CN112982311A - Method for reducing sediment deposition in U-shaped aqueduct - Google Patents
Method for reducing sediment deposition in U-shaped aqueduct Download PDFInfo
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- CN112982311A CN112982311A CN202110292211.7A CN202110292211A CN112982311A CN 112982311 A CN112982311 A CN 112982311A CN 202110292211 A CN202110292211 A CN 202110292211A CN 112982311 A CN112982311 A CN 112982311A
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- type guide
- aqueduct
- guide vane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
- E02B5/02—Making or lining canals
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
- E02B5/08—Details, e.g. gates, screens
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing sediment deposition in a U-shaped aqueduct, which comprises the first step of manufacturing an equipment embedded part and a plough share type guide vane; the plough share type guide vane has the same structure and is made by cutting the side wall of a circular truncated cone, the radius of the upper bottom surface of the circular truncated cone is that the radius of the lower bottom surface is that the height is =1:3:15, and the distance between two end points of the short circular arc of the plough share type guide vane is that the distance between two end points of the long circular arc is =1: 4; and secondly, pouring a concrete U-shaped aqueduct, arranging the equipment embedded parts on the inner wall of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct, welding each ploughshare type guide vane on each equipment embedded part one by one, and enabling the arc concave surfaces of the ploughshare type guide vanes to face the incoming water direction. The invention can achieve the aim that the sediment deposition rate in the U-shaped aqueduct is below 5 percent, and realize long-term, continuous and stable water delivery of the U-shaped aqueduct.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of long-distance water delivery in hydraulic engineering, in particular to a method for reducing sediment deposition in a U-shaped aqueduct.
Background
Sediment deposition problems exist in multi-sediment water transfer projects (such as Yanghuang projects) in northwest of China after the projects are put into operation, and when the sediment deposition is serious, the water level of the water transfer aqueduct is higher, the water transfer safety of the water transfer aqueduct is seriously threatened, and the safe long-period stable operation of the water transfer projects is influenced. For the artificially constructed open aqueduct, the reason for sediment deposition is the sedimentation of wind sand along the line in the aqueduct on one hand and the sedimentation of the self-carried sediment of the conveying water body on the other hand. When the silt is seriously deposited, the water level in the aqueduct is higher, the load of the basic facilities of the aqueduct is increased, the water running safety of the aqueduct is seriously threatened, and the serious hidden trouble is brought to the safe operation and management of the engineering. At present, a silt treatment method of regularly stopping water and dredging is mostly adopted, the silt is basically dredged once a year, and the cost of labor force and materials is high; and the other method is to reduce the water supply flow of the aqueduct, replace the water supply scale of the project with the reduction of the water supply scale of the project to ensure the safety of the operation project until the sediment in the water delivery aqueduct causes the intolerable ground step, and then carry out water cut-off and centralized dredging.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for reducing sediment deposition in a U-shaped aqueduct, which can specifically adopt the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a method for reducing sediment deposition in a U-shaped aqueduct, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, manufacturing equipment embedded parts and ploughshare type guide vanes; the plough share type guide vane has the same structure and is made by cutting the side wall of a circular truncated cone, the radius of the upper bottom surface of the circular truncated cone is that the radius of the lower bottom surface is that the height is =1:3:15, and the distance between two end points of the short circular arc of the plough share type guide vane is that the distance between two end points of the long circular arc is =1: 4;
and secondly, pouring a concrete U-shaped aqueduct, arranging the equipment embedded parts on the inner wall of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct, welding each ploughshare type guide vane on each equipment embedded part one by one, and enabling the arc concave surfaces of the ploughshare type guide vanes to face the incoming water direction.
The plough share type guide vanes are arranged in groups and are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction, the plough share type guide vanes in the same group are arranged on the cross section of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct at intervals, the root of each plough share type guide vane is attached to an equipment embedded part on the inner wall of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct, and the upstream surface of each plough share type guide vane is obliquely crossed with the axis of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct.
Each group of the plough share type guide vanes is three, and comprises a first plough share type guide vane positioned at the bottom of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct, and a second plough share type guide vane and a third plough share type guide vane positioned above the side of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct, wherein the axis inclination angles of the first plough share type guide vane, the second plough share type guide vane and the third plough share type guide vane and the concrete U-shaped aqueduct are consistent and are all arranged at an included angle of 20-25 degrees.
The second share type guide vane and the third share type guide vane are symmetrically arranged, and form an included angle of 45 degrees with the vertical radius of the first share type guide vane.
The plowshare type guide vane is a stainless steel sheet with the thickness of 5-8mm, and the planes of two short arc end points and the long arc bottom end point of the stainless steel sheet are parallel to the normal line of the inner circumference arc of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct.
The short arc and the long arc top end of the ploughshare type guide vane are of a passivation fillet structure.
The equipment embedded part is composed of a base plate and a handle rib welded on the base plate, the base plate is a rectangular stainless steel plate, the handle rib is a door-shaped deformed steel bar with an inner hook at the tail part, and the handle rib is connected with the base plate in a fillet welding mode.
The base plates correspond to the ploughshare type guide vanes one by one, and a plurality of handle ribs are uniformly arranged on each base plate at intervals along the longitudinal direction.
Research shows that the flow velocity of the water body in the U-shaped aqueduct is different, the movement of the silt depends on the relatively larger flow velocity of the water body, namely the silt can be started up only when the flow velocity of the silt reaches a critical flow velocity, the silt can fall and deposit when the flow velocity of the water is smaller than a certain value, and the movement of the silt depends on a relatively large flow velocity interval and the deposition of the silt depends on a relatively small flow velocity interval. The water body in the U-shaped aqueduct can be divided into three states of laminar flow, transitional flow and turbulent flow according to the flow velocity, and when the flow velocity is very small, the fluids flow in layers and are not mixed with each other, so that the laminar flow is obtained; gradually increasing the flow velocity, starting the wave-shaped oscillation of the streamline of the fluid, increasing the frequency and amplitude of the oscillation along with the increase of the flow velocity, and the flow condition is called transition flow; as the flow velocity continues to increase to a large extent, the streamlines are no longer clearly distinguishable and there are many small eddies in the flow field, known as turbulence. Under the condition of turbulent flow, the silt at the bottom of the U-shaped aqueduct can start moving when the flow speed is lower than the critical flow speed.
Therefore, the invention uses the kinetic energy of the water body in the U-shaped aqueduct to gather energy at the proper position in the U-shaped aqueduct and change the flowing speed and direction of the water body by arranging the share-shaped guide vane on the inner wall of the U-shaped aqueduct, so that the water body flowing in the U-shaped aqueduct is in a turbulent flow state to prevent the sediment suspended in the water body from depositing, and further the sediment is far away from the bottom of the U-shaped aqueduct, thereby basically achieving the aim that the sediment deposition rate of the sediment in the U-shaped aqueduct is below 5 percent and realizing the long-term, continuous and stable water delivery of the U-shaped aqueduct.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the U-shaped aqueduct of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the expanded structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the manufacturing of the discharging material of the ploughshare type guide vane in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a finished view of the ploughshare-type guide vane of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the equipment insert of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the section I-I of fig. 5.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and give detailed implementation manners and specific working procedures, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The invention discloses a method for reducing sediment deposition in a U-shaped aqueduct, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, manufacturing equipment embedded parts and ploughshare type guide vanes; the plough share type guide vane has the same structure and is a truncated cone side wall cutting piece, the radius of the upper bottom surface of the truncated cone is that the radius of the lower bottom surface is that the height is =1:3:15, and the distance between two end points of the short circular arc of the plough share type guide vane is that the distance between two end points of the long circular arc is =1: 4;
and secondly, pouring a concrete U-shaped aqueduct, arranging the equipment embedded parts on the inner wall of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct, welding each ploughshare type guide vane on each equipment embedded part one by one, and enabling the arc concave surfaces of the ploughshare type guide vanes to face the incoming water direction.
In the embodiment, the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1 is connected with the ploughshare type guide vane 2 through the equipment embedded part 3. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the device-embedded member 3 is composed of a rectangular stainless steel plate base plate 301 and a plurality of bar ribs 302. The length of the substrate 301 is an integral multiple of 300mm, and the width is 300-500 mm; the rib 302 is bent into a door-shaped structure by adopting common screw steel, and two inner hooks are manufactured at the tail part for enhancing the connection with the concrete U-shaped aqueduct. The ribs 302 are connected with the base plate 301 in a fillet welding mode, the longitudinal distance between every two adjacent ribs 302 is 300mm, and the distance between the two ends of each rib 302 and the end of the base plate 301 is 150 mm. The equipment embedded part 3 looks like a centipede worm after being manufactured.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the ploughshare-shaped guide vane 2 is of a ploughshare-shaped structure and is made by bending the side wall cutting pieces of the circular truncated cone, so that the flow state of a water body can be changed, and the sediment deposition amount in the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1 is reduced. The radius of the upper bottom surface of the circular truncated cone is that the radius of the lower bottom surface is that the height is =1:3:15, and the distance between two short circular arcs of the ploughshare type guide vane is that the distance between two long circular arcs is that =1: 4. Specifically, a circular table with a small head radius of r, a large head radius of 3r and a height of 15r is manufactured by rolling a 304 stainless steel sheet with the thickness of 5-8mm, an intersection line DC of the section of any shaft of the circular table and the side wall of the circular table is taken, a point A is taken on the circumference of the small head of the circular table, a line segment AC = h is taken, a point B is taken on the circumference of the large head of the circular table, a line segment BD =4h is taken, then a curved surface formed by A, B, D, C four points is cut out to serve as a plough share type guide vane 2, and points A and C are ground to enable the appearance to be passivated and round. Before welding and installing the ploughshare type guide vane 2, the AB edge and the CD edge of the side wall cut piece of the circular truncated cone are required to be subjected to arc bending treatment, so that the root of the ploughshare type guide vane 2 is tightly attached to the equipment embedded part on the inner wall of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1. When the ploughshare type guide vane 2 is welded with the embedded part of the equipment, a plane formed by three points A, B, C is kept parallel to the normal line of the inner circumference arc of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1.
The ploughshare type guide vanes 2 are arranged in groups and are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction, and the ploughshare type guide vanes 2 are connected with the base plate 301 of the equipment embedded parts 3 one by one in a fillet welding mode, so that each equipment embedded part 3 is installed according to the position of the ploughshare type guide vanes 2 when the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1 is poured. In the embodiment, the same group of plough share type guide vanes 2 are arranged on the cross section of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1 at intervals, the root part of each plough share type guide vane 2 is attached to an equipment embedded part arranged on the inner wall of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1, and the upstream surface of the plough share type guide vane is an arc concave surface structure obliquely crossed with the axis of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, each group of plough share guide vanes 2 includes a first plough share guide vane 201 located at the bottom of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1, and a second plough share guide vane 202 and a third plough share guide vane 203 symmetrically located above the side of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1, the first plough share guide vane 201 is located on a vertical radius, the circle center connecting lines of the second plough share guide vane 202, the third plough share guide vane 203 and the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1 form an included angle of 45 degrees with the vertical radius, and the included angles of each group of the first plough share guide vane 201, the second plough share guide vane 202 and the third plough share guide vane 203 and the axis of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct 1 are consistent and are all set at 20-25 degrees (20 degrees in fig. 2).
The ploughshare type guide vane 2 can change the flow direction of the water flowing from the bottom of the U-shaped aqueduct 1, namely the water flowing from the direction parallel to the central line of the aqueduct deflects clockwise by about 20-25 degrees; meanwhile, the single plough share type guide vane 2 can also realize local rolling of the water body, namely, the water flow advancing along the bottom of the pipeline meets the resistance and turns upwards along the plough share type guide vane 2 to form the self-rotation of the water body by 180 degrees, the effective thickness of the turning water body is 20cm, and the sediment can always run in the water body in a turbulent state through the artificially made local water body turbulence to prevent the sediment in the water body from depositing at the bottom of the aqueduct. In the embodiment, every three parts of the plough share type guide vanes 2 are combined into one group, each group of the plough share type guide vanes 2 is arranged on the cross section of the U-shaped aqueduct 1 at intervals, the effect of preventing sediment in a water body from depositing at the bottom of the aqueduct is achieved, the sediment to be deposited at the bottom of the aqueduct is rotated to the top of the aqueduct from the bottom of the aqueduct, and the problem of sediment deposition in the water conveying aqueduct is successfully solved by utilizing natural conditions that the flow velocity close to the bottom of the aqueduct and the side wall of the aqueduct is small and the flow velocity of the center of the aqueduct.
The longitudinal distance between the adjacent groups of ploughshare type guide vanes 2 along the water flow direction is determined by simulation calculation or simulation test on the particle diameter of silt, the specific gravity of the silt and the flow velocity of the water body in which the silt is located according to the construction conditions (such as the specific shape of the water delivery aqueduct, the flow velocity of the water body and the like) of the U-shaped aqueduct 1, so that the silt settling stroke and time are controlled. When the U-shaped aqueduct 1 is in normal water running, the U-shaped aqueduct runs for a certain time and a certain distance after being disturbed by the previous group of ploughshare type guide vanes 2, and when the sediment in the water body is not deposited at the bottom of the aqueduct, the U-shaped aqueduct continues to run forwards and just passes through the next group of ploughshare type guide vanes 2, thereby continuously preventing the sediment in the water body from being deposited at the bottom of the aqueduct. For a complete U-shaped aqueduct, the longitudinal distance between two adjacent groups of ploughshare type guide vanes is equal.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the kinetic energy of the water body is utilized to change the direction of the flow velocity, and a rotating turbulent flow is formed, so that the sediment deposition is reduced, the roughness of the bottom of the water delivery U-shaped aqueduct is reduced, the water energy loss is reduced, and the water delivery flow is increased.
2. The water delivery U-shaped aqueduct which operates in a perennial continuous water supply mode can reduce sediment deposition and improve water supply efficiency, and has important significance for economic development and political stability of China society.
3. The service life of the water delivery U-shaped aqueduct is prolonged, and the operation and management cost is reduced.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, terms of orientation or positional relationship such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for reducing sediment deposition in a U-shaped aqueduct is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, manufacturing equipment embedded parts and ploughshare type guide vanes; the plough share type guide vane has the same structure and is made by cutting the side wall of a circular truncated cone, the radius of the upper bottom surface of the circular truncated cone is that the radius of the lower bottom surface is that the height is =1:3:15, and the distance between two end points of the short circular arc of the plough share type guide vane is that the distance between two end points of the long circular arc is =1: 4;
and secondly, pouring a concrete U-shaped aqueduct, arranging the equipment embedded parts on the inner wall of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct, welding each ploughshare type guide vane on each equipment embedded part one by one, and enabling the arc concave surfaces of the ploughshare type guide vanes to face the incoming water direction.
2. The method of reducing silt deposits in a U-aqueduct of claim 1, wherein: the plough share type guide vanes are arranged in groups and are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction, the plough share type guide vanes in the same group are arranged on the cross section of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct at intervals, the root of each plough share type guide vane is attached to an equipment embedded part on the inner wall of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct, and the upstream surface of each plough share type guide vane is obliquely crossed with the axis of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct.
3. The method of reducing silt deposits in a U-aqueduct of claim 2, wherein: each group of the plough share type guide vanes is three, and comprises a first plough share type guide vane positioned at the bottom of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct, and a second plough share type guide vane and a third plough share type guide vane positioned above the side of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct, wherein the axis inclination angles of the first plough share type guide vane, the second plough share type guide vane and the third plough share type guide vane and the concrete U-shaped aqueduct are consistent and are all arranged at an included angle of 20-25 degrees.
4. The method of reducing silt deposits in a U-aqueduct of claim 3, wherein: the second share type guide vane and the third share type guide vane are symmetrically arranged, and form an included angle of 45 degrees with the vertical radius of the first share type guide vane.
5. The method of reducing silt deposits in a U-shaped aqueduct according to any one of claims 1 or 4, wherein: the plowshare type guide vane is a stainless steel sheet with the thickness of 5-8mm, and the planes of two short arc end points and the long arc bottom end point of the stainless steel sheet are parallel to the normal line of the inner circumference arc of the concrete U-shaped aqueduct.
6. The method of reducing silt deposits in a U-aqueduct of claim 5, wherein: the short arc and the long arc top end of the ploughshare type guide vane are of a passivation fillet structure.
7. The method of reducing silt deposits in a U-aqueduct of claim 1, wherein: the equipment embedded part is composed of a base plate and a handle rib welded on the base plate, the base plate is a rectangular stainless steel plate, the handle rib is a door-shaped deformed steel bar with an inner hook at the tail part, and the handle rib is connected with the base plate in a fillet welding mode.
8. The method of reducing silt deposits in a U-aqueduct of claim 7, wherein: the base plates correspond to the ploughshare type guide vanes one by one, and a plurality of handle ribs are uniformly arranged on each base plate at intervals along the longitudinal direction.
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| CN202110292211.7A CN112982311B (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2021-03-18 | Method for reducing sediment deposition in U-shaped aqueduct |
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| CN202110292211.7A CN112982311B (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2021-03-18 | Method for reducing sediment deposition in U-shaped aqueduct |
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101003970A (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2007-07-25 | 谭培根 | Conveyer way of self-discharging sand |
| JP2010001698A (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2010-01-07 | Kunihiro Suzuki | Sediment discharge of head works |
| CN208501642U (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-02-15 | 河南沃德智能化工程有限公司 | A kind of water conservancy irrigation water channel with dredging function |
| CN211773375U (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-10-27 | 上海山恒生态科技股份有限公司 | Novel ecological water conservancy diversion canal |
-
2021
- 2021-03-18 CN CN202110292211.7A patent/CN112982311B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101003970A (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2007-07-25 | 谭培根 | Conveyer way of self-discharging sand |
| JP2010001698A (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2010-01-07 | Kunihiro Suzuki | Sediment discharge of head works |
| CN208501642U (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-02-15 | 河南沃德智能化工程有限公司 | A kind of water conservancy irrigation water channel with dredging function |
| CN211773375U (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-10-27 | 上海山恒生态科技股份有限公司 | Novel ecological water conservancy diversion canal |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 周志远等: "《灌溉管理》", 31 August 1965, 中国工业出版社, pages: 8 - 3 * |
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