CN112985049A - Safe and controllable electric arc tin smelting furnace - Google Patents
Safe and controllable electric arc tin smelting furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112985049A CN112985049A CN202110371031.8A CN202110371031A CN112985049A CN 112985049 A CN112985049 A CN 112985049A CN 202110371031 A CN202110371031 A CN 202110371031A CN 112985049 A CN112985049 A CN 112985049A
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- electrode
- automatic control
- control system
- winch
- arc
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- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
A safe and controllable electric arc tin melting furnace comprises a furnace body, electrode arms, electrode bars, an upright post, a winch and an automatic control system; the automatic control system comprises an arc detection element and a PLC signal processing system; the working current for smelting the solid materials set in the PLC signal processing system is 5000 amperes; the automatic control system also comprises a material collapse pre-detection system and a protection system. The invention ensures safety from various angles, is environment-friendly and energy-saving, is convenient to operate, has high reliability and high sensitivity of an automatic control system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric arc smelting furnaces, in particular to a safe and controllable electric arc tin smelting furnace.
Background
The conventional winch type electrode adjustment basically adopts a manual mode, and a professional operator needs to manually operate the winch to rotate forward and backward according to the current of each electrode in the furnace during smelting so as to control the lifting position of the electrode and achieve the purpose of adjusting power. The mode has poor stability and slow reaction, can only be lifted singly, is inconvenient to operate, occupies human resources, is difficult to find the problem that whether the electrode rod reaches the furnace bottom or the furnace top through manual operation, is easy to cause the safety problems of burning out a motor and the like due to improper operation, and can not find or expect the occurrence of the material collapse condition in the furnace in time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a safe and controllable electric arc tin melting furnace, which comprises a furnace body, an electrode arm, an electrode bar, an upright post, a winch and an automatic control system, wherein the electrode arm is arranged on the furnace body;
the electrode arm is arranged on the upright column along the horizontal direction and is provided with a pulley and a clamping device;
the electrode bar is vertically arranged on the electrode arm through a clamping device and is inserted into the furnace body;
the winch comprises a frequency converter, a motor and a speed reducer; the rotating speed of the winch is 0-970 r/min; the winch is connected to the electrode arm through a steel wire rope and drives the electrode rod to lift up and down through a transmission mode of a speed reducer, the steel wire rope, a pulley and a clamping device.
The automatic control system comprises an arc detection element and a PLC signal processing system; the arc detection elements comprise arc flow and arc voltage high-precision detection elements which are uniformly distributed at each position in the furnace body; the working current for smelting the solid materials set in the automatic control system is 5000 amperes; the highest electrode lifting speed of the automatic control system is 2-4.5 m/min; the current regulation range of the automatic control system is 25-130% IH(rated current of transformer).
The automatic control system also comprises a protection system, wherein the protection system comprises an induction coil device arranged at the bottom of the electrode rod and at a position corresponding to the furnace body, and a circuit induction device arranged on the motor. The protection functions implemented by the protection system include: the automatic stopping is carried out when the electrode is at the top, when the electrode is at the bottom, the automatic stopping is carried out when furnace burden is not conductive, the automatic stopping is carried out when the electrode is not long enough, and the automatic stopping is carried out in a single direction (descending) and the automatic recovery is carried out when the electrode is not long enough; the motor is automatically stopped in the absence of phase.
The automatic control system also comprises a collapse pre-detection system, and the collapse pre-detection system is arranged between the arc detection element and the PLC signal processing system; the collapse pre-detection system monitors the current and the voltage which are received by the arc detection element and change in a stepped mode.
Furthermore, the automatic control system also comprises a collapse pre-detection system, and the collapse pre-detection system is arranged between the arc detection element and the PLC signal processing system; the collapse pre-detection system monitors the current and the voltage which are received by the arc detection element and change in a stepped mode. Collapse preliminary testing system principle: when the material collapses in the furnace, the current conducted by the electrode bar received by the residual solid material is relatively increased, so that the current is suddenly increased, the arc detection system detects a signal of the drastic change of the current of the solid material and sends the signal to the material collapse pre-detection system, the material collapse pre-detection system immediately sends an emergency processing signal to the PCL signal processing system after judging that the material collapse condition is met, and each system performs corresponding emergency processing.
Further, the PLC signal processing system receives input signals from an arc detection element, a collapse pre-detection system, a protection system, and the like, where the input signals include: current, voltage step, protection signal and other switching values.
Further, the PLC signal processing system outputs signals to a frequency converter of the winch, and the output signals comprise: lifting signals, frequency signals and stop signals.
Furthermore, a frequency converter of the winch controls the rotating speed and direction of the motor and the speed reducer according to an output signal received from the PCL signal processing system, and further controls the lifting direction and the lifting speed of the electrode rod through a steel wire rope.
Further, the motor of the winch is a horizontal motor, the speed reducer of the winch is a turbine speed reducer, and the steel wire rope is a roller steel wire rope.
Furthermore, the rotating part of the upright post adopts a rolling bearing.
Further, the protection system also comprises a tension detector arranged on the steel wire rope, and once the PCL signal processing system receives the condition that the signal of the tension detector fluctuates sharply, the electrode rod is stopped to operate (can only operate in the reverse direction), and meanwhile, an audible and visual alarm is given out.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the safe and controllable electric arc tin melting furnace provided by the invention has the advantages of high safety, environmental protection, energy conservation, convenience in operation, high reliability and high sensitivity of an automatic control system; the electrode can be manually and automatically controlled to ascend and descend, the smelting current is kept stable, meanwhile, the electrode has a function of pre-detecting the collapsed material and a function of protecting, when the collapsed material just begins to form, the collapsed material can be detected, and corresponding measures are taken: firstly, the electrode bar is quickly raised by starting in advance, secondly, the maximum automatic lifting speed is much higher than that of a common control system manufactured according to professional standards, the time for separating the electrode from the furnace charge is short, thirdly, the reaction is timely, when the collapse is finished, the short-circuit current falls back, the high speed is timely removed, and the electric arc cannot be broken; therefore, tripping of a high-voltage switch and breakage of furnace burden on an electrode can be effectively avoided, a transformer power supply system is protected, and safety of a power grid is guaranteed; a reliable protection system for the motor and the electrode is also designed, and the problem of burning out the motor is solved from five protection links; and finally, detecting the tension of the steel wire rope, and stopping the electrode from running once the tension is abnormal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a safe and controllable electric arc tin-melting furnace provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a safe and controllable electric arc tin-melting furnace provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operating principle of the automated control system of the present invention;
description of the drawings: 1. a winch; 2. a wire rope; 3. a column; 4. an electrode arm; 5. a furnace body; 6. a cable; 7. a transformer; 8. short networks.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Examples
A safe and controllable electric arc tin melting furnace comprises a furnace body, electrode arms, electrode bars, an upright post, a winch and an automatic control system;
the electrode arm is arranged on the upright column along the horizontal direction and is provided with a pulley and a clamping device;
the electrode bar is vertically arranged on the electrode arm through a clamping device and is inserted into the furnace body; the current flows from the transformer to the electrode bar through the network and the cable, the electrode bar is contacted with the solid material in the furnace body, and the current does work when passing through the solid material with high resistivity according to the heat effect of the current, so that heat is generated, and the solid material is heated and melted into liquid material and then reacts; the liquid material does not need to be electrified by the electrode rod any more, and the position of the electrode rod needs to be lifted away from the liquid material; discharging the reaction product from a discharge hole arranged below the furnace body;
the winch comprises a frequency converter, a motor and a speed reducer; the rotating speed of the winch is 0-970 r/min; the winch is connected to the electrode arm through a steel wire rope and drives the electrode rod to lift up and down through a transmission mode of a speed reducer, the steel wire rope, a pulley and a clamping device.
The automatic control system comprises an arc detection element and a PLC signal processing system; the arc detection elements comprise arc flow and arc voltage high-precision detection elements which are uniformly distributed at each position in the furnace body; the working current for smelting the solid materials set in the automatic control system is 5000 amperes; the highest electrode lifting speed of the automatic control system is 2-4.5 m/min; the current regulation range of the automatic control system is 25-130% IH(rated current of transformer).
The automatic control system also comprises a protection system, wherein the protection system comprises an induction coil device arranged at the bottom of the electrode rod and at a position corresponding to the furnace body, and a circuit induction device arranged on the motor. The protection functions implemented by the protection system include: the automatic stopping is carried out when the electrode is at the top, when the electrode is at the bottom, the automatic stopping is carried out when furnace burden is not conductive, the automatic stopping is carried out when the electrode is not long enough, and the automatic stopping is carried out in a single direction (descending) and the automatic recovery is carried out when the electrode is not long enough; the motor is automatically stopped in the absence of phase.
The automatic control system also comprises a collapse pre-detection system, and the collapse pre-detection system is arranged between the arc detection element and the PLC signal processing system; the collapse pre-detection system monitors the current and the voltage which are received by the arc detection element and change in a stepped mode. The working principle of the collapse pre-detection system is as follows: in the smelting process, when the material collapses in the furnace, the current conducted by the electrode bar received by the residual solid material is relatively increased, so that the current is suddenly increased, the current is short-circuited, the electric arc detection system detects a signal of drastic change of the current of the solid material and sends an emergency signal to the material collapse pre-detection system, the material collapse pre-detection system immediately sends an emergency processing signal to the PLC signal processing system after judging that the material collapse condition is met, and the PLC signal system sends a fastest lifting signal. When the collapse line is to be finished, the short-circuit current falls back to contact the high speed in time, and the electric arc cannot be broken; therefore, tripping of the high-voltage switch and breakage of furnace burden on the electrode can be effectively avoided, a transformer power supply system is protected, and safety of a power grid is guaranteed.
The PLC signal processing system receives input signals from an arc detection element, a collapse pre-detection system, a protection system and the like, wherein the input signals comprise: current, voltage step, protection signal and other switching values.
PLC signal processing system gives the converter of hoist engine with signal output, and output signal includes: lifting signals, frequency signals and stop signals.
And the frequency converter of the winch controls the rotating speed and direction of the motor and the speed reducer according to the output signal of the PCL signal processing system, and further controls the lifting direction and the lifting speed of the electrode rod through the steel wire rope.
The motor of the winch is a horizontal motor, the speed reducer of the winch is a turbine speed reducer, and the steel wire rope is a roller steel wire rope.
The rotating part of the upright post adopts a rolling bearing.
The working conditions of the control system are as follows: the altitude is not more than 1000 m, the ambient temperature is not more than 40 ℃, and the relative humidity is not more than 85%.
And finally, the protection system also comprises a tension detector arranged on the steel wire rope, and once the PCL signal processing system receives the condition that the signal of the tension detector fluctuates sharply, the electrode rod is stopped to operate (can only operate in the reverse direction), and simultaneously, an audible and visual alarm is given out.
Finally, it should be noted that: it should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A safe and controllable electric arc tin melting furnace is characterized by comprising a furnace body, electrode arms, electrode bars, stand columns, a winch and an automatic control system;
the electrode arm is arranged on the upright column along the horizontal direction and is provided with a pulley and a clamping device;
the electrode rod is vertically arranged on the electrode arm through a clamping device and is inserted into the furnace body;
the winch comprises a frequency converter, a motor and a speed reducer; the rotating speed of the winch is 0-970 r/min; the winch is connected to the electrode arm through a steel wire rope and drives the electrode rod to lift up and down through a transmission mode of a speed reducer, the steel wire rope, a pulley and a clamping device;
the automatic control system comprises an arc detection element and a PLC signal processing system; the arc detection elements comprise arc flow and arc voltage high-precision detection elements which are uniformly distributed at each position in the furnace body; the working current for smelting the solid materials set in the automatic control system is 5000 amperes; the maximum electrode lifting speed of the automatic control system is 2-4.5 m/min; the current regulation range of the automatic control system is 25-130% IH(rated current of transformer);
the automatic control system further comprises a protection system, wherein the protection system comprises an induction coil device arranged at the bottom of the electrode rod and at a position corresponding to the furnace body, and a circuit induction device arranged on the motor.
2. The safe and controllable electric arc tin melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the automatic control system further comprises a slump pre-detection system, the slump pre-detection system is arranged between the electric arc detection element and the PLC signal processing system; the collapse pre-detection system monitors the current and the voltage which are received by the arc detection element and change in a stepped mode.
3. A safety controlled arc furnace as claimed in claim 2 wherein the PLC signal processing system receives input signals from arc detection elements, slump pre-detection systems, protection systems and the like, the input signals including: current, voltage step, protection signal and other switching values.
4. A safety and controllable electric arc tin melting furnace as claimed in claim 3, wherein said PLC signal processing system outputs signals to a frequency converter of a hoist, said output signals comprising: lifting signals, frequency signals and stop signals.
5. The safe and controllable electric arc tin melting furnace as claimed in claim 4, wherein the frequency converter of the winch controls the rotation speed and direction of the motor and the speed reducer according to the output signal received from the PCL signal processing system, and further controls the lifting direction and the lifting speed of the electrode rod through the steel wire rope.
6. The safe and controllable electric arc tin melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the motor of the winch is a horizontal motor, the speed reducer of the winch is a turbine speed reducer, and the steel wire rope is a roller steel wire rope.
7. A furnace as claimed in claim 1 in which the rotatable portion of the column is a roller bearing.
8. A safety and controlled arc furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein said protection system further comprises a tension detector disposed on the wire rope.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110371031.8A CN112985049A (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | Safe and controllable electric arc tin smelting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110371031.8A CN112985049A (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | Safe and controllable electric arc tin smelting furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112985049A true CN112985049A (en) | 2021-06-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110371031.8A Pending CN112985049A (en) | 2021-04-07 | 2021-04-07 | Safe and controllable electric arc tin smelting furnace |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102252516A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-11-23 | 宝鸡铠丰科技发展有限公司 | Novel fused magnesia smelting electric arc furnace |
| CN211531366U (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-09-18 | 河南和成无机新材料股份有限公司 | Automatic lifting device for electrode bar of electric arc furnace |
| CN215832438U (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-02-15 | 广东汉合有色金属有限公司 | Safe and controllable electric arc tin smelting furnace |
-
2021
- 2021-04-07 CN CN202110371031.8A patent/CN112985049A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102252516A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-11-23 | 宝鸡铠丰科技发展有限公司 | Novel fused magnesia smelting electric arc furnace |
| CN211531366U (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-09-18 | 河南和成无机新材料股份有限公司 | Automatic lifting device for electrode bar of electric arc furnace |
| CN215832438U (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-02-15 | 广东汉合有色金属有限公司 | Safe and controllable electric arc tin smelting furnace |
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