CN112974850A - Smoke suction and exhaust system of 3D printer - Google Patents

Smoke suction and exhaust system of 3D printer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112974850A
CN112974850A CN202110094674.2A CN202110094674A CN112974850A CN 112974850 A CN112974850 A CN 112974850A CN 202110094674 A CN202110094674 A CN 202110094674A CN 112974850 A CN112974850 A CN 112974850A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
exhaust
suction
groove
flow
air
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Pending
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CN202110094674.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘振伟
毛丽
刘建业
单宣锋
朱威
刘飞轩
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Shanghai Hanbang United 3d Tech Co ltd
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Shanghai Hanbang United 3d Tech Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110094674.2A priority Critical patent/CN112974850A/en
Publication of CN112974850A publication Critical patent/CN112974850A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B15/00Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
    • B08B15/04Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area from a small area, e.g. a tool
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a 3D printer smoke dust suction and exhaust system, which comprises: the forming bin comprises a bin body, the side wall of the bin body is provided with an air suction port, the air suction port is in a strip shape and extends horizontally, and the suction direction of the air suction port is aligned to a smoke raising area in the bin body; the exhaust system comprises an air suction cover and an exhaust pipe, the groove-shaped cover housing is arranged at an air suction port, a cavity of the groove-shaped cover housing is divided into a plurality of exhaust flow passages which are not communicated with each other, air suction ports of all the exhaust flow passages are positioned at an opening of the groove-shaped cover housing and are linearly arranged along the length direction of the groove-shaped cover housing, exhaust ports of all the exhaust flow passages are positioned at the same end of the groove-shaped cover housing in the length direction, and an air inlet end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with exhaust ports of all the exhaust flow. The invention can form a uniform and stable air suction wind field in the bin body, and effectively ensure that all the smoke dust in the smoke dust raising area is continuously, stably and timely discharged out of the bin body.

Description

Smoke suction and exhaust system of 3D printer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a smoke suction and exhaust system of a 3D printer.
Background
The metal additive manufacturing mainly relates to the technologies of laser three-dimensional forming, selective laser melting forming, laser forming repair, additive manufacturing equipment manufacturing and the like. The additive manufacturing technology can be used for realizing direct molding and manufacturing of metal structural parts in the fields of aviation, automobile manufacturing, mold processing and the like, so that the additive manufacturing technology has wide application and requirements in the fields of aviation, aerospace, energy chemical industry, automobile manufacturing, mold processing, medical treatment and the like. In the process of forming metal parts by adopting selective laser melting forming equipment, the cleaning of the optical element protective lens in the forming chamber has important influence on the quality and the precision of the formed part.
In SLM (Selective laser melting) series metal 3D printing equipment, metal powder in a forming chamber is in a micron order, and in a powder laying process, a metal powder falling process can raise to a certain degree, and part of the powder can be attached to a protective lens of an optical element; in addition, smoke is generated due to laser sintering in the printing process, and part of the smoke is attached to the protective lens. Therefore, the equipment works for a long time, and the optical element protective lens becomes dirty due to the adhesion of powder and/or smoke, thereby affecting the optical quality parameters of the equipment and affecting the precision and quality of the final formed part.
At present, the SLM equipment basically adopts a method of cleaning the protective lens by blowing argon gas to the protective lens in an annular manner, so as to reduce the adhesion of metal powder and soot generated by sintering on the protective lens during the working process. However, the argon annular purging effect is not ideal, and the protective lens still needs to be cleaned by an operator regularly; in order to keep a better cleaning effect, argon is required to be always opened in the working process, and the gas consumption is larger; if the size of the machined part is large, a long period is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a smoke suction and exhaust system for a 3D printer, which can form a uniform and stable suction wind field in a cabin, effectively ensure that all smoke in a smoke raising area is continuously, stably and timely discharged to the outside of the cabin, meet the operation requirements of long-time printing, and have a compact and simple overall structure.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a 3D printer smoke suction and exhaust system, comprising:
the forming bin comprises a bin body, the side wall of the bin body is provided with an air suction port, the air suction port is in a strip shape and extends horizontally, and the suction direction of the air suction port is aligned to a smoke raising area in the bin body;
the exhaust system comprises an air suction cover and an exhaust pipe, the air suction cover comprises a groove-shaped cover casing matched with the air suction opening, the groove-shaped cover casing is arranged at the air suction opening, a cavity of the groove-shaped cover casing is divided into a plurality of exhaust flow passages which are not communicated with each other, two ends of each exhaust flow passage in the extension direction are respectively an air suction port and an exhaust port, the air suction ports of all the exhaust flow passages are all positioned at the opening of the groove-shaped cover casing and are linearly arranged along the length direction of the groove-shaped cover casing, the exhaust ports of all the exhaust flow passages are all positioned at the same end of the groove-shaped cover casing in the length direction, two ends of the exhaust pipe in the extension direction are respectively an air inlet.
Preferably, the 3D printer smoke and dust purging system further comprises an air flow purifier, the air flow purifier is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet of the air flow purifier is communicated with the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe.
Preferably, the air purifier comprises a fan and a purification pipeline, and the fan is communicated with the exhaust pipe through the purification pipeline.
Preferably, the gas flow purifier further comprises a multi-stage filtering system, and the multi-stage filtering system is arranged on the purifying pipeline.
Preferably, the air suction cover further comprises a flow distribution plate assembly arranged in the groove-shaped housing, and the flow distribution plate assembly divides a cavity of the groove-shaped housing into a plurality of exhaust flow passages.
Preferably, the cross section of the groove-shaped casing is U-shaped, and the groove-shaped casing is composed of a bottom plate and two side plates; the flow distribution plate assembly comprises a plurality of first flow distribution plates and a second flow distribution plate, two edges of each first flow distribution plate in the width direction are correspondingly connected with two side plates of the groove-shaped housing and extend to one end of the groove-shaped housing in the length direction from an opening of the groove-shaped housing, and the second flow distribution plate is sealed at the other end of the groove-shaped housing in the length direction.
Preferably, the first flow dividing plate is formed by integrally forming a first flow guiding inclined plate, a first drag reduction arc plate and a first flow guiding straight plate, and the second flow dividing plate is formed by integrally forming a second flow guiding inclined plate and a second drag reduction arc plate.
Preferably, the top wall of the bin body is provided with a protective lens allowing laser to penetrate through, and the smoke raising area is a light emergent part of the protective lens.
Preferably, a melting and forming platform is arranged at the bottom wall of the bin body, and the smoke raising area is a space above the melting and forming platform.
As mentioned above, the 3D printer smoke dust suction and exhaust system has the following beneficial effects: in the smoke suction and exhaust system of the 3D printer, the side wall of the bin body is provided with the air suction port which is long and extends horizontally, the suction direction of the air suction port is aligned with the smoke raising area in the bin body, the air suction cover comprises a groove-shaped cover shell matched with the air suction port, the groove-shaped cover shell is arranged at the air suction port, a cavity of the groove-shaped cover shell is divided into a plurality of exhaust flow passages which are not communicated with each other, the two ends of each exhaust flow passage in the extension direction are respectively an air suction port and an exhaust port, the air suction ports of all the exhaust flow passages are positioned at the opening of the groove-shaped cover shell and are arranged in a straight line along the length direction of the groove-shaped cover shell, so that, therefore, a uniform and stable air suction wind field is formed in the bin body, and all smoke dust in the smoke dust raising area is effectively ensured to be continuously, stably and timely sucked into the groove-shaped housing; the exhaust ports of all the exhaust flow channels are located at the same end in the length direction of the groove-shaped housing, and the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with the exhaust ports of all the exhaust flow channels, so that the air in all the exhaust flow channels can be conveniently guided to the exhaust pipe, and the integration level of the exhaust system is improved. In the operation process of the 3D printer, firstly, gas with smoke dust in a smoke dust raising area is divided into a plurality of gas flows which correspond to the exhaust flow channels one by one when flowing into the air suction cover; then, each air flow flows to the same end of the groove-shaped housing in the length direction along the extending direction of the exhaust flow channel; finally, all the air flow is discharged out of the bin body through the exhaust pipe. Therefore, the smoke suction and exhaust system of the 3D printer can form a uniform and stable air suction wind field in the bin body, effectively ensures that all smoke in the smoke lifting area is continuously, stably and timely discharged out of the bin body, meets the operation requirement of long-time printing, and has a compact and simple integral structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a 3D printer soot suction and exhaust system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the suction hood;
FIG. 3 shows a side view of the suction hood;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 3.
Description of the element reference numerals
1 moulding storehouse
11 cabin body
12 air inlet
2 air exhaust system
21 air suction cover
211 groove type cover
212 exhaust channel
212a suction port
212b exhaust port
213 first shunting plate
213a first flow guiding inclined plate
213b first drag reduction arc plate
213c first flow guiding straight plate
214 second splitter plate
214a second swash plate
214b second drag reduction arc plate
22 exhaust pipe
3 airflow purifier
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the present disclosure, and are not used for limiting the conditions that the present disclosure can be implemented, so that the present disclosure is not limited to the technical essence, and any structural modifications, ratio changes, or size adjustments should still fall within the scope of the present disclosure without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the present invention provides a 3D printer smoke suction and exhaust system, including:
the forming bin comprises a forming bin 1, wherein the forming bin 1 comprises a bin body 11, a suction air port 12 is arranged on the side wall of the bin body 11, the suction air port 12 is in a strip shape and extends horizontally, and the suction direction of the suction air port 12 is aligned to a smoke raising area in the bin body 11;
the exhaust system 2, the exhaust system 2 includes an air suction hood 21 (see fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4) and an exhaust pipe 22, the air suction hood 21 includes a groove-shaped housing 211 adapted to the air suction port 12, the groove-shaped housing 211 is disposed at the air suction port 12, a cavity of the groove-shaped housing 211 is divided into a plurality of exhaust flow channels 212 that are not communicated with each other, two ends of each exhaust flow channel 212 in an extending direction are an air suction port 212a and an exhaust port 212b, the air suction ports 212a of all the exhaust flow channels 212 are located at an opening of the groove-shaped housing 211 and are linearly arranged along a length direction of the groove-shaped housing 211, the exhaust ports 212b of all the exhaust flow channels 212 are located at the same end of the groove-shaped housing 211 in the length direction, two ends of the exhaust pipe 22 in the extending direction are an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and.
On one hand, if the smoke dust in the 3D printer is not blown away in time, the smoke dust floats on a scanning path of laser, laser energy is consumed, and the stability of the 3D printing process and the printing quality of a formed product are seriously influenced; on the other hand, because a large amount of smoke and dust is difficult to be sucked away in time, the smoke and dust which is not sucked away in time can be attached to a protective mirror which allows laser to penetrate through, and thus the laser energy used for melting the powder can be greatly attenuated.
For the reasons of the two aspects, in the above-mentioned 3D printer smoke suction and exhaust system, the side wall of the bin 11 is provided with the suction air inlet 12, the suction air inlet 12 is elongated and horizontally extends, the suction direction of the suction air inlet 12 is aligned with the smoke raising area in the bin 11 (generally, the extension length of the suction air inlet 12 is adapted to the range of the smoke raising area), the suction hood 21 includes a groove-shaped hood 211 adapted to the suction air inlet 12, the groove-shaped hood 211 is covered on the suction air inlet 12, the cavity of the groove-shaped hood 211 is divided into a plurality of exhaust channels 212 which are not communicated with each other, two ends of each exhaust channel 212 in the extension direction are respectively a suction port 212a and an exhaust port 212b, the suction ports 212a of all the exhaust channels 212 are located at the opening of the groove-shaped hood 211 and are linearly arranged along the length direction of the groove-shaped hood 211, so that the gas with the smoke in the, therefore, a uniform and stable air suction wind field is formed in the bin body 11, and all smoke dust in the smoke dust raising area is effectively ensured to be continuously, stably and timely sucked into the groove-shaped housing 211; the exhaust ports 212b of all the exhaust channels 212 are located at the same end of the groove-shaped housing 211 in the length direction, and the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe 22 is communicated with the exhaust ports 212b of all the exhaust channels 212, so that the air in all the exhaust channels 212 is guided to the exhaust pipe 22, and the integration level of the exhaust system 2 is improved. Specifically, during the operation of the 3D printer, first, the gas with smoke in the smoke raising area is divided into a plurality of gas flows corresponding to the exhaust channels 212 one to one when flowing into the suction hood 21; then, each air flow flows to the same end of the groove-shaped cover 211 in the length direction along the extending direction of the exhaust channel 212; finally, all the air flow is discharged outside the cartridge body 11 through the exhaust duct 22. Therefore, the smoke suction and exhaust system of the 3D printer can form a uniform and stable suction wind field in the bin body 11, effectively ensures that all smoke in a smoke lifting area is continuously, stably and timely discharged out of the bin body 11, meets the operation requirement of long-time printing, and has a compact and simple integral structure.
In order to purify the gas with smoke, the 3D printer smoke purging system further comprises an air flow purifier 3, wherein the air flow purifier 3 has an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet of the air flow purifier 3 is communicated with the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe 22.
Further, the air purifier 3 includes a blower and a purifying pipeline, and the blower is communicated with the exhaust pipe 22 through the purifying pipeline. The gas flow purifier 3 further comprises a multi-stage filtration system, and the multi-stage filtration system is arranged on the purification pipeline.
In order to facilitate the formation of the exhaust flow channel 212, the suction cover 21 further includes a flow dividing plate assembly disposed in the groove-shaped housing 211, and the flow dividing plate assembly divides the cavity of the groove-shaped housing 211 into a plurality of exhaust flow channels 212.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to simplify the structure of the suction hood 21, the cross section of the groove-shaped casing 211 is U-shaped, and the groove-shaped casing 211 is composed of a bottom plate and two side plates; the flow distribution plate assembly includes a plurality of first flow distribution plates 213 and a second flow distribution plate 214, wherein two edges of each first flow distribution plate 213 in the width direction are correspondingly connected to two side plates of the groove-shaped housing 211 and extend from an opening of the groove-shaped housing 211 to one end of the groove-shaped housing 211 in the length direction, and the second flow distribution plate 214 is sealed at the other end of the groove-shaped housing 211 in the length direction.
In order to smoothly lead the gas in the cabin 11 to the exhaust pipe 22, the first flow dividing plate 213 is integrally formed by a first flow guiding sloping plate 213a, a first drag reduction arc plate 213b and a first flow guiding straight plate 213c, and the second flow dividing plate 214 is integrally formed by a second flow guiding sloping plate 214a and a second drag reduction arc plate 214 b.
The top wall of the bin body 11 is provided with a protective lens allowing laser to penetrate through, and the smoke raising area is a light outlet part of the protective lens.
The bottom wall of the bin body 11 is provided with a melting and forming platform, and the smoke dust raising area is a space above the melting and forming platform.
The 3D printer smoke dust purging system further comprises a smoke dust purging device, the smoke dust purging device is used for blowing purging gas to a smoke dust raising area in the bin body 11, and the smoke dust purging device can be communicated with the airflow purifier 3 through a pipeline.
In conclusion, the smoke suction and exhaust system of the 3D printer can form a uniform and stable air suction wind field in the bin body, effectively ensures that all smoke in a smoke lifting area is continuously, stably and timely discharged out of the bin body, meets the operation requirement of long-time printing, and is compact and simple in overall structure. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a 3D printer smoke and dust suction and exhaust system which characterized in that includes:
the forming bin (1) comprises a bin body (11), the side wall of the bin body (11) is provided with an air suction port (12), the air suction port (12) is in a strip shape and extends horizontally, and the suction direction of the air suction port (12) is aligned to a smoke dust raising area in the bin body (11);
the exhaust system (2), the exhaust system (2) includes the suction hood (21) and the exhaust pipe (22), the suction hood (21) includes the trough type cover (211) that matches with the suction tuyere (12), the trough type cover (211) is covered in the suction tuyere (12), the cavity of the trough type cover (211) is divided into many exhaust flow channels (212) that do not communicate with each other, both ends in the extending direction of each exhaust flow channel (212) are respectively the suction port (212a) and the exhaust port (212b), the suction port (212a) of all exhaust flow channels (212) are all located at the opening of the trough type cover (211) and are arranged in line along the length direction of the trough type cover (211), the exhaust port (212b) of all exhaust flow channels (212) are all located at the same end in the length direction of the trough type cover (211), both ends in the extending direction of the exhaust pipe (22) are respectively the air inlet end and the air, the intake end of the exhaust pipe (22) communicates with the exhaust ports (212b) of all the exhaust flow passages (212).
2. The 3D printer soot suction and exhaust system of claim 1, wherein: the 3D printer smoke and dust purging system further comprises an air flow purifier (3), the air flow purifier (3) is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet of the air flow purifier (3) is communicated with the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe (22).
3. The 3D printer soot suction and exhaust system of claim 2, characterized in that: the air flow purifier (3) comprises a fan and a purification pipeline, and the fan is communicated with the exhaust pipe (22) through the purification pipeline.
4. The 3D printer soot suction and exhaust system of claim 3, characterized in that: the air flow purifier (3) further comprises a multistage filtering system, and the multistage filtering system is arranged on the purifying pipeline.
5. The 3D printer soot suction and exhaust system of claim 1, wherein: the air suction cover (21) further comprises a flow distribution plate assembly arranged in the groove-shaped housing (211), and the flow distribution plate assembly divides a cavity of the groove-shaped housing (211) into a plurality of exhaust flow channels (212).
6. The 3D printer soot suction and exhaust system of claim 5, wherein: the cross section of the groove-shaped cover shell (211) is U-shaped, and the groove-shaped cover shell (211) is composed of a bottom plate and two side plates; the flow distribution plate assembly comprises a plurality of first flow distribution plates (213) and a second flow distribution plate (214), two edges of each first flow distribution plate (213) in the width direction are correspondingly connected with two side plates of the groove-shaped housing (211) and extend to one end of the groove-shaped housing (211) in the length direction from an opening of the groove-shaped housing (211), and the second flow distribution plate (214) is sealed at the other end of the groove-shaped housing (211) in the length direction.
7. The 3D printer soot suction and exhaust system of claim 6, wherein: the first flow dividing plate (213) is integrally formed by a first flow guiding inclined plate (213a), a first drag reduction arc plate (213b) and a first flow guiding straight plate (213c), and the second flow dividing plate (214) is integrally formed by a second flow guiding inclined plate (214a) and a second drag reduction arc plate (214 b).
8. The 3D printer soot suction and exhaust system of claim 1, wherein: the top wall of the bin body (11) is provided with a protective lens allowing laser to penetrate, and the smoke raising area is a light outlet part of the protective lens.
9. The 3D printer soot suction and exhaust system of claim 1, wherein: the bottom wall of the bin body (11) is provided with a melting and forming platform, and the smoke dust raising area is the space above the melting and forming platform.
CN202110094674.2A 2021-01-25 2021-01-25 Smoke suction and exhaust system of 3D printer Pending CN112974850A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113319296A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-31 威斯坦(厦门)实业有限公司 Be applied to small-size 3D printer's exhaust guiding device and small-size 3D printer
CN114211008A (en) * 2021-09-24 2022-03-22 深圳市华阳新材料科技有限公司 A structure of evenly induced drafting for 3D printing apparatus
CN114506082A (en) * 2022-01-26 2022-05-17 嘉兴数字三维智能制造研究院有限公司 3D prints and uses wind field system
CN115229218A (en) * 2022-07-21 2022-10-25 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 Wind field intelligent control method and device, wind field equipment and readable storage medium
CN115365512A (en) * 2022-09-08 2022-11-22 深圳市华阳新材料科技有限公司 Balanced negative pressure mechanism of evenly induced drafting with adjustable segmentation

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113319296A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-31 威斯坦(厦门)实业有限公司 Be applied to small-size 3D printer's exhaust guiding device and small-size 3D printer
CN114211008A (en) * 2021-09-24 2022-03-22 深圳市华阳新材料科技有限公司 A structure of evenly induced drafting for 3D printing apparatus
CN114506082A (en) * 2022-01-26 2022-05-17 嘉兴数字三维智能制造研究院有限公司 3D prints and uses wind field system
CN115229218A (en) * 2022-07-21 2022-10-25 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 Wind field intelligent control method and device, wind field equipment and readable storage medium
CN115229218B (en) * 2022-07-21 2023-11-10 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 Wind field intelligent control method and device, wind field equipment and readable storage medium
CN115365512A (en) * 2022-09-08 2022-11-22 深圳市华阳新材料科技有限公司 Balanced negative pressure mechanism of evenly induced drafting with adjustable segmentation

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