CN112985822B - Air inlet channel test device for simulating coupling effect of air inlet channel and fan - Google Patents

Air inlet channel test device for simulating coupling effect of air inlet channel and fan Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112985822B
CN112985822B CN202110421540.7A CN202110421540A CN112985822B CN 112985822 B CN112985822 B CN 112985822B CN 202110421540 A CN202110421540 A CN 202110421540A CN 112985822 B CN112985822 B CN 112985822B
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China
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air inlet
support
inlet channel
transmission shaft
fan
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CN112985822A (en
Inventor
范长海
张诣
陶洋
林俊
杜宁
熊能
郭秋亭
杨海滨
涂青
郭旦平
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Ultra High Speed Aerodynamics Institute China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
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Ultra High Speed Aerodynamics Institute China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/14Testing gas-turbine engines or jet-propulsion engines
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/02Details or accessories of testing apparatus

Abstract

The invention discloses an air inlet channel test device for simulating coupling effect of an air inlet channel and a fan. The air inlet channel test device comprises an air inlet channel, a support rod and a long transmission shaft air motor which are sequentially connected; the supporting rod is positioned on the central axis of the inner cavity of the air inlet channel, and the front end of the rod body of the supporting rod is sleeved with the stator and the ring-type bracket in sequence; a cross bracket for supporting and fixing the air inlet channel is arranged on the front cone of the ring-shaped bracket; the rear end of the rod body of the supporting rod extends out of the air inlet channel and is fixedly connected with a shell of the long transmission shaft air motor; the long transmission shaft of the long transmission shaft air motor sequentially penetrates through the rod body of the supporting rod and the air inlet from back to front and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the fan at the front part of the inner cavity of the air inlet, and the high-pressure air turbine of the long transmission shaft air motor drives the long transmission shaft to drive the fan to rotate. The air inlet channel test device is used for evaluating the pneumatic performance of an air inlet channel in the preliminary design and detailed design stages, and solves the problems that the air input of the existing air inlet channel test equipment is insufficient, the coupling effect of the air inlet channel and a fan cannot be simulated, and the size of a model is small.

Description

Air inlet channel test device for simulating coupling effect of air inlet channel and fan
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of turbofan engines, and particularly relates to an air inlet channel test device for simulating coupling action of an air inlet channel and a fan.
Background
To achieve excellent economy, large aircraft employ high bypass ratio turbofan engines to significantly reduce engine specific fuel consumption. The air inlet channel is an important component of an aircraft power device and is positioned at the front end of an engine, the performance of the engine and the performance of the aircraft are directly related to the quality of the design performance of the air inlet channel, on one hand, the requirement of matching the flow of the engine and the air inlet channel is met, the internal flow quality of the outlet section of the air inlet channel is ensured, and the thrust loss of the engine and the reduction of the stable working range of the engine are avoided; on the other hand, reasonable pressure distribution of outflow needs to be ensured, and airflow separation under a large attack angle working condition is avoided.
However, as the bypass ratio of the engine is continuously increased, the size of the fan and the volume of the air inlet of the engine are also continuously increased, the coupling effect between the air inlet and the fan cannot be ignored, the influence of the performance of the air inlet on the characteristics of the engine is increased day by day, and the importance of the optimal design of the air inlet is gradually highlighted. In order to accurately evaluate the aerodynamic performance of the air inlet and verify the result of the numerical simulation optimization method of the air inlet, a single air inlet test with dynamic simulation is generally required to be carried out in a wind tunnel, the performance of the air inlet of an engine under different working conditions is obtained, and wind tunnel test data is provided for further improvement and design of the engine.
Currently, there is a need to develop an inlet testing device for simulating the coupling effect between the inlet and the fan.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an air inlet testing device for simulating the coupling effect of an air inlet and a fan.
The invention relates to an air inlet test device for simulating the coupling effect of an air inlet and a fan, which is characterized in that the air inlet test device comprises an air inlet, a support rod and a long transmission shaft air motor which are sequentially connected;
the air inlet comprises an air inlet front part and an air inlet rear part which are assembled through step end faces, the air inlet front part and the air inlet rear part are radially positioned through pins penetrating through the step end faces, and the air inlet further comprises a cross support annular groove positioned on the inner wall of the air inlet rear part;
the supporting rod is positioned on the central axis of the inner cavity of the air inlet channel and comprises a rod body and a protective cover which is covered on the rear part of the rod body and used for protecting a cable; the front end of the rod body of the supporting rod is sleeved with a stator and a ring-type bracket in sequence from front to back; an isolation gap is arranged between the stator and the ring-type bracket; the ring-type support is fixed on the rod body of the supporting rod in a key positioning thread tensioning mode, the rear end face of the ring-type support and a flange at the middle end face of the rod body of the supporting rod are tensioned through screws, and a cross-shaped support for supporting and fixing an air inlet channel is arranged on a front cone of the ring-type support; the rear end of the rod body of the supporting rod extends out of the air inlet channel and is fixedly connected with a shell of the long transmission shaft air motor through a rear end face flange;
the long transmission shaft air motor comprises a long transmission shaft positioned on the central axis of the long transmission shaft air motor, a high-pressure air turbine driving the long transmission shaft and a shell protecting and supporting the high-pressure air turbine; the long transmission shaft sequentially penetrates through the rod body of the support rod and the air inlet from back to front, the front end of the long transmission shaft is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of a fan positioned in the front of an inner cavity of the air inlet, and a plurality of groups of ball bearings arranged in series are sleeved on the long transmission shaft to limit the long transmission shaft to drive the fan to rotate on a central axis of the long transmission shaft air motor;
the cross-shaped support is provided with an inner ring and an outer ring which are coaxial, the inner ring and the outer ring are fixedly connected through a cross-shaped distributed support, the inner cavity of the inner ring is a conical surface matched with a taper sleeve at the front end of the ring-shaped support, and the outer ring is clamped and fixed in an annular groove of the cross-shaped support; the left, right, lower and upper 4 pillars of the cross-shaped bracket are respectively a left bracket, a right bracket, a lower bracket and an upper bracket;
the front part of the air inlet channel is provided with a pressure measuring rake fixed in front of the fan;
the air inlet channel, the pressure measuring rake, the fan, the stator, the ring type support, the cross support, the support rod and the long transmission shaft air motor are coaxial.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the air inlet channel is provided with an annular groove at the position corresponding to the fan and the stator, and a sealing coating is sprayed in the annular groove.
Furthermore, the pressure measuring harrow is a rice-shaped pressure measuring harrow.
Furthermore, the windward sides of the left support, the right support, the lower support and the upper support of the cross support are airfoil surfaces with symmetrical appearance.
Furthermore, the middle end face flange and the rear end face flange of the supporting rod are provided with uniformly distributed U-shaped wiring grooves, the pressure measuring hose of the pressure measuring rake is placed on the surface of the rod body through the U-shaped wiring grooves, and then the protective cover is covered to obtain protection.
Further, the stator is provided with guide vanes which have the same rotating direction with the blades of the fan.
Furthermore, the air inlet channel test device is provided with a lubricating system which is used for lubricating and cooling the ball bearing; the lubricating system adopts a closed-loop self-circulation mode, and no waste oil is discharged into a wind tunnel test section; under the action of an oil supply pump, lubricating oil of a lubricating system flows out of a lubricating oil tank, enters a lubricating oil radiator for cooling, then passes through an observation window, a fine oil filter and an oil supply stop valve, enters a long transmission shaft air motor lubricating bearing according with pressure and temperature requirements, then flows to the bottom of a bearing cavity formed by a rod body of a supporting rod under the action of gravity, continuously lubricates a ball bearing, then is respectively sucked by a front oil return pump and a rear oil return pump, and finally returns to the lubricating oil tank through a magnetic chip foam signal device after passing through the oil return stop valve and the coarse oil filter.
Furthermore, the air inlet channel test device is provided with a health monitoring system, the health monitoring system collects and transmits the rotating speed and the acceleration signal of the fan and the temperature signal of the long transmission shaft to the air tunnel control system in real time, and the long transmission shaft air motor is ensured to run safely through PID feedback control.
The air inlet channel test device for simulating the coupling effect of the air inlet channel and the fan simulates free incoming flow through the flow field of the wind tunnel; the air motor with a long transmission shaft drives the fan to rotate so as to control the inlet flow of the air inlet channel; the pressure measuring harrow is arranged in front of the fan, so that the research on the performance of the air inlet and the coupling effect of the air inlet/the fan is developed.
The air inlet test device for simulating the coupling effect of the air inlet and the fan can be used for evaluating the pneumatic performance of the air inlet in the initial design and detailed design stages, and solves the problems that the existing air inlet test device is insufficient in air inflow, cannot simulate the coupling effect of the air inlet and the fan, and is small in model size.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an inlet testing apparatus for simulating coupling between an inlet and a fan according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cross-shaped bracket in an inlet testing device for simulating the coupling of an inlet and a fan according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a stator in an inlet testing apparatus for simulating the coupling of an inlet and a fan according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, an air inlet 3, a pressure measuring rake 4, a ring-type bracket 5, a fan 6, a cross bracket 7, a long transmission shaft air motor 8, a support rod 9, a ball bearing 10, a stator 11 and a middle bracket are arranged;
101. the front part 102 of the air inlet, the rear part 103 of the air inlet and a cross bracket annular groove;
601. left bracket 602, right bracket 603, lower bracket 604, inner ring 605, outer ring 606, upper bracket;
701. long drive shaft 702, high pressure air turbine 703, housing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The housing 703 of the long drive shaft air motor 7 of the air inlet channel test device for simulating the coupling effect between the air inlet channel and the fan in the embodiment is fixedly connected with the middle bracket 11 of the wind tunnel through a flange.
As shown in FIG. 1, the air inlet test device for simulating the coupling effect of the air inlet and the fan comprises an air inlet 1, a support rod 8 and a long transmission shaft air motor 7 which are connected in sequence;
the air inlet 1 comprises an air inlet front part 101 and an air inlet rear part 102 which are assembled through step end faces, the air inlet front part 101 and the air inlet rear part 102 are radially positioned through pins penetrating through the step end faces, and the air inlet further comprises a cross support annular groove 103 positioned on the inner wall of the air inlet rear part 102;
the supporting rod 8 is positioned on the central axis of the inner cavity of the air inlet channel 1, and the supporting rod 8 comprises a rod body and a protective cover which is covered on the rear part of the rod body and used for protecting a cable; the front end of the rod body of the supporting rod 8 is sleeved with a stator 10 and a ring-type bracket 4 in sequence from front to back; an isolation gap is arranged between the stator 10 and the ring-type support 4; the ring-type support 4 is fixed on the rod body of the support rod 8 in a key positioning thread tensioning mode, the rear end face of the ring-type support 4 and a flange at the middle end face of the rod body of the support rod 8 are tensioned through screws, and a cross-shaped support 6 for supporting and fixing the air inlet channel 1 is installed on a front cone of the ring-type support 4; the rear end of the rod body of the supporting rod 8 extends out of the air inlet 1 and is fixedly connected with a shell 703 of the long transmission shaft air motor 7 through a rear end face flange;
the long transmission shaft air motor 7 comprises a long transmission shaft 701 positioned on the central axis of the long transmission shaft air motor 7, a high-pressure air turbine 702 driving the long transmission shaft 701 and a shell 703 protecting and supporting the high-pressure air turbine 702; the long transmission shaft 701 sequentially penetrates through the rod body of the support rod 8 and the air inlet 1 from back to front, the front end of the long transmission shaft 701 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of a fan 5 positioned in the front of an inner cavity of the air inlet 1, and a plurality of groups of ball bearings 9 which are arranged in series are sleeved on the long transmission shaft 701 to limit the long transmission shaft 701 to drive the fan 5 to rotate on a central axis of the long transmission shaft air motor 7;
as shown in fig. 2, the cross-shaped bracket 6 is provided with an inner ring 604 and an outer ring 605 which are coaxial, the inner ring 604 and the outer ring 605 are fixedly connected through a cross-shaped distributed bracket, the inner cavity of the inner ring 604 is a conical surface which is matched with a taper sleeve at the front end of the ring-type bracket 4, and the outer ring 605 is clamped and fixed in the annular groove 103 of the cross-shaped bracket; the left, right, lower and upper 4 pillars of the cross-shaped bracket are respectively a left bracket 601, a right bracket 602, a lower bracket 603 and an upper bracket 606;
the front part 101 of the air inlet is provided with a pressure measuring rake 3 fixed in front of the fan 5;
the air inlet channel 1, the pressure measuring rake 3, the fan 5, the stator 10, the ring-type support 4, the cross-shaped support 6, the support rod 8 and the long transmission shaft air motor 7 are coaxial.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the air inlet channel 1 is provided with an annular groove at the position corresponding to the fan 5 and the stator 10, and a sealing coating is sprayed in the annular groove.
Further, the pressure measuring harrow 3 is a rice-shaped pressure measuring harrow.
Furthermore, the windward surfaces of the left bracket 601, the right bracket 602, the lower bracket 603 and the upper bracket 606 of the cross bracket 6 are airfoil surfaces with symmetrical appearance.
Furthermore, the middle end face flange and the rear end face flange of the supporting rod 8 are provided with uniformly distributed U-shaped wiring grooves, the pressure measuring hose of the pressure measuring rake 3 is placed on the surface of the rod body through the U-shaped wiring grooves, and then the protective cover is covered to obtain protection.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the stator 10 is provided with guide vanes in the same rotational direction as the blades of the fan 5.
Furthermore, the air inlet channel test device is provided with a lubricating system which is used for lubricating and cooling the ball bearing 9; the lubricating system adopts a closed-loop self-circulation mode, and no waste oil is discharged into a wind tunnel test section; under the action of an oil supply pump, lubricating oil of a lubricating system flows out of a lubricating oil tank, enters a lubricating oil radiator for cooling, then passes through an observation window, a fine oil filter and an oil supply stop valve, enters a long transmission shaft air motor 7 for lubricating a bearing according with pressure and temperature requirements, then flows to the bottom of a bearing cavity formed by a rod body of a supporting rod 8 under the action of gravity, continuously lubricates a ball bearing 9, then is respectively pumped by a front oil return pump and a rear oil return pump, and finally returns to the lubricating oil tank through a magnetic scrap foam signal device after passing through the oil return stop valve and a coarse oil filter.
Furthermore, the air inlet channel test device is provided with a health monitoring system, the health monitoring system collects and transmits the rotating speed and acceleration signals of the fan 5 and the temperature signal of the long transmission shaft 701 to the air tunnel control system in real time, and the long transmission shaft air motor 7 is ensured to run safely through PID feedback control.
The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed as the preferred embodiments, but not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention and make various extensions and changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An air inlet channel test device for simulating the coupling effect of an air inlet channel and a fan is characterized by comprising an air inlet channel (1), a support rod (8) and a long transmission shaft air motor (7) which are sequentially connected;
the air inlet (1) comprises an air inlet front part (101) and an air inlet rear part (102) which are assembled through step end faces, the air inlet front part (101) and the air inlet rear part (102) are radially positioned through pins penetrating through the step end faces, and the air inlet further comprises a cross support annular groove (103) positioned on the inner wall of the air inlet rear part (102);
the supporting rod (8) is positioned on the central axis of the inner cavity of the air inlet channel (1), and the supporting rod (8) comprises a rod body and a protective cover which is covered at the rear part of the rod body and used for protecting a cable; the front end of the rod body of the supporting rod (8) is sleeved with a stator (10) and a ring-type bracket (4) in sequence from front to back; an isolation gap is arranged between the stator (10) and the ring-type support (4); the ring-type support (4) is fixed on the rod body of the support rod (8) in a tightening mode through key positioning threads, the rear end face of the ring-type support (4) and a flange at the middle end face of the rod body of the support rod (8) are tightened through screws, and a cross-shaped support (6) for supporting and fixing the air inlet channel (1) is installed on a front cone of the ring-type support (4); the rear end of the rod body of the supporting rod (8) extends out of the air inlet channel (1) and is fixedly connected with a shell (703) of the long transmission shaft air motor (7) through a rear end face flange;
the long transmission shaft air motor (7) comprises a long transmission shaft (701) positioned on the central axis of the long transmission shaft air motor (7), a high-pressure air turbine (702) driving the long transmission shaft (701) and a shell (703) protecting and supporting the high-pressure air turbine (702); the long transmission shaft (701) sequentially penetrates through the rod body of the support rod (8) and the air inlet (1) from back to front, the front end of the long transmission shaft (701) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of a fan (5) positioned in the front of the inner cavity of the air inlet (1), a plurality of groups of ball bearings (9) which are arranged in series are sleeved on the long transmission shaft (701) to limit the long transmission shaft (701) to drive the fan (5) to rotate on the central axis of the long transmission shaft air motor (7);
the cross support (6) is provided with an inner ring (604) and an outer ring (605) which are coaxial, the inner ring (604) and the outer ring (605) are fixedly connected through a cross-shaped distributed support, the inner cavity of the inner ring (604) is a conical surface assembled with a taper sleeve at the front end of the ring-type support (4), and the outer ring (605) is clamped and fixed in the annular groove (103) of the cross support; the left support (601), the right support (602), the lower support (603) and the upper support (606) are respectively arranged on the left support, the right support, the lower support and the upper support of the cross-shaped support;
the front part (101) of the air inlet is provided with a pressure measuring rake (3) fixed in front of the fan (5);
the air inlet channel test device is provided with a lubricating system which is used for lubricating and cooling the ball bearing (9); the lubricating system adopts a closed-loop self-circulation mode, and no waste oil is discharged into a wind tunnel test section; under the action of an oil supply pump, lubricating oil of a lubricating system flows out of a lubricating oil tank, enters a lubricating oil radiator for cooling, then passes through an observation window, a fine oil filter and an oil supply stop valve, enters a long transmission shaft air motor (7) for lubricating a bearing, flows to the bottom of a bearing cavity formed by a rod body of a support rod (8) under the action of gravity, continuously lubricates a ball bearing (9), is respectively sucked by a front oil return pump and a rear oil return pump, and finally returns to the lubricating oil tank through a magnetic chip foam signal device after passing through the oil return stop valve and a coarse oil filter;
the air inlet channel (1), the pressure measuring rake (3), the fan (5), the stator (10), the ring-type support (4), the cross-shaped support (6), the support rod (8) and the long transmission shaft air motor (7) are coaxial.
2. The air inlet test device for simulating the coupling effect of the air inlet and the fan as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the air inlet (1) is provided with an annular groove at a position corresponding to the fan (5) and the stator (10), and a sealing coating is sprayed in the annular groove.
3. The air inlet test device for simulating the coupling effect of the air inlet and the fan as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure measuring rake (3) is a pressure measuring rake shaped like a Chinese character 'mi'.
4. The air inlet test device for simulating the coupling effect of the air inlet and the fan as claimed in claim 1, wherein the windward surfaces of the left support (601), the right support (602), the lower support (603) and the upper support (606) of the cross support (6) are airfoil surfaces with symmetrical shapes.
5. The air inlet test device for simulating the coupling effect of the air inlet and the fan as claimed in claim 1, wherein the middle end face flange and the rear end face flange of the supporting rod (8) are provided with uniformly distributed U-shaped wiring grooves, and the pressure measuring hose of the pressure measuring rake (3) is placed on the surface of the rod body through the U-shaped wiring grooves and then covered with the protective cover to obtain protection.
6. The inlet test device for simulating the coupling effect of the inlet and the fan as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stator (10) is provided with guide vanes which rotate in the same direction as the blades of the fan (5).
7. The air inlet channel test device for simulating the coupling effect of the air inlet channel and the fan as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air inlet channel test device is provided with a health monitoring system, the health monitoring system collects and transmits a rotating speed signal and an acceleration signal of the fan (5) and a temperature signal of the long transmission shaft (701) to the air tunnel control system in real time, and the long transmission shaft air motor (7) is ensured to run safely through PID feedback control.
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