CN112983355B

CN112983355B - Reducing paraffin scraper

Info

Publication number: CN112983355B
Application number: CN201911307232.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马纪翔; 段宝玉; 张倩倩; 王丽娜; 杨永祥; 熊巍; 郝丽
Original assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Current assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-18
Filing date: 2019-12-18
Publication date: 2022-06-03
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-18
Also published as: CN112983355A

Abstract

The utility model provides a reducing paraffin scraper belongs to oil field exploitation technical field. Wax ware is scraped to reducing includes fixed subassembly, the reducing subassembly, scrape wax subassembly and transmission assembly, fixed subassembly includes center tube and gland, the reducing subassembly includes the diameter and adjusts the support, jackscrew and diameter regulation section of thick bamboo, it all includes the knife rest support and scrapes the wax piece to scrape the wax subassembly, the knife rest support is located the top that the diameter adjusted the support, the fixed suit of knife rest support is on the center tube, it articulates between knife rest support and diameter regulation support to scrape the wax piece, transmission assembly includes elastic component and transfer line, the one end of elastic component is fixed on the periphery wall of center tube, the other end of elastic component offsets with the bottom that the support was adjusted to the diameter, the coaxial cartridge of transfer line slidable is in the inside of center tube. The variable-diameter paraffin scraper in the embodiment can flexibly adjust the paraffin scraping diameter range of the blade of the variable-diameter paraffin scraper, improves the operation efficiency and reduces the labor cost.

Description

Reducing paraffin scraper

Technical Field

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of oilfield exploitation, and particularly relates to a variable-diameter paraffin scraper.

Background

The wax is normally mixed with the crude oil in a liquid state under formation conditions, but in the process of producing the crude oil, the wax dissolving capacity of the crude oil is reduced along with the change of temperature and pressure, the wax starts to crystallize, separate out and aggregate, and the aggregated wax is continuously deposited to block oil pipes in oil wells, so that the production of the oil wells is directly influenced. Therefore, the wax control and wax removal of the oil well is an important technical measure for ensuring the normal production of the wax-containing crude oil.

In the related art, mechanical paraffin removal is generally adopted for paraffin removal of an oil well, and the mechanical paraffin removal method is mainly used for performing paraffin removal operation on the oil well by using tools such as a paraffin scraper. The conventional wax scraper generally comprises a wax scraping part and a central rod, wherein the wax scraping part comprises two annular blades which are connected through a connecting sheet, and the two annular blades are sleeved on the central rod and can rotate around the central rod. Above wax scraper inserts well pole into the paraffin of oil pipe inner wall when scraping wax, scrapes wax scraper through the pulling back and forth, utilizes to scrape the paraffin of wax spare with the oil pipe inner wall and strikes off.

However, when the wax scraper is used for scraping wax, the wax accumulation of the wax scraper is less and less during the wax scraping process, and the wax scraping range of the wax scraper cannot be automatically adjusted, so that the wax accumulated in the oil pipe cannot be completely scraped in the later period of wax scraping, and the wax scraper needs to be repeatedly put into the oil pipe, so that the wax scraping efficiency is low, and the wax cleaning time is long.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a reducing paraffin scraper, which can automatically adjust the paraffin scraping range and improve the paraffin scraping efficiency. The technical scheme is as follows:

the embodiment of the disclosure provides a variable-diameter paraffin scraper which comprises a fixing assembly, a variable-diameter assembly, a paraffin scraping assembly and a transmission assembly,

the fixed assembly comprises a central pipe and a gland, and the gland is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the central pipe close to the top;

the diameter-variable assembly comprises a diameter adjusting support, a jackscrew and a diameter adjusting cylinder, the diameter adjusting cylinder is rotatably and coaxially sleeved on the central pipe, the diameter adjusting cylinder and the central pipe are clamped together in an axial limiting manner, the diameter adjusting support is movably sleeved outside the diameter adjusting cylinder, one end of the jackscrew is fixedly inserted into the inner wall of the diameter adjusting support, the other end of the jackscrew is movably inserted into the outer wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder, and the diameter adjusting cylinder is configured to adjust the axial position of the jackscrew on the diameter adjusting cylinder according to the axial reciprocating movement of the jackscrew on the diameter adjusting cylinder;

the wax scraping assembly comprises a tool rest support and a wax scraping piece, the tool rest support is positioned above the diameter adjusting support, the tool rest support is fixedly sleeved on the central pipe, the wax scraping piece is hinged between the tool rest support and the diameter adjusting support, and the wax scraping piece has toughness;

the transmission assembly comprises an elastic part and a transmission rod, one end of the elastic part is fixed on the peripheral wall of the central tube, the other end of the elastic part abuts against the bottom end of the diameter adjusting support, the transmission rod is slidably and coaxially inserted into the central tube, the bottom of the transmission rod is installed with the diameter adjusting support, and the top of the transmission rod is installed with the gland.

In one implementation manner of the present disclosure, a plurality of adjusting tracks and transition tracks are circumferentially disposed on an outer peripheral wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder, one transition track is disposed between every two adjacent adjusting tracks, each adjusting track includes a first track, a second track and a connecting track, the first track and the second track both extend along an axial direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder, the first track is close to a top of the diameter adjusting cylinder, the second track is close to a bottom of the diameter adjusting cylinder, a bottom end of the first track and a top end of the second track are communicated through the connecting track, a top end of each first track is gradually close to the top of the diameter adjusting cylinder and has an increased length, the first track closest to the top of the diameter adjusting cylinder is adjacent to the first track farthest from the top of the diameter adjusting cylinder, one end of the transition track is communicated with the joint of the first track and the connecting track, and the other end of the transition track is communicated with the joint of the second track and the connecting track.

In another implementation manner of the present disclosure, the first rail includes a first inner sidewall and a second inner sidewall both extending along an axial direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder, a length of the first inner sidewall is greater than a length of the second inner sidewall, each of the first inner sidewall and the second inner sidewall is alternately arranged for a circle and gradually decreased in length along a circumferential direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder, the length of the first rail is gradually decreased in a circle along the circumferential direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder, the second rail includes a third inner sidewall and a fourth inner sidewall both extending along the axial direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder, a length of the third inner sidewall is greater than a length of the fourth inner sidewall, each of the third inner sidewall and the fourth inner sidewall is alternately arranged for a circle along the circumferential direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder, the connecting rail includes a fifth inner sidewall and a sixth inner sidewall, the fifth inner sidewall and the sixth inner sidewall are respectively close to a top and a bottom of the diameter adjusting cylinder and are relatively arranged for a circle, and the fifth inner sidewall and the sixth inner sidewall are respectively close to the top and the bottom of the diameter adjusting cylinder and are relatively arranged for a circle along the circumference of the diameter adjusting cylinder The transition tracks comprise seventh inner side walls and eighth inner side walls, the seventh inner side walls and the eighth inner side walls are close to the top and the bottom of the diameter adjusting cylinder respectively and are arranged in parallel relatively, the central axis of the first track is intersected with the corresponding eighth inner side walls of the transition tracks, the central axis of the transition tracks is intersected with the corresponding third inner side walls of the second tracks, the central axis of the second tracks is intersected with the corresponding fifth inner side walls of the connection tracks, and the central axis of the connection tracks is intersected with the corresponding first inner side walls of the first tracks.

In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the wax scraping assembly further includes an intermediate support slidably fitted over the central tube and located between the tool rest support and the diameter adjusting support, and the wax scraping assembly includes two wax scraping members, one of which is hinged between the tool rest support and the intermediate support and the other of which is hinged between the intermediate support and the diameter adjusting support.

In another implementation manner of the present disclosure, each of the two wax scraping members includes a plurality of tool holders and wax scraping blades corresponding to the tool holders one by one, the tool holders are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the central tube, the wax scraping blades are respectively fixed to the middle portions of the corresponding tool holders, the tool holder of one wax scraping member is hinged between the tool holder support and the intermediate support, and the tool holder of the other wax scraping member is hinged between the intermediate support and the diameter adjusting support.

In yet another embodiment of the disclosure, the tool holders of the two wax scrapers are arranged in a staggered manner in the circumferential direction of the central tube.

In another implementation manner of the present disclosure, the reducing assembly further includes a limit clamp spring, the limit clamp spring is clamped on the outer wall of the central tube, a limit protrusion is arranged on the outer wall of the central tube, and the diameter adjusting cylinder is clamped between the limit clamp spring and the limit protrusion.

In another implementation manner of the present disclosure, the diameter adjusting support includes an adjusting seat and an end cover, the adjusting seat is movably sleeved outside the diameter adjusting cylinder, the end cover is movably sleeved outside the center tube, the end cover is assembled on the bottom end of the adjusting seat in a threaded manner, and the end cover abuts against the elastic member.

In another implementation manner of the present disclosure, the pressing cover includes a pressing sleeve and a reducer union, the pressing sleeve and the reducer union are both sleeved on the central tube, a top end of the reducer union is fixedly connected with a bottom end of the pressing sleeve, and an inner wall of the reducer union is mounted together with a top of the transmission rod.

In still another implementation manner of the present disclosure, the top end of the central tube is provided with a rope cap for connecting a steel wire, and the rope cap is located in the gland.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following beneficial effects:

through the reducing paraffin scraper that this disclosed embodiment provided, when carrying out the paraffin removal operation to the oil-water well, transfer this reducing paraffin scraper in the oil-water well through the lubricator, drive through the weight bar of center tube bottom and scrape the wax operation to the oil-water well down, when the paraffin scraping scope of paraffin scraper is adjusted to needs, can lift the center tube of reducing paraffin scraper, drive this reducing paraffin scraper whole and go upward to oil-water well department, the gland that until being located the center tube top receives the backstop of oil-water well department wellhead assembly, and the center tube is continued to be lifted. Since the top of the transmission rod is mounted with the gland, the transmission rod and the gland move together downward relative to the central tube. Because the bottom of the transmission rod is mounted with the diameter adjusting support, the transmission rod drives the diameter adjusting support to move downwards relative to the central tube together and extrude the elastic element. Meanwhile, the jackscrew fixedly inserted on the inner wall of the diameter adjusting support also moves downwards relative to the central tube, and the jackscrew moves downwards on the outer wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder until the central tube is stopped by the wellhead device due to the clamping of the diameter adjusting cylinder and the central tube in an axial limiting way. Then, the central tube is properly lowered, the diameter adjusting support reversely moves upwards under the action of the compressed elastic piece, the transmission rod and the gland reversely move upwards together, and the jackscrew installed on the diameter adjusting support upwards moves on the outer wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder, so that the axial reciprocating movement of the jackscrew on the diameter adjusting cylinder is realized.

Since the diameter adjusting cylinder is configured to adjust the axial position of the jack screw on the diameter adjusting cylinder in accordance with the axial reciprocating movement of the jack screw on the diameter adjusting cylinder, the axial position of the jack screw on the diameter adjusting cylinder is changed, that is, the axial position of the diameter adjusting support on the center pipe is changed. And because the axial position of the tool rest support on the central pipe is always unchanged, the relative axial distance between the diameter adjusting support and the tool rest support is changed, so that the wax scraping piece hinged between the tool rest support and the diameter adjusting support is extruded and deformed due to toughness of the wax scraping piece, and the wax scraping range of the wax scraping piece is adjusted.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a variable diameter wax scraper provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a plan expanded view of a diameter adjustment cartridge provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at A;

fig. 4 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at B.

The symbols in the figures represent the following:

1. a fixing assembly; 11. a central tube; 111. a limiting bulge; 112. a positioning key groove; 113. a drive keyway; 12. a gland; 121. pressing the sleeve; 122. a reducer union; 13. a rope cap; 14. a first spare cap; 15. a buckle changing interface; 16. a second spare cap;

2. a variable diameter component; 21. a diameter adjusting support; 210. a through hole; 211. an adjusting seat; 212. an end cap; 213. protecting the ring; 22. carrying out top thread;

23. a diameter adjustment barrel; 231. adjusting the track; 2311. a first track; 23111. a first inner side wall; 23112. a second inner side wall; 2312. a second track; 23121. a third inner side wall; 23122. a fourth inner side wall; 2313. connecting the rails; 23131. a fifth inner side wall; 23132. a sixth inner side wall; 232. a transition track; 2321. a seventh inner sidewall; 2322. an eighth inner side wall; 24. a limiting clamp spring;

3. a wax scraping assembly; 31. a tool rest support; 311. preparing a cap on the support; 32. a wax scraping piece; 321. a tool holder; 322. a wax scraping blade; 323. a connecting rod; 33. a middle support;

4. a transmission assembly; 41. an elastic member; 42. a transmission rod; 43. a drive key; 44. a limit nut; 45. and a positioning key.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a reducing paraffin scraper, and as shown in fig. 1, the reducing paraffin scraper comprises a fixing assembly 1, a reducing assembly 2, a plurality of paraffin scraping assemblies 3 and a transmission assembly 4.

The fixing component 1 comprises a central tube 11 and a pressing cover 12, wherein the bottom of the central tube 11 is connected with a weighting device, and the pressing cover 12 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the central tube 11 close to the top.

The diameter-changing assembly 2 comprises a diameter adjusting support 21, a jackscrew 22 and a diameter adjusting cylinder 23, the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 is rotatably and coaxially sleeved on the central tube 11, the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 and the central tube 11 are axially and limitedly clamped together, the diameter adjusting support 21 is movably sleeved outside the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, one end of the jackscrew 22 is fixedly inserted on the inner wall of the diameter adjusting support 21, the other end of the jackscrew 22 is movably inserted on the outer wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, and the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 is configured to adjust the axial position of the jackscrew 22 on the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 according to the axial reciprocating movement of the jackscrew 22 on the diameter adjusting cylinder 23.

Scrape wax subassembly 3 and all include tool rest support 31 and scrape wax piece 32, tool rest support 31 is located the top that support 21 was adjusted to the diameter, and the fixed suit of tool rest support 31 is on center tube 11, scrapes wax piece 32 and articulates between tool rest support 31 and diameter adjustment support 21, scrapes wax piece 32 and has toughness.

The transmission assembly 4 comprises an elastic member 41 and a transmission rod 42, one end of the elastic member 41 is fixed on the peripheral wall of the central tube 11, the other end of the elastic member 41 abuts against the bottom end of the diameter adjusting support 21, the transmission rod 42 is slidably and coaxially inserted into the central tube 11, the bottom of the transmission rod 42 is fixedly installed with the diameter adjusting support 21, and the top of the transmission rod 42 is installed with the gland 12.

Through the reducing paraffin scraper that this disclosed embodiment provided, when carrying out the paraffin removal operation to the oil-water well, transfer this reducing paraffin scraper in the oil-water well through the lubricator, drive paraffin scraping subassembly 3 through the weight bar of 11 bottoms ends of center tube and descend and carry out the paraffin scraping operation to the oil-water well, when the paraffin scraping scope of paraffin scraping piece 32 is adjusted to needs, can lift reducing paraffin scraper's center tube 11, drive this reducing paraffin scraper and wholly go upward to oil-water well department, receive the backstop of oil-water well department wellhead assembly until the gland 12 that is located the center tube 11 top, and center tube 11 is continued to be lifted. Since the top of the transmission rod 42 is mounted with the gland 12, the transmission rod 42 and the gland 12 move together downward relative to the central tube 11. Since the bottom of the transmission rod 42 is mounted with the diameter adjustment support 21, the transmission rod 42 will bring the diameter adjustment support 21 together to move downward relative to the central tube 11 and compress the elastic member 41. Meanwhile, the jackscrew 22 fixedly inserted on the inner wall of the diameter adjusting support 21 also moves downwards relative to the central tube 11, and due to the clamping of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 and the central tube 11 in an axial limiting way, the jackscrew 22 moves downwards on the outer wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 until the central tube 11 is also stopped by a wellhead device. Then, the central tube 11 is properly lowered, the diameter adjusting support 21 moves upwards reversely by the compressed elastic member 41, the transmission rod 42 and the gland 12 move upwards together reversely, and the jackscrew 22 mounted on the diameter adjusting support 21 moves upwards on the outer wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, thereby realizing the axial reciprocating movement of the jackscrew 22 on the diameter adjusting cylinder 23. Since the diameter adjustment cylinder 23 is configured to adjust the axial position of the jack screw 22 on the diameter adjustment cylinder 23 in accordance with the axial reciprocation of the jack screw 22 on the diameter adjustment cylinder 23, the axial position of the jack screw 22 on the diameter adjustment cylinder 23 is changed, that is, the axial position of the diameter adjustment support 21 on the center pipe 11 is changed. Since the axial position of the tool rest support 31 on the central tube 11 is constant, the relative axial distance between the diameter adjusting support 21 and the tool rest support 31 is changed, and the wax scraping element 32 hinged between the tool rest support 31 and the diameter adjusting support 21 is extruded and deformed due to the flexibility of the wax scraping element 32, so that the wax scraping range of the wax scraping element 32 is adjusted. The problems that the wax scraping operation efficiency is low and the wax removing time is long due to the fact that the wax scraping range of the wax scraping piece 32 cannot be automatically adjusted in the actual wax scraping process and the wax scraper needs to be taken and placed for multiple times are solved. The variable-diameter paraffin scraper disclosed in the embodiment can flexibly adjust the paraffin scraping range of the variable-diameter paraffin scraper, improves the operation efficiency and reduces the labor cost.

In addition, the variable-diameter paraffin scraper can be put into an oil well with the size smaller than the diameter of a wellhead device, then the wax scraping range of the paraffin scraping piece 32 is larger than or equal to the diameter of the oil well through variable-diameter operation, correspondingly, paraffin scraping operation is carried out on an oil pipe with the diameter of the oil pipe in the oil well larger than that of the wellhead device, and then the paraffin scraping problem of the oil-gas well with a small wellhead and a large oil pipe is fundamentally solved. The variable-diameter paraffin scraper disclosed in the embodiment can flexibly adjust the paraffin scraping diameter range of the paraffin scraping piece 32 of the variable-diameter paraffin scraper, so that the operation efficiency is improved, and the labor cost is reduced.

Fig. 2 is a plan expanded view of the diameter adjusting cylinder provided in the present embodiment, in combination with fig. 2, optionally, a plurality of adjusting rails 231 and transition rails 232 are circumferentially provided on the outer circumferential wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, one transition rail 232 is provided between every two adjacent adjusting rails 231, each adjusting rail 231 includes a first rail 2311, a second rail 2312 and a connecting rail 2313, the first rail 2311 and the second rail 2312 both extend in the axial direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, the first rail 2311 is close to the top of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, the second rail 2312 is close to the bottom of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, the bottom end of the first rail 2311 and the top end of the second rail 2312 are communicated through the connecting rail 2313, the top end of each first rail 2311 is gradually close to the top of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 and has an increased length, the first rail 2311 closest to the top of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 is adjacent to the first rail 2311 farthest from the top of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, one end of the transition track 232 communicates with the junction of the first track 2311 and the connecting track 2313, and the other end of the transition track 232 communicates with the junction of the second track 2312 and the connecting track 2313.

In the above implementation manner, when the variable diameter paraffin scraper is used for scraping wax of an oil-water well, and the variable diameter paraffin scraper is in a normal paraffin scraping state, the elastic member 41 supports the diameter adjusting support 21 upwards, and the top thread 22 is located at the top of the first track 2311 in the current paraffin scraping diameter range.

When the diameter range of wax scraping is required to be adjusted by the variable diameter wax scraper, at the moment, the central tube 11 of the variable diameter wax scraper can be lifted up, the upward movement of the transmission rod 42 is limited by the pressure of the wellhead device by the variable diameter joint 122, the transmission rod 42 moves downwards relative to the central tube 11, one end of the transmission rod 42 drives the diameter adjusting support 21 to move downwards, the diameter adjusting support 21 moves downwards to extrude the elastic piece 41, and the jackscrew 22 moves downwards at the top of the first track 2311 in the outer wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, passes through the transition track 232 and enters the bottom of the second track 2312 in the diameter range of the next-stage wax scraping.

Then, the center tube 11 is properly lowered, the reducer union 122 decompresses, the elastic member 41 recovers to deform and acts on the diameter adjusting support 21, the diameter adjusting support 21 moves upwards and drives the jackscrew 22 to move upwards, the jackscrew 22 moves upwards from the bottom of the second track 2312 of the current track and then passes through the connecting track 2313 to reach the top of the corresponding first track 2311, and as the top end of the first track 2311 is gradually close to the top of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 and the length of the first track 2311 is increased, the positions of the jackscrew 22 on the top of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 in the axial direction are different for two times, namely the position of the jackscrew 22 is more and more upward, so that the distance between the diameter adjusting support 21 and the tool rest support 31 can be shortened, the wax scraping member 32 is extruded to radially expand along the direction back to the center tube 11, and finally diameter changing is achieved.

Illustratively, six tracks with different lengths are circumferentially arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, so that six-stage diameter change can be realized.

Alternatively, the first rail 2311 includes first and second inner side walls 23111 and 23112 each extending in an axial direction of the diameter-adjusting cylinder 23, a length of the first inner side wall 23111 is greater than a length of the second inner side wall 23112, each of the first and second inner side walls 23111 and 23112 is alternately arranged one revolution and is gradually reduced in length in a circumferential direction of the diameter-adjusting cylinder 23, the length of the first rail 2311 is gradually reduced in one revolution in a circumferential direction of the diameter-adjusting cylinder 23, the second rail 2312 includes third and fourth inner side walls 23121 and 23122 each extending in an axial direction of the diameter-adjusting cylinder 23, a length of the third inner side wall 23121 is greater than a length of the fourth inner side wall 23122, each of the third and fourth inner side walls 23121 and 23122 is alternately arranged one revolution in a circumferential direction of the diameter-adjusting cylinder 23, the connection rail 2313 includes fifth and sixth inner side walls 23131 and 23132, the fifth and sixth inner side walls 23131 and 23132 are respectively arranged near a top and a bottom of the diameter-adjusting cylinder 23 and are relatively parallel, the transition track 232 includes seventh and eighth inner side walls 2321 and 2322, the seventh and eighth inner side walls 2321 and 2322 are respectively disposed near the top and the bottom of the diameter adjustment cylinder 23 in opposite parallel, a central axis of the first track 2311 intersects the eighth inner side wall 2322 of the corresponding transition track 232, a central axis of the transition track 232 intersects the third inner side wall 23121 of the corresponding second track 2312, a central axis of the second track 2312 intersects the fifth inner side wall 23131 of the corresponding connection track 2313, and a central axis of the connection track 2313 intersects the first inner side wall 23111 of the corresponding first track 2311.

In the above implementation manner, the above arrangement may effectively ensure that the jackscrew 22 moves in the plurality of adjustment tracks 231, when the jackscrew 22 moves to an adjacent one-stage larger track in the one-stage track, the central axis of the first track 2311 intersects with the eighth inner side wall 2322 of the corresponding transition track 232, the central axis of the transition track 232 intersects with the third inner side wall of the corresponding second track 2312, the central axis of the second track 2312 intersects with the fifth inner side wall 23131 of the corresponding connecting track 2313, and the central axis of the connecting track 2313 intersects with the first inner side wall of the corresponding first track 2311. When the jack screw 22 moves downward, the transition rail 232 is smoothly moved from the first rail 2311 of the current rail to the second rail 2312 by the engagement of the eighth inner side wall 2322 and the sixth inner side wall 23132, and the transition rail is not moved into the second rail 2312 of the adjacent one-step-larger rail. Conversely, when the jackscrew 22 moves upward, the transition track 232 can be smoothly entered from the second track 2312 of the current track by the position clamped by the fifth inner side wall 23131 and the seventh inner side wall 2321 until the transition track reaches the first track 2311 of the track of the first level, rather than the first track 2311 corresponding to the current track.

As shown in fig. 1, optionally, the reducing assembly 2 further includes a limit clamp spring 24, the limit clamp spring 24 is clamped on the outer wall of the central tube 11, a limit protrusion 111 is arranged on the outer wall of the central tube 11, and the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 is clamped between the limit clamp spring 24 and the limit protrusion 111.

In the above implementation, the limiting clamp spring 24 and the limiting protrusion 111 are mutually matched, so that the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 can rotate relative to the central tube 11, but cannot move axially.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1, and with reference to fig. 3, optionally, the gland 12 includes a pressing sleeve 121 and a reducer union 122, the pressing sleeve 121 and the reducer union 122 are both sleeved on the central tube 11, a top end of the reducer union 122 is fixedly connected with a bottom end of the pressing sleeve 121, and an inner wall of the reducer union 122 is mounted with a top portion of the transmission rod 42.

In the implementation manner, when the variable-diameter paraffin scraper scrapes wax in an oil well, and the variable-diameter paraffin scraper is lifted, the variable-diameter joint 122 can be abutted against the oil well mouth, the transmission rod 42 moves downwards relative to the central tube 11 through the stop of the oil well mouth device on the variable-diameter joint 122, and then the jackscrew 22 is driven to move downwards in the outer wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, so that the variable-diameter operation is realized, and high-intensity labor operation such as corresponding underground entering and exiting of the paraffin scraper due to multiple times of variable diameters is avoided. The press sleeve 121 is used to connect the reducer union 122 to the transmission assembly 4.

Optionally, the top of the transmission rod 42 is provided with a transmission key 43, the top of the central tube 11 is provided with a transmission key slot 113 extending along the axial direction of the central tube 11, and the transmission key 43 protrudes from the transmission key slot 113 and is mounted with the reducer union 122.

In the above implementation, the drive key 43 is used to implement the drive connection between the gland 12 and the drive rod 42 so that the gland 12 and the drive rod 42 can move synchronously.

Optionally, the driving assembly 4 further includes a limit nut 44, the limit nut 44 is sleeved on the central tube 11, the limit nut 44 covers the outside of the driving key 43, and the limit nut 44 is in threaded connection with the pressing sleeve 121.

In the above implementation, the limit nut 44 contacts the bottom of the drive key 43 and the reducer union 122 contacts the top of the drive key 43, and the limit nut 44 and the reducer union 122 cooperate to achieve synchronous movement of the drive key 43 relative to the gland 12.

Optionally, the top end of the central tube 11 is provided with a rope cap 13 for connecting a steel wire, and the rope cap 13 is positioned in the gland 12 and the central tube 11.

In the above implementation mode, the rope socket 13 is in threaded connection with the top end of the central tube 11, the rope socket 13 is used for connecting steel wires, the central tube 11 can be lifted through hoisting of the steel wires, and therefore the variable-diameter paraffin scraper can be lifted up and down, and paraffin can be scraped flexibly for an oil well.

Illustratively, the fixing assembly 1 further comprises a first spare cap 14, the first spare cap 14 is screwed on the outer wall of the central tube 11 close to the top, and the first spare cap 14 is positioned on one end of the rope cap 13 far away from the steel wire rope and is abutted with the rope cap.

In the implementation mode, the first spare cap 14 is used for fixing the rope cap 13, and the phenomenon that the rope cap 13 is loosened to influence normal use when the variable-diameter paraffin scraper is used is prevented.

Illustratively, when the variable-diameter paraffin scraper is used, the rope cap 13 is connected through the steel wire and the variable-diameter paraffin scraper is lifted to a wellhead, at this time, the pressing sleeve 121 and the variable-diameter joint 122 are pressed, the steel wire drives the central pipe 11 to move upwards continuously, the variable-diameter joint 122 limits the movement of the transmission key 43, so that the transmission key 43 drives the transmission rod 42 to move downwards relative to the central pipe 11, the transmission rod 42 moves downwards at one end to drive the diameter adjusting support 21 to move downwards and press the elastic piece 41, and meanwhile, the diameter adjusting support 21 drives the jackscrew 22 to move downwards in the adjusting track 231 and the transition track 232 of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23.

In the wax scraping operation, if the lifting force suddenly increases or the card is lifted, it indicates that the top thread 22 has been displaced to the bottom of the second track 2312 corresponding to the current adjustment track 231. When the steel wire is properly lowered, the reducer union 122 decompresses, the elastic part 41 acts on the end cover 212 of the diameter adjusting support 21, the diameter adjusting support 21 ascends and drives the jackscrew 22 to ascend, and the jackscrew 22 moves from the bottom of the second track 2312 of the current track to the top of the first track 2311 corresponding to the larger diameter. Meanwhile, the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 and the wax scraping component 3 rotate for a certain angle, so that the reducing operation of the wax scraper is completed, and the wax scraping operation can be carried out again.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at B, and with reference to fig. 4, optionally, the diameter adjusting support 21 includes an adjusting seat 211 and an end cap 212, the adjusting seat 211 is movably sleeved outside the diameter adjusting cylinder 23, the end cap 212 is movably sleeved outside the central tube 11, and the end cap 212 is screwed on the bottom end of the adjusting seat 211, and the end cap 212 abuts against the elastic member 41.

In the above implementation manner, the end cap 212 is arranged to increase a stress surface between the adjusting seat 211 and the elastic element 41, so as to ensure stability between the bottom of the diameter adjusting support 21 and the elastic element 41, and improve reliability of the diameter changing operation of the diameter changing wax scraper.

Alternatively, the bottom of the transmission rod 42 is provided with a positioning key 45, the bottom of the center tube 11 is provided with a positioning key groove 112 extending in the axial direction of the center tube 11, and the positioning key 45 is protruded from the positioning key groove 112 and is inserted into the diameter adjusting seat 21.

In the above-described embodiment, the positioning key 45 is used to realize a drive connection between the diameter adjustment support 21 and the drive rod 42, so that the diameter adjustment support 21 and the drive rod 42 can be moved synchronously.

Optionally, the diameter adjusting support 21 is further provided with a guard ring 213, the guard ring 213 is sleeved on the outer wall of the diameter adjusting support 21, the inner wall of the guard ring 213 abuts against one side of the transmission key positioning key 45, a through hole 210 is formed in one side of the diameter adjusting support 21 close to the tool holder support 31, and the guard ring 213 is fixed on the through hole 210 through a screw.

In the above implementation, the guard ring 213 serves to prevent foreign matter from entering the positioning key groove 112 of the center tube 11, and also serves to restrict the radial movement of the positioning key 45 and prevent the positioning key 45 from being removed from the positioning key groove 112.

Referring again to fig. 1, optionally, the wax scraping assembly 3 further comprises an intermediate support 33, the intermediate support 33 is slidably fitted on the central tube 11, the intermediate support 33 is located between the blade holder support 31 and the diameter adjusting support 21, the wax scraping assembly 3 comprises two wax scraping members 32, one wax scraping member 32 is hinged between the blade holder support 31 and the intermediate support 33, and the other wax scraping member 32 is hinged between the intermediate support 33 and the diameter adjusting support 21.

In the above implementation, the middle support 33 is used for connecting the two wax scraping members 32, and the two wax scraping members 32 scrape wax of the oil well at the same time, so that the wax scraping efficiency can be improved, and the labor cost can be saved.

Alternatively, each of the two wax scraping members 32 includes a plurality of tool holders 321 and wax scraping blades 322 corresponding to the tool holders 321 one by one, the tool holders are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the central tube 11, the wax scraping blades 322 are fixed to the middle portions of the corresponding tool holders 321, the tool holder 321 of one wax scraping member 32 is hinged between the tool holder support 31 and the intermediate support 33, and the tool holder 321 of the other wax scraping member 32 is hinged between the intermediate support 33 and the diameter adjusting support 21.

In the above implementation, the tool holder 321 is used for fixing the wax scraping blade 322, and the wax scraping blade 322 is used for removing wax in the oil well.

Illustratively, the wax scraping blade 322 may be a V-shaped structural member, and each of the tool holders 321 has two opposing wax scraping blades 322 welded at regular intervals along the length direction thereof, and large ends of the two wax scraping blades 322 are arranged to face each other.

In the above implementation manner, the wax scraping blade 322 is a V-shaped structural member, which can increase the contact between the wax scraping blade 322 and wax, and improve the wax scraping effect of the variable diameter wax scraper, and in addition, the two opposite wax scraping blades 322 are arranged on the knife rest 321, so that the wax scraping effect can be further improved, and the operation efficiency can be improved.

Alternatively, the tool holders 321 of the two wax scraping elements 32 are arranged staggered in the circumferential direction of the central tube 11.

In the above implementation, the staggered arrangement of the tool holders 321 can make the wax scraping blades 322 on the tool holders 321 staggered in the circumferential direction on the central tube 11, so as to improve the wax scraping effect.

Optionally, each of the wax scraping members 32 further comprises a connecting rod 323, wherein one end of the tool holder 321 of one of the wax scraping members 32 is hinged with the diameter adjusting support 21 through the connecting rod 323, and the other end of the tool holder 321 of one of the wax scraping members 32 is hinged with the intermediate support 33 through the connecting rod 323. One end of the blade holder 321 of the other wax scraping piece 32 is hinged with the middle support 33 through a connecting rod 323, and the other end of the blade holder 321 of the other wax scraping piece 32 is hinged with the blade holder support 31 through the connecting rod 323.

In the implementation manner, the connecting rod 323 is arranged to facilitate the articulation between the tool holder 321 and the diameter adjusting support 21 or the intermediate support 33 and the articulation between the tool holder 321 and the intermediate support 33 and the tool holder support 31, so that when the diameter adjusting support 21 moves along the outer wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 along with the jackscrew 22, the tool holder 321 can move radially relative to the central tube 11, and finally the variable diameter adjustment of the variable diameter wax scraper is realized.

Illustratively, the connecting rod 323 for connecting the middle tool holder 321 and the tool holder support 31 may be a long connecting rod, and the connecting rod 323 for connecting the tool holder 321 and the middle support 33 may be a short connecting rod, so that the wax scraping element 32 located at the upper portion of the central tube 11 can move radially relative to the central tube 11 in a wider range than the wax scraping element 32 located at the lower portion, and thus the upper and lower wax scraping elements 32 can clean wax with different thicknesses in different oil wells, and the working efficiency is improved.

Illustratively, both ends of the middle support 33 are provided with connecting rod pin holes at intervals of 60 degrees, the connecting rod pin holes provided at both ends of the middle support 33 are in a staggered design at intervals of 30 degrees, one end of the diameter adjusting support 21 close to the middle support 33 is also provided with connecting rod pin holes, one end of the tool rest support 31 close to the middle support 33 is provided with connecting rod pin holes, and the connecting rod pin holes are provided with pins for connecting the connecting rods 323.

Illustratively, a support spare cap 311 is arranged above the tool holder support 31, the tool holder support 31 is screwed on the central tube 11, the support spare cap 311 is screwed on the central tube 11, and the support spare cap 311 is used for further fixing the tool holder support 31 to prevent the tool holder support 31 from loosening to affect normal use.

With continued reference to fig. 1, optionally, the fixing assembly 1 further includes a fastening opening 15, the fastening opening 15 is screwed on the outer wall of the central tube 11 near the bottom end, one end of the fastening opening 15 is connected with a weight bar, and the other end of the fastening opening 15 abuts against the elastic element 41.

In the above implementation manner, the fastening port 15 is convenient for connecting the weight rod to the bottom of the central tube 11, so that the weight rod is prevented from being directly connected to the central tube 11 and wearing the central tube 11, and the service life of the central tube 11 is further prolonged.

Optionally, the fixing assembly 1 further includes a second spare cap 16, the second spare cap 16 is screwed on the outer wall of the central tube 11 near the bottom, the second spare cap 16 is located on the side of the fastening port 15 far from the weight bar, and one end of the elastic member 41 abuts on the second spare cap 16.

In above-mentioned implementation, the setting of second spare cap 16 is convenient for support the one end of elastic component 41 on center tube 11, makes things convenient for elastic component 41 to scrape wax subassembly 3 and adjusts that resets, also is used for fixed becoming lock joint mouth 15 simultaneously, prevents that this reducing wax scraper from appearing becoming the lock joint mouth 15 pine in the use and taking off and influence normal use.

The working mode of the variable-diameter paraffin scraper in the embodiment of the disclosure is briefly described as follows:

the bottom of the variable lock joint mouth 15 of the variable-diameter paraffin scraper is connected with a weighting rod, the top of a rope cap 13 is connected with a steel wire, the blade of the variable-diameter paraffin scraper is adjusted to the minimum diameter, an oil well paraffin removal gate is closed, the variable-diameter paraffin scraper is placed into a blowout prevention pipe, a blowout prevention pipe emptying gate is closed, the steel wire is tightly coiled, the paraffin removal gate is opened, a brake is loosened, and then the variable-diameter paraffin scraper is placed downwards through the steel wire to scrape paraffin. After the primary wax scraping operation is completed, the reducing wax scraper is lifted to the wellhead of the oil-water well, so that the reducing joint 122 is pressed, the steel wire drives the central pipe 11 to continuously move upwards, the reducing joint 122 limits the upward movement of the transmission key 43, the transmission rod 42 and the positioning key 45 of the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly 4 moves downwards relative to the central pipe 11. The transmission key 43 drives the jackscrew 22 to move downwards in the track of the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 through the transmission rod 42 and the positioning key 45. In the wax scraping operation, if the lifting force of the steel wire rope is suddenly increased or the steel wire rope is lifted up to the card, the displacement of the jackscrew 22 is maximum, and the jackscrew 22 is positioned at the lowest end of the track corresponding to the wax scraping diameter at the last time. And (3) properly lowering the steel wire, releasing the reducer union 122, enabling the elastic part 41 to act on the diameter adjusting support 21, enabling the diameter adjusting support 21 to ascend, driving the jackscrew 22 to ascend, and enabling the jackscrew 22 to move from the bottom of the current track to the top of the track with the larger diameter. At the same time, the diameter adjusting cylinder 23 and the wax scraping assembly 3 will rotate a certain angle. Therefore, the diameter-changing operation of the wax scraper is completed, and the wax scraper can carry out wax scraping operation again.

The above description is intended to be exemplary only and not to limit the present disclosure, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure is to be considered as the same as the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A variable-diameter paraffin scraper is characterized by comprising a fixed assembly (1), a variable-diameter assembly (2), a paraffin scraping assembly (3) and a transmission assembly (4),

the fixing assembly (1) comprises a central pipe (11) and a pressing cover (12), and the pressing cover (12) is movably sleeved on the outer wall, close to the top, of the central pipe (11);

the reducing assembly (2) comprises a diameter adjusting support (21), a jackscrew (22) and a diameter adjusting cylinder (23), the diameter adjusting cylinder (23) is rotatably and coaxially sleeved on the central tube (11), and the diameter adjusting cylinder (23) and the central tube (11) are clamped together in an axial limiting way, the diameter adjusting support (21) is movably sleeved outside the diameter adjusting cylinder (23), one end of the jackscrew (22) is fixedly inserted on the inner wall of the diameter adjusting support (21), the other end of the jackscrew (22) is movably inserted on the outer wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder (23), the diameter adjusting cylinder (23) is configured, adjusting the axial position of the jackscrew (22) on the diameter adjusting cylinder (23) according to the axial reciprocating movement of the jackscrew (22) on the diameter adjusting cylinder (23);

the wax scraping assembly (3) comprises a tool rest support (31) and a wax scraping piece (32), the tool rest support (31) is positioned above the diameter adjusting support (21), the tool rest support (31) is fixedly sleeved on the central tube (11), the wax scraping piece (32) is hinged between the tool rest support (31) and the diameter adjusting support (21), and the wax scraping piece (32) has toughness;

the transmission assembly (4) comprises an elastic piece (41) and a transmission rod (42), one end of the elastic piece (41) is fixed to the peripheral wall of the central tube (11), the other end of the elastic piece (41) abuts against the bottom end of the diameter adjusting support (21), the transmission rod (42) is slidably and coaxially inserted into the central tube (11), the bottom of the transmission rod (42) is installed together with the diameter adjusting support (21), and the top of the transmission rod (42) is installed together with the gland (12).

2. The variable diameter paraffin scraper according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of adjusting tracks (231) and transition tracks (232) are circumferentially arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the diameter adjusting cylinder (23), one transition track (232) is arranged between every two adjacent adjusting tracks (231), each adjusting track (231) comprises a first track (2311), a second track (2312) and a connecting track (2313), the first track (2311) and the second track (2312) extend along the axial direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder (23), the first track (2311) is close to the top of the diameter adjusting cylinder (23), the second track (2312) is close to the bottom of the diameter adjusting cylinder (23), the bottom end of the first track (2311) and the top end of the second track (2312) are communicated through the connecting track (2313), and the top end of each first track (2311) is gradually close to the top of the diameter adjusting cylinder (23) and has a length Increasing, said first track (2311) closest to the top of said diameter adjustment barrel (23) and said first track (2311) furthest from the top of said diameter adjustment barrel (23) being adjacent, one end of said transition track (232) communicating with the junction of said first track (2311) and said connecting track (2313), the other end of said transition track (232) communicating with the junction of said second track (2312) and said connecting track (2313).

3. The variable diameter wax scraper according to claim 2, wherein the first track (2311) comprises a first inner side wall (23111) and a second inner side wall (23112) both extending in the axial direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder (23), the length of the first inner side wall (23111) is greater than that of the second inner side wall (23112), each of the first inner side wall (23111) and the second inner side wall (23112) is alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder (23) for one turn and gradually decreases in length, the length of the first track (2311) gradually decreases in one turn in the circumferential direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder (23), the second track (2312) comprises a third inner side wall (23121) and a fourth inner side wall (23122) both extending in the axial direction of the diameter adjusting cylinder (23), the length of the third inner side wall (23121) is greater than that of the fourth inner side wall (23122), each of the third inner side wall (23121) and the fourth inner side wall (23122) being alternately arranged one round along a circumference of the diameter-adjusting cylinder (23), the connecting rail (2313) including fifth and sixth inner side walls (23131, 23132), the fifth and sixth inner side walls (23131, 23132) being respectively adjacent to and relatively parallel to a top and a bottom of the diameter-adjusting cylinder (23), the transition rail (232) including seventh and eighth inner side walls (2321, 2322), the seventh and eighth inner side walls (2321, 2322) being respectively adjacent to and relatively parallel to the top and the bottom of the diameter-adjusting cylinder (23), a central axis of the first rail (2311) intersecting with the eighth inner side wall (2322) of the corresponding transition rail (232), a central axis of the transition rail (232) intersecting with the third inner side wall (23121) of the corresponding second rail (2312), the central axis of the second track (2312) intersects with the fifth inner sidewall (23131) of the corresponding connection track (2313), and the central axis of the connection track (2313) intersects with the first inner sidewall (23111) of the corresponding first track (2311).

4. The variable-diameter paraffin scraper according to claim 1, characterized in that the paraffin scraping assembly (3) further comprises an intermediate support (33), the intermediate support (33) is slidably sleeved on the central tube (11), the intermediate support (33) is located between the blade holder support (31) and the diameter adjusting support (21), the paraffin scraping assembly (3) comprises two paraffin scraping pieces (32), one paraffin scraping piece (32) is hinged between the blade holder support (31) and the intermediate support (33), and the other paraffin scraping piece (32) is hinged between the intermediate support (33) and the diameter adjusting support (21).

5. The variable-diameter wax scraper according to claim 4, wherein each of the two wax scrapers (32) comprises a plurality of tool holders (321) and wax scraping blades (322) corresponding to the tool holders (321), the tool holders (321) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the central tube (11), the wax scraping blades (322) are respectively fixed in the middle of the corresponding tool holders (321), the tool holder (321) of one wax scraper (32) is hinged between the tool holder support (31) and the intermediate support (33), and the tool holder (321) of the other wax scraper (32) is hinged between the intermediate support (33) and the diameter adjusting support (21).

6. The variable-diameter wax scraper according to claim 5, wherein the tool holders (321) of the two wax scrapers (32) are staggered in the circumferential direction of the central tube (11).

7. The reducing paraffin scraper according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the reducing assembly (2) further comprises a limiting clamp spring (24), the limiting clamp spring (24) is clamped on the outer wall of the central tube (11), a limiting protrusion (111) is arranged on the outer wall of the central tube (11), and the diameter adjusting cylinder (23) is clamped between the limiting clamp spring (24) and the limiting protrusion (111).

8. The variable-diameter paraffin scraper according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the diameter adjusting support (21) comprises an adjusting seat (211) and an end cover (212), the adjusting seat (211) is movably sleeved outside the diameter adjusting cylinder (23), the end cover (212) is movably sleeved outside the central tube (11), the end cover (212) is in threaded fit with the bottom end of the adjusting seat (211), and the end cover (212) abuts against the elastic piece (41).

9. The variable-diameter paraffin scraper according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the gland (12) comprises a pressing sleeve (121) and a reducer union (122), the pressing sleeve (121) and the reducer union (122) are sleeved on the central pipe (11), the top end of the reducer union (122) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the pressing sleeve (121), and the inner wall of the reducer union (122) is installed with the top of the transmission rod (42).

10. The variable-diameter paraffin scraper according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the top end of the central tube (11) is provided with a rope cap (13) for connecting a steel wire, and the rope cap (13) is positioned in the gland (12).