CN112981563B

CN112981563B - Hollow basalt fiber manufacturing device and manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: CN112981563B
Application number: CN202110148206.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨中甲
Original assignee: Beihang University
Current assignee: Beihang University
Priority date: 2021-02-03
Filing date: 2021-02-03
Publication date: 2022-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-03
Also published as: CN112981563A

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for manufacturing hollow basalt fibers, and relates to the technical field of basalt manufacturing. The device comprises crushing equipment, lava equipment and wire drawing equipment, wherein the crushing equipment is used for crushing basalt ore, the lava equipment is used for enabling the basalt ore to be in a molten state, and the wire drawing equipment is used for carrying out wire drawing treatment on the basalt ore in the molten state; the wire drawing equipment comprises a wire drawing kiln and a wire drawing bushing, the wire drawing kiln is used for melting basalt ore, the wire drawing bushing comprises a bushing body, a filter screen and a needle core assembly, the bushing body is provided with a cavity, the cavity is provided with an opening and a bottom wall which are oppositely arranged, the filter screen cover is arranged at the opening, the filter screen is provided with a through hole, the through hole is communicated with the cavity, the bottom wall is provided with a mounting hole, and the needle core assembly is mounted in the mounting hole. The manufacturing method of the hollow basalt fiber manufacturing device can realize the manufacturing of the hollow basalt fiber, and has better cost control.

Description

Hollow basalt fiber manufacturing device and manufacturing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of basalt manufacturing, in particular to a device and a method for manufacturing hollow basalt fibers.

Background

The basalt continuous fiber is a pure natural inorganic non-metallic material and is one of the most important components in the new material industry. The traditional solid basalt fiber has larger density generally, and is usually 2.6-2.7g/cm³Left and right. The fiber reinforced composite material is generally used as a structural bearing force in the fiber reinforced composite material industry, so that the composite material has higher density. Meanwhile, the solid fiber has weak sound insulation and heat insulation performance, and is difficult to simultaneously exert the structural and functional integration characteristics of the fiber, so that the application field of the traditional solid basalt fiber which needs to simultaneously meet the structural and functional requirements is greatly limited.

The inventor of the application discovers that in the process of realizing the technical scheme: at present, all the forming equipment for basalt fibers is directed to traditional solid fibers, and the forming equipment related to the manufacture of hollow basalt fibers does not appear.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a device and a method for manufacturing hollow basalt fibers, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, can realize the manufacture of the hollow basalt fibers and have better cost control.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides a hollow basalt fiber manufacturing device which comprises crushing equipment, lava equipment and wire drawing equipment, wherein the crushing equipment is used for crushing basalt ore, the lava equipment is used for enabling the basalt ore to be in a molten state, and the wire drawing equipment is used for carrying out wire drawing treatment on the basalt ore in the molten state; the wire drawing equipment includes wire drawing kiln and wire drawing bushing, the wire drawing kiln is used for the melting the basalt ore, the wire drawing bushing includes bushing body, filter screen and nook closing member, the bushing body has the cavity, the cavity top is provided with the opening, and the diapire is installed to the bottom, the filter screen is laid in the opening part, evenly seted up on the filter screen a plurality of with the through-hole of cavity intercommunication, be provided with a plurality of mounting holes on the diapire, every all install one in the mounting hole the nook closing member.

Optionally, the two ends of the bottom of the bushing body are symmetrically provided with bushing electrodes, and the bushing electrodes are provided with connecting holes.

Optionally, the wire drawing bushing further comprises a connecting terminal, the connecting terminal is arranged on the bushing body, and the connecting terminal is located on the side wall of the bushing body between the two bushing electrodes.

Optionally, the filter screen is provided with symmetrically arranged positioning portions, the top of the bushing body is provided with a limiting portion on the surrounding edge, and the positioning portions can be connected with the limiting portion in a matched manner.

Optionally, the needle core assembly includes a needle core body and a discharge spout, the discharge spout is located outside the cavity and is disposed on the outer bottom wall of the bushing body, and the discharge spout and the mounting hole are coaxially disposed; the needle core body is arranged on the mounting hole, the lower end of the needle core body sequentially penetrates through the mounting hole and the discharge spout, and an annular gap is formed between the needle core body and the inner wall of the discharge spout.

Optionally, the stylet body comprises an installation part and an extension part which are connected with each other, the installation part is installed in the installation hole, and the extension part extends out of the cavity and is provided with the annular gap between the discharge spout.

Optionally, the mounting portion is provided with a recess communicating with the chamber and the mounting hole.

Optionally, the mounting hole includes first mounting hole and the second mounting hole that communicates each other, the aperture of first mounting hole is greater than the aperture of second mounting hole, the installation department install in first mounting hole department, first mounting hole with the cavity with the recess intercommunication, the extension is followed the outside extension of second mounting hole.

Optionally, the device further comprises a cleaning device and a drying device, wherein the cleaning device is used for cleaning and removing impurities from the basalt ore, and the drying device is used for drying the cleaned basalt ore.

The invention also provides a method for manufacturing the hollow basalt fiber based on the device, which comprises the following steps:

1) washing basalt ore, removing impurities attached to the surface, and sending the ore into a blast dryer to remove moisture;

2) primarily crushing basalt ore, adding the crushed basalt ore into a basalt lava furnace, heating to 1500 ℃, cooling and solidifying the liquid basalt melt into an amorphous massive raw material;

3) assembling a wire drawing bushing plate and preparing a wire drawing furnace body, wherein the diameter of a needle core assembly is selected to be 1.5mm, the inner diameter of a discharge spout is selected to be 2.5mm, and the tail end of the needle core is ground into a conical shape;

4) then crushing the processed ore by a crusher to obtain basalt mineral powder with the fineness of 2.0-4.0 mm; adding the mixture into a wire drawing kiln, heating to 1200 ℃ and 1400 ℃ to melt the mineral powder into a liquid state; the basalt hollow fiber is formed by drawing and cooling the bushing plate in the air and drawing rapidly under the action of a tension roller, the drawing speed is adjusted, and the finally prepared basalt hollow fiber has the outer diameter of 10-14 mu m and the inner diameter of 6-8 mu m.

Compared with the prior art, the invention achieves the following technical effects:

the crushing device of the hollow basalt fiber manufacturing device is used for crushing basalt ore, the lava device is used for enabling the basalt ore to be in a molten state, the wire drawing device is used for carrying out wire drawing treatment on the basalt ore in the molten state, the wire drawing kiln is used for melting the basalt ore, the bushing plate body is used for arranging the cavity, and an opening of the cavity is used for being matched with the filter screen so that the molten basalt enters the cavity. The bottom wall of the cavity is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the needle core assembly, so that molten basalt in the cavity is molded through the needle core assembly, and further the manufacturing of hollow basalt fibers is realized. The hollow basalt fiber manufacturing system provided by the invention can realize the manufacturing of the hollow basalt fiber, and has better cost control.

The density of the hollow basalt fiber prepared by the bushing plate is low, the density is about 1.5-2g/cm3, the basalt fiber prepared by the bushing plate is in a round hollow structure form, the outer diameter is about 7-20 μm, and the inner diameter is about 5-10 μm. The diameter of the basalt hollow fiber is controlled by adjusting the diameter and the length of the outer nozzle and the needle core assembly, the electrode heating temperature of the bushing plate and the wire drawing speed, the temperature unevenness of the fiber surface and the inner layer is reduced compared with the traditional solid basalt fiber, the core-skin phenomenon is reduced, the defects and the porosity of the wire drawn hollow basalt fiber are reduced compared with the traditional basalt fiber, and the wire drawn hollow basalt fiber has higher tensile strength and modulus compared with the traditional solid basalt fiber.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a basalt bushing tip provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a basalt bushing tip provided in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a bushing body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a filter screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 2 at V;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a stylet assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention from a first perspective;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a stylet assembly provided by an embodiment of the invention at a second viewing angle;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a body of a stylet provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a mounting hole provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 10-basalt wire drawing bushing; 100-a bushing body; 101-a chamber; 102-an opening; 110-a bottom wall; 112-mounting holes; 1121 — first mounting hole; 1122-a second mounting hole; 120-a side wall; 130-a bushing electrode; 140-a limiting part; 200-a filter screen; 201-a through hole; 210-a positioning section; 300-a stylet assembly; 301-annular gap; 302-a groove; 310-a stylet body; 311-a mounting part; 312-an extension; 320-a discharge spout; 400-connecting terminal.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the present embodiment provides a hollow basalt fiber manufacturing system, which is capable of realizing the manufacture of hollow basalt fibers and has a better cost control.

It should be noted that the hollow basalt fiber manufacturing system provided by the present embodiment may be used to manufacture hollow basalt fibers. The existing hollow basalt fiber manufacturing system can only be used for manufacturing solid basalt fibers, the solid basalt fibers are weak in sound insulation and heat insulation performance, the structure and function integration of the fibers is difficult to play, and the application field of the traditional basalt fibers which need to meet the structure and function requirements at the same time is greatly limited. The hollow basalt fiber manufacturing system provided by the embodiment can be used for manufacturing hollow basalt fibers, the sound insulation and heat insulation performance of the hollow basalt fibers is greatly improved, and the hollow basalt fibers can be used for building interior wall materials and interior materials of rail transit; meanwhile, the hollow basalt fiber can replace an ultrafiltration membrane to be used for substance separation and purification, and substances are selectively separated by changing the inner diameter size of the hollow fiber and the microstructure of the fiber surface.

The hollow basalt fiber manufacturing system provided by the embodiment comprises crushing equipment, lava equipment and wire drawing equipment, wherein the crushing equipment is used for crushing basalt ore, the lava equipment is used for enabling the basalt ore to be in a molten state, and the wire drawing equipment is used for carrying out wire drawing treatment on the basalt ore in the molten state; the wire drawing equipment comprises a wire drawing kiln and a wire drawing bushing 10, wherein the wire drawing kiln is used for melting basalt ore, the wire drawing bushing 10 comprises a bushing body 100, a filter screen 200 and a needle core assembly 300, the bushing body 100 is provided with a cavity 101, the cavity 101 is provided with an opening 102 and a bottom wall 110 which are oppositely arranged, the filter screen 200 is covered on the opening 102, the filter screen 200 is provided with a through hole 201, the through hole 201 is communicated with the cavity 101, the bottom wall 110 is provided with a mounting hole 112, and the needle core assembly 300 is mounted in the mounting hole 112.

It will be appreciated that the bushing body 100 is used to provide a chamber 101, the opening 102 of which chamber 101 is used to cooperate with the screen 200 to allow molten basalt to enter the chamber 101. The bottom wall 110 of the chamber 101 is provided with a mounting hole 112 for mounting the needle core assembly 300 so that the molten basalt inside the chamber 101 is molded by the needle core assembly 300, thereby achieving the manufacture of the hollow basalt fiber.

Meanwhile, it is also understood that the manner in which the stylet assembly 300 is disposed in the mounting hole 112 may be detachable or may be integrally disposed. When the stylet assembly 300 is removably connected to the mounting bore 112, the stylet assembly 300 can be replaced as needed, such as with different diameters of hollow basalt fibers, etc. The stylet assembly 300 is detachably connected with the mounting hole 112, so that the stylet assembly 300 can be conveniently replaced, the diameter of the stylet is conveniently replaced according to different fiber requirements, and the using amount of platinum-rhodium alloy is reduced (the filter screen 200 usually adopts platinum-rhodium alloy), so that the cost is greatly reduced. The removable connection between the stylet assembly 300 and the mounting hole 112 can be a threaded connection, a snap connection, or the like.

Meanwhile, it should be noted that the number of the through holes 201 on the filter screen 200 may be 60 to 100, and of course, the number may also be set according to actual needs, and is not specifically limited herein.

Optionally, the bushing body 100 is further provided with a bushing electrode 130, and the bushing electrode 130 is used for heating the bushing body 100 when being electrified.

Further, the bushing electrode 130 is disposed on two opposite ends of the bushing body 100, and the bushing electrode 130 is provided with a connecting hole.

Optionally, the bushing 10 further includes a connection terminal 400, the connection terminal 400 is disposed on the bushing body 100 and located on a different side of the bushing body 100 from the bushing electrode 130, and the connection terminal 400 is used for electrically connecting to a thermocouple to detect the temperature of the bushing body 100.

It should be noted that, when the bushing 10 provided in this embodiment is used: placing the stone crushed into blocks into a basalt wire drawing furnace, after high-temperature melting, enabling the basalt high-temperature molten slurry to firstly pass through a filter screen 200 and then flow into a cavity 101 of a bushing body 100, and enabling the basalt high-temperature molten slurry to pass through a needle core assembly 300; when the melt contacts with air, the melt is cooled and solidified, and is drawn by the force of a wire drawing device to form the basalt hollow fiber. Wherein the bushing electrode 130 is connected to a power supply and heats the bushing body 100, and a connection terminal 400 is installed on the bushing for electrical connection with a thermocouple to detect the temperature in the bushing body 100 or the chamber 101.

Optionally, the bushing body 100 has four sidewalls 120, the four sidewalls 120 and the bottom wall 110 enclose a cavity 101, the bushing electrode 130 is disposed on two sidewalls 120 of the four sidewalls 120 that are not adjacent to each other, and the connection terminal 400 is disposed on the other two sidewalls 120 that are not adjacent to each other, so as to facilitate the use of the connection terminal 400 and the bushing electrode 130.

Optionally, at least one of the four side walls 120 is obliquely arranged so that the cross-sectional dimension of the opening 102 of the chamber 101 is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the bottom wall 110.

It will be appreciated that at least one of the four sidewalls 120 is inclined to facilitate the flow of molten basalt along the inclined sidewall 120.

Meanwhile, it should also be noted that, when at least one of the four side walls 120 is disposed obliquely, any side wall 120 may be disposed obliquely, for example, any one of the side walls 120 is disposed obliquely, any two of the side walls 120 are disposed obliquely, any three of the side walls 120 are disposed obliquely, or all four of the side walls 120 are disposed obliquely. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the four side walls 120 are inclined so as to ensure that the molten basalt can flow on each side wall 120.

Optionally, the filter screen 200 is further provided with a positioning portion 210, the bushing body 100 is provided with a limiting portion 140, and the positioning portion 210 is connected with the limiting portion 140 to dispose the filter screen 200 on the bushing body 100.

It can be understood that the filter screen 200 can be conveniently mounted on the bushing body 100 by the cooperation of the positioning portion 210 and the limiting portion 140, and the positions of the positioning portion and the limiting portion can be ensured, so as to ensure that the molten basalt enters the cavity 101 through the through hole 201 on the filter screen 200.

Optionally, the positioning portion 210 is a protrusion, and the position-limiting portion 140 is a position-limiting groove engaged with the protrusion. Further, the limiting groove may penetrate through the bushing body 100, and the protrusion of the positioning portion 210 may be leaked from the other side of the limiting groove, so as to further ensure the stable connection between the two.

Referring to fig. 5 to 8, optionally, the needle core assembly 300 includes a needle core body 310 and a discharge spout 320, the discharge spout 320 is disposed outside the cavity 101 and disposed on the bushing body 100, the needle core body 310 is mounted on the mounting hole 112 and passes through the discharge spout 320, and an annular gap 301 is disposed between the needle core body 310 and the discharge spout 320.

It should be noted that the discharge spout 320 may be an annular tubular structure and disposed around the core body 310. The annular gap 301 is formed between the needle core body 310 and the discharge spout 320, and the needle core body 310 may also extend from the end of the discharge spout 320, for example, by about 3-10 mm. Basalt located within chamber 101 flows into the stylet body 310 and along the annular gap 301. The basalt contacts cold air, the temperature is rapidly cooled, the viscosity of the molten liquid is rapidly increased, the phase state change occurs, and the molten liquid is changed into a solid state from a molten state.

Optionally, the core body 310 comprises a mounting portion 311 and an extension portion 312 connected with each other, the mounting portion 311 is mounted on the mounting hole 112, and the extension portion 312 extends from the mounting hole 112 to the outside of the chamber 101 and provides an annular gap 301 with the discharge spout 320. The mounting portion 311 is used for mounting the stylet body 310, and the extension portion 312 is used for forming an annular gap 301 with the discharge spout 320 and extending out of the discharge spout 320.

Optionally, the mounting portion 311 is provided with a recess 302 communicating with the chamber 101 and the mounting hole 112, so that the molten substance located in the chamber 101 enters the annular gap 301 through the recess 302 and the mounting hole 112. The groove 302 facilitates the flow of melt into the core assembly 300 and into the annular gap 301.

Referring to fig. 9, alternatively, the mounting hole 112 includes a first mounting hole 1121 and a second mounting hole 1122 that are communicated with each other, the aperture of the first mounting hole 1121 is larger than the aperture of the second mounting hole 1122, the mounting portion 311 is mounted to the first mounting hole 1121, the first mounting hole 1121 is communicated with the cavity 101 and the recess 302, and the extending portion 312 extends outward from the second mounting hole 1122.

Optionally, the hollow basalt fiber manufacturing system further comprises a cleaning device and a drying device, the cleaning device is used for cleaning and removing impurities from basalt ore, and the drying device is used for drying the cleaned basalt ore.

When the hollow basalt fiber manufacturing system provided by the embodiment is used for manufacturing the hollow basalt fiber: cooling and solidifying the molten basalt ore into basalt amorphous ore; crushing the basalt amorphous ore to obtain basalt mineral powder; and after the pulverization treatment, the basalt ore powder is in a molten state and subjected to wire drawing treatment to complete the manufacture of the hollow basalt.

Optionally, before the basalt ore is to be melted, the hollow basalt fiber manufacturing method further includes: crushing basalt ore; and carrying out melting treatment on the basalt ore after the treatment is finished.

Optionally, the hollow basalt fiber manufacturing method further includes, before subjecting the basalt ore to a pulverization process: washing the basalt ore to remove impurities attached to the surface of the basalt ore; and after the washing is finished, drying the basalt ore.

Optionally, the step of drawing comprises: adding basalt mineral powder into a wire drawing kiln, and heating to 1200-1400 ℃ to melt the basalt mineral powder into liquid basalt melt; the basalt mineral powder in liquid state passes through the wire drawing bushing 10 and is cooled in the air, so as to prepare the hollow basalt fiber.

The hollow basalt fiber manufacturing system provided by the embodiment has the following beneficial effects: the basalt ore smelting furnace is used for smelting basalt ore, the bushing body 100 is used for arranging a cavity 101, and an opening 102 of the cavity 101 is used for being matched with the filter screen 200 so that the molten basalt enters the cavity 101. The bottom wall 110 of the chamber 101 is provided with a mounting hole 112 for mounting the needle core assembly 300 so that the molten basalt inside the chamber 101 is molded by the needle core assembly 300, thereby achieving the manufacture of the hollow basalt fiber. The hollow basalt fiber manufacturing system provided by the embodiment can realize the manufacturing of the hollow basalt fiber, and has better cost control.

In addition, the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the hollow basalt fiber, which comprises the following steps:

2) primarily crushing basalt ore, adding the crushed basalt ore into a basalt molten rock furnace, heating to about 1500 ℃, gradually melting the basalt ore, filtering out unmelted impurities, cooling and solidifying a liquid basalt melt into an amorphous blocky raw material, commonly called obsidian, wherein the color of the raw material is gradually changed into black and the surface of the raw material is bright.

3) Assembling a wire drawing bushing plate and preparing a wire drawing furnace body, selecting the needle core diameter of a needle core assembly to be 1.5mm, selecting the inner diameter of an outer discharge spout to be about 2.5mm, and grinding the tail end of the needle core into a conical shape.

4) Then crushing the processed ore by a crusher to obtain basalt mineral powder with the fineness of 2.0-4.0 mm; adding the mixture into a wire drawing kiln, heating to 1200 ℃ and 1400 ℃ to melt the mineral powder into a liquid state; the basalt hollow fiber is formed by drawing and cooling rapidly in the air through a bushing plate and drawing rapidly under the action of a tension roller, the drawing speed is adjusted, and the finally prepared basalt hollow fiber has the outer diameter of about 10-14 mu m and the inner diameter of about 6-8 mu m.

The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. A hollow basalt fiber manufacturing device is characterized in that: the basalt ore processing device comprises crushing equipment, lava equipment and wire drawing equipment, wherein the crushing equipment is used for crushing basalt ore, the lava equipment is used for enabling the basalt ore to be in a molten state, and the wire drawing equipment is used for carrying out wire drawing treatment on the basalt ore in the molten state; the wire drawing equipment comprises a wire drawing kiln and a wire drawing bushing plate, wherein the wire drawing kiln is used for melting the basalt ore, the wire drawing bushing plate comprises a bushing plate body, a filter screen and a needle core assembly, the bushing plate body is provided with a cavity, the top end of the cavity is provided with an opening, the bottom of the cavity is provided with a bottom wall, the filter screen is laid at the opening, a plurality of through holes communicated with the cavity are uniformly formed in the filter screen, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the bottom wall, and one needle core assembly is mounted in each mounting hole; the needle core assembly comprises a needle core body and a discharge spout, the discharge spout is positioned outside the cavity and arranged on the outer bottom wall of the bushing body, and the discharge spout and the mounting hole are coaxially arranged; the needle core body is arranged on the mounting hole, the lower end of the needle core body sequentially penetrates through the mounting hole and the discharge spout, and an annular gap is formed between the needle core body and the inner wall of the discharge spout; the needle core body comprises a mounting part and an extension part which are connected with each other, the mounting part is mounted in the mounting hole, the extension part extends out of the cavity from the mounting hole, and an annular gap is formed between the extension part and the discharge spout; the mounting portion is provided with a groove communicating with the chamber and the mounting hole.

2. The hollow basalt fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: and two ends of the bottom of the bushing body are symmetrically provided with bushing electrodes, and the bushing electrodes are provided with connecting holes.

3. The hollow basalt fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the wire drawing bushing plate further comprises connecting terminals, the connecting terminals are arranged on the bushing plate body and are located on the side wall of the bushing plate body between the bushing plate electrodes.

4. The hollow basalt fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: the filter screen is provided with positioning parts which are symmetrically arranged, the surrounding edge at the top of the bushing body is provided with a limiting part, and the positioning parts can be matched and connected with the limiting part.

5. The hollow basalt fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting hole includes first mounting hole and the second mounting hole of mutual intercommunication, the aperture of first mounting hole is greater than the aperture of second mounting hole, the installation department install in first mounting hole department, first mounting hole with the cavity with the recess intercommunication, the extension is followed the outside extension of second mounting hole.

6. The hollow basalt fiber manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the cleaning equipment is used for cleaning and removing impurities from the basalt ore, and the drying equipment is used for drying the cleaned basalt ore.

7. A method for manufacturing hollow basalt fiber in the hollow basalt fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: the method comprises the following steps:

3) assembling a wire drawing bushing plate and preparing a wire drawing furnace body, selecting a needle core of a needle core assembly to have the diameter of 1.5mm, selecting the inner diameter of a discharge spout to be 2.5mm, and grinding the tail end of the needle core into a conical shape;