transformed into martensite, the elongation of the superelastic memory alloy wire is increased, and after the stress is removed, the strain disappears along with the reverse phase transformation of the martensite, and the superelastic memory alloy wire is completely recovered to the original length. The memory alloy wire has the characteristic of self-perception, when the stress strain of the memory alloy wire changes, the resistance of the memory alloy wire also changes correspondingly, and the tension degree of the memory alloy wire can be controlled by measuring the resistance change, so that the purpose of self-perception is achieved.
The magnetostrictive material is a ferromagnet with magnetostrictive effect, when a certain external magnetic field is applied to the magnetostrictive material, the length and the volume of the magnetostrictive material are changed, and when the external magnetic field disappears, the magnetostrictive material restores the original size, so that the magnetostrictive effect is a reversible process. The giant magnetostrictive material has a larger magnetostrictive coefficient than that of a common magnetostrictive material, and has a large output force, so that the giant magnetostrictive material is widely used for magnetostrictive actuators.
The string instrument can be divided into a bow string instrument, a plucked string instrument and a struck string instrument, the sound production principle of the string instrument is that the string is tensioned to vibrate to produce sound, and the thickness, the length and the tensioning degree of the string have important influence on the tone of the string instrument. Stringed musical instruments generally play different tones with different strings, and change the length of the strings by pressing the strings with fingers at different positions, thereby playing different tones. The guitar can play 14 different tones by adjusting the tensioning degree of a string with unchanged material, thickness and length.
In conclusion, a magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing superelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano is developed by using a superelastic memory alloy wire as a string, using a magnetostrictive lever as a string tensioning device and using a mute stepping motor to drive a playing piece or a piano bow as a playing device. The corresponding tones can be converted into electric signals through the control signal generator, and after the electric signals are amplified by the power amplifier, the magnetostrictive lever is controlled to adjust the tensioning degree of the memory alloy wire string, so that the tone can be automatically tuned quickly and accurately under the feedback action of the ohmmeter. In the aspect of playing devices, a playing piece on the mute stepping motor 1 can be controlled to pluck strings, or a bow on the mute stepping motor 2 can be controlled to pull strings, so that the memory alloy wire strings can make sound, and the music playing by popping is realized. The technology has advanced guiding significance and practical value for the research and application of magnetostrictive actuators and superelastic memory alloy wires.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing superelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano. The device can realize that a memory alloy wire is used as a string, a magnetostrictive actuator is combined with an amplifying lever to be used as a string tensioning device, a mute step motor 1 drives a playing piece to be used as a playing device, a mute step motor 2 drives a bow on a slider-crank mechanism to be used as a string pulling device, and the function of playing music in a manner of popping and pulling is automatically realized.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing superelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano mainly comprises 4 parts, namely a string tensioning device, a string fixing device, a playing device and an electric control device. The string tensioning device is composed of a magnetostrictive actuator and 2 amplifying levers, the string fixing device is composed of 3 super-elastic memory alloy wire strings, a string fixing stud and a string clamp, the playing device is composed of two mute step motors, a playing piece, a bow and a crank slider mechanism, and the electric control device is composed of a control signal generator, a power amplifier, a step motor driver and an ohmmeter.
In order to enable the stress borne by the superelastic memory alloy wire to exceed the elastic limit, the string tensioning device adopts a magnetostrictive actuator with large output force, an amplifying lever is adopted, the output displacement of the magnetostrictive actuator can be greatly improved, a V-shaped groove is arranged at the position of a fulcrum of the amplifying lever, the amplifying lever is arranged on a blade type fulcrum, the lever can rotate around the fulcrum, and the output end of the amplifying lever is provided with two threaded blind holes which can be used for placing a string clamp.
String fixing device include string anchor clamps and string fixing stud, the string anchor clamps comprise two bolts and the copper sheet of opening there are two holes, memory alloy silk string one end can press from both sides tightly between copper sheet and amplification lever output, the through-hole of string fixing stud top can be passed to the other end of memory alloy silk string, the two cooperation can make super bullet memory alloy silk string fixed.
The playing device is mainly controlled by a mute stepping motor, a playing piece is installed at the output end of a mute stepping motor 1 of the playing part, the playing piece is controlled to stir strings to make the strings produce sound under the action of a control signal output by a stepping motor driver 1, the output end of a mute stepping motor 2 of the string pulling part is connected with a crank-slider mechanism, a piano bow is installed on a slider, the piano bow is controlled to pull the strings to produce sound in a reciprocating mode under the action of the control signal output by the stepping motor driver 2, and two playing functions which can be played and pulled can be realized.
The ohmmeter is connected to two ends of the superelastic memory alloy wire, the resistance change of the superelastic memory alloy wire is collected in real time, and the tension degree of the string can be quickly and accurately controlled in a feedback mode according to the corresponding relation between the stress strain of the memory alloy wire and the resistance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a single-string plucked piano made of a superelastic memory alloy wire.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the string clamp structure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the work flow of the single-string plucked piano made of the superelastic memory alloy wire.
In the figure: the device comprises a magnetostrictive actuator 1, a giant magnetostrictive material 2, a coil 3, a lever fulcrum 4, an amplifying lever 5, a string fixing stud 6, a playing piece 7, a mute stepping motor 8, a super elastic memory alloy wire string 9, a crank slider mechanism 10, a mute stepping motor 2, a piano bow 12, a string clamp 13, an ohmmeter 14, a fixing bolt 15 and a copper sheet 16.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the device is a magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing superelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano. One end of a super-elastic memory alloy wire piano string (9) penetrates through the string fixing stud (6), the other end of the super-elastic memory alloy wire piano string penetrates between the string clamp (13) and the output end of the amplifying lever (5), and the string clamp (13) consists of a fixing bolt (15) and a copper sheet (16). The magnetostrictive actuator (1) is arranged at a position close to the lever fulcrum (4), and the mounting base of the magnetostrictive actuator can be adjusted, so that the displacement output ratio of the amplifying lever (5) can be increased. The control signal generator converts the notes into corresponding electric signals, the electric signals are amplified by the power amplifier, the coil (3) in the magnetostrictive actuator (1) is controlled to generate a corresponding magnetic field, and the giant magnetostrictive material (2) outputs corresponding displacement under the action of the magnetic field. After the displacement output by the magnetostrictive actuator (1) is amplified by the amplifying lever (5), the tiny displacement of the output end of the magnetostrictive actuator (1) is converted into the larger displacement of the output end of the amplifying lever (5), the tension degree of the strings (9) changes along with the different swinging angles of the output end of the amplifying lever (5), and different tones are emitted. The two ends of the superelastic memory alloy wire string (9) are connected with the ohmmeter (14), the length change of the memory alloy wire can be reflected by measuring the resistance change of the memory alloy wire, and the accurate feedback control on the tensioning degree of the memory alloy wire string (9) is realized.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the control signal generator transmits an amplified control signal to the magnetostrictive actuator (1) through the power amplifier, and also transmits a control signal to the two stepping motor drivers after judgment, so as to drive the playing piece on the mute stepping motor 1(8) to shift the string, or drive the bow on the mute stepping motor 2(11) to pull the string, so that the string makes a sound, and thus, the playing of a note is completed.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable the scientific research personnel and the engineering personnel skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a musical instrument is drawn to magnetostrictive lever tuning self-perception superelastic memory alloy silk single-string bullet which characterized in that: the device comprises a magnetostrictive actuator (1), a lever fulcrum (4), an amplifying lever (5), a string fixing stud (6), a playing piece (7), a mute stepping motor (1), (8), a super elastic memory alloy wire string (9), a crank slider mechanism (10), a mute stepping motor (2), (11), a bow (12), a string clamp (13), an ohmmeter (14), a fixing bolt (15) and a copper sheet (16); wherein the output end of the magnetostrictive actuator (1) is supported on one side of the upper end of the amplifying lever (5) close to the lever fulcrum (4), the front end of the amplifying lever (5) is arranged on the lever fulcrum (4), the string clamp (13) passes through the copper sheet (16) by utilizing the fixing bolt (15) to fix the superelastic memory alloy wire string (9) at the rear end of the amplifying lever (5), the string fixing stud (6) is used for fixing the other end of the superelastic memory alloy wire string (9), the ohmmeter (14) is connected with the two ends of the superelastic memory alloy wire string (9), the playing piece (7) connected with the output end of the mute stepping motor 1(8) can stir the superelastic memory alloy wire string (9), the output end of the mute stepping motor 2(11) is connected with the crank slider mechanism (10) provided with the bow (12), the bow (12) is lapped on the superelastic memory alloy wire string (9), and the stepping motor driver can be controlled by an electric signal output by the control signal generator, two mute stepping motors are driven to realize two playing modes of playing a playing piece (7) or pulling a string by a bow (12).
2. The magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing superelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the magnetostrictive actuator (1) mainly comprises a giant magnetostrictive material (2) and a coil (3), a mounting base of the magnetostrictive actuator can be subjected to position adjustment, the magnetostrictive actuator (1) is mounted on one side close to a lever fulcrum (4) and can be used for driving an amplifying lever (5) to rotate around the lever fulcrum (4), the amplifying lever (5) is provided with a V-shaped groove at the position of the lever fulcrum (4), the amplifying lever (5) can be mounted on a knife-edge type lever fulcrum (4), and the output end of the amplifying lever (5) is provided with two threaded blind holes and can be used for fixing a string clamp (13) at the output end of the amplifying lever (5).
3. The magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing superelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the ohmmeter (14) is connected to two ends of the superelastic memory alloy wire string (9) through a lead, according to the self-sensing principle of the memory alloy wire, when the tensioning degrees of the superelastic memory alloy wire string (9) are different, the resistance changes correspondingly, and signals collected by the ohmmeter (14) are fed back to the control signal generator, so that accurate feedback control of the tensioning degrees of the strings is realized.
4. The magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing superelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the string clamp (13) is composed of a fixing bolt (15) and a copper sheet (16) and can be used for fixing one end of the superelastic memory alloy wire string (9), the string fixing stud (6) is provided with a circular through hole and can be used for fixing the other end of the superelastic memory alloy wire string (9), when the magnetic fields generated by the coils (3) are different, the magnetostrictive actuator (1) drives the displacement of the output end of the amplifying lever (5) to change correspondingly, and further the tensioning degree of the superelastic memory alloy wire string (9) is changed, so that different tones can be played.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110233328.8A CN112992111B (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing superelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano |
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| CN202110233328.8A CN112992111B (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | Magnetostrictive lever tuning type self-sensing superelastic memory alloy wire single-string plucked piano |
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| CN112992111B true CN112992111B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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| CN109192183A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-11 | 金丘科技（深圳）有限公司 | The tuning method and stringed musical instrument of stringed musical instrument |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100005954A1 (en) * | 2008-07-13 | 2010-01-14 | Yasuo Higashidate | Sound Sensing Apparatus and Musical Instrument |
-
2021
- 2021-03-03 CN CN202110233328.8A patent/CN112992111B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008281745A (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2008-11-20 | Yamaha Corp | Automatic playing electronic keyboard instrument |
| CN102063892A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-05-18 | 山西大学 | Electronic running-in machine for enabling tone quality of stringed instrument to quickly become mature |
| CN106370293A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-02-01 | 山西大学 | Measurement system and decomposition method for integral sound vibration and firmware vibration of violin |
| CN207133412U (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-03-23 | 高鸿达 | A kind of electric guitar string mangneto stretches detection means |
| CN109192183A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-11 | 金丘科技（深圳）有限公司 | The tuning method and stringed musical instrument of stringed musical instrument |
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| Title |
|---|
| Violin training with a magnetostrictive actuator;Giovanni Bianchia等;《Sensors and Actuators A: Physical》;20200624;全文 * |
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