CN112986816A - Brushless exciter armature side fault online detection device and method - Google Patents
Brushless exciter armature side fault online detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an on-line detection method for armature side fault of a brushless exciter, which is characterized in that the current of a field winding of the brushless exciter is detected, and the amplitude I of a direct-current component of the field winding is calculatedDCTotal number of each integer sub-harmonic IΣTotal amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣAnd the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2Σ(ii) a Calculation of IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ、I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ、I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ、I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ(ii) a When I isDCSet _ I greater than thresholdDCAnd then, carrying out logic identification on an armature side fault criterion 1, a criterion 2, a criterion 3 and a criterion 4, and reporting a corresponding fault signal if the armature side fault criterion 1, the criterion 2, the criterion 3 and the criterion 4 are met. The invention also discloses an on-line detection device for the armature side fault of the brushless exciter. The device and the method are used for realizing the on-line detection of the armature side fault of the brushless exciter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power systems, and particularly relates to a brushless exciter armature side fault online detection device and method.
Background
The armature side fault of the brushless exciter is mainly divided into a rectifier open-circuit fault and an armature winding turn-to-turn short-circuit fault. The open-circuit faults of the rectifier are divided into one-tube open circuit of the rotating diode, single-phase open circuit of the rotating diode and multiphase open circuit faults of the rotating diode. At present, a rotating Diode Non-conduction Detection System (DNC) is generally adopted for detecting open-circuit faults of the rectifier, but the problems that the maintenance workload is large, and the waveform is degraded, distorted and mistakenly sent out when the sensor operates for a long time exist.
Chinese patent application No. CN200910183871.0 proposes a method for determining a fault of a rotating diode, which uses the ratio of the effective value of 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6 harmonics to the effective value of 22 harmonics for determination, and has great innovation, but in practical engineering application, because the 22 harmonics have small component and are not much different from the measurement null shift, the situation that the field cannot be applied may exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a brushless exciter armature side fault online detection device and method, which are not influenced by the working condition of a machine set and realize high-sensitivity brushless exciter armature side fault online detection.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is:
an armature side fault on-line detection device of a brushless exciter, comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current of the exciter exciting winding;
a calculating unit for obtaining the exciting winding current from the collecting unit and calculating the DC component I thereofDCTotal number of each integer sub-harmonic IΣTotal amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣAnd the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣCalculating IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ、I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ、I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ、I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ；
A judging unit for when IDCSet _ I greater than thresholdDCThen, the following criteria are identified:
criterion 1: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ KΣIf so, judging that the armature side is abnormal;
criterion 2: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ KΣAnd the ratio K12ΣIs greater than a fixed threshold Set1_ K12ΣIf so, judging that one tube of the armature side rotating diode is open;
criterion 3: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set2_ K12ΣJudging that one phase or multiple phases of the armature side rotating diode are open;
criterion 4: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set3_ K12ΣAnd judging that the armature side armature winding is in turn short circuit.
Further, the online detection device further includes: and the action unit is used for giving an alarm or acting on tripping through corresponding preset time delay when any one of the criteria 1-4 in the judgment unit is met.
Further, in the above-mentioned on-line detecting apparatus, the threshold Set1_ K is Set2ΣLess than Set2_ K2Σ。
Further, onIn the on-line detection device, the total amount of each integer harmonic IΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
IΣ＝F(Ij)；
wherein, IjThe effective value of each integral harmonic component in the exciter exciting winding current is j equal to 1,2, …, N is a natural number, and F (I)j) Is a reaction ofjThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value solving function or an average value solving function;
total amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I1Σ＝F(I2n+1)；
wherein, I2n+1For each odd harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n+1) Is a reaction of2n+1The related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value solving function or an average value solving function;
total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I2Σ＝F(I2n)；
wherein, I2nFor each even-numbered harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n) Is a reaction of2nThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function.
Further, in the above online detection device, the effective value of the harmonic component is calculated by using a fourier algorithm function, an instantaneous sampling operation function, a half-wave integral operation function, or a full-wave integral operation function.
The invention correspondingly provides an online detection method for the armature side fault of the brushless exciter, which comprises the following steps:
step (1) collecting exciter exciting winding current and calculating direct current component I thereofDCTotal number of each integer sub-harmonic IΣTotal amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣAnd the total number of even-numbered harmonicsI2Σ；
Step (2) calculating IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ、I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ、I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ、I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ；
Step (3) when IDCSet _ I greater than thresholdDCAnd then, carrying out the following criterion identification:
criterion 1: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ KΣIf so, judging that the armature side is abnormal;
criterion 2: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ KΣAnd the ratio K12ΣIs greater than a fixed threshold Set1_ K12ΣIf so, judging that one tube of the armature side rotating diode is open;
criterion 3: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set2_ K12ΣJudging that one phase or multiple phases of the armature side rotating diode are open;
criterion 4: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set3_ K12ΣAnd judging that the armature side armature winding is in turn short circuit.
Further, the online detection method further comprises the step (4): and (4) if any one of the criteria 1-4 in the step (3) is met, giving an alarm or acting on tripping through corresponding preset time delay.
Further, the threshold Set1_ K in the online detection method is Set2ΣLess than Set2_ K2Σ。
Further, in the above online detection method, the total amount I of each integer subharmonicΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
IΣ＝F(Ij)；
wherein, IjThe effective value of each integral harmonic component in the exciter exciting winding current is j equal to 1,2, …, N is a natural number, and F (I)j) Is a reaction ofjThe related operation function, the sum function, the total effectivenessA value function, or an averaging function;
total amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I1Σ＝F(I2n+1)；
wherein, I2n+1For each odd harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n+1) Is a reaction of2n+1The related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value solving function or an average value solving function;
total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I2Σ＝F(I2n)；
wherein, I2nFor each even-numbered harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n) Is a reaction of2nThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function.
Further, in the above online detection method, the effective value of the harmonic component is calculated by using a fourier algorithm function, an instantaneous sampling operation function, a half-wave integral operation function, or a full-wave integral operation function.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a brand-new brushless exciter armature side fault on-line detection device and method based on the ratio of harmonic components to direct current components, under the fault condition, each harmonic component is increased along with the increase of the direct current components of an exciting winding and is in a certain proportional relation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the armature side fault on-line detection device of the brushless exciter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another armature side fault on-line detection device for a brushless exciter of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method for detecting the armature side fault of the brushless exciter on line according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings.
An embodiment of an on-line detecting device for armature side fault of brushless exciter as shown in fig. 1 comprises: the device comprises a collecting unit, a calculating unit and a judging unit. Wherein:
and the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current of the exciter exciting winding.
A calculating unit for obtaining the exciting winding current from the collecting unit and calculating the DC component I thereofDCTotal number of each integer sub-harmonic IΣTotal amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣAnd the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣCalculating IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ、I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ、I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ、I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ。
A judging unit for when IDCSet _ I greater than thresholdDCThen, the following criteria are identified:
criterion 1: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ KΣIf so, judging that the armature side is abnormal;
criterion 2: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ KΣAnd the ratio K12ΣIs greater than a fixed threshold Set1_ K12ΣIf so, judging that one tube of the armature side rotating diode is open;
criterion 3: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set2_ K12ΣJudging that one phase or multiple phases of the armature side rotating diode are open;
criterion 4: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set3_ K12ΣThen, it is determined as the armature side armature winding inter-turnAnd (4) short-circuiting.
The brushless exciter armature side fault on-line detection device embodiment comprises: the device comprises a collecting unit, a calculating unit and a judging unit. Wherein:
and the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current of the exciter exciting winding.
A calculating unit for obtaining the exciting winding current from the collecting unit and calculating the DC component I thereofDCTotal number of each integer sub-harmonic IΣTotal amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣAnd the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣCalculating IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ、I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ、I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ、I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ。
Wherein, the total amount of each integer harmonic IΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
IΣ＝F(Ij)；
wherein, IjThe effective value of each integral harmonic component in the exciter exciting winding current is j equal to 1,2, …, N is a natural number, and F (I)j) Is a reaction ofjThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function. The effective value of the harmonic component can be calculated by a Fourier algorithm function, an instantaneous sampling operation function, a half-wave integral operation function or a full-wave integral operation function.
Total number of odd harmonics I1ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I1Σ＝F(I2n+1)；
wherein, I2n+1For each odd harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n+1) Is a reaction of2n+1The related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value solving function or an average value solving function;
total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I2Σ＝F(I2n)；
wherein, I2nFor each even-numbered harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n) Is a reaction of2nThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function.
A judging unit for when IDCSet _ I greater than thresholdDCThen, the following criteria are identified:
criterion 1: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ KΣIf so, judging that the armature side is abnormal;
criterion 2: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ KΣAnd the ratio K12ΣIs greater than a fixed threshold Set1_ K12ΣIf so, judging that one tube of the armature side rotating diode is open;
criterion 3: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set2_ K12ΣJudging that one phase or multiple phases of the armature side rotating diode are open;
criterion 4: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set3_ K12ΣAnd judging that the armature side armature winding is in turn short circuit. Wherein, the threshold Set1_ K2ΣLess than Set2_ K2Σ。
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of an on-line detecting device for armature side fault of a brushless exciter, which comprises: the device comprises a collecting unit, a calculating unit, a judging unit and an action unit. Wherein:
and the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current of the exciter exciting winding.
A calculating unit for obtaining the exciting winding current from the collecting unit and calculating the DC component I thereofDCTotal number of each integer sub-harmonic IΣTotal amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣAnd the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣCalculating IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ、I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ、I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ、I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ。
Wherein, the total amount of each integer harmonic IΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
IΣ＝F(Ij)；
wherein, IjThe effective value of each integral harmonic component in the exciter exciting winding current is j equal to 1,2, …, N is a natural number, and F (I)j) Is a reaction ofjThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function. The effective value of the harmonic component can be calculated by a Fourier algorithm function, an instantaneous sampling operation function, a half-wave integral operation function or a full-wave integral operation function.
Total number of odd harmonics I1ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I1Σ＝F(I2n+1)；
wherein, I2n+1For each odd harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n+1) Is a reaction of2n+1The related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value solving function or an average value solving function;
total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I2Σ＝F(I2n)；
wherein, I2nFor each even-numbered harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n) Is a reaction of2nThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function.
A judging unit for when IDCSet _ I greater than thresholdDCThen, the following criteria are identified:
criterion 1: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ KΣIf so, judging that the armature side is abnormal;
criterion 2: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ KΣAnd the ratio K12ΣIs greater than a fixed threshold Set1_ K12ΣIf so, judging that one tube of the armature side rotating diode is open;
criterion 3: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set2_ K12ΣJudging that one phase or multiple phases of the armature side rotating diode are open;
criterion 4: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set3_ K12ΣAnd judging that the armature side armature winding is in turn short circuit.
And the action unit is used for giving an alarm or acting on tripping through corresponding preset time delay when any one of the criteria 1-4 in the judgment unit is met.
Based on the device, the invention also provides a first embodiment of the online detection method for the armature side fault of the brushless exciter, which comprises the following steps:
s110: collecting exciter exciting winding current, calculating its DC component IDCTotal number of each integer sub-harmonic IΣTotal amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣAnd the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2Σ。
S120: calculation of IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ、I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ、I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ、I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ。
S130: when I isDCSet _ I greater than thresholdDCAnd then, carrying out the following criterion identification:
criterion 1: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ KΣIf so, judging that the armature side is abnormal;
criterion 2: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ KΣAnd the ratio K12ΣIs greater than a fixed threshold Set1_ K12ΣIf so, judging that one tube of the armature side rotating diode is open;
criterion 3: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set2_ K12ΣJudging that one phase or multiple phases of the armature side rotating diode are open;
criterion 4: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set3_ K12ΣAnd judging that the armature side armature winding is in turn short circuit.
The invention discloses an embodiment of a brushless exciter armature side fault online detection method, which comprises the following steps:
s210: collecting exciter exciting winding current, calculating its DC component IDCTotal number of each integer sub-harmonic IΣTotal amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣAnd the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2Σ。
S220: calculation of IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ、I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ、I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ、I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ。
Wherein, the total amount of each integer subharmonic IΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
IΣ＝F(Ij)；
wherein, IjThe effective value of each integral harmonic component in the exciter exciting winding current is j equal to 1,2, …, N is a natural number, and F (I)j) Is a reaction ofjThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function. The effective value of the harmonic component can be calculated by a Fourier algorithm function, an instantaneous sampling operation function, a half-wave integral operation function or a full-wave integral operation function.
Total number of odd harmonics I1ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I1Σ＝F(I2n+1)；
wherein, I2n+1For each odd harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n+1) Is a reaction of2n+1Related fortuneAnd the calculation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function.
Wherein the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I2Σ＝F(I2n)；
wherein, I2nFor each even-numbered harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n) Is a reaction of2nThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function.
S230: when I isDCSet _ I greater than thresholdDCAnd then, carrying out the following criterion identification:
criterion 1: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ KΣIf so, judging that the armature side is abnormal;
criterion 2: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ KΣAnd the ratio K12ΣIs greater than a fixed threshold Set1_ K12ΣIf so, judging that one tube of the armature side rotating diode is open;
criterion 3: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set2_ K12ΣJudging that one phase or multiple phases of the armature side rotating diode are open;
criterion 4: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set3_ K12ΣAnd judging that the armature side armature winding is in turn short circuit. Wherein, the threshold Set1_ K2ΣLess than Set2_ K2Σ。
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a method for online detecting a fault on an armature side of a brushless exciter according to the present invention, which includes the following steps:
s310: collecting exciter exciting winding current, calculating its DC component IDCTotal number of each integer sub-harmonic IΣTotal amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣAnd the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2Σ。
S320: calculation of IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ、I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ、I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ、I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ。
Wherein, the total amount of each integer subharmonic IΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
IΣ＝F(Ij)；
wherein, IjThe effective value of each integral harmonic component in the exciter exciting winding current is j equal to 1,2, …, N is a natural number, and F (I)j) Is a reaction ofjThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function. The effective value of the harmonic component can be calculated by a Fourier algorithm function, an instantaneous sampling operation function, a half-wave integral operation function or a full-wave integral operation function.
Total number of odd harmonics I1ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I1Σ＝F(I2n+1)；
wherein, I2n+1For each odd harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n+1) Is a reaction of2n+1The related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function.
Wherein the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I2Σ＝F(I2n)；
wherein, I2nFor each even-numbered harmonic component effective value in the exciter field winding current,
n is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n) Is a reaction of2nThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function.
S330: when I isDCSet _ I greater than thresholdDCAnd then, carrying out the following criterion identification:
criterion 1: if KΣGreater than thresholdConstant value Set1_ KΣIf so, judging that the armature side is abnormal;
criterion 2: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ KΣAnd the ratio K12ΣIs greater than a fixed threshold Set1_ K12ΣIf so, judging that one tube of the armature side rotating diode is open;
criterion 3: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set2_ K12ΣJudging that one phase or multiple phases of the armature side rotating diode are open;
criterion 4: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set3_ K12ΣAnd judging that the armature side armature winding is in turn short circuit. Wherein, the threshold Set1_ K2ΣLess than Set2_ K2Σ。
S340: and if any one of the criteria 1-4 in the step S330 is met, giving an alarm or acting on tripping through corresponding preset time delay.
Taking a certain 22.3kVA exciter moving model as an example, the pole pair number is 5, the phase number is 11, and the rated frequency is 80 Hz. The generation of a rectifier rotating diode one-tube open circuit fault on the armature side of the exciter is simulated, and the specific explanation is given.
Firstly, setting a device fixed value: set _ IDC＝0.5A，Set1_KΣ＝1.00％，Set2_KΣ＝1.00％，Set1_K12Σ＝50％，t1＝t2＝0.5s。
(1) Test 1: and simulating the open circuit of a single diode of the No. 1 upper bridge arm.
Step 1: real-time collecting exciter exciting winding current, calculating DC component IDC＝2.923A；
Preferably, a fourier algorithm is adopted to calculate effective values of each integer subharmonic component, and the effective values of the fundamental wave, the 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 subharmonic components are respectively as follows:
I1＝0.023A，I2＝0.017A，I3＝0.011A，I4＝0.010A，I5＝0.009A，I6＝0.003A，I220.000A; wherein, I1Is the fundamental component, corresponding to 80 Hz; i is22 harmonic components, corresponding to 160 Hz; i is33 harmonics, corresponding to 240 Hz; i is6Is 6 th harmonic, corresponding to 480 Hz; i is2222 harmonics corresponding to 1760Hz, I when the exciter is in normal operation22＝0.000A。
Step 2: preferably, a summation formula is adopted to calculate the total quantity I of each integer subharmonicΣ、I1Σ、I2Σ：
IΣ＝I1+I2+I3+I4+I5+I6＝0.073A；
Calculating the total amount I of each odd harmonic1Σ：
I1Σ＝I1+I3+I5＝0.043A；
Calculating the total amount I of each even-numbered harmonic2Σ：
I2Σ＝I2+I4+I6＝0.030A；
Calculation of IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ：
KΣ＝IΣ/IDC＝0.073/2.923×100％＝2.50％>Set1_KΣ＝Set2_KΣ＝1.00％；
Calculation of I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ：
K1Σ＝I1Σ/IDC＝0.043/2.923×100％＝1.47％；
Calculation of I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ：
K2Σ＝I2Σ/IDC＝0.030/2.923×100％＝1.02％；
Calculation of I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ：
K12Σ＝I1Σ/I2Σ＝0.043/0.030×100％＝143％>Set1_K12Σ＝50％。
And step 3: due to IDC>Set_IDC＝0.5A，KΣ＝2.50％>Set1_KΣ＝Set2_KΣ＝1.00％，K12Σ＝143％>Set1_K12Σ50%, and simultaneously meets the criteria 1 and 2, so that the device reports an armature side signal and an armature side rotating diode one-tube open circuit signal after 0.5s of delay.
As in case I220.000A, and normal operation of exciter I22The resolution is not large when being equal to 0.000A, and the invention has higher resolution by considering factors such as zero drift error of a measuring loop and the like.
(2) Test 2: and the current of the excitation winding is reduced, and the open circuit of a single diode of the No. 1 upper bridge arm is simulated.
Step 1: real-time collecting exciter exciting winding current, calculating DC component IDC＝2.174A；
Preferably, a fourier algorithm is adopted to calculate effective values of each integer subharmonic component, and the effective values of the fundamental wave, the 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 subharmonic components are respectively as follows:
I1＝0.016A，I2＝0.013A，I3＝0.009A，I4＝0.008A，I5＝0.007A，I6＝0.003A，I220.001A; wherein, I1Is the fundamental component, corresponding to 80 Hz; i is22 harmonic components, corresponding to 160 Hz; i is33 harmonics, corresponding to 240 Hz; i is6Is 6 th harmonic, corresponding to 480 Hz; i is2222 harmonics corresponding to 1760Hz, I when the exciter is in normal operation22＝0.000A。
Step 2: preferably, a summation formula is adopted to calculate the total quantity I of each integer subharmonicΣ、I1Σ、I2Σ：
IΣ＝I1+I2+I3+I4+I5+I6＝0.055A；
Calculating the total amount I of each odd harmonic1Σ：
I1Σ＝I1+I3+I5＝0.032A；
Calculating the total amount I of each even-numbered harmonic2Σ：
I2Σ＝I2+I4+I6＝0.023A；
Note that: to obtain IΣ、I1Σ、I2ΣAn overall effective value function may also be used, such as:
calculation of IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ：
KΣ＝IΣ/IDC＝0.055/2.174×100％＝2.53％>Set1_KΣ＝Set2_KΣ＝1.00％；
Calculation of I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ：
K1Σ＝I1Σ/IDC＝0.032/2.174×100％＝1.47％；
Calculation of I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ：
K2Σ＝I2Σ/IDC＝0.023/2.174×100％＝1.06％；
Calculation of I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ：
K12Σ＝I1Σ/I2Σ＝0.032/0.023×100％＝139％>Set1_K12Σ＝50％。
And step 3: due to IDC>Set_IDC＝0.5A，KΣ＝2.53％>Set1_KΣ＝Set2_KΣ＝1.00％，K12Σ＝139％>Set1_K12Σ50%, and simultaneously meets the criteria 1 and 2, so that the device reports an armature side signal and an armature side rotating diode one-tube open circuit signal after 0.5s of delay.
As in case I220.001A, and normal operation of exciter I22The resolution is not large when being equal to 0.000A, and the invention has higher resolution by considering factors such as zero drift error of a measuring loop and the like.
(3) Conclusion
It can be seen from experiments 1 and 2 that under different excitation winding current conditions, the harmonic component increases with the increase of the excitation winding direct current component, and is in a certain proportional relationship.
When the ratio of harmonic current to DC current is adopted, KΣThe increase of (2.50-2.53)/2.53 multiplied by 100 percent is 1.2 percent; if the fault identification is realized by judging the size of the named value, IΣThe ratio of (0.073-0.055)/0.073 × 100% is reduced to 24.6%, so that compared with the method adopting the ratio of harmonic current to direct current, the action numerical value is obvious, and the method has the advantages of being not easily influenced by working conditions and high sensitivity.
(4) Similarly, other types of open circuit faults and armature side winding turn-to-turn short circuit faults of the exciter armature side rectifier are simulated, and the specific implementation mode is the above type, and are not described again.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An on-line detection device for armature side fault of brushless exciter, comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the current of the exciter exciting winding;
a calculating unit for obtaining the exciting winding current from the collecting unit and calculating the DC component I thereofDCTotal number of each integer sub-harmonic IΣTotal amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣAnd the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣCalculating IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ、I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ、I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ、I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ；
A judging unit for when IDCSet _ I greater than thresholdDCThen, the following criteria are identified:
criterion 1: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ KΣIf so, judging that the armature side is abnormal;
criterion 2: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ KΣAnd the ratio K12ΣIs greater than a fixed threshold Set1_ K12ΣIf so, judging that one tube of the armature side rotating diode is open;
criterion 3: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set2_ K12ΣJudging that one phase or multiple phases of the armature side rotating diode are open;
criterion 4: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set3_ K12ΣAnd judging that the armature side armature winding is in turn short circuit.
2. A brushless exciter armature side fault on-line detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
and the action unit is used for giving an alarm or acting on tripping through corresponding preset time delay when any one of the criteria 1-4 in the judgment unit is met.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the threshold Set1_ K is Set2ΣLess than Set2_ K2Σ。
4. A brushless exciter armature side fault on-line detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: total number of the integer harmonics IΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
IΣ＝F(Ij)；
wherein, IjThe effective value of each integral harmonic component in the exciter exciting winding current is j equal to 1,2, …, N is a natural number, and F (I)j) Is a reaction ofjThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value solving function or an average value solving function;
total amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I1Σ＝F(I2n+1)；
wherein, I2n+1The effective value of each odd harmonic component in the exciter exciting winding current is N is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n+1) Is a reaction of2n+1The related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value solving function or an average value solving function;
total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I2Σ＝F(I2n)；
wherein, I2nThe effective value of each even harmonic component in the exciter field winding current is that N is 1,2, …, N is a natural number, and F (I)2n) Is a reaction of2nThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function.
5. A brushless exciter armature side fault on-line detection apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the harmonic component effective value is calculated by a Fourier algorithm function, an instantaneous sampling operation function, a half-wave integral operation function or a full-wave integral operation function.
6. An online fault detection method for an armature side of a brushless exciter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1) collecting exciter exciting winding current and calculating direct current component I thereofDCTotal number of each integer sub-harmonic IΣTotal amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣAnd the total number of even-numbered harmonics I2Σ；
Step (2) calculating IΣAnd IDCRatio K ofΣ、I1ΣAnd IDCRatio K of1Σ、I2ΣAnd IDCRatio K of2Σ、I1ΣAnd I2ΣRatio K of12Σ；
Step (3) when IDCSet _ I greater than thresholdDCAnd then, carrying out the following criterion identification:
criterion 1: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ KΣIf so, judging that the armature side is abnormal;
criterion 2: if KΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ KΣAnd the ratio K12ΣIs greater than a fixed threshold Set1_ K12ΣIf so, judging that one tube of the armature side rotating diode is open;
criterion 3: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set1_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set2_ K12ΣJudging that one phase or multiple phases of the armature side rotating diode are open;
criterion 4: if K2ΣIs greater than the threshold Set2_ K2ΣAnd the ratio K12ΣLess than a fixed threshold Set3_ K12ΣAnd judging that the armature side armature winding is in turn short circuit.
7. A brushless exciter armature side fault on-line detection method as claimed in claim 6, further comprising step (4): and (4) if any one of the criteria 1-4 in the step (3) is met, giving an alarm or acting on tripping through corresponding preset time delay.
8. A method of on-line detection of armature side fault in brushless exciter according to claim 6, wherein the threshold Set value Set1_ K2ΣLess than Set2_ K2Σ。
9. A brushless exciter armature side fault on-line detection method as claimed in claim 6, wherein: total number of each integer subharmonic IΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
IΣ＝F(Ij)；
wherein, IjThe effective value of each integral harmonic component in the exciter exciting winding current is j equal to 1,2, …, N is a natural number, and F (I)j) Is a reaction ofjThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value solving function or an average value solving function;
total amount of each odd harmonic I1ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I1Σ＝F(I2n+1)；
wherein, I2n+1For exciting windings of exciterEach odd harmonic component in the group current has effective value, N is 1,2, …, N is natural number, F (I)2n+1) Is a reaction of2n+1The related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value solving function or an average value solving function;
total number of even-numbered harmonics I2ΣThe calculation formula is as follows:
I2Σ＝F(I2n)；
wherein, I2nThe effective value of each even harmonic component in the exciter field winding current is that N is 1,2, …, N is a natural number, and F (I)2n) Is a reaction of2nThe related operation function adopts a summation function, a total effective value calculation function or an average value calculation function.
10. A brushless exciter armature side fault on-line detection method as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the harmonic component effective value is calculated by a Fourier algorithm function, an instantaneous sampling operation function, a half-wave integral operation function or a full-wave integral operation function.
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