CN112985201A - Preparation method of energetic film Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device with strong ignition capability - Google Patents

Preparation method of energetic film Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device with strong ignition capability Download PDF

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CN112985201A
CN112985201A CN202110166763.3A CN202110166763A CN112985201A CN 112985201 A CN112985201 A CN 112985201A CN 202110166763 A CN202110166763 A CN 202110166763A CN 112985201 A CN112985201 A CN 112985201A
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azide
bridge wire
explosive device
initiating explosive
film
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CN112985201B (en
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张文超
陈俊宏
俞春培
陈亚杰
杨格行
宋长坤
王嘉鑫
刘佳琪
邬润辉
先明春
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/12—Primers; Detonators electric
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
    • C06C7/02—Manufacture; Packing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
    • C25D13/02—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process with inorganic material

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an energy-containing thin film Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device with strong ignition capability. The energy-containing thin film Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device is obtained by integrating an energy-containing thin film loaded with cuprous azide with a Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device in an assembling mode, specifically, a copper source is electrochemically deposited on a conductive carbon framework, the cuprous azide thin film is obtained through a liquid-solid azide method, and the cut cuprous azide thin film and the bridge wire initiating explosive device are integrally fixed by utilizing a bridge wire initiating explosive device pressing cap. The method is simple and efficient, cuprous azide on the energy-containing film is uniformly distributed on the carbon fibers, the integrated Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device can generate high-temperature composite flame in the ignition process by loading the cuprous azide film, the output energy of the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device is improved, the ignition capability of secondary charging is enhanced, the electrostatic sensitivity is reduced, and the method has the characteristics of high output capability and high safety.

Description

Preparation method of energetic film Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device with strong ignition capability
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive devices, and relates to a preparation method of an energetic film Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device with strong ignition capacity.
Background
The Ni-Cr bridge wire is a transducer element for converting electric energy into heat energy, and is commonly used for devices for converting electric energy into medicament ignition energy, such as weapons and ignition and separation devices of aerospace vehicles. With the development of the initiating explosive device technology, the application of the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device is greatly limited due to low output energy and long action time.
In order to enhance the ignition capability of Ni-Cr bridgewire initiating explosive devices, it is common to load a layer of energetic agent on the surface of the Ni-Cr bridgewire, wherein the most common agent is azide of copper. Copper azide is used as an energetic material with high energy density, the initiation power of the copper azide is higher than that of the traditional initiating explosive stevens acid lead and lead azide, the ultimate explosive quantity of the copper azide for initiating the explosive is only 1/6 of stevens acid lead, the explosive loading quantity of sensitive medicaments can be effectively reduced, and the safety is improved. Copper azide has the advantages of high energy output, environmental friendliness and the like, but the copper azide has high electrostatic sensitivity and cannot be produced and applied on a large scale.
YeYinghua et al (Wang Q, Han J, Zhang Y, et al. the simulation of Copper Azide Film through Metal-Organic Framework for Micro-Initiator Applications [ J ]. ACS applied materials & interfaces,2019,11(8):8081-8088.) by in situ deposition of porous Copper, and obtaining a Ni-Cr bridge wire Micro-igniter loaded with Copper Azide by means of gas-solid corrosion. The electrostatic sensitivity is greatly reduced, the electrostatic safety is improved, but the ignition flame is small and is not obviously improved.
WenchaoZhang et al (Yu C, Zhang W, Guo S, et al, A safe and effective liquid synthesis for co-coater azides films with excellent electric stability [ J ]. Nano Energy,2019,66:104135.) obtained a copper azide-loaded Pt-W bridge wire lighter by a liquid-solid azide method using in-situ copper deposition. The output capacity of the compounded Pt-W bridge wire initiating explosive device is greatly improved, the ignition capacity is more excellent, and the flame height is about 5 mm.
The research shows that the conductive framework material can effectively transfer charges and reduce the generation of static electricity, thereby improving the antistatic capability of the copper azide material; the azide of copper can improve the output capacity of the bridge wire initiating explosive device. However, the above method has significant drawbacks. The in-situ synthesis is carried out in a humid or even liquid environment, and has certain corrosion effect on the Ni-Cr bridge wire. In addition, the Ni-Cr bridge wire has small size, so the in-situ synthesis operation is troublesome.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an energetic film Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device with strong ignition capacity, which has simple process, low cost and high safety.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the energetic film Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device with strong ignition capability adopts a conductive carbon skeleton to uniformly load a copper source, completes azidation of a precursor through liquid-solid electrochemical assistance, and assembles and integrates a cuprous azide film and a traditional Ni-Cr bridge wire, and comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, using water as a solvent, copper sulfate pentahydrate as a copper source, sodium chloride and sodium citrate dihydrate as additives, using a conductive carbon skeleton as a cathode electrode, and coating a copper layer (Cu-C) on the conductive carbon skeleton by adopting a two-step electrophoretic deposition mode;
step 2, completing the azidation of the conductive carbon skeleton loaded with the copper source under the electrifying condition by taking the conductive carbon skeleton coated with the copper layer as an anode electrode and taking an aqueous solution of azide salt as an electrolyte to obtain a cuprous azide film;
and step 3, assembling and integrating the cuprous azide film and the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device, and fixing the cuprous azide film and the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device by using a Ni-Cr bridge wire pressing cap.
In step 1, the conductive carbon skeleton is a conductive carbon skeleton material conventionally used in the art, and in the specific embodiment of the invention, the conductive carbon skeleton is carbon fiber paper.
Preferably, in the step 1, the concentration of the copper sulfate pentahydrate is 0.01-0.2 mol/L.
Preferably, in the step 1, the concentrations of the sodium chloride and the sodium citrate dihydrate are both 1-5 mmol/L.
Preferably, in step 1, the parameters of the two-step electrophoretic deposition are as follows: the current density is 1-5 mA/cm2The deposition time is 15-30 min; the current density is 20-40 mA/cm2The deposition time is 5-10 min.
In the step 2, azide of the conductive framework loaded copper source is completed by using migration of azide ions under current stimulation, and uniform distribution of copper azide crystals in the conductive framework is realized. Preferably, the azide salt is sodium azide or potassium azide, and the concentration of the azide salt is 0.01-1 mol/L.
Preferably, in step 2, the energization condition may be a constant voltage or constant current mode; when a constant current mode is adopted, the current density is 0.5-5 mA/cm2The nitridization time is 10 min-50 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the conductive carbon skeleton is adopted to uniformly load copper azide, so that the agglomeration of cuprous azide is effectively avoided, the generation of static electricity is reduced, in addition, the conductive skeleton can effectively transfer charge, and the accumulation of static electricity is reduced, thereby improving the antistatic capability;
(2) the energy-containing film and the Ni-Cr bridge wire are very convenient to assemble and integrate, the process is simple, the cost is low, and the obtained energy-containing film Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device has the advantages of high safety and high output energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD spectrum of a conductive framework supported cuprous azide material.
FIG. 2 is an FTIR spectrum of a conductive framework supported cuprous azide material.
FIG. 3 is an XPS spectrum of a conductive framework supported cuprous azide material.
Fig. 4 is an SEM image of a conductive framework supported cuprous azide material.
Fig. 5 is a comparison graph of electrostatic sensitivity of a conductive framework loaded cuprous azide material.
FIG. 6 is a photograph of an ignition high speed of an energetic thin film Ni-Cr bridgewire initiating explosive device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and drawings, and the embodiments of the present invention are only illustrative and not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device of the energetic film comprises the following specific steps:
step one, deionized water is used as a solvent, 0.1M copper sulfate solution is prepared, sodium chloride and sodium citrate dihydrate with the concentration of 5mM are added, carbon paper is used as a cathode electrode, a two-step electrophoretic deposition mode is adopted to coat a copper layer on the carbon fiber paper, and the electrophoretic parameter is firstly 3mA/cm2The deposition time is 25min, and the subsequent 30mA/cm2Depositing for 5 min;
step two, taking the Cu-C obtained in the step one as an anode, taking 0.02M sodium azide aqueous solution as electrolyte and controlling the current density to be 2mA/cm2Carrying out nitrine reaction for 30min, washing and drying to obtain a cuprous azide film;
and step three, assembling and integrating the cut cuprous azide film and the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device, and fixing the cuprous azide film and the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device by using a Ni-Cr bridge wire pressing cap.
Example 2
The preparation method of the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device of the energetic film comprises the following specific steps:
step one, deionized water is used as a solvent to prepare 0.2M copper sulfate solution, sodium chloride and sodium citrate dihydrate with the concentration of 5mM are added, carbon paper is used as a cathode electrode, a copper layer is coated on the carbon fiber paper in a two-step electrophoretic deposition mode, and the electrophoretic parameter is 1mA/cm at first2The deposition time is 30min, and the subsequent 20mA/cm2Depositing for 10 min;
step two, taking the Cu-C obtained in the step one as an anode, taking 0.01M sodium azide aqueous solution as electrolyte and controlling the current density to be 5mA/cm2Carrying out nitrine reaction for 10min, washing and drying to obtain a cuprous azide film;
and step three, assembling and integrating the cut cuprous azide film and the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device, and fixing the cuprous azide film and the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device by using a Ni-Cr bridge wire pressing cap.
Example 3
The preparation method of the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device of the energetic film comprises the following specific steps:
step one, deionized water is used as a solvent, 0.05M copper sulfate solution is prepared, sodium chloride and sodium citrate dihydrate with the concentration of 1mM are added, carbon paper is used as a cathode electrode, a two-step electrophoretic deposition mode is adopted to coat a copper layer on the carbon fiber paper, and the electrophoretic parameter is 5mA/cm at first2The deposition time is 15min, and the later time is 40mA/cm2Depositing for 5 min;
step two, taking the Cu-C obtained in the step one as an anode, taking 0.02M sodium azide aqueous solution as electrolyte and controlling the current density to be 3mA/cm2Carrying out nitrine reaction for 20min, washing and drying to obtain a cuprous azide film;
and step three, assembling and integrating the cut cuprous azide film and the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device, and fixing the cuprous azide film and the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device by using a Ni-Cr bridge wire pressing cap.
Example 4
Characterization by XRD
Taking the sample of example 1 as an example, fig. 1 is an XRD spectrum before and after azidation of the corresponding sample. It can be obviously seen that the strong characteristic peak of cuprous azide is increased after the azide reaction.
Characterization by FTIR
Taking the sample of example 1 as an example, fig. 2 is an FTIR spectrum of the corresponding sample. It is obvious that 2035cm-1And 2079cm-1Exist ofTwo strong characteristic peaks, which are typical asymmetric characteristic peaks belonging to the nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond, 1295cm-1And 1338cm-1There are two weaker characteristic peaks, typical of symmetrical characteristic peaks belonging to the triple bond of nitrogen and nitrogen, at 668cm-1Characteristic peaks belonging to Cu-N appear.
XPS characterization
Taking the sample of example 1 as an example, fig. 3 is an XPS chart of the corresponding sample. The characteristic peak belonging to N1s appears at 399eV and is split into two peaks belonging to N3 -The small peaks of the radicals are respectively located at 397.6eV and 401.5 eV.
SEM characterization
Taking the sample of example 1 as an example, fig. 4 is an SEM image of the corresponding sample. It can be obviously seen that the copper source loaded on the carbon skeleton has obvious azide reaction, and the flower-shaped cuprous azide formed by the middle lamella is uniformly distributed on each fiber.
5. Degree of electrostatic sensitivity
Taking the sample of example 1 as an example, fig. 5 is a graph comparing the electrostatic sensitivity of the corresponding sample with the electrostatic sensitivity of a portion of the published copper azide. It is obvious that cuprous azide loaded on a carbon skeleton has excellent electrostatic sensitivity, and 50% ignition energy of the cuprous azide reaches 4.81 mJ.
6. Ignition test of Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device containing energy film
Taking the sample in the embodiment 1 as an example, fig. 6 is an ignition diagram after assembling and integrating the corresponding sample and the Ni-Cr bridge wire, and it can be obviously seen that the flame strength of the integrated Ni-Cr bridge wire containing the energy film is greatly improved, the flame height reaches 10mm, and the lower-level charging capability is enhanced.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is essentially the same as example 1, except that the parameters of the two-step electrophoretic deposition process in step one are different, the electrophoretic parameters being the first 10mA/cm2The deposition time is 10min, and the later time is 40mA/cm2And (4) deposition is carried out for 5min, and the result shows that the copper layer on the carbon fiber is not uniformly wrapped and is distributed in a large copper particle agglomeration mode, so that the nitridization in the step two is not facilitated.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example and example 1Essentially the same, the only difference being the parameters of the two-step electrophoretic deposition process in step one, the electrophoretic parameters being first 2mA/cm2The deposition time is 10min, and the subsequent 15mA/cm2It was deposited for 5 min. The results show that the copper layer on the carbon fiber is thin and uneven in wrapping, which is not favorable for the nitridization in the second step.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is essentially the same as example 1, except that the parameters for the azidation of the copper layer in step two were different at a current density of 8mA/cm2The azide time was 5 min. The result shows that most of cuprous azide products loaded on the carbon fibers fall off, only a little cuprous azide remains on the fibers, the loading capacity of the energetic material of the energetic film is extremely low, and the ignition performance of the subsequent energetic Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device is influenced.

Claims (8)

1. The preparation method of the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device with the energetic film and the strong ignition capability is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
step 1, using water as a solvent, copper sulfate pentahydrate as a copper source, sodium chloride and sodium citrate dihydrate as additives, using a conductive carbon skeleton as a cathode electrode, and coating a copper layer on the conductive carbon skeleton by adopting a two-step electrophoretic deposition mode;
step 2, completing the azidation of the conductive carbon skeleton loaded with the copper source under the electrifying condition by taking the conductive carbon skeleton coated with the copper layer as an anode electrode and taking an aqueous solution of azide salt as an electrolyte to obtain a cuprous azide film;
and step 3, assembling and integrating the cuprous azide film and the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device, and fixing the cuprous azide film and the Ni-Cr bridge wire initiating explosive device by using a Ni-Cr bridge wire pressing cap.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the conductive carbon skeleton is carbon fiber paper.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the copper sulfate pentahydrate in step 1 is 0.01-0.2 mol/L.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the concentration of the sodium chloride or the sodium citrate dihydrate is 1-5 mmol/L.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the parameters of the two-step electrophoretic deposition are: the current density is 1-5 mA/cm2The deposition time is 15-30 min; the current density is 20-40 mA/cm2The deposition time is 5-10 min.
6. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the azide salt is sodium azide or potassium azide, and the concentration of the azide salt is 0.01-1 mol/L.
7. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the energization condition is a constant voltage or constant current mode.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, when the energization condition is a constant current mode, the current density is 0.5 to 5mA/cm2The nitridization time is 10 min-50 min.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114923377A (en) * 2022-05-08 2022-08-19 南京理工大学 Copper azide micro-initiating explosive forming method based on 3D printing
CN116462560A (en) * 2023-04-26 2023-07-21 中国万宝工程有限公司 Copper azide and cadmium azide carbon fiber composite initiating explosive and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114923377A (en) * 2022-05-08 2022-08-19 南京理工大学 Copper azide micro-initiating explosive forming method based on 3D printing
CN114923377B (en) * 2022-05-08 2023-08-22 南京理工大学 Copper azide micro-initiating explosive forming method based on 3D printing
CN116462560A (en) * 2023-04-26 2023-07-21 中国万宝工程有限公司 Copper azide and cadmium azide carbon fiber composite initiating explosive and preparation method thereof

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