CN112974012A - Gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle with built-in magnetizing structure and atomizing method - Google Patents
Gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle with built-in magnetizing structure and atomizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112974012A CN112974012A CN202110379779.2A CN202110379779A CN112974012A CN 112974012 A CN112974012 A CN 112974012A CN 202110379779 A CN202110379779 A CN 202110379779A CN 112974012 A CN112974012 A CN 112974012A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
- B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
- B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
- C02F1/481—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields using permanent magnets
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gas phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetizing structure and an atomizing method, wherein the device comprises a cylindrical shell; a liquid inlet is arranged at the first end of the shell, and a cyclone outlet is arranged at the second end of the shell; an air inlet is formed in the middle of the side wall of the shell, a tapered inner flow passage is formed at the position of the liquid inlet and is communicated with the liquid inlet and the bubble-shaped flow outlet, an aeration hole is formed in the side wall of a diffusion section of the tapered inner flow passage, a magnetization cavity is formed in the outer side of the diffusion section, and a magnetization ring is arranged in the magnetization cavity; an air cavity is arranged on the outer side of the magnetization cavity and the outer side of the aeration hole section, the air cavity is communicated with the air inlet and the air cyclone outlet, and the aeration hole is communicated with the air cavity and the tapered inner runner; the bubble-shaped outflow port is communicated with the cyclone flow outlet; swirl passages are uniformly arranged in the air cavity along the circumferential direction; the volume of a preceding stage magnetizer placed at the liquid inlet of the nozzle is reduced, the magnetizing distance is shorter, a more flexible application scene and a better physicochemical effect are realized, and the gas-phase auxiliary atomizing condition and the cost are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas-liquid two-phase flow atomization, and particularly relates to an atomization method of a gas-phase auxiliary atomization nozzle with a built-in magnetization structure.
Background
Atomization technology has been widely used in various fields as a highly efficient liquid breaking technology. For example, aerosol therapy devices are widely used in medical procedures to produce easily absorbed drug particles; a dust-settling spraying technology is adopted in a mine field, so that air particles which are extremely harmful to workers are reduced; the spraying technology is used in the manual cooling process, and compared with an air conditioner, the cooling speed is higher, and the range is larger.
The atomization technology is mainly based on the design of the atomization nozzle, and the quality of the atomization nozzle determines the advancement of the atomization technology to a great extent. For the gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle, the atomizing nozzles commonly used at present mainly include a bubble atomizing nozzle and a pneumatic atomizing nozzle. The bubble atomizing nozzle is used for introducing high-pressure gas into high-pressure liquid, mixing the high-pressure gas and the high-pressure gas, and spraying the mixture from a nozzle to realize atomization, and has high requirement on air pressure; the pneumatic atomizing nozzle shears liquid by carrying higher kinetic energy airflow and realizes atomization through the process of liquid film-liquid filament-liquid drop, and the air consumption is higher.
Magnetization refers to a phenomenon that when a medium is subjected to a magnetic field, the medium shows certain magnetism because the alignment and orientation of magnetic moments in the material tend to be consistent. Pure water is a diamagnetic dielectric substance, but recent researches show that the magnetized water body has paramagnetic characteristics such as a magnetic memory effect, a magnetic saturation effect and the like.
Water molecules are mutually connected by hydrogen bonds at normal temperature, a large number of water molecule associations exist, and hydrogen atoms of the water molecules are transmitted among different water molecules to form proton current, which shows that a water body can be magnetized. According to the principle of forming the most hydrogen bonds, the binding capacity of free hydrogen bonds is increased after magnetization, so that the water molecule association is increased, and the specific expression is that after a water body passes through a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow direction, the surface tension and the dynamic viscosity of the water body are both reduced, so that the atomization process of the water body is facilitated.
Aiming at the existing gas phase atomizing nozzle, the air pressure of the bubble atomizing nozzle is higher, the air consumption of the pneumatic atomizing nozzle is higher, and the low-cost high-efficiency atomization can not be realized. The existing magnetizing equipment has larger volume and higher cost, and can not realize large-scale application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetizing structure, which is improved on the basis of the prior art, although the gas-liquid mass ratio is slightly increased, on one hand, the whole volume is reduced, the volume of a pre-stage magnetizer placed at a liquid inlet of the nozzle is reduced, and the pre-stage magnetizer is embedded in a shell.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a gas phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetized structure comprises a cylindrical shell; a liquid inlet is arranged at the first end of the shell, and a cyclone outlet is arranged at the second end of the shell; an air inlet is formed in the middle of the side wall of the shell, a tapered inner flow passage is arranged at the position of the liquid inlet, one end of the tapered inner flow passage is connected with the liquid inlet, a bubble-shaped flow outlet is formed in the other end of the tapered inner flow passage, an aeration hole is formed in the side wall of a diffusion section of the tapered inner flow passage, a magnetization cavity is formed in the outer side of the tapered inner flow passage, and a magnetization ring is arranged in the magnetization cavity; an air cavity is arranged outside the magnetization cavity and outside the aeration hole section, one end of the air cavity is connected with the air inlet, the other end of the air cavity is communicated with the air cyclone outlet, one end of the aeration hole is communicated with the air cavity, and the other end of the aeration hole is communicated with the tapered inner flow channel; the bubble-shaped outflow port is communicated with the cyclone flow outlet; the magnetizing ring comprises 8 magnetic shoes, and 8 magnetic shoes form a set of annular Halbach magnetizing array; a plurality of rotational flow channels are uniformly arranged in the air cavity along the circumferential direction.
The cyclone outflow port is positioned on the central axis of the tapered inner flow passage.
The air cavity to the cyclone outlet is a tapered channel.
A plurality of spinning disks are uniformly arranged in the air cavity along the circumferential direction to form a spinning channel, and the spinning angle of a single spinning disk is 40-60 degrees.
The length of the effective magnetic field in the magnetized ring is more than 10 mm; the magnetic field is perpendicular to the water flow direction and has a strength of 170-200 mT.
The axial distance between the bubble-shaped outflow port and the cyclone flow outlet is 15.3mm, and the diameter of an air gap of the magnetizing ring is 7 mm; the inner diameter of the liquid inlet is 16mm, the inner diameter of the air inlet is 6mm, the diameter of the reduction type inner flow channel is reduced from 16mm to 8mm, the number of aeration holes is 14, each group is 3, the diameter of the aeration hole is 0.7mm, the number of the bubble-shaped outflow holes is 4, and the radius of the bubble-shaped outflow hole is 1 mm.
The air inlets are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the shell, a plurality of groups of aeration holes are arranged on the wall of the tapered inner runner, and a plurality of aeration holes are arranged in each group.
The gradually-shrinking inner flow passage adopts a Venturi type pipeline, and the throat part of the Venturi type pipeline is hermetically connected with the liquid inlet of the shell.
The invention relates to an atomization method of a gas-phase auxiliary atomization nozzle with a built-in magnetization structure, which comprises the following steps of:
compressed gas is introduced into a gas inlet of the gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle, one part of the gas enters the tapered inner flow channel through the aeration hole, and the other part of the gas is sprayed out from a gas swirl outlet in a cyclone flow mode under the action of the swirl sheet;
water is introduced into a liquid inlet of the gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle, the flow velocity of the water flow is increased through a reducing structure of a reducing inner flow passage, the pressure intensity is reduced, the magnetization is completed under the action of a magnetization ring, and gas introduced from a gas inlet is mixed into the water flow in a bubble form through an aeration hole to form a bubble two-phase flow; the bubble-shaped two-phase flow is sprayed out through the bubble-shaped outlet, so that the liquid is crushed for the first time; the crushed liquid drops are impacted by high-speed rotational flow gas sprayed from the gas rotational flow outlet to finish shearing action, so that secondary crushing is realized.
The water flow speed of the magnetizing ring is constant at 1.2m/s, the position of the magnetizing ring is 10mm away from the air swirl flow outlet, and the distance from the magnetizing ring to the optimal atomization is 100 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, gas is pressed into the liquid flow channel through the aeration hole, and is sprayed out through the outlet hole after being fully mixed with water to form bubble flow, and primary atomization is realized through the pressure difference between the nozzle liquid flow channel and the atmosphere; then the fully broken liquid film-liquid filament mixture is sheared by high-speed rotational flow gas sprayed out of the gas rotational flow outlet to realize secondary atomization; in addition, the magnetizing ring is embedded in the nozzle shell, the bubble flow to be sprayed is directly magnetized, the magnetizing length required by conventional magnetizing equipment is effectively shortened, and the volume of the equipment is reduced; the Halbach magnetization array structure is adopted, so that magnetic leakage is reduced, and an internal magnetic field is enhanced; the pneumatic pressure required by the nozzle is low, only 80kPa, the gas consumption is low, the gas-liquid mass ratio is only 1.0, the gas phase condition is easy to meet, and the nozzle is suitable for popularization and promotion in a large range; the required magnetization distance is short, the volume of a magnetization structure is effectively reduced, the use flexibility is enhanced, the effect is hardly influenced by electromagnetic equipment in a working environment, and the effect is stable;
compared with the existing nozzle, the nozzle has the advantages of smaller volume and wider application range, and can reduce the influence of the nozzle on the flow field structure of the cooling device when being applied to the cooling device; in the mine dust removal application, the spray dust removal equipment occupies a smaller area and has obvious advantages; compared with the traditional atomizing nozzle, the nozzle provided by the invention has the advantages that the atomizing particle size is smaller, and the required pneumatic pressure is lower. The non-uniformity of the spray generated by the traditional bubble atomizing nozzle in space and time is greatly reduced.
The method can realize uniform, fine and efficient atomization, has few control parameters and simple and reliable atomization process, is beneficial to reducing the overall cost of the atomization process, and can be used for various gas-phase auxiliary atomization occasions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a weather-assisted atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetizer according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a weather-assisted atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetizer according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a tapered inner flow passage, 2 is an aeration hole, 3 is a bubble-shaped outflow port, 4 is an air swirl outlet, 5 is a tapered air passage, 6 is a magnetized ring, 7 is a swirl plate, 8 is an air inlet, and 9 is a liquid inlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetization structure is a bubble atomizing nozzle, a pneumatic atomizing nozzle or a nozzle combining bubble atomizing and pneumatic atomizing, and comprises a cylindrical shell, a liquid inlet 9, a tapered inner flow channel 1, an air inlet 8, an aeration hole 2, a magnetization device 2, a magnetization ring 6, a swirl vane 7, a tapered air passage 5, a bubble-shaped outflow port 3 and a cyclone flow outlet 4. Wherein, one end of the shell is provided with a liquid inlet 9, and the other end is provided with a cyclone outlet 4; the inside of the shell is embedded with a magnetizing device 2 consisting of a magnetizing ring 6; a plurality of air inlets 8 have been seted up at casing lateral wall middle part, are provided with gradually-contracting formula internal flow way 1 in the casing, and 1 one end of gradually-contracting formula internal flow way links to each other with inlet 9, and the other end is provided with a plurality of bubble egress openings 3, and gradually-contracting formula internal flow way 1 is including continuous entry, contraction section and diffusion section, has seted up a plurality of aeration holes 2 on the lateral wall of the diffusion section of gradually-contracting formula internal flow way 1, and 1 outside of gradually-contracting formula internal flow way is provided with the air chamber, and the air chamber is the gradually-contracting formula. One end of the air cavity is connected with the air inlet 8, the other end of the air cavity is communicated with the air rotational flow outlet 4, one end of the aeration hole 2 is communicated with the air cavity, and the other end of the aeration hole is communicated with the tapered inner flow passage 1; the bubble outflow port 3 communicates with the cyclonic flow outlet 4, and a cyclonic flow passage is provided in the air chamber.
In a preferred embodiment, the aeration holes are formed near the air inlet.
The cyclonic flow outlet 4 is located on the central axis of the tapered inner flow passage 1.
Specifically, the inner diameter of the liquid inlet 9 is 16 mm; the inner diameter of the air inlet 8 is 6 mm; the Venturi type inner flow passage 3 is gradually reduced from the diameter of 16mm to the diameter of 8 mm; aeration hole 2 and air inlet 8 adopt the offset structure, relative setting promptly, and the gas of being convenient for like this gets into aeration hole 2 in, aeration hole 2 totally 42, and the diameter is 0.7mm to three rows are arranged side by side, do benefit to the air admission. Part of the gas forming bubbles in the inlet air is pressed into liquid flow through the difference between the inside and the outside of the aeration hole 2, and part of the gas is flushed into the aeration hole 2 because the aeration hole 2 and the air inlet 8 are arranged oppositely.
The total number of the bubble-shaped outflow openings 3 is 4, and the bubble-shaped outflow openings are arranged in a regular quadrilateral arrangement, namely are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, so that the crushing effect can be enhanced, the crushing process can be stabilized, and the liquid phase flow rate can be greatly increased. The radius of each bubble flow outlet 3 is 1mm, and the distance between the centers of adjacent bubble flow outlets 3 is 1.41 mm.
A plurality of swirl vanes 7 are arranged in the air chamber. The spinning disk 7 forms the whirl passageway along circumference evenly distributed, and spinning disk 7 sets up six altogether, and 7 whirl angles of single spinning disk are 40 to 60, and 7 whirl angles of single spinning disk as preferred embodiment are 60, and the central angle that adjacent spinning disk 7 corresponds is 60, and gaseous through 6 spinning disk 7 production high-speed whirl gas, realization pneumatic atomization part. The larger the swirl angle of the swirl plate 7 is, the larger the relative liquid flow speed of the air flow is, and the better the atomization effect is. However, too large an angle will also result in excessive kinetic energy consumption of the gas, which adversely affects atomization. The optimal atomization angles for different nozzle configurations are also different.
The axial distance between the bubble-like outflow port 3 and the swirling flow port 4 was 15.3mm, and the diameter of the air gap of the magnetizing ring, that is, the inner diameter of the magnetizing ring was 7 mm.
The nozzle of the invention is reduced from 70mm of total length and 20mm of radius to 40mm of total length and 10mm of radius.
The magnetizing means consist of a magnetizing ring 6. Each magnetizing ring 6 comprises 8 neodymium iron boron magnetic blocks with remanence of 0.7T, the 8 neodymium iron boron magnetic blocks form a group of Halbach (Halbach array) structured magnetizing units according to a certain arrangement mode, and the magnetic field in the air gap of each magnetizing ring 6 is a uniform and strong constant magnetic field with 1.2T vertical upward. Each magnetizing ring 6 has an axial length of 30 mm.
When the gas swirl outlet 4 adopts circular arc transition, the atomization effect is better, but the corresponding production cost is high, and the device can be used for occasions with higher requirements on the atomization effect.
When the gas swirl outlet 4 is not in arc transition, the manufacturing cost is low, and the method can be applied to occasions with low requirements on particle size.
The function of the nozzle of the invention in different application scenarios is briefly described as follows:
there are two main types of combustion engine inlet air cooling technologies in general: the refrigeration type cooling and the evaporative type cooling may be classified into direct cooling and indirect cooling according to whether the cooling medium is in direct contact with the air. The straight nozzle can be used for directly cooling the inlet air of the gas turbine, the direct cooling comprises spray cooling, wet compression, direct water spraying and the like, the refrigerant of the direct cooling mode is mainly water spray cooling, the key water atomization technology is very important, and once the straight nozzle fails, the straight nozzle can cause fatal damage to the gas generator set; the nozzle is applied to an air inlet cooling system of a gas turbine, and the air inlet cooling system increases the density of air and improves the mass flow of the air inlet by reducing the air inlet temperature of the gas turbine, so that the output of the gas turbine is increased; on the other hand, as the intake air temperature decreases, the compressor power consumption also decreases.
The nozzle can be applied to dust removal of coal mines, and during the production process of the coal mines, a coal mining machine under the coal mines can generate a large amount of dust during the coal mining process, the dust seriously affects the working environment of mining workers under the coal mines, and water spraying atomization dust removal is needed. Because the distribution range of the particle size of the coal dust is large, the coal dust can be generated continuously in the mining process, and continuous and efficient atomization and dust removal are needed. This consumes a large amount of water and compressor power, which is detrimental to the overall economic benefits of the coal mine. The nozzle integrates the pneumatic atomization and bubble atomization technologies, the liquid film breaking difficulty is reduced by utilizing the magnetization modification technology, the evaporation rate is improved, the characteristics of small bubble atomization gas flow and small pneumatic atomization gas pressure are efficiently combined, the efficient atomization of the Sohaler average diameter 13.21 mu m is realized under the conditions of lower gas phase gauge pressure of 80kPa and liquid phase flow of 40kg/h, the distance required by atomization is extremely short, and accurate and efficient dust removal under the mine exploitation environment is realized.
The nozzle can be applied to chemical water mixing. In a multiphase reaction scene in a chemical process, such as a fluidized bed, liquid-phase reaction components need to be added to accurately control the concentration of each reaction component, and a nozzle needs to be used for atomizing the reaction components to uniformly disperse the reaction components.
Compared with the original nozzle, the nozzle has smaller volume and wider application range. When the spray dust removal device is applied to interstage cooling of a compressor, the influence of the nozzle on a flow field structure can be reduced, and in mine dust removal application, the spray dust removal device occupies a smaller area and has obvious advantages.
Compared with the traditional atomizing nozzle, the nozzle has the advantages that the atomizing particle size is smaller and the required pneumatic pressure is lower. The non-uniformity of the spray generated by the traditional bubble atomizing nozzle in space and time is greatly reduced.
Claims (10)
1. A gas phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetized structure is characterized by comprising a cylindrical shell; a liquid inlet (9) is arranged at the first end of the shell, and a cyclone outlet (4) is arranged at the second end of the shell; an air inlet (8) is formed in the middle of the side wall of the shell, a tapered inner runner (1) is arranged at the position of the liquid inlet (9), one end of the tapered inner runner (1) is connected with the liquid inlet (9), a bubble-shaped outflow port (3) is formed in the other end of the tapered inner runner, an aeration hole (2) is formed in the side wall of a diffusion section of the tapered inner runner (1), a magnetization cavity is formed in the outer side of the tapered inner runner (1), and a magnetization ring (6) is arranged in the magnetization cavity; an air cavity is arranged on the outer side of the magnetization cavity and the outer side of the aeration hole (2), one end of the air cavity is connected with an air inlet (8), the other end of the air cavity is communicated with the cyclone outflow port (4), one end of the aeration hole (2) is communicated with the air cavity, and the other end of the aeration hole is communicated with the tapered inner flow passage (1); the bubble-shaped outflow opening (3) is communicated with the cyclone outflow opening (4); the magnetizing ring (6) comprises 8 magnetic shoes, and 8 magnetic shoes form a set of annular Halbach magnetizing array; a plurality of rotational flow channels are uniformly arranged in the air cavity along the circumferential direction.
2. The gas-phase-assisted atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetization structure according to claim 1, wherein the cyclonic flow outlet (4) is located on the central axis of the tapered inner flow passage (1).
3. Gas-phase-assisted atomizing nozzle with built-in magnetization structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the air chamber to cyclonic flow outlet (4) is a tapered channel.
4. The gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetization structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of swirl plates (7) are uniformly arranged in the air chamber along the circumferential direction to form a swirl passage, and the swirl angle of a single swirl plate (7) is 40-60 °.
5. The gas-phase-assisted atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetization structure according to claim 1, wherein the length of the effective magnetic field in the magnetization ring is greater than 10 mm; the magnetic field is perpendicular to the water flow direction and has a strength of 170-200 mT.
6. The gas-phase-assisted atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetization structure according to claim 1, wherein the axial distance between the bubble-shaped outflow opening (3) and the swirling flow outlet (4) is 15.3mm, and the air gap diameter of the magnetization ring (6) is 7 mm; the inner diameter of the liquid inlet (9) is 16mm, the inner diameter of the air inlet (8) is 6mm, the reducing inner flow channel (1) is gradually reduced to be 8mm from 16mm, the number of the aeration holes (2) is 14, each group is 3, the diameter of the aeration holes (2) is 0.7mm, the number of the bubble-shaped outflow holes (3) is 4, and the radius of the bubble-shaped outflow hole (3) is 1 mm.
7. The gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetization structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein there are two air inlets (8) uniformly along the circumference of the housing, and the aeration holes (2) are opened in multiple groups along the wall of the tapered inner flow passage (1), each group having multiple aeration holes.
8. The gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle with built-in magnetization structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tapered inner flow passage (1) is a venturi tube, and the throat part of the venturi tube is hermetically connected with the liquid inlet (9) of the housing.
9. An atomizing method of a gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle with a built-in magnetized structure based on claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
compressed gas is introduced into a gas inlet (8) of the gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle, one part of the gas enters the tapered inner runner (1) through the aeration hole (2), and the other part of the gas is sprayed out from the gas swirl outlet (4) in a gas swirl mode under the action of the swirl plate (7);
water is introduced into a liquid inlet (9) of the gas-phase auxiliary atomizing nozzle, the flow velocity of the water flow is increased through a reducing structure of the reducing inner flow channel (1), the pressure intensity is reduced, the magnetization is completed under the action of the magnetization ring (6), and the gas introduced from the gas inlet (8) is mixed into the water flow in a bubble form through the aeration hole (2) to form bubble-shaped two-phase flow; the bubble-shaped two-phase flow is sprayed out through the bubble-shaped outlet (3) to realize the first crushing of the liquid; the crushed liquid drops are impacted by high-speed rotational flow gas sprayed out of the cyclone flow outlet (4) to finish shearing action, so that secondary crushing is realized.
10. An atomisation method according to claim 9 characterised in that the magnetized ring water flow velocity is constant at 1.2m/s, the magnetized ring (6) is positioned 10mm from the cyclonic flow outlet (4) and 100mm from the optimum atomisation distance.
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CN115055291A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-16 | 江苏大学 | Large atomization amount magnetized fine mist drop generator |
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