CN112979234B - Concrete mixture for producing PHC pipe pile by steam-free curing and application thereof - Google Patents
Concrete mixture for producing PHC pipe pile by steam-free curing and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112979234B CN112979234B CN201911298873.4A CN201911298873A CN112979234B CN 112979234 B CN112979234 B CN 112979234B CN 201911298873 A CN201911298873 A CN 201911298873A CN 112979234 B CN112979234 B CN 112979234B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
- B28B21/56—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles incorporating reinforcements or inserts
- B28B21/60—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles incorporating reinforcements or inserts prestressed reinforcements
- B28B21/62—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles incorporating reinforcements or inserts prestressed reinforcements circumferential laterally tensioned
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a concrete mixture for producing PHC pipe piles without steam curing and application thereof. The concrete mixture comprises a cementing material, a water reducing agent, a nanocrystal core dispersion liquid, water, sand and crushed stone, wherein the cementing material comprises cement, silica fume and mineral powder; the contents of the components are as follows: 360kg/m of cement 3 ‑420kg/m 3 Silica fume 5kg/m 3 ‑15kg/m 3 40-80kg/m of mineral powder 3 120-140kg/m of water 3 780-830kg/m of sand 3 1040-1110kg/m of crushed stone 3 The mass of the water reducer is 1.0-1.5% of the total mass of the cementing material, and the mass of the nanocrystal core dispersion liquid is 2-6% of the total mass of the cementing material. The invention realizes the coordination and unification of the low water-glue ratio, low viscosity, early slump retention and high early strength of the tubular pile concrete mixture through the compound combination of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizers with different functions, and meets the PHC tubular pile forming process; the nano calcium silicate is used for providing crystal nucleus in the early stage of cement hydration, shortening the cement hydration induction period and accelerating the cement hydration so as to improve the early strength of concrete; and the invention realizes zero energy consumption maintenance of tubular pile production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a concrete mixture and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a concrete mixture for preparing PHC pipe piles without steam curing production and application thereof in pipe pile production.
Background
In China, the high-strength prestressed concrete pipe pile (PHC pipe pile for short) is one of the most widely used concrete prefabricated parts. Because of high strength (more than 80 MPa), convenient construction, the pipe pile is widely applied to the infrastructure construction of industrial civil buildings, high-speed railways, highways, ports and wharfs, cross-sea bridges and the like, and the annual pipe pile yield in China is more than 3 hundred million meters.
In order to improve efficiency and accelerate turnover of production lines and molds, PHC pipe piles are produced in an industrial prefabrication mode, a two-stage steam curing method is generally adopted to accelerate concrete strength development, namely, after the pipe piles are molded in a mold, normal-pressure steam (90 ℃) is used for curing for 5-8 hours, and after the molds are removed, the concrete is continuously cured for 6-10 hours under a high-pressure (1 MPa,180 ℃) environment. Thus, the production process can be huge. According to the report of literature, the energy consumption of the existing PHC tubular pile production is as high as 4kg/m 3 Above, therefore, the coal-fired boiler brings a large amount of smoke pollution and potential safety hazard. In addition, the performance of the concrete subjected to high-pressure steam curing such as chloride ion permeation resistance, freeze thawing resistance and the like is seriously reduced. Studies show that the number of freeze-thawing cycle times of the concrete subjected to high-pressure steam curing is less than 100, and PHC pipe piles are limited in some engineering fields with strict requirements on durability.
The production process for reducing energy consumption and promoting green color is an important subject of the traditional building material industry, which is suitable for the national sustainable development strategy. In the technical field of PHC pipe pile production, a great deal of technological innovation and technological attempt are made. As disclosed in chinese patent 200910041268.9, a method for producing PHC pile by using a non-autoclaved process is characterized in that a large amount of mineral admixture is used, and the hydration activity of the mineral admixture is excited by an alkaline material, so as to improve the early strength of concrete, avoid the process of high-pressure steam curing, save a certain production energy consumption, but the influence of alkali metal ions on the durability of the concrete is not neglected. Chinese patent CN201310059143.5 discloses a method for preparing mineral admixture capable of realizing the high pressure steam curing process of pipe pile, which is characterized in that sulfate is used to excite the fine blast furnace slag, so as to improve early hydration activity, but the use of a large amount of sulfate can increase cracking risk of concrete. CN201310058021.4 discloses a concrete mixture for PHC pile and a method for producing pile, which is characterized in that the pumping and die filling of the pile mixture is realized by using functional chemical additives and mineral admixtures, and meanwhile, the high-pressure steam curing link is avoided. The method can avoid high-pressure steam curing, reduce the energy consumption of production to a certain extent and reduce the environmental pollution brought by a coal-fired boiler, but can not thoroughly solve the problems of environmental pollution and energy consumption in the tubular pile production process.
CN201610256566.X discloses a PHC tubular pile material free of steam curing and a preparation method thereof, which is mainly characterized in that a high-performance water reducing agent is used for greatly reducing the water-cement ratio of concrete, and active mineral admixture such as superfine powder is used for improving the early strength of the concrete. According to the method, a large amount of ultrafine powder is used as a cementing material, the cost of raw materials for producing the pipe pile is obviously increased, and because the water-cement ratio of the concrete mixture prepared by the method is extremely low, fluidization production of concrete is difficult to realize, the pipe pile is still produced by adopting a common die opening process, the degree of automation is low, and the labor intensity of workers is extremely high. Although steam curing can be completely omitted, the method requires 18h of tubular pile die curing, and the die curing time is greatly increased compared with 8h of the conventional steam process, so that the turnover of the die and the continuous operation of the production line are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of high energy consumption and low automation degree in the PHC pipe pile production process, the invention provides the concrete mixture for producing the PHC pipe pile without steam curing and the application thereof, and the invention realizes the complete green production of the pipe pile by adopting the high-performance water reducing agent with early strength function and the method capable of providing crystal nucleus required by early hydration of cement, so that the demolding strength of the pipe pile can reach more than 45MPa within 10-16h under the conditions of maintaining the concrete for good fluidity and working performance, and the 3d reaches more than 80MPa under the condition of ensuring the concrete to have good fluidity and working performance.
The literature reports that polycarboxylic acid molecules with long side chains have large steric hindrance, have low coverage rate on the surfaces of cement particles, are more beneficial to early hydration of cement, and can obviously accelerate the initial hydration rate of cement. The researchers of the invention find that in the tubular pile concrete system, the polycarboxylate water reducer with a long side chain molecular structure has an early strength function and also has more excellent water reducing function due to the low consumption of cementing materials, low water gel ratio (0.27-0.35) and less concrete slurry amount. In addition, the pipe pile is required to be centrifugally formed, the centrifugal forming process is completed within 10-30 minutes after concrete pouring is completed, the loss of concrete fluidity is too fast, centrifugal difficulty can be caused, the mechanical property and the appearance quality of the pipe pile are affected, the slump retaining time of the concrete is too long, the mechanical property development is slow in the steam curing process, and the strength is insufficient. Therefore, the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer with the early slump retaining function is more suitable for the production of PHC tubular pile concrete. In the aspect of the development of the strength of the concrete, because the early stage of cement hydration has a longer induction period, the early strength of the concrete using the conventional chemical additive is slowly developed, and the crystal nucleus of the hydration of the early stage of the cement hydration product can be provided by adding nano-scale particles similar to the crystal structure of the cement hydration product, so that the induction period of the cement hydration is shortened, and the development of the early strength of the concrete is accelerated. The inventors found that the early strength effect of nano-scale nuclei is more pronounced at low hydrocolloids than in concrete systems.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a concrete mixture for producing PHC pipe piles without steam curing, which comprises a cementing material, a water reducing agent, a nanocrystal core dispersion liquid, water, sand and crushed stone, wherein the cementing material comprises cement, silica fume and mineral powder;
the concrete mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
the mass of the water reducer is 1.0-1.5% of the total mass of the cementing material, and the mass of the nanocrystal core dispersion liquid is 2-6% of the total mass of the cementing material;
the cement is selected from PO52.5 cement or PII52.5 cement.
The specific surface area of the mineral powder is more than 400m 2 The activity index per kg is greater than 90% for 1 day and greater than 115% for 28 days.
The silica fume has average grain size of 0.1-0.3 um and specific surface area of 20-28 m 2 /g。
The sand selected by the invention is selected from river sand or machine-made sand, the fineness modulus is 2.3-3.0, wherein the content of the particles with the particle diameter of less than 0.3mm is more than 15%, and the content of the particles with the particle diameter of less than 0.15mm is more than 5%.
The invention selects the broken stone with the mud block content less than 0.5wt%, the needle-shaped content less than 10wt%, the 5-25mm continuous grading is met, the porosity is less than 42%, the porosity index can be realized by selecting the broken stone with different particle size ranges, and the technology is well known to the person skilled in the art.
Through a large number of experiments, the inventor finds that the selection of the concrete water reducer is limited to a certain extent in order to realize the steam-free curing and the pumping cloth production of the PHC pipe pile. The water reducer selected by the invention is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer, and consists of the following components in percentage by mass:
polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer (folded solid) 15-20%
0.05 to 0.2 percent of defoaming agent
The balance of water is water,
the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent;
the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer is a mixed solution of an aqueous solution of a polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer I and an aqueous solution of a polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer II, wherein the mass ratio of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer I to the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer II in the mixed solution is 1:1-4:1, the structural formula of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer I is shown as the formula (1), and the structural formula of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer II is shown as the formula (2); the mass concentration of the solute in the aqueous solution of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer I is 40%, the mass concentration of the solute in the aqueous solution of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer II is 40%,
wherein a and b are the connection numbers of the repeating units, the absolute value of the connection numbers is determined by the molecular weight of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer I, but the relative molar ratio of a to b is 4-8, and n is an integer of 120-160; the weight average molecular weight of the polycarboxylic superplasticizer I shown in the formula (1) is 50000-100000. Chinese patent 200710024392 discloses a method for preparing a high molecular polymer dispersant of formula (1), which can be prepared by a skilled person according to the disclosed technique.
Wherein, x is y, p=1.2-2.5:2.0-3.0:1, q is an integer of 60-120, and x, y and p are integers; the weight average molecular weight of the polymer of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer II shown in the formula (2) is 30000-60000. Chinese patent CN105712649a discloses a method for preparing a high molecular polymer represented by formula (2), and those skilled in the art can prepare the polymer according to the disclosed technology.
The defoamer is a modified polyether defoamer, all from commercially available products such as DF-110D.
The nanocrystal core dispersion liquid is a suspension liquid of amphoteric metal modified nano calcium silicate, and the chemical structure of the amphoteric metal modified nano calcium silicate is dCaO eAl 2 O 3 ·fZnO·SiO 2 ·6H 2 O, wherein d is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.8,0.60, e is more than or equal to 1, f is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.48, and the solid content of the nanocrystal core dispersion liquid is 6-12%. Within the scope of the present invention, chinese patent CN201510862171 discloses a process for its preparation, which can be made by a person skilled in the art according to the disclosed technology.
The preparation method of the concrete mixture comprises the following steps: the concrete mixture is prepared by mixing the raw materials by a stirrer, wherein in the mixing process, the cementing material, sand and broken stone are uniformly stirred, the adding sequence of the materials is not limited, and finally, the water reducer, the nanocrystal core dispersion liquid and water are added into the stirrer, and the concrete mixture is obtained after uniform stirring.
The concrete mixture has good fluidity and workability, and is used for producing PHC pipe piles without steam curing, and the application method of the concrete mixture comprises the following steps: inputting the concrete mixture into a pipe die which is subjected to die assembly and prestress tensioning by using a concrete pump through a guide pipe, and finishing mechanized distribution; after the cloth is finished, centrifugal molding is carried out, and then the cloth is directly put into a room temperature curing pool or a storage yard for curing before demolding, wherein the environmental temperature is kept above 20 ℃ in the curing process; after 10-14 hours of curing, the tubular pile can reach the demolding strength of more than 45 MPa; and (3) removing the die, lifting to a finished product storage yard, and continuing to maintain for 3 days to reach the factory strength of more than 80 MPa.
The initial slump, the expansion degree and the 30-minute slump were used to evaluate the fluidity of concrete and its retaining property. The initial slump of the concrete mixture is 180-220 mm, and the expansion degree is 450-600 mm. The viscosity of the concrete is characterized by using a slump evacuation time method well known to those skilled in the art, and the slump evacuation time of the concrete mixture is 6-10s.
The technical effects obtained by the technical scheme are as follows:
(1) By utilizing the technical advantages of the function diversification of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer, the technical characteristics of the tubular pile concrete are matched through the compounding combination of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizers with different functions, the coordination and unification of the low water-gel ratio, low viscosity, early slump retention and high early strength of the tubular pile concrete mixture are realized, and the PHC tubular pile forming process is satisfied;
(2) The nano calcium silicate provides crystal nucleus for early stage of cement hydration, shortens the cement hydration induction period, accelerates cement hydration, and thus improves early strength of concrete.
By implementing the invention, not only the zero-energy conservation of the tubular pile production is realized, but also the high early strength of the concrete can be realized without greatly reducing the water-cement ratio of the concrete, so that the concrete is easier to realize fluidized production, is more suitable for the tubular pile pumping production process, saves the manual labor and improves the automation level.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only further illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
The molecular structure parameters of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizers used in the examples are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1 types and codes of superplasticizers
Table 2 formulation of polycarboxylate superplasticizer (percent solids mass%)
The chemical structural parameters of the nanocrystal core dispersion used in the examples are shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 nanocrystal core dispersion types and codes
Specific examples of the present invention are shown in Table 4, wherein comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 use the concrete mix ratio commonly used for PHC pipe piles, and the water reducer is a commercially available standard polycarboxylate water reducer
The water reducing agent is detected according to GB8076 concrete admixture, and the water reducing rate is 32.5%. Wherein cement 1 is field PII52.5 cement, and cement 2 is conch PO52.5 cement. The sand 1 is river sand, the fineness modulus is 2.7, wherein the particle content of the particle with the particle diameter of less than 0.3mm is 18%, and the particle content of the particle with the particle diameter of less than 0.15mm is more than 5%; the sand 2 is machine-made sand, the fineness modulus is 2.9, wherein the particle content below 0.3mm is 20%, and the particle content below 0.15mm is more than 5%. In the embodiment, the crushed stone is 5-25mm continuous graded crushed stone, the content of the mud block is less than 0.2 weight percent, the content of the needle sheet is less than 5.8 weight percent, and the method accords withGrading, and the porosity is 1.0%. The amounts of water reducer and nanocrystal core dispersion in table 4 are relative to the total mass of the cement.
TABLE 4 concrete mix examples (kg/m 3 )
Table 5 shows the results of the concrete performance test of each example of the present invention and comparative example. Wherein the concrete viscosity is determined by the fall slump cone evacuation time (fall time) well known to those skilled in the art.
TABLE 5 concrete Properties
The PHC pipe pile is produced by the concrete mixture listed in the above embodiment through a process of pumping and distributing, and the PHC pipe pile is centrifugally molded through a belt die, is maintained at room temperature (20-30 ℃) and can reach the die-stripping strength within 10-14 hours. The PHC pipe pile after the die disassembly is placed in a normal-temperature storage yard, and the factory strength of more than 80MPa can be achieved through 2d curing. The initial slump of the concrete mixture according to each embodiment of the invention is 180mm-220mm, and the expansion degree is 450mm-600mm. The viscosity of the concrete is characterized by using a slump evacuation time method well known to those skilled in the art, and the slump evacuation time of the concrete mixture is 6-10s.
The invention can bring remarkable technical progress: the fresh concrete has low viscosity and good workability, can be distributed in a pumping mode, and can be used for automatic production of PHC pipe piles; the pipe pile can reach the form removal strength without steam curing for 10-14h, the 3d delivery strength can reach more than 80MPa, the strength still continuously increases for 28 days, and the curing zero energy consumption of the pipe pile production is realized.
Claims (9)
1. The concrete mixture for producing the PHC pipe pile by steam-free curing is characterized by comprising a cementing material, a water reducing agent, a nanocrystal core dispersion liquid, water, sand and crushed stone, wherein the cementing material comprises cement, silica fume and mineral powder;
the concrete mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
the mass of the water reducer is 1.0-1.5% of the total mass of the cementing material, and the mass of the nanocrystal core dispersion liquid is 2-6% of the total mass of the cementing material;
the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer, and consists of the following components in percentage by mass:
15-20% of polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer
0.05 to 0.2 percent of defoaming agent
The balance of water is water,
the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent,
the dosage of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer is the folding and solidifying blending quantity;
the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer is a mixed solution of an aqueous solution of a polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer I and an aqueous solution of a polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer II, wherein the mass ratio of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer I to the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer II in the mixed solution is 1:1-4:1, the structural formula of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer I is shown as the formula (1), and the structural formula of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer II is shown as the formula (2); the mass concentration of the solute in the aqueous solution of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer I is 40%, the mass concentration of the solute in the aqueous solution of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer II is 40%,
wherein a and b are the connection numbers of the repeating units, the relative molar ratio of a/b is 4-8, and n is an integer of 120-160; the weight average molecular weight of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer I shown in the formula (1) is 50000-100000;
wherein, x is y, p=1.2-2.5:2.0-3.0:1, q is an integer of 60-120, and x, y and p are integers; the weight average molecular weight of the polymer of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer II shown in the formula (2) is 30000-60000;
the defoaming agent is a modified polyether defoaming agent;
the nanocrystal core dispersion is a suspension of amphoteric metal modified nano calcium silicate, and the chemical structure of the amphoteric metal modified nano calcium silicate is dCaO eAl 2 O 3 ·fZnO·SiO 2 ·6H 2 O, wherein d is more than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.8,0.60, e is more than or equal to 1, f is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.48, and the solid content of the nanocrystal core dispersion liquid is 6-12%.
2. A concrete mix for steam free curing production of PHC piles according to claim 1, wherein the cement is selected from the group consisting of PO52.5 cement or PII52.5 cement.
3. The concrete mixture for steam-free curing PHC pipe pile production according to claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the mineral powder is more than 400m 2 The activity index per kg is greater than 90% for 1 day and greater than 115% for 28 days.
4. The concrete mixture for steam-free curing PHC pipe pile production according to claim 1, wherein the silica fume satisfies the average particle size of 0.1-0.3 um and the specific surface area of 20-28 m 2 /g。
5. The concrete mix for steam-free curing PHC pipe pile production according to claim 1, wherein the sand is selected from river sand or machine-made sand with fineness modulus of 2.3-3.0, wherein the content of particles with particle diameter of below 0.3mm should be above 15%, and the content of particles with particle diameter of below 0.15mm should be above 5%.
6. The concrete mixture for steam-free curing PHC pipe pile production according to claim 1, wherein the content of mud blocks in the crushed stone is less than 0.5wt%, the content of needle-shaped sheets is less than 10wt%, the continuous grading of 5-25mm is met, and the porosity is less than 42%.
7. The concrete mixture for steam-free curing PHC pipe pile production according to claim 1, wherein the defoamer adopted in the water reducing agent is DF-110D defoamer.
8. A method for preparing a concrete mix for steam free curing PHC pile production according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: the concrete mixture is prepared by mixing raw materials by a stirrer, wherein in the mixing process, firstly, cementing materials, sand and broken stone are uniformly stirred, and finally, a water reducing agent, nanocrystal core dispersion liquid and water are added into the stirrer and uniformly stirred, so that the concrete mixture is obtained.
9. The application method of the concrete mixture for producing PHC pipe piles without steam curing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that the concrete mixture is used for producing PHC pipe piles without steam curing and comprises the following specific steps: inputting the concrete mixture into a pipe die which is subjected to die assembly and prestress tensioning by using a concrete pump through a guide pipe, and finishing mechanized distribution; after the cloth is finished, centrifugal molding is carried out, and then the cloth is directly put into a room temperature curing pool or a storage yard for curing before demolding, wherein the environmental temperature is kept above 20 ℃ in the curing process; after 10-14 hours of curing, the tubular pile can reach the demolding strength of more than 45 MPa; and (3) removing the die, lifting to a finished product storage yard, and continuing to maintain for 3 days to reach the factory strength of more than 80 MPa.
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