CN112983324B - Durable expansion head for expansion pipe - Google Patents
Durable expansion head for expansion pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN112983324B CN112983324B CN202110108217.4A CN202110108217A CN112983324B CN 112983324 B CN112983324 B CN 112983324B CN 202110108217 A CN202110108217 A CN 202110108217A CN 112983324 B CN112983324 B CN 112983324B
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- outer edge
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- head
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000272201 Columbiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003101 oviduct Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
- E21B29/10—Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a durable expansion head for an expansion pipe, which comprises a central rod, wherein the outer edge of the central rod is sleeved with the expansion head, the lower end of the expansion head is provided with a sealing mechanism, and the outer edge of the upper end of the expansion head is provided with a ceramic expansion mechanism. According to the expansion head, the ceramic steel ring is embedded between the upper pressing block and the lower pressing seat, the upper Archimedes spiral line and the lower Archimedes spiral line are in a shape formed by the complementary closed curves of the upper Archimedes spiral line and the lower Archimedes spiral line rotating around the central tube from top to bottom, when the expansion head is integrally lifted upwards under the dual actions of pulling of the drill rod and conveying of high-pressure liquid by the central tube, the outer edge of the ceramic steel ring extrudes the inner edge of the expansion tube and expands the diameter of the expansion tube. The introduction of the ceramic steel is dozens of times higher than the wear resistance of the traditional tool steel, the stress is regulated by utilizing martensite phase transformation and crack expansion is avoided, the wear-resistant size of the expansion head is stable, the expansion resistance is small during use, no well is blocked, no expansion resilience exists, and the engineering quality is convenient to control and guarantee.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil drilling and production engineering expansion pipes, and particularly relates to a durable expansion head for an expansion pipe.
Background
The expansion pipe is a structure applied to petroleum drilling, well completion, well repair and suspension engineering, when in use, the expansion pipe is placed at a preset position of the drilling well, mud is filled between the expansion pipe and the well wall, and an expansion head in the expansion pipe acts to expand the expansion pipe. For example, chinese patent No. 200510122335.1 entitled expansion pipe device for oil field well completion describes a novel expansion construction scheme, which not only solves the problem of well blocking in the conventional technology, but also improves the construction efficiency, and the problem of rebound after expansion does not occur. The above patent discloses a structure of swing expansion head 11, and the swing expansion head passes through set nut 10, set nut 12 and sets up at hoist and mount pipe 6 outer fringe, and the swing expansion head is expanded when being promoted by high-pressure liquid and hoist and mount pipe traction and upwards promote. In actual use, the contact area between the expansion head and the inner wall of the expansion pipe is small, and local abrasion is too fast during use, so that the service life and the expansion effect are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the durable expansion head for the expansion pipe, which has a reasonable structure and ensures that the surface of the expansion head is more wear-resistant.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a durable expansion head for an expansion pipe, comprising: the expansion joint comprises a central rod, an expansion head is sleeved on the outer edge of the central rod, a sealing mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the expansion head, and a ceramic expansion mechanism is arranged on the outer edge of the upper end of the expansion head.
And the ceramic expansion mechanism is used for expanding the expansion pipe sleeved on the outer side of the expansion head, the central pipe is used for conveying high-pressure liquid into the expansion pipe below the expansion head, and the sealing mechanism is used for separating the expansion pipe above and below the sealing mechanism.
Furthermore, the upper end of the central rod is connected with the drill rod through a joint.
And the ceramic expansion mechanism comprises an upper pressing block and a lower pressing seat, the upper pressing block and the lower pressing seat are sleeved on the central pipe, and a ceramic steel ring is arranged in a groove on the outer side formed after the upper pressing block and the lower pressing seat are assembled.
Furthermore, a downward boss is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper pressing block, and the outer edge of the upper end of the lower pressing seat is provided with the groove; the boss is in threaded connection with a hole formed in the upper end of the lower pressing seat, the lower pressing seat below the hole is in threaded connection with the outer edge of the central tube, and the ceramic steel ring is arranged in the groove.
And the upper pressing block, the ceramic steel ring and the lower pressing seat are assembled to form a shape from top to bottom, wherein the shape is formed by the complementary closed curves of the upper outer Archimedes spiral and the lower inner Archimedes spiral rotating around the central pipe.
Furthermore, the outer fringe cover of the center tube of going up the briquetting top is equipped with the locking dish, the outer fringe cover of the center tube of sealing mechanism below is equipped with the locking dish.
And the sealing mechanism comprises a base plate and a rubber plate, wherein the base plate and the rubber plate are sequentially and alternately sleeved at the outer edge of the central tube below the bottom surface of the pressing seat or the rubber plate and the base plate are sequentially and alternately sleeved at the outer edge of the central tube below the bottom surface of the pressing seat.
And at least one sealing ring is arranged between the bottom surface of the boss and the surface of the aligned hole, and at least one sealing ring is arranged between the boss and a central pipe penetrating through the boss.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
in the invention, a ceramic steel ring is embedded between an upper pressing block and a lower pressing seat, the overall shape of the upper pressing block, the lower pressing block and the lower pressing seat is a shape formed by the complementary closed curves of an upper Archimedes spiral and a lower Archimedes spiral rotating around a central tube, and when the overall expansion head is lifted upwards under the double actions of the pulling of a drill rod and the high-pressure liquid conveyed by the central tube, the outer edge of the ceramic steel ring extrudes the inner edge of the expansion tube and expands the diameter of the expansion tube. The introduction of the ceramic steel is tens of times higher than the wear resistance of the traditional tool steel, the stress is mediated by martensite phase change, the crack expansion is avoided, the wear-resisting size of the expansion head is stable, the expansion resistance is small when the expansion head is used, the well is not blocked, the expansion rebound is avoided, and the engineering quality is convenient to control and guarantee.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a labeled view of the expansion head of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A durable expansion head for an expansion pipe, as shown in fig. 1-2, the innovation of the invention lies in: the expansion joint comprises a central rod 3, an expansion head is sleeved on the outer edge of the central rod, a sealing mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the expansion head, and a ceramic expansion mechanism is arranged on the outer edge of the upper end of the expansion head.
In this embodiment, the ceramic expansion mechanism is used to expand the expansion pipe sleeved outside the expansion head, the central pipe is used to convey high-pressure liquid into the expansion pipe below the expansion head, and the sealing mechanism is used to separate the expansion pipe above and below the sealing mechanism.
The central rod is in threaded connection with the drill rod 1 through a joint 2 at the upper end of the central rod. The drill rod can bear and convey the expansion head to go into the well, and can also pull the expansion head upwards.
The ceramic expansion mechanism comprises an upper pressing block 6 and a lower pressing seat 8, the upper pressing block and the lower pressing seat are sleeved on the central pipe, and a ceramic steel ring 7 is arranged in a groove 22 in the outer side formed after the upper pressing block and the lower pressing seat are assembled. The concrete structure is as follows: the bottom surface of the upper pressing block is provided with a downward boss 20, the outer edge of the upper end of the lower pressing seat is provided with a groove 22, the boss is in threaded connection with a hole arranged at the upper end of the lower pressing seat through an upper thread 16, the lower pressing seat below the hole is in threaded connection with the outer edge of the central tube through a lower thread 14, and a ceramic steel ring is arranged in the groove.
The shape of the upper pressing block, the ceramic steel ring and the lower pressing seat from top to bottom after being assembled is the shape formed by the complementary converging curves of the upper outer Archimedes spiral and the lower inner Archimedes spiral rotating around the central pipe. The specific cross-sectional shape is shown in fig. 2:
when the rotation angle theta is set, the equation of the extraterrestrial Archimedes spiral on the section can be written as the upper vector: r1= r (1 + k θ), the inner archimedean spiral equation can be written as the lower vector diameter: r2= r (1-k θ), k is a coefficient, the dimension is 1/radian, and the value k = 0-0.2. Obviously, within a certain range, for any rotation angle θ (θ =), the increase value of the outer spiral and the decrease value of the inner spiral are equal, and Σ R =2R is constant.
The expansion head can completely overcome expansion clamping in the swinging process, and meanwhile, the expansion resistance is greatly reduced. As seen from the figure, the egg-shaped appearance obtained by calculation is actually a bionic treatment, and the shape of the expanded head is similar to that of an egg pushed out by a chicken, a snake and a pigeon through a tortuous fallopian tube, and the outline is basically consistent. Archimedean spirals when k =0 also include spheres.
An upper base plate 5 is sleeved on the outer edge of the central tube above the upper pressing block, a locking disc 4 is sleeved on the outer edge of the central tube above the upper base plate, a locking disc 11 is sleeved on the outer edge of the central tube below the sealing mechanism, and the upper pressing block, the lower pressing seat and the like between the upper pressing block and the lower pressing seat are locked on the central tube by the upper locking disc and the lower locking disc.
The sealing mechanism comprises a base plate 9 and a rubber plate 10, wherein the base plate and the rubber plate are sequentially and alternately sleeved on the outer edge of the central tube below the bottom surface of the lower pressing seat or the rubber plate and the base plate are sequentially and alternately sleeved on the outer edge of the central tube below the bottom surface of the lower pressing seat. In the figure, a base plate 9 is arranged on the bottom surface of the lower pressing seat, a rubber plate 10 is arranged below the base plate, a second base plate is arranged below the rubber plate, a second rubber plate is arranged below the second base plate, a third base plate is arranged below the second rubber plate, and a locking disc 11 is arranged below the third base plate. The outer edge of the rubber plate can be attached to the inner edge of the expansion pipe, so that the leakage prevention effect is achieved, and the high pressure and the ejection force below the expansion head are stabilized.
At least one sealing ring 15 is arranged between the bottom surface of the boss and the surface of the aligned hole, and at least one sealing ring is arranged between the boss and a central pipe penetrating through the boss. The sealing rings at the two positions enable the upper part and the lower part of the expansion head to be sealed and maintain pressure difference.
The ceramic material used by the ceramic steel ring is metastable zirconia (PSZ), zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) or Zirconia Toughened Mullite (ZTM). The internal structure of the ceramic material has two phases of tetragonal zirconia and monoclinic zirconia, and the latter also belongs to volume expansion martensite. The sintering and the heat treatment can control the phase ratio and can drive the sensitivity of the tetragonal zirconia to the martensite transformation of the monoclinic zirconia. The high toughness of the material is caused firstly because the martensite expansion can prevent the local generation of excessive tensile stress and microcrack; secondly, even if micro cracks are initiated, martensite is generated at the expansion end of the tensile stress, and the front end can be immediately blocked to prevent the cracks from developing. The strong prevention of ceramic chipping and falling indicates high wear resistance.
The upper pressing block and the lower pressing seat are mutually pressed to press the ceramic steel ring, pressure is generated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the ceramic steel ring, the outer surface of the ceramic steel ring is inclined, the inclined surface force has a pressure component force, opposite side counter-force is also formed into pressure stress, and therefore the periphery of the ceramic steel ring is constantly in a pressure stress state from top to bottom and from left to right. In this case, the wear resistance of the ceramic steel ring is not only dozens of times higher than that of the tool steel, but also even one order of magnitude higher than that of the hard alloy. The central tube is hollow and can convey high-pressure liquid to a closed space below the sealing mechanism, the high-pressure liquid can be high-pressure water, and the high-pressure water provides upward pushing force for the expansion head.
Examples
In North China, a 3100-meter inclined shaft is repaired, and 3 well-known oil-service companies perform similar construction on the oil field before, and all the oil fields fail to be stuck.
In the embodiment, well logging and calculation are carried out before construction, and the full angle change at a leakage point is confirmedThe chemical conversion rate is larger than 6/25 m. Engineering uses a ceramic steel ring, specifically PSZ, whose composition is 75mol% MgO +1.6mol% 2 O 3 +89.65mol% ZrO. The sintering temperature is 1700 ℃ for 5 hours, and the temperature is 1420 ℃ for 2 hours for sensitization treatment.
The structure of fig. 1 is adopted: the diameter of the drill rod is 27/8'. The length of the transmitting chamber is 3m, and the built-in expansion head phi 139.5mm. In addition, long interval repairs are required for severe corrosion conditions. And the expansion pipe ZP 08-phi 140mmx 1117m. The patching well section is as follows: 1243-2356 m, and 2 m for each upper and lower casing damage section. After the expansion pipe is lowered to the designed position, the well is circularly washed once, and the ball is thrown to press and expand. The starting pressure of expansion is 43MPa, the pressure in the expansion process is 28-33 MPa, the expansion speed is 3-5 m/min, and the expansion engineering is finished according to the plan until the expansion head is separated from the expansion pipe. The pressure test is carried out at 15MPa for 20 minutes. The sealing is good.
In the invention, a ceramic steel ring is embedded between an upper pressing block and a lower pressing seat, the overall shape of the upper pressing block, the lower pressing block and the lower pressing seat is a shape formed by the complementary closed curves of an upper Archimedes spiral and a lower Archimedes spiral rotating around a central tube, and when the overall expansion head is lifted upwards under the double actions of the pulling of a drill rod and the high-pressure liquid conveyed by the central tube, the outer edge of the ceramic steel ring extrudes the inner edge of the expansion tube and expands the diameter of the expansion tube. The introduction of the ceramic steel is dozens of times higher than the wear resistance of the traditional tool steel, the stress is regulated by utilizing martensite phase transformation and crack expansion is avoided, the wear-resistant size of the expansion head is stable, the expansion resistance is small during use, no well is blocked, no expansion resilience exists, and the engineering quality is convenient to control and guarantee.
Claims (1)
1. A durable expansion head for an expansion pipe, comprising: the expansion joint comprises a central rod, wherein an expansion head is sleeved on the outer edge of the central rod, a sealing mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the expansion head, and a ceramic expansion mechanism is arranged on the outer edge of the upper end of the expansion head;
the ceramic expansion mechanism is used for expanding the expansion pipe sleeved on the outer side of the expansion head, the central pipe is used for conveying high-pressure liquid into the expansion pipe below the expansion head, and the sealing mechanism is used for separating the expansion pipe above and below the sealing mechanism;
the upper end of the central rod is connected with the drill rod through a joint;
the ceramic expansion mechanism comprises an upper pressing block and a lower pressing seat, the upper pressing block and the lower pressing seat are sleeved on the central tube, and a ceramic steel ring is arranged in a groove on the outer side formed after the upper pressing block and the lower pressing seat are assembled;
the upper pressing block, the ceramic steel ring and the lower pressing seat are assembled to form a shape from top to bottom, wherein the shape is formed by the complementary closed curves of the upper outer Archimedes spiral and the lower inner Archimedes spiral rotating around the central pipe;
the bottom surface of the upper pressing block is provided with a downward boss, and the outer edge of the upper end of the lower pressing seat is provided with the groove; the boss is in threaded connection with a hole formed in the upper end of the lower pressing seat, the lower pressing seat below the hole is in threaded connection with the outer edge of the central tube, and the ceramic steel ring is arranged in the groove;
a locking disc is sleeved on the outer edge of the central tube above the upper pressing block, and a locking disc is sleeved on the outer edge of the central tube below the sealing mechanism;
the sealing mechanism comprises a base plate and a rubber plate, the base plate and the rubber plate are sequentially and alternately sleeved on the outer edge of the central tube below the bottom surface of the lower pressing seat, or the rubber plate and the base plate are sequentially and alternately sleeved on the outer edge of the central tube below the bottom surface of the lower pressing seat;
at least one sealing ring is arranged between the bottom surface of the boss and the surface of the aligned hole, and at least one sealing ring is arranged between the boss and a central pipe penetrating through the boss.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202110078881 | 2021-01-21 | ||
CN2021100788819 | 2021-01-21 |
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CN112983324A CN112983324A (en) | 2021-06-18 |
CN112983324B true CN112983324B (en) | 2023-03-17 |
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Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2668847Y (en) * | 2004-01-07 | 2005-01-05 | 中国石油集团科学技术研究院 | Expanding device for solid expanding tube |
CN100485158C (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2009-05-06 | 刘文西 | Expansion pipe device for oilfield well completion |
CN101457637B (en) * | 2009-01-06 | 2012-07-04 | 刘文西 | Sealing expansion tube apparatus for repairing petroleum thermal production well and implementing method |
CN202970570U (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-06-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | High temperature resistant bimetal expansion pipe sealing structure |
CN103742094A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-23 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Wear-resistant expansion cone and machining method thereof |
CN206016780U (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-03-15 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Thin-walled expansion tube expansion cone working chamber tools |
CN106522897B (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-12-28 | 天津冠力博石油科技有限公司 | The controllable expandable screen device for removing fineness of sand |
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