CN112988598A - Method and device for automatically testing interface - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for automatically testing an interface, which relate to the field of automatic testing and can be applied to the financial field and other fields, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining effective transaction messages through a load balancing server, splitting and extracting the effective transaction messages according to preset key fields, and splicing the effective transaction messages through a preset format to generate test data; generating a test request according to a transaction scene selected by a user, and analyzing according to the test request to obtain corresponding field information; and matching the test data according to the field information, generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result, and providing the transaction request to a load balancing server for interface test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automatic testing, which can be applied to the financial field and other fields, in particular to a method and a device for automatically testing an interface.
Background
In the existing automatic testing method based on the interface, service personnel manually obtain a full transaction log from a server, then retrieve required messages from the full transaction log according to the requirements of the service personnel, and then convert the messages into an automatic testing script, so that automatic testing is performed. The method has the following disadvantages: the log needs to be searched manually, and the log at the server side is usually large, which is not beneficial to acquisition and retrieval of business personnel; it is not suitable for large batch interface message statistics and test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for automatically testing an interface, which improve the manual efficiency and solve the defects of the log mobile phone process.
To achieve the above object, the method for automatically testing an interface provided by the present invention specifically comprises: obtaining effective transaction messages through a load balancing server, splitting and extracting the effective transaction messages according to preset key fields, and splicing the effective transaction messages through a preset format to generate test data; generating a test request according to a transaction scene selected by a user, and analyzing according to the test request to obtain corresponding field information; and matching the test data according to the field information, generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result, and providing the transaction request to a load balancing server for interface test.
In the above method for automatically testing an interface, preferably, after the valid transaction message is split and extracted according to a preset key field, generating test data by splicing in a preset format includes: splitting and extracting the effective transaction message through a preset key field to obtain a classified message; and splicing the classified messages according to a preset format to generate test data.
In the above method for automatically testing an interface, preferably, generating test data by splicing in a preset format further includes: and storing the test data to a preset position in a json format through a hash algorithm.
In the above method for automatically testing an interface, preferably, the step of matching the test data according to the field information and the step of generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result includes: matching test data stored in a preset position according to the field information; and extracting a classification message according to the test data in the matching result, and generating a transaction request according to the classification message.
In the method for automatically testing an interface, preferably, the preset key field includes a message header field, a request type field, a transaction detail field, and a message body field.
In the above method for automatically testing an interface, preferably, the generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result includes: and splicing the message header field and the message body field in the test data to generate a transaction request.
The invention also provides a device for automatically testing the interface, which comprises a data processing end and an automatic testing end; the data processing terminal is used for obtaining effective transaction messages through the load balancing server, splitting and extracting the effective transaction messages according to preset key fields, and splicing the effective transaction messages through a preset format to generate test data; the automatic testing end is used for generating a testing request according to a transaction scene selected by a user and analyzing and acquiring corresponding field information according to the testing request; and matching the test data according to the field information, generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result, and providing the transaction request to a load balancing server for interface test.
In the device for automatically testing the interface, preferably, the data processing terminal includes a data classification processing module, and the data classification processing module is configured to split and extract the effective transaction message through a preset key field to obtain a classification message; and splicing the classified messages according to a preset format to generate test data.
In the above apparatus for automatically testing an interface, preferably, the data classification processing module further includes: and storing the test data to a preset position in a json format through a hash algorithm.
In the device for automatically testing the interface, preferably, the automatic testing end includes a data matching processing module and an automatic testing module; the data matching processing module is used for matching the test data stored in the preset position according to the field information; the automatic test module is used for extracting classification messages according to the test data in the matching result and generating transaction requests according to the classification messages.
In the above device for automatically testing an interface, preferably, the data processing terminal includes a data collection module, and the data collection module is configured to screen all transaction messages according to the identifier successfully fed back from the load balancing server to obtain effective transaction messages.
The invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method when executing the computer program.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above method.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the device solves the defects that in the existing interface-based testing method, a tester needs to manually search logs and the logs are large in quantity and are not beneficial to acquisition and retrieval, and meanwhile, the tester can independently select a testing scene at the front end according to the requirement, the device automatically matches background data, splices automatic testing scripts and realizes large-batch interface testing scenes.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for automated interface testing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a splicing process of test data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the concatenation of transaction requests according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for automated interface testing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic application flow diagram of a data processing end according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application flow of an automated testing terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.
Additionally, the steps illustrated in the flow charts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and, although a logical order is illustrated in the flow charts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than here.
Referring to fig. 1, an automated interface testing method provided by the present invention specifically includes:
s101, obtaining effective transaction messages through a load balancing server, splitting and extracting the effective transaction messages according to preset key fields, and splicing the effective transaction messages through a preset format to generate test data;
s102, generating a test request according to a transaction scene selected by a user, and analyzing according to the test request to obtain corresponding field information;
s103, matching the test data according to the field information, generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result, and providing the transaction request to a load balancing server for interface test.
Wherein, the transaction scenario may be application + transaction name: pass + login, or application + transaction name + transaction scenario: personal payment application + payment + WeChat payment and the like, determining relevant screening conditions of the test data based on the information selected by the users, and matching to obtain corresponding test data by utilizing the screening conditions; therefore, the embodiment overcomes the defects and shortcomings of the log collection process in the existing interface-based testing method, and realizes the automatic testing of the interface by collecting the messages of the transaction passing through the load balancing server, then classifying, extracting and storing the collected messages, and then automatically matching the transaction scene input by the front-end user and initiating the transaction.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, after the valid transaction packet is split and extracted according to a preset key field, generating test data by splicing in a preset format includes:
s201, splitting and extracting the effective transaction message through a preset key field to obtain a classified message;
s202, splicing the classified messages according to a preset format to generate test data.
The preset key field can comprise a message header field, a request type field, a transaction detail field and a message body field; wherein the definition of each field may include: a Header: the header, usually a domain name, can determine the application to which the transaction belongs by the value of this field. Type: the request type is typically POST/GET. Function, extracting from the message body, usually the keyword in the transaction request, can locate the transaction type, such as login transaction (epasslogin). Keyname: further refinements of the transaction such as pay for Bay Payment (Alipay) or WeChatpay (WeChatpay) in a payment transaction. Data: the complete message body. In actual work, the method of splitting the effective transaction message in step S201 may be implemented by field extraction, for example: the information between A1 and A2 is a message header field, the information between A3 and A4 is a request type field, and the information between A5 and A6 is a transaction type field, so that each node from A1 to A6 in the effective transaction message can be directly positioned, the corresponding field is determined and extracted through the information between each node, and the splitting and extraction of the effective transaction message are completed; certainly, other splitting modes exist in the actual work, and a person skilled in the art can select a corresponding extraction method according to actual needs, and the details are not described herein.
In an embodiment of the present invention, generating the test data by splicing in the preset format further includes: and storing the test data to a preset position in a json format through a hash algorithm. Specifically, the classified messages can be spliced again in a format of Header + Type + Funcion + keyame + Data to obtain test Data, and the test Data is stored in a database in a json format through a hash algorithm; therefore, when matching is carried out subsequently, the transaction request for testing can be generated quickly by directly matching from the preset position. Further, referring to fig. 3, in another embodiment of the present invention, matching the test data according to the field information, and generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result includes: s301, matching test data stored in a preset position according to the field information; s302, a classification message is extracted according to the test data in the matching result, and a transaction request is generated according to the classification message. In the above embodiment, generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result may include: splicing the message header field and the message body field in the test data to generate a transaction request; in actual work, the splicing format may be defined in advance by a worker, for example: the method comprises the steps of combining and splicing the header, the request type, the transaction type, the payment mode and the report body, wherein the specific splicing format can be selected and adjusted according to actual needs due to different requirements in actual work, and the specific format of the method is not limited at all.
Referring to fig. 4, the present invention further provides an apparatus for automatically testing an interface, where the apparatus includes a data processing terminal and an automatic testing terminal; the data processing terminal is used for obtaining effective transaction messages through the load balancing server, splitting and extracting the effective transaction messages according to preset key fields, and splicing the effective transaction messages through a preset format to generate test data; the automatic testing end is used for generating a testing request according to a transaction scene selected by a user and analyzing and acquiring corresponding field information according to the testing request; and matching the test data according to the field information, generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result, and providing the transaction request to a load balancing server for interface test. Therefore, the automatic testing of the interface is realized by collecting the messages of the transaction passing through the load balancing server, then classifying, extracting and storing the collected messages, then automatically matching the transaction scene input by the front-end user, initiating the transaction, assembling the test data according to the transaction and submitting the test data for testing.
In the above embodiment, the data processing terminal may include a data classification processing module and a data collection module, where the data classification processing module is configured to split and extract the valid transaction packet through a preset key field to obtain a classification packet; and splicing the classified messages according to a preset format to generate test data. Wherein, the data classification processing module further comprises: and storing the test data to a preset position in a json format through a hash algorithm. And the data collection module is used for screening all transaction messages according to the identifiers successfully fed back in the load balancing server to obtain effective transaction messages. Specifically, in the actual work, because the transaction message in the load balancing server has an invalid transaction, at this time, in order to extract an effective message, a success identifier fed back by the load balancing server can be used to extract a corresponding success message, and the specific screening process can be implemented by using the existing message extraction method according to the actual needs, which is not described in detail herein.
In the above embodiment, the automatic testing terminal includes a data matching processing module and an automatic testing module; the data matching processing module is used for matching the test data stored in the preset position according to the field information; the automatic test module is used for extracting classification messages according to the test data in the matching result and generating transaction requests according to the classification messages.
In order to more clearly illustrate the specific application of the above embodiment in practical work, please refer to fig. 5 for a specific application description of the above embodiment:
the device for automatically testing the interface provided by the invention consists of a data processing end and an automatic testing end. The data processing terminal comprises: the system comprises a data collection module, a data classification processing module and a data storage module; the automatic test end comprises: the system comprises an automatic testing module, a data matching processing module and a data storage module.
The specific workflow of the data processing end is shown in fig. 5:
setp1 load balancing end: and the normal transaction request enters the load balancing server.
Setp2 data collection module: and collecting the effective messages after load balancing, namely returning successful messages.
A data classification processing module: reading the collected message, splitting and extracting the message, and defining the following key fields:
a Header: the header, usually a domain name, can determine the application to which the transaction belongs by the value of this field.
Type: the request type is typically POST/GET.
Function, extracting from the message body, usually the keyword in the transaction request, can locate the transaction type, such as login transaction (epasslogin).
Keyname: further refinements of the transaction such as pay for Bay Payment (Alipay) or WeChatpay (WeChatpay) in a payment transaction.
Data: the complete message body.
And carrying out classification marking on the collected messages by using a Header + Type + Funcion + Keyname.
Setp3 data storage module: and splicing the classified messages in a format of Header + Type + Funcion + Keyname + Data again, and storing the messages in a database, namely a Data storage module, in a json format through a hash algorithm.
The specific workflow of the automated testing end is shown in fig. 6:
step1 automated test Module: the user selects a transaction scenario, such as application + transaction name: pass + login, or application + transaction name + transaction scenario: personal payment application + payment + WeChat payment. Clicking to initiate an automated test request.
Step2 data matching processing module: after receiving a request sent by an automatic testing end, analyzing the uploading data in the request, and matching the uploading data with the data in the database according to a specific field in the uploading data, wherein the matching format is as follows: and returning the matched content to the automatic testing end.
Step3 automated test Module: and receiving the json message returned by the Data processing end, extracting a message Header + a message body (Header + Data), namely a complete request, and retransmitting the complete request to the load balancing server to realize the automatic test function of the interface.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the device solves the defects that in the existing interface-based testing method, a tester needs to manually search logs and the logs are large in quantity and are not beneficial to acquisition and retrieval, and meanwhile, the tester can independently select a testing scene at the front end according to the requirement, the device automatically matches background data, splices automatic testing scripts and realizes large-batch interface testing scenes.
The invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method when executing the computer program.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above method.
As shown in fig. 7, the electronic device 600 may further include: communication module 110, input unit 120, audio processing unit 130, display 160, power supply 170. It is noted that the electronic device 600 does not necessarily include all of the components shown in fig. 7; furthermore, the electronic device 600 may also comprise components not shown in fig. 7, which may be referred to in the prior art.
As shown in fig. 7, the central processor 100, sometimes referred to as a controller or operational control, may include a microprocessor or other processor device and/or logic device, the central processor 100 receiving input and controlling the operation of the various components of the electronic device 600.
The memory 140 may be, for example, one or more of a buffer, a flash memory, a hard drive, a removable media, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, or other suitable device. The information relating to the failure may be stored, and a program for executing the information may be stored. And the central processing unit 100 may execute the program stored in the memory 140 to realize information storage or processing, etc.
The input unit 120 provides input to the cpu 100. The input unit 120 is, for example, a key or a touch input device. The power supply 170 is used to provide power to the electronic device 600. The display 160 is used to display an object to be displayed, such as an image or a character. The display may be, for example, an LCD display, but is not limited thereto.
The memory 140 may be a solid state memory such as Read Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), a SIM card, or the like. There may also be a memory that holds information even when power is off, can be selectively erased, and is provided with more data, an example of which is sometimes called an EPROM or the like. The memory 140 may also be some other type of device. Memory 140 includes buffer memory 141 (sometimes referred to as a buffer). The memory 140 may include an application/function storage section 142, and the application/function storage section 142 is used to store application programs and function programs or a flow for executing the operation of the electronic device 600 by the central processing unit 100.
The memory 140 may also include a data store 143, the data store 143 for storing data, such as contacts, digital data, pictures, sounds, and/or any other data used by the electronic device. The driver storage portion 144 of the memory 140 may include various drivers of the electronic device for communication functions and/or for performing other functions of the electronic device (e.g., messaging application, address book application, etc.).
The communication module 110 is a transmitter/receiver 110 that transmits and receives signals via an antenna 111. The communication module (transmitter/receiver) 110 is coupled to the central processor 100 to provide an input signal and receive an output signal, which may be the same as in the case of a conventional mobile communication terminal.
Based on different communication technologies, a plurality of communication modules 110, such as a cellular network module, a bluetooth module, and/or a wireless local area network module, may be provided in the same electronic device. The communication module (transmitter/receiver) 110 is also coupled to a speaker 131 and a microphone 132 via an audio processor 130 to provide audio output via the speaker 131 and receive audio input from the microphone 132 to implement general telecommunications functions. Audio processor 130 may include any suitable buffers, decoders, amplifiers and so forth. In addition, an audio processor 130 is also coupled to the central processor 100, so that recording on the local can be enabled through a microphone 132, and so that sound stored on the local can be played through a speaker 131.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for automated testing of an interface, the method comprising:
obtaining effective transaction messages through a load balancing server, splitting and extracting the effective transaction messages according to preset key fields, and splicing the effective transaction messages through a preset format to generate test data;
generating a test request according to a transaction scene selected by a user, and analyzing according to the test request to obtain corresponding field information;
and matching the test data according to the field information, generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result, and providing the transaction request to a load balancing server for interface test.
2. The method for automatically testing the interface according to claim 1, wherein splitting and extracting the effective transaction message according to a preset key field, and generating test data by splicing according to a preset format comprises:
splitting and extracting the effective transaction message through a preset key field to obtain a classified message;
and splicing the classified messages according to a preset format to generate test data.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein generating test data by pre-format stitching further comprises: and storing the test data to a preset position in a json format through a hash algorithm.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein matching the test data according to the field information and generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result comprises:
matching test data stored in a preset position according to the field information;
and extracting a classification message according to the test data in the matching result, and generating a transaction request according to the classification message.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined key fields comprise a message header field, a request type field, a transaction category field, a transaction details field, and a message body field.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein generating a transaction request based on the test data in the matching result comprises: and splicing the message header field and the message body field in the test data to generate a transaction request.
7. The device for automatically testing the interface is characterized by comprising a data processing end and an automatic testing end;
the data processing terminal is used for obtaining effective transaction messages through the load balancing server, splitting and extracting the effective transaction messages according to preset key fields, and splicing the effective transaction messages through a preset format to generate test data;
the automatic testing end is used for generating a testing request according to a transaction scene selected by a user and analyzing and acquiring corresponding field information according to the testing request; and matching the test data according to the field information, generating a transaction request according to the test data in the matching result, and providing the transaction request to a load balancing server for interface test.
8. The device for automatically testing the interface according to claim 7, wherein the data processing terminal comprises a data classification processing module, and the data classification processing module is configured to split and extract the valid transaction message through a preset key field to obtain a classification message; splicing the classified messages according to a preset format to generate test data; and storing the test data to a preset position in a json format through a hash algorithm.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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