CN112978906A - Distributed rural sewage treatment method and device - Google Patents
Distributed rural sewage treatment method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112978906A CN112978906A CN201911294959.XA CN201911294959A CN112978906A CN 112978906 A CN112978906 A CN 112978906A CN 201911294959 A CN201911294959 A CN 201911294959A CN 112978906 A CN112978906 A CN 112978906A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1263—Sequencing batch reactors [SBR]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly discloses a distributed rural sewage treatment method and device. The processing method comprises the following steps: introducing the domestic sewage into a sludge storage tank to obtain pretreated sewage; and introducing the pretreated sewage into an SBR reaction tank for treatment to obtain effluent, and discharging sludge generated in the SBR reaction tank into the sludge storage tank. The treatment device comprises a regulating reservoir, a sludge storage pool communicated with the regulating reservoir and an SBR reaction pool communicated with the sludge storage pool. The method and the device provided by the invention have excellent sewage treatment effect, can reach the first-class A standard of the national urban sewage drainage standard, and have the advantages of simple maintenance and operation and low economic cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a distributed rural sewage treatment method and a distributed rural sewage treatment device.
Background
Because rural sewage pollution sources are wide, difficult to collect, many sources, complex in components, high in suspended matter concentration and the like, and are limited by geographical conditions and economic factors, the urbanized centralized sewage treatment mode is not suitable for rural sewage treatment, so that the technology and the process suitable for rural sewage dispersion treatment are provided, and the method is a key point for solving the rural water pollution problem. The SBR process has the advantages of simple process flow, flexible operation mode, impact resistance, good sedimentation effect, good nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect and the like, and is one of effective processes for rural sewage treatment.
At present, the rural sewage in China has low organic matter concentration, high nitrogen-containing compound concentration, large standard reaching pressure of treatment facilities and poor nitrogen removal effect, and besides, septic tanks are generally built in rural areas at present, the concentration of the organic matter of the incoming water pretreated by the septic tanks is lower, so that the nitrogen source is more difficult to remove, and the treated sewage is difficult to meet the requirement that TN in the effluent quality of a sewage disposal unit required by the national first-class A standard is less than 15 mg/L. Therefore, in order to achieve the purpose of deep denitrification, a carbon source needs to be additionally supplemented in the denitrification process, and the economic cost is increased.
Meanwhile, filamentous bacteria are easy to appear in the sewage treatment process of the SBR process, so that sludge is expanded, an anaerobic environment can be caused by long-term sludge storage, combustible gases such as methane and the like can be generated after the sludge is anaerobic, and great potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a distributed rural sewage treatment method, aiming at the problems of poor effect of removing total nitrogen in the existing rural sewage, high cost and potential safety hazard in sludge storage.
Further, the invention also provides a distributed rural sewage treatment device.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a distributed rural sewage treatment method at least comprises the following steps:
step a, introducing domestic sewage into a sludge storage tank to obtain pretreated sewage;
and b, introducing the pretreated sewage into an SBR reaction tank for treatment to obtain effluent, and discharging sludge generated in the SBR reaction tank into the sludge storage tank.
Compared with the prior art, the distributed rural sewage treatment method provided by the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, domestic sewage firstly enters the sludge storage tank, and the sludge in the sludge storage tank can optimize bacteria, so that the growth of filamentous bacteria can be effectively inhibited, the collision of sludge is reduced, and the expansion of sludge is avoided; meanwhile, the sludge has excellent hydrolysis effect, can ammoniate organic nitrogen compounds in the sewage, improves the subsequent nitrification removal of ammonia nitrogen, can hydrolyze and acidify macromolecular organic matters in the sewage, improves the utilization of a carbon source in the total nitrogen denitrification process, finally improves the denitrification efficiency, avoids additional carbon source addition and reduces the economic cost.
According to the invention, domestic sewage firstly enters the sludge storage tank, and sludge in the sludge storage tank has a certain adsorption effect on pollutants in the sewage, so that the load of the pollutants in the SBR reaction tank can be obviously reduced, and the standard reaching rate of SBR equipment is improved.
The sludge storage tank in the invention can not be in a long-term standing state due to the mixing of fresh sewage, so that the generation of anaerobic fermentation phenomenon can be avoided, and the potential safety hazard of methane combustion or explosion does not exist.
Preferably, in the step a, the hydraulic retention time in the sludge storage tank is 8-24 h.
Further preferably, in the step a, the hydraulic retention time in the sludge storage tank is 12 h.
Preferably, in the step b, the sludge discharge time in each SBR working cycle is 5-30 min.
Further preferably, in step b, the sludge discharge time in each SBR working cycle is 10 min.
Preferably, the COD of the domestic sewage is 200-5Is 100-400mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 20-50mg/L, total nitrogen is 40-100mg/L, and total phosphorus is 2-8 mg/L.
The treatment method provided by the invention is not only suitable for rural sewage which is not treated by the septic tank, but also suitable for rural sewage treated by the septic tank.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a treatment device suitable for the decentralized rural sewage treatment method, which comprises a regulating reservoir, a sludge storage pool communicated with the regulating reservoir and an SBR reaction pool communicated with the sludge storage pool.
Compared with the prior art, the distributed rural sewage treatment device provided by the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, the sludge storage tank is arranged between the regulating tank and the SBR reaction tank, and because sludge in the sludge storage tank has the functions of bacterial optimization, hydrolysis and organic matter adsorption, the denitrification efficiency can be improved; meanwhile, potential safety hazards of methane combustion or explosion do not exist in the sludge stored in the sludge storage tank, so that the discharge and suction treatment period of the sludge storage tank is long, the maintenance times of the device can be reduced, and the economic cost is reduced.
The treatment device provided by the invention has excellent sewage treatment effect, can meet the requirement that TN in the effluent quality is less than 15mg/L, is simple to maintain and operate, has low economic cost, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization and application in the field of distributed sewage treatment.
Because the sewage amount produced by each family in the rural area is small, the regulating tank is arranged for regulating the water amount of the domestic sewage and then carrying out sewage treatment, thereby reducing the equipment consumption and improving the economic benefit.
Preferably, a lift pump is arranged in the sludge storage tank and used for introducing the pretreated sewage into the SBR reaction tank.
Preferably, a sludge pump is arranged in the SBR reaction tank and used for returning sludge in the SBR reaction tank to the sludge storage tank in a sludge discharge stage and discharging effluent generated in the SBR reaction tank in a non-sludge discharge stage.
The lift pump and sludge pump may preferably be centrifugal submersible sewage pumps.
Preferably, the bottom of the sludge storage tank is provided with a slope, and the slope of the slope is 4-8 degrees.
The slope is arranged to be beneficial to discharging the sludge in the sludge storage tank.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a distributed rural sewage treatment method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a decentralized rural sewage treatment plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, adjusting a pool; 2. a sludge storage tank; 3. an SBR reaction tank; 4. a lift pump; 5. a sludge pump; 6. a ramp.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the domestic sewage which is not pretreated by the septic tank in rural domestic sewage in a certain city of Jiangsu Wuxi area is taken as a treatment object, and the COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the rural sewage is 450mg/L and BOD (biochemical oxygen demand)5The concentration of the ammonia nitrogen is 260mg/L, the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen is 25mg/L, the concentration of the total nitrogen is 85mg/L, the concentration of the total phosphorus is 5mg/L, and referring to figures 1 and 2, the sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:
step a, introducing domestic sewage into a regulating reservoir 1 to regulate the water quantity of the sewage, and then introducing the domestic sewage into a sludge storage reservoir 2, wherein the hydraulic retention time in the sludge storage reservoir is 12 hours, so as to obtain pretreated sewage;
b, introducing the pretreated sewage into the SBR reaction tank 3 through a lifting pump 4 arranged in the sludge storage tank 2 for sewage treatment, wherein the time sequence of the SBR reaction tank is set to be water inlet, aeration, stillness, precipitation and sludge discharge, organic matters and ammonia nitrogen are treated in the aeration step, nitrate nitrogen is treated in the stillness stage, and the obtained effluent enters a clean water tank or is discharged to a surface water body or is recycled after subsequent treatment; the sludge discharge time in each SBR working cycle is 10min, and the sludge generated by the SBR reaction tank 3 is discharged into the sludge storage tank 2 through a sludge pump 5.
The water outlet parameters are as follows: COD 28mg/L, BOD58mg/L of ammonia nitrogen, 4mg/L of ammonia nitrogen, 8mg/L of total nitrogen and 0.25mg/L of total phosphorus, and reaches the first-grade A standard of the municipal sewage drainage standard in China.
In the decentralized rural sewage treatment plant, the tank capacity of the adjusting tank 1 is 8m3The tank volume of the SBR reaction tank 3 is 16m3The tank capacity of the sludge storage tank 2 is 8m3. The device can be operated as long as the sludge in the sludge storage tank 2 is not filled with the sludge, and the tank volume is 8m through calculation3The period of the sludge discharge and suction treatment in the sludge storage pool 2 is not less than 120d (4 months).
Example 2
In the embodiment, the domestic sewage which is not pretreated by the septic tank in rural domestic sewage of a certain city in the Fujian quanzhou region is taken as a treatment object, and the COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the rural sewage is 800mg/L and BOD (biochemical oxygen demand)5Is 380mgThe sewage treatment method comprises the following steps of:
step a, introducing domestic sewage into a regulating reservoir 1 to regulate the water quantity of the sewage, and then introducing the domestic sewage into a sludge storage reservoir 2, wherein the hydraulic retention time in the sludge storage reservoir is 24 hours, so as to obtain pretreated sewage;
b, introducing the pretreated sewage into the SBR reaction tank 3 through a lifting pump 4 arranged in the sludge storage tank 2 for sewage treatment, wherein the time sequence of the SBR reaction tank is set to be water inlet, aeration, stillness, precipitation and sludge discharge, organic matters and ammonia nitrogen are treated in the aeration step, nitrate nitrogen is treated in the stillness stage, and the obtained effluent enters a clean water tank or is discharged to a surface water body or is recycled after subsequent treatment; the sludge discharge time in each SBR working cycle is 30min, and the sludge generated by the SBR reaction tank 3 is discharged into the sludge storage tank 2 through a sludge pump 5.
The water outlet parameters are as follows: COD 32mg/L, BOD57mg/L of ammonia nitrogen, 4mg/L of ammonia nitrogen, 5mg/L of total nitrogen and 0.4mg/L of total phosphorus, and reaches the first-grade A standard of the national municipal sewage drainage standard.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the domestic sewage pretreated by the septic tank in rural domestic sewage of a certain city in Suzhou area of Jiangsu is taken as a treatment object, the COD of the rural sewage is 150mg/L, and the BOD5180mg/L, 30mg/L ammonia nitrogen, 60mg/L total nitrogen and 3mg/L total phosphorus, referring to figures 1 and 2, the sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:
step a, introducing domestic sewage into a regulating reservoir 1 to regulate the water quantity of the sewage, and then introducing the domestic sewage into a sludge storage reservoir 2, wherein the hydraulic retention time in the sludge storage reservoir is 8 hours, so as to obtain pretreated sewage;
b, introducing the pretreated sewage into the SBR reaction tank 3 through a lifting pump 4 arranged in the sludge storage tank 2 for sewage treatment, wherein the time sequence of the SBR reaction tank is set to be water inlet, aeration, stillness, precipitation and sludge discharge, organic matters and ammonia nitrogen are treated in the aeration step, nitrate nitrogen is treated in the stillness stage, and the obtained effluent enters a clean water tank or is discharged to a surface water body or is recycled after subsequent treatment; the sludge discharge time in each SBR working cycle is 5min, and the sludge generated by the SBR reaction tank 3 is discharged into the sludge storage tank 2 through a sludge pump 5.
The water outlet parameters are as follows: COD is 18mg/L, BOD55mg/L of ammonia nitrogen, 2mg/L of ammonia nitrogen, 4mg/L of total nitrogen and 0.3mg/L of total phosphorus, and reaches the first-grade A standard of the municipal sewage drainage standard in China.
In order to better illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, further comparison is made below by means of a comparative example and an example of the present invention.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example takes the domestic sewage of rural domestic sewage in a certain city of Jiangsu Wuxi area without pretreatment of a septic tank as a treatment object, and the COD of the rural sewage is 450mg/L and BOD5260mg/L of ammonia nitrogen, 25mg/L of total nitrogen, 85mg/L of total phosphorus and 5mg/L of total phosphorus, and the sewage treatment method comprises the following steps: and (3) introducing the domestic sewage into the regulating tank to regulate the water quantity of the sewage, and then introducing the domestic sewage into the SBR reaction tank to perform sewage treatment to obtain effluent.
The amount of wastewater in the conditioning tank and the timing setting in the SBR reaction tank were the same as those in example 1.
The water outlet parameters are as follows: COD 40mg/L, BOD518mg/L of ammonia nitrogen, 9mg/L of ammonia nitrogen, 19mg/L of total nitrogen and 1mg/L of total phosphorus, and only COD value in all parameters reaches the first-grade A standard of the national urban sewage drainage standard.
In the treatment device adopted by the treatment method, a sludge storage tank is arranged behind the SBR reaction tank, and the sludge discharge time in each SBR working period is 10 min; the tank capacity of the adjusting tank is 8m3The tank volume of the SBR reaction tank is 16m3The tank volume of the sludge storage tank is 8m3The cell volume is 8m by calculation3The sludge discharge and suction treatment period of the sludge in the sludge storage tank is 50 d.
Comparing the embodiment 1 with the comparative example 1, it can be found that the effluent of the distributed rural sewage treatment method and the distributed rural sewage treatment device provided by the invention not only meets the requirement of effluent quality of a sewage disposal unit required by national first-class A standard, the removal rate of total nitrogen reaches more than 90%, but also the maintenance time interval of the device is prolonged by 2.4 times, the operation is simple and convenient, and the economic cost is reduced.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A distributed rural sewage treatment method is characterized in that: the treatment method at least comprises the following steps:
step a, introducing domestic sewage into a sludge storage tank to obtain pretreated sewage;
and b, introducing the pretreated sewage into an SBR reaction tank for treatment to obtain effluent, and discharging sludge generated in the SBR reaction tank into the sludge storage tank.
2. The decentralized rural sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step a, the hydraulic retention time in the sludge storage pool is 8-24 h.
3. The decentralized rural sewage treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step a, the hydraulic retention time in the sludge storage pool is 12 h.
4. The decentralized rural sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step b, the sludge discharge time in each SBR working cycle is 5-30 min.
5. The decentralized rural sewage treatment method according to claim 4, wherein: in the step b, the sludge discharge time in each SBR working cycle is 10 min.
6. The decentralized rural sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the COD of the domestic sewage is 200-800mg/L, BOD5Is 100-400mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 20-50mg/L, total nitrogen is 40-100mg/L, and total phosphorus is 2-8 mg/L.
7. The treatment device suitable for the decentralized rural sewage treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: comprises a regulating reservoir, a sludge storage pool communicated with the regulating reservoir and an SBR reaction pool communicated with the sludge storage pool.
8. The decentralized rural sewage treatment plant of claim 7, wherein: and a lifting pump is arranged in the sludge storage tank and used for introducing the pretreated sewage into the SBR reaction tank.
9. The decentralized rural sewage treatment plant of claim 7, wherein: and a sludge pump is arranged in the SBR reaction tank and used for refluxing sludge in the SBR reaction tank to the sludge storage tank in a sludge discharge stage and discharging effluent generated in the SBR reaction tank in a non-sludge discharge stage.
10. The decentralized rural sewage treatment plant of claim 7, wherein: the bottom of the sludge storage tank is provided with a slope, and the slope of the slope is 4-8 degrees.
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| CN201911294959.XA CN112978906A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Distributed rural sewage treatment method and device |
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| CN201911294959.XA CN112978906A (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2019-12-16 | Distributed rural sewage treatment method and device |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108264190A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2018-07-10 | 天津水态科技有限公司 | A kind of rural domestic sewage treatment system |
| CN108503134A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-07 | 湖南前元智慧管业股份有限公司 | Rural sewage treatment system and processing method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108264190A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2018-07-10 | 天津水态科技有限公司 | A kind of rural domestic sewage treatment system |
| CN108503134A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-07 | 湖南前元智慧管业股份有限公司 | Rural sewage treatment system and processing method |
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Application publication date: 20210618 |