CN112973370A - VOC (volatile organic compound) treatment and water recovery device and method for wood heat treatment - Google Patents
VOC (volatile organic compound) treatment and water recovery device and method for wood heat treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112973370A CN112973370A CN202110225845.0A CN202110225845A CN112973370A CN 112973370 A CN112973370 A CN 112973370A CN 202110225845 A CN202110225845 A CN 202110225845A CN 112973370 A CN112973370 A CN 112973370A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 300
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 title description 198
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 175
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/30—Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/40—Acidic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K1/00—Damping wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
- B27K5/009—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C using a well-defined temperature schedule
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a VOC treatment and water recovery device and method for wood heat treatment, wherein the device comprises: the device and the method can effectively solve the problem of discharge of acidic pungent gases and VOC generated in the high-temperature heat treatment process of wood and bamboo, carry out grading treatment on gas-phase products in the high-temperature heat treatment process, recycle condensable components in the gas-phase products through a flow control valve and a condensation system, purify and discharge or collect the VOC in the gas-phase products through a VOC purification and filtration system, and realize green energy-saving production of the wood and the bamboo in the high-temperature heat treatment. Meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, simple operation method and small installation difficulty, and can be widely applied to the wood processing industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wood and bamboo processing and energy conservation and emission reduction, and particularly relates to a VOC (volatile organic compound) treatment device, in particular to a VOC treatment device in a wood and bamboo heat treatment process.
Background
The high-temperature heat treatment is used as a physical active modification method, and the purposes of effectively improving the dimensional stability and the decorative effect of the wood and the bamboo are achieved only by changing the chemical components and the biological structures of the wood and the bamboo under the high-temperature condition, so that the high-efficiency wood and bamboo modification technology is approved by consumers and is widely applied to the fields of buildings, furniture, indoor and outdoor decorative materials and the like. Although the high-temperature heat treatment does not use any chemical agent, many components of wood (especially trees with more contents, such as pine and the like) and bamboo are heated and volatilized or degraded under high-temperature environment, so that a large amount of VOC (volatile organic compounds) which can damage the environment is directly discharged, and acidic pungent odor which is harmful to human bodies is often generated.
To the problem of VOC treatment in the wood and bamboo heat treatment process, Chinese patent CN201510630014.6, "a collection system and method of VOC in the wood heat treatment process" provides a treatment idea of absorbing VOC released in the wood heat treatment process through multi-level absorption, adopts a plurality of devices connected in sequence to be connected in series, and the flue gas generated by heat treatment is circulated between the heat treatment device and the VOC absorption device, so that the high-efficiency absorption of VOC released by the high-temperature heat treatment of the wood is realized, and the VOC emission in the high-temperature heat treatment process is accurately and quantitatively analyzed. Although the invention can effectively collect VOC, the absorption device is complex in arrangement, and only VOC is collected but not treated and recycled, so that the aims of energy conservation and emission reduction can not be well achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of VOC emission and acidic pungent odor in the wood and bamboo heat treatment process, and provides a device and a method for treating VOC and recovering water in the wood heat treatment process.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention provides a VOC treatment and moisture recovery device for wood heat treatment, which comprises a condensing system, an induced draft fan, a VOC purification system and a water tank, wherein the water tank is arranged at the bottom of a heat treatment kiln and is used for supplementing heating and protecting media in the high-temperature heat treatment kiln; the condensation system, the VOC purification system and the induced draft fan are arranged outside the heat treatment kiln, one end of the condensation system is connected with a moisture exhaust actuator of the heat treatment kiln through a pipeline, and the other end of the condensation system is respectively connected with the induced draft fan and the VOC purification system through pipelines; the draught fan is connected with the condensing system and the VOC purification system through pipelines.
Wherein, the condensation system is a moisture condensation recovery system and is used for cooling and condensing the gas-phase product flowing out of the heat treatment kiln, wherein the component with low liquefaction temperature can be liquefied by the condensed component (mainly water vapor) in the condensation system to form liquid (water liquid), and the component with high liquefaction temperature is still discharged from the condensation system in a gas form; the VOC purification system is used for purifying and treating VOC generated by high-temperature heat treatment; the draught fan is used for taking out the gas in the heat treatment kiln, then carry in proper order to condensing system, discharge behind the VOC clean system (if reach the emission standard rule from the gas that condensing system flowed and do not flow into the VOC clean system and directly discharge from the draught fan), when gaseous phase result can't get into condensing system under the condition of no external power promptly, provide power and make gaseous phase result outflow heat treatment kiln to guarantee that the device can be in the high temperature heat treatment kiln low pressure and the normal pressure the state under move as usual, realize administering high temperature heat treatment overall process VOC.
In particular, the condensing system is connected with the water tank through a pipeline and is used for conveying liquid formed by condensation of the condensing system into the water tank.
And a gas-phase product generated in the heat treatment process is condensed by a condensing system to form a condensate which flows back to a water tank in the heat treatment kiln after being cooled, and the condensate is vaporized at high temperature in the heat treatment kiln to form a heating and protecting medium in the heat treatment kiln, so that the water is recycled.
Wherein, a pressure sensor is arranged at the outlet of the moisture exhaust actuator of the heat treatment kiln and is used for monitoring the pressure in the heat treatment kiln. The device is used for controlling the opening or closing of the induced draft fan, so that gas-phase products in the high-temperature heat treatment process flow into the condensing system, the device can be ensured to normally operate in the high-temperature heat treatment kiln under the states of low pressure and normal pressure, and the VOC treatment in the whole high-temperature heat treatment process is realized.
Particularly, the pressure sensor is connected with the induced draft fan in a wired or wireless transmission mode (such as data line connection or Bluetooth wireless transmission connection), and the induced draft fan is controlled to be opened or closed according to the pressure in the heat treatment kiln measured by the pressure sensor in the heat treatment process.
Particularly, when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure of the gas-phase medium in the heat treatment kiln is 1atm, the induced draft fan is started to exhaust gas, the gas in the heat treatment kiln is exhausted, and the gas-phase product flows into the condensing system; when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure of the gas-phase medium is greater than 1atm, the induced draft fan is closed.
The water tank is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the heat treatment kiln, fixedly mounted at the bottom of the heat treatment kiln and positioned below the material to be treated, and the length of the water tank is consistent with the longitudinal direction of the heat treatment kiln.
In particular, the ratio of the volume of the water tank to the volume of the heat treatment kiln is (5-15):100, preferably (6-10): 100.
Particularly, the length of the water tank is adapted to the longitudinal length of the heat treatment kiln, and the width of the water tank is adapted to the transverse length of the heat treatment kiln, so that water in the water tank is evaporated and uniformly distributed in the heat treatment kiln, and the uniformity of media in the kiln is ensured.
Particularly, a liquid level sensor is further arranged in the water tank and used for monitoring the position change of the liquid level in the water tank and the change of the water amount in the water tank.
In particular, the level sensor is arranged on a side wall of the water tank.
The condensing system comprises at least one condensing pipe and a closed condensing water tank, wherein the condensing pipe is fixedly connected with the top of the condensing water tank, and the bottom of the condensing pipe is communicated with the inside of the condensing water tank.
Particularly, a gas outlet is formed in the top of the condensed water tank, 2 pipelines are arranged at the gas outlet, one pipeline is connected with the induced draft fan, the other pipeline is connected with the VOC purification system, and the unliquefied gas after cooling treatment of the condensation system is directly discharged through the induced draft fan if the unliquefied gas reaches the discharge standard; if the discharge standard is not met, the waste water is purified and absorbed by a VOC purification system and then discharged.
In particular, the ratio of the volume of the condensate tank to the volume of the water tank is (0.4-1.1): 1, preferably (0.5-0.8): 1.
in particular, the condensate tank is connected to the water tank via a pipeline for returning condensate in the condensate tank to the water tank.
In particular, a flow control valve is provided on a pipe connecting the condensate tank and the water tank for controlling the amount of condensate that flows back from the condensate tank into the water tank.
The condensate water tank is connected with a water tank in the heat treatment kiln through a second pipeline, and a flow control valve is arranged on the second pipeline, so that the flow direction and flow of condensate are automatically controlled according to the change of the liquid amount in the water tank, sufficient heating and protecting media are provided for high-temperature heat treatment, and the recycling of moisture is realized.
Particularly, the condensation pipe is vertically fixed on the top of the condensation water tank.
Particularly, two ends of the condensation pipe are opened, one end of the condensation pipe is connected with a moisture exhaust actuator of the heat treatment kiln through a first pipeline, and the other end of the condensation pipe is communicated with the inside of the condensation water tank.
In particular, the condensed water tank is a closed water tank.
Before the heat treatment, distilled water can be added into the condensed water tank, and the addition amount of the distilled water is 0-0.2 times of the volume of the condensed water tank, preferably 0.1 time. Distilled water in the condensed water tank can be used as a reserved supplementary substance for heating and protecting a medium in the heat treatment process, and sufficient water is provided for the heat treatment.
The condensation system consists of 2 condensation pipes and 1 closed condensation water tank, wherein the first condensation pipe and the second condensation pipe are fixedly arranged at the top of the condensation water tank, the interior of the condensation pipes is communicated with the condensation water tank, and the bottom of the first condensation pipe extends out of the top of the condensation water tank; the bottom of the second condensation pipe is flush with the top of the condensate water tank or extends out of the top of the condensate water tank.
Particularly, the bottom end of the first condensation pipe extends out of the top of the condensation water tank and is used for preventing condensation liquid from being accumulated on the top wall or the side wall of the condensation water tank and being incapable of being injected into the water tank through the second pipeline, and the condensation water enters the heat treatment process and flows in a medium circulation mode, so that the moisture is recycled to the maximum extent.
In particular, the bottom end of the first condensation pipe extends 1-4cm, preferably 1-2cm, out of the top of the condensate tank.
Particularly, the first and second condensation pipes are vertically fixed at the top of the condensed water tank, and the bottoms of the first and second condensation pipes are communicated with the inside of the condensed water tank.
The first condensation pipe is connected with an outlet of a moisture removal actuator of the heat treatment kiln through a first pipeline, and gas-phase products generated in the heat treatment process of the wood in the heat treatment kiln are introduced into a condensation system.
Particularly, the condensed water tank is connected with the water tank through a second pipeline and is used for collecting condensed liquid in the condensed water tank after condensation treatment of the condensation system and returning the condensed liquid to the water tank.
The condensate reflowing to the water tank is vaporized at high temperature in the heat treatment process and is used as a heating and protecting medium in the heat treatment kiln, so that the water is recycled.
In particular, the second pipeline is also provided with a flow control valve for controlling the flow of condensed water in the condensed water tank.
When a liquid level sensor in a water tank in the heat treatment kiln monitors that the water amount in the water tank is lower than a water amount starting set value, a flow control valve is opened, a second pipeline is unobstructed, and liquid formed by condensation of a condensation system and stored in a condensate tank is injected into the water tank; and when the water quantity of the water tank reaches or is higher than the water quantity closing set value, closing the flow control valve and disconnecting the second pipeline.
The water volume starting and closing set values are two water tank water volume values which are manually set before high-temperature heat treatment and are used for controlling the opening and closing of the flow control valve.
Particularly, the water quantity starting setting value of the flow control valve is that the ratio of the water quantity in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is less than 50:100, preferably less than 35:100, and further preferably 20-35: 100; the water quantity closed set value of the flow control valve is that the ratio of the water quantity in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is more than or equal to 50:100, preferably 50-100:100, preferably 60-80:100, and further preferably 60-70: 100.
wherein, first, second condenser pipe are both ends opening elongated condenser pipe, vertical setting and condensate tank top, and first, second condenser pipe are linked together with condensate tank is inside.
Particularly, the top end of the first condensation pipe is connected with a moisture exhaust actuator (namely a moisture exhaust port or an air intake and exhaust port) of the heat treatment kiln through a first pipeline, and the lower end of the first condensation pipe is communicated with the interior of the condensation water tank.
Particularly, the bottom end of the first condensation pipe extends out of the top of the condensation water tank and is used for preventing condensation liquid from being accumulated on the top wall or the side wall of the condensation water tank and being incapable of being injected into the water tank through the second pipeline, and the condensation water enters the heat treatment process and flows in a medium circulation mode, so that the moisture is recycled to the maximum extent.
The phenomenon that moisture is not gathered at the bottom of the condensed water tank due to the fact that the wall is hung when moisture is gathered on the inner wall of the condensed water tank is prevented. If the phenomenon of wall hanging of the water content occurs, the water content can not flow back into the water tank.
In particular, the bottom end of the first condensation pipe extends 1-4cm, preferably 1-2cm, out of the top of the condensate tank.
Particularly, the bottom end of the second condensation pipe is fixed at the top of the condensation water tank, and the top end of the second condensation pipe is connected with the induced draft fan through a third pipeline; is connected with the VOC purification system through a fourth pipeline.
In particular, the bottom end of the second condensation pipe is flush with the top of the condensate tank, or the bottom end of the second condensation pipe extends out of the top of the condensate tank but is not immersed in the condensate water in the condensate tank.
The top of the second condenser pipe is connected with an induced draft fan and a VOC purification system through a third pipeline and a fourth pipeline respectively.
Particularly, a vent valve is arranged on a third pipeline connecting the second condensation pipe and the induced draft fan, a gas VOC monitor is arranged at an outlet at the top of the second condensation pipe, the VOC content or concentration of a gas-phase product discharged from the outlet at the top of the second condensation pipe after condensation treatment by a condensation system is monitored, and when the VOC content in the waste gas is higher than the emission standard, the vent valve is closed; and when the VOC content in the waste gas is lower than or equal to the emission standard, opening the vent valve.
The VOC monitor is united with the two-way air valve, and the flow direction of the gas phase product after passing through the condensing system is controlled by opening and closing the two-way air valve: when the two-way air valve is opened, the third pipeline is communicated with the induced draft fan, and the gas-phase product is directly discharged through the induced draft fan; when the vent valve is closed, the third pipeline is disconnected with the induced draft fan, and the gas-phase product flows to the VOC purification system through the fourth pipeline, and is discharged through the induced draft fan after reaching the emission standard through the purification treatment of the VOC purification system.
Wherein, the induced draft fan is respectively connected with the condensing system and the VOC purification system through two pipelines; the air outlet of the induced draft fan is communicated with the atmosphere. The air inlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the two passages through a bipartite pipe joint.
Particularly, the induced draft fan is connected with a second condensing pipe of the condensing system through a third pipeline; and the VOC purification system is connected with the VOC purification system through a fifth pipeline.
When the gas-phase products in the heat treatment kiln can not enter the condensing system under the condition of no external power, the induced draft fan is started to provide power to draw out the gas-phase products in the heat treatment kiln and enable the gas-phase products to flow out of the heat treatment kiln, so that the device can be ensured to normally operate in the high-temperature heat treatment kiln under the conditions of low pressure and normal pressure, and the VOC treatment in the whole high-temperature heat treatment process is realized.
When the gas-phase products generated in the heat treatment process in the heat treatment kiln can not or only slightly enter the condensing system under the condition of no external power, the induced draft fan is started to exhaust air and provide power to enable the gas-phase products to flow out of the heat treatment kiln so as to ensure that the device normally operates in the high-temperature heat treatment kiln under the states of low pressure and normal pressure, and the VOC treatment in the whole high-temperature heat treatment process is realized. The pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the heat treatment kiln is arranged at the outlet of the moisture exhaust actuator of the heat treatment kiln and is linked with the induced draft fan through a data transmission line.
Particularly, the induced draft fan is not started when the temperature of the gaseous medium in the high-temperature heat treatment kiln is lower than 110-125 ℃, preferably 120 ℃, so that the shortage of the protective medium in the kiln is prevented, and fire and other accidents are prevented.
The working principle of the linkage of the induced draft fan and the pressure sensor is as follows: when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the kiln is 1atm, namely the flow rate of a gas-phase product flowing out of a moisture exhaust port is too slow or the gas-phase product does not flow out, and the gas-phase product cannot enter a condensation system under the condition of no external power, starting the induced draft fan, providing power to enable the gas-phase product to flow out of the heat treatment kiln, and flowing into the device for VOC treatment and water recovery; when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the kiln is higher than 1atm, namely a gas-phase product can flow out of a moisture exhaust port under the condition of no external power, a draught fan is closed, and the gas-phase product flows into the system to perform VOC treatment and moisture recovery under the condition of depending on the pressure in the kiln.
The VOC purification system comprises a filler tank and a filter water tank, wherein the lower part of the side wall of the filler tank is provided with a waste gas inlet, the upper part or the top of the side wall is provided with a waste gas outlet, the bottom of the side wall is provided with a condensate outlet, and the waste gas inlet is connected with a condensation system through a pipeline; the waste gas outlet is connected with a draught fan through a pipeline; the condensate outlet is connected with the filtering water tank through a pipeline. The liquid formed by condensation in the packing tank flows into the filter water tank through the condensate outlet.
Particularly, the VOC purification system comprises a filler tank and a filter water tank, wherein the lower part of the side wall of the filler tank is provided with a waste gas inlet, the upper part or the top of the side wall is provided with a waste gas outlet, the bottom of the side wall is provided with a condensate outlet, and the waste gas inlet is connected with the top end of a second condensation pipe of the condensation system through a fourth pipeline; the waste gas outlet is connected with a draught fan through a fifth pipeline; the condensate outlet is connected with the filtering water tank through a seventh pipeline.
And the gas-phase product which is condensed by the condensing system and does not reach the emission standard is conveyed into the VOC purification system through a pipeline under the action of the induced draft fan to treat the VOC, and the purified gas-phase product is directly discharged through the induced draft fan.
Particularly, the filler in the filler tank is a solid adsorbent for adsorbing VOC in the waste gas flowing through the filler tank; the filter water tank is internally provided with a liquid storage absorbent for absorbing VOC in condensate flowing into the filter water tank.
Any substance (solid adsorbent, liquid adsorbent) known in the art that can adsorb acid gas phase products generated during high temperature heat treatment of wood and bamboo is suitable for the present invention.
The filler in the filler tank is a solid VOC adsorbent, and the solid adsorbent is one or more of activated carbon, Tenax TA adsorbent, molecular sieve, silica gel or activated alumina.
Particularly, a VOC liquid absorbent is placed in the filter water tank, and the liquid absorbent is alkaline liquid.
In particular, the alkaline liquid is selected from one or more of ethylenediamine, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide or sodium sulfite. The VOC liquid absorbent can be properly selected according to the characteristic that the gas-phase product has high content of acid gas and is difficult to adsorb in the heat treatment process of wood.
Gas-phase products which are discharged by the second condensation pipe and do not meet the emission standard enter the filling tank from a waste gas inlet at the lower part of the VOC purification tank through a fourth pipeline, and pass through solid adsorption substances in the tank in the process that the gas-phase products rise from the bottom of the filling tank to a waste gas outlet at the upper part, so that the VOC is adsorbed by the adsorption substances and is subjected to VOC purification treatment; the gas-phase product which is absorbed and purified by the filler tank and reaches the emission standard is discharged through a fifth pipeline through a waste gas outlet at the upper part of the filler tank and is discharged into the atmosphere through a dehumidifier; during the purification process, condensate formed by cooling and condensation in the waste gas flows into the filter water tank through the seventh pipeline through the condensate outlet, and is thoroughly purified and absorbed in the filter water tank.
The condensation water tank of the condensation system and the filtering water tank of the VOC purification system can be connected or not connected through a conduit and are separated from each other, if the condensation water tank and the filtering water tank are connected through a conduit, an opening is formed in the side wall of the filtering water tank and is connected with the condensation water tank through a conduit, and a valve is arranged on the conduit connecting the condensation water tank and the filtering water tank and used for adjusting the flow of redundant liquid in the condensation water tank into the filtering water tank.
The filtering water tank is connected with the condensed water tank through a sixth pipeline, and a valve is arranged on the sixth pipeline and used for injecting redundant liquid in the condensing tank into the filtering water tank after the heat treatment is finished and recovering the redundant liquid after the redundant liquid is treated and purified in the filtering water tank.
The invention also provides a method for performing VOC treatment and water recovery in the wood heat treatment process by using the VOC treatment and water recovery device, which comprises the following steps in sequence:
1) first preheating and temperature rising treatment:
starting a heater and a circulating fan in the heat treatment kiln, and carrying out first preheating and temperature-raising treatment on the wood to be treated placed in the heat treatment kiln, wherein the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is raised to 110-;
2) second preheating temperature raising treatment
Continuing heating, continuing heating the wood, and performing second preheating and heating treatment until the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is raised to 130-300 ℃; the VOC generated by the second preheating and temperature rising treatment is treated through the opening and closing of the draught fan, the flow control valve and the two-way air valve, and the generated moisture is recycled;
3) constant temperature heat treatment
When the temperature in the heat treatment kiln reaches 130-;
4) first temperature and humidity reduction treatment
Closing the heater, gradually reducing the temperature in the heat treatment kiln until the temperature is reduced to 110-;
5) second temperature and humidity reduction treatment
And continuously reducing the temperature until the temperature is reduced to be less than or equal to 50 ℃, taking out the wood after the heat treatment of the wood is finished, opening a valve on a sixth pipeline, injecting redundant liquid in the condensed water tank into the filtering water tank or directly discharging the redundant liquid, and finally cleaning all parts of the device for the next reuse.
Wherein the temperature rise rate of the first preheating temperature rise treatment in the step 1) is 20-30 ℃/h, and preferably 25 ℃/h. Preheating and raising the temperature until the temperature in the kiln reaches 120 ℃.
Particularly, in the first preheating and temperature rising treatment stage, the induced draft fan, the flow control valve and the two vent valves are closed and do not work.
The VOC content of the gas-phase product generated by the wood in the first preheating and temperature-raising treatment stage is less and is mostly moisture in the wood, the pressure in the kiln is always one atmosphere, and the gas-phase product basically cannot flow into a condensation system of the device; and in the first preheating and temperature raising treatment stage, the liquid in the water tank in the heat treatment kiln is gradually vaporized to form water vapor, and the water vapor is mixed with the original air in the kiln and the moisture dried out from the wood to form a heating and protecting medium in the heat treatment process.
Particularly, the method further comprises a step S1) of preheating treatment before the step 1) of preheating treatment, wherein the wood to be treated is placed in a heat treatment kiln, distilled water is injected into a condensed water tank and a water tank, the heat treatment kiln is sealed, and the tightness of the device is checked.
Wherein, the flow control valve is connected with the liquid level sensor in the water tank through wired or wireless transmission mode connection (such as data line connection or Bluetooth wireless transmission connection); the two-way air valve is connected with a pressure sensor at the outlet of the heat treatment kiln moisture removal actuator.
Wherein, the ratio of the water quantity injected into the condensed water tank to the volume of the condensed water tank is (0-20):100, preferably (5-10): 100; the ratio of the amount of water (volume of water) injected into the water tank to the volume of the water tank is (15-100):100, preferably (15-99):100, and more preferably (90-97): 100.
In particular, the method also comprises the steps of checking the communication condition between the flow control valve and the liquid level sensor in the water tank, and setting the starting and closing water quantity set values of the flow control valve.
The flow control valve is opened, the second pipeline is communicated, and condensate in the condensate water tank flows back to the water tank; i.e. when the water level sensor detects that the ratio of the amount of water in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is less than 50:100, preferably less than 35:100, more preferably 20 to 35: at 100, the flow control valve is opened.
In particular, the water amount opening set value is preferably <35:100, more preferably 20 to 35: 100.
When the flow control valve is closed, the water flow set value is a water flow closing set value, namely the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is more than or equal to 50:100, the flow control valve is closed, the second pipeline is disconnected, and water injection into the water tank is stopped; that is, when the water level sensor in the water tank detects that the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is equal to or more than 50:100, preferably 50-100:100, preferably 60-80:100, and more preferably 60-70: at 100, the flow control valve is opened.
Particularly, the method also comprises the steps of checking the communication condition between the induced draft fan and a pressure sensor at the outlet of the dehumidification executor of the heat treatment kiln, and setting the starting and closing set values of the induced draft fan.
Particularly, the conditions of starting and closing of the induced draft fan are set as follows: when the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is lower than 120 ℃, the induced draft fan is closed; when the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is higher than 120 ℃ and the pressure in the kiln is monitored by a pressure sensor to be less than 1atm, the induced draft fan is closed and does not work; gas-phase products generated by heat treatment of the wood in the kiln flow out of the high-temperature heat treatment kiln under the action of pressure in the kiln; when the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is higher than 120 ℃ and the pressure in the heat treatment kiln is monitored by the pressure sensor to be more than 1atm, the induced draft fan is started, the induced draft fan works, the induced draft fan provides gas flow power, and gas-phase products in the kiln are discharged out of the heat treatment kiln.
In particular, the method also comprises the steps of checking the communication condition between the vent valve and the VOC monitor at the top end of the second condensation pipe, and setting the opening and closing conditions of the vent valve.
Particularly, when the VOC monitor at the top of the second condensation pipe detects that the VOC content of the discharged gas reaches the discharge standard, the vent valve is opened, the third pipeline is communicated with the induced draft fan, and the gas discharged from the top of the second condensation pipe is directly discharged through the induced draft fan; and when the VOC content of the exhaust gas does not reach the emission standard, then the vent valve is closed, the third pipeline is disconnected with the draught fan, the exhaust gas from the top of the second condenser pipe flows into the VOC purification system through the fourth pipeline, and the exhaust gas is discharged after the VOC purification treatment.
The emission standard of the VOC content of the gas is determined according to the emission standard of the wood area to be heat-treated.
Wherein the temperature rise rate of the second preheating temperature rise treatment in the step 2) is 20-30 ℃/h, and preferably 25 ℃/h. Preheating and raising the temperature until the temperature in the kiln reaches 170-300 ℃.
Particularly, in the second preheating and temperature rising treatment stage, the induced draft fan, the flow control valve and the two-way air valve are opened or closed according to the conditions, the VOC generated in the second preheating and temperature rising treatment stage of the wood is treated, and the generated moisture is recycled:
A. when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure in the kiln is less than 1atm, the induced draft fan is closed and does not work, and the gas-phase product flows out of the high-temperature heat treatment kiln from a moisture exhaust port of the heat treatment kiln under the action of the pressure in the kiln and enters a condensation system;
B) when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure in the kiln is 1atm, the induced draft fan is started, works, provides gas flow power by the induced draft fan, extracts gas-phase products in the kiln from a moisture exhaust port of the heat treatment kiln, and enters a condensing system;
C) when the liquid level sensor in the water tank detects that the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is lower than 50:100, the flow control valve is opened, the second pipeline is communicated, and condensate in the condensate water tank flows back to the water tank;
D) when the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is more than or equal to 50:100, closing the flow control valve, disconnecting the second pipeline and stopping injecting the condensate into the water tank;
E) when the VOC content in the gas-phase product monitored by a VOC monitor at the top outlet of a second condensation pipe of the condensation system reaches the emission standard, opening a vent valve, and directly discharging the gas-phase product from an induced draft fan;
F) and when the VOC content does not meet the emission standard, closing the vent valve, enabling the gas-phase product to flow to a VOC purification system, performing VOC purification and absorption treatment, and discharging from the induced draft fan after the VOC content meets the emission standard.
Particularly, in the step C), when the water level sensor in the water tank detects that the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is preferably lower than 35:100, and more preferably 20-35:100, the flow control valve is opened, and the condensate in the condensate water tank flows back to the water tank; in step D), when the ratio of the amount of water in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is preferably 50-100:100, more preferably 60-80:100, and even more preferably 60-70: at 100, the flow control valve is closed, and the water tank is stopped from being filled with water.
Particularly, in the process of VOC purification and absorption treatment, the gas-phase product is cooled and condensed again in the process, the formed liquid flows to the filter water tank from a condensate outlet at the bottom of a filler tank of the VOC purification system, and the condensate is purified and collected.
The liquid in the water tank is continuously vaporized in the process of reheating the wood or/and the bamboo, superheated steam is formed with the water discharged by the heat treatment of the wood or/and the bamboo, and the superheated steam, VOC generated by the heat treatment of the wood or/and the bamboo and the original air in the kiln are mixed to form a heating and protecting medium (namely a gas-phase medium) in the heat treatment process. Under the effect of kiln internal pressure or draught fan, gaseous medium flows out from the hydrofuge mouth of heat treatment kiln, via first pipeline, flow in condensation recovery system, gaseous medium cools down in first condenser pipe, the condensate that the condensation formed flows into the condensate tank along first condenser pipe wall, the gaseous product that passes first condenser pipe and condensate tank and is not cooled down completely flows to the second condenser pipe, cooling condensation once more, the condensate that forms flows into the condensate tank, after the condensation cooling of condensing system, the material that liquefaction temperature in the gaseous medium is less than 135 ℃ forms the condensate liquid (the main material that can be condensed in the gaseous product is steam), remain in the condensate tank.
The flow direction of the condensate is controlled by a flow control valve, when the volume of the liquid in the water tank is lower than a water volume opening set value, the flow control valve is automatically opened, the condensate flows into the water tank from the condensate water tank through a second pipeline, the condensate is vaporized again to form a gas-phase product according to the environment in the kiln, the gas-phase product and the original gas in the kiln form a heating and protecting medium together, and the gas flows out of a moisture exhaust port of the heat treatment kiln under the action of the pressure in the kiln or an induced draft fan and enters a.
The uncondensed gas-phase product flows into the second condensation pipe from the bottom of the second condensation pipe fixedly connected to the top of the condensation water tank and flows out of the top of the second condensation pipe, when the uncondensed gas-phase product flows to the vent valve, the VOC content in the gas-phase product is monitored by a VOC monitor at the inlet of the vent valve, and if the VOC content reaches the emission standard, the vent valve is opened, and the uncondensed gas-phase product is directly discharged from the induced draft fan; if the discharge standard is not met, the two-way air valve is closed, the uncondensed gas-phase product flows to the VOC purification system for VOC purification and absorption treatment, and the gas-phase product is discharged from the induced draft fan after reaching the discharge standard; meanwhile, in the process of VOC purification and absorption treatment, the gas-phase medium is cooled and condensed again in the process, the formed liquid flows to the filter water tank from a condensate outlet at the bottom of a filler tank of the VOC purification system, and the condensate is purified and collected.
Wherein, the constant temperature heat treatment temperature in the step 3) is preferably 170-300 ℃; the treatment time is preferably 30-600 min.
Particularly, in the constant temperature heat treatment stage, the induced draft fan, the flow control valve and the two vent valves are opened or closed, the VOC generated in the constant temperature heat treatment stage of the wood is treated, and the generated water is recycled and utilized as the same as the second preheating and temperature rising treatment stage.
The liquid in the water tank is continuously vaporized in the constant temperature heat treatment process of the wood, and gas phase products formed by mixing gas in the kiln and VOC generated in the process of the wood are used as heating and protecting media (namely gas phase media) in the heat treatment process.
Under the action of pressure in the kiln or a draught fan, the gas-phase medium flows into the condensing system and the VOC passes through the system to carry out VOC treatment and moisture recovery on the gas-phase medium, wherein the VOC treatment and the moisture recovery are the same as those in the second preheating and heating treatment stage in the step 2).
Wherein, in the first temperature reduction and humidity adjustment treatment process in the step 4), the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is reduced to 120 ℃.
Particularly, in the first temperature and humidity reducing treatment stage, the induced draft fan, the flow control valve and the two-way vent valve are opened or closed, the VOC generated in the constant temperature heat treatment stage of the wood is treated, and the generated moisture is recycled and utilized as in the second preheating and temperature increasing treatment stage in the step 2).
In the first temperature reduction and humidity adjustment treatment process, the wood is still in a higher temperature environment, a small amount of VOC can be generated, a gas-phase product formed by mixing gas in the kiln and the VOC generated in the wood in the process is used as a heating and protecting medium in the heat treatment process, the gas-phase product flows into the system under the action of the pressure in the kiln or the gas flowing power provided by an induced draft fan, and the treatment process is the same as the second preheating and temperature rise stage.
Wherein, in the step 5), when the temperature in the kiln is lower than 120 ℃, the induced draft fan is closed, even if the pressure in the kiln is lower than 1atm, the induced draft fan is not started, and the wood absorbs moisture to carry out humidity adjustment treatment; the vent valve is closed.
Particularly, when the liquid level sensor in the water tank detects that the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is lower than 50:100, the flow control valve is opened, the second pipeline is communicated, and condensate in the condensate water tank flows back to the water tank; when the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is more than or equal to 50:100, closing the flow control valve, disconnecting the second pipeline and stopping injecting the condensate into the water tank;
when the temperature in the kiln is lower than 120 ℃, the linkage system of the induced draft fan stops working, namely the pressure in the kiln is less than or equal to 1atm, and the induced draft fan is still not started. The wood absorbs water, but trace VOC is still possibly generated according to the tree species, a gas-phase product formed by mixing with water vapor in the kiln is used as a protective medium for heat treatment, when the pressure in the kiln is enough to discharge the gas-phase product out of the kiln body, the gas-phase product flows into the system, the treatment process is the same as the second preheating temperature rise stage except that a draught fan does not work, and when the pressure in the kiln is not enough to discharge the gas-phase product out of the kiln body, the gas-phase product circularly flows under the action of the draught fan in the kiln.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the device and the method for treating VOC and recovering water in the wood heat treatment process, the coordination of a VOC purification and filtration system, a condensation recovery system and a draught fan linkage system is generated and utilized under a high-temperature heat treatment environment according to wood components, so that the tail gas (water vapor + VOC) discharged in the wood heat treatment process is treated in a grading manner, the water vapor is recovered and enters a high-temperature heat treatment kiln for recycling, and the VOC is purified, graded and discharged or recovered, so that the problems of VOC discharge and acidic pungent smell existing in the wood heat treatment process are effectively solved, and the clean and energy-saving production of the wood heat treatment workshop section is further realized.
2. According to the invention, the moisture condensation recovery system is utilized, and the gas-phase product discharged in the heat treatment process is recycled to the greatest extent through the combination of the condensation water tank, the water tank and the flow control valve, so that the condensation reflux is recycled, the supplement of a protective medium can be reduced to the greatest extent, the purpose of energy-saving production is realized, and the moisture can be maintained in the temperature rise and heat preservation stages in the heat treatment process by ensuring the water quantity in the water tank, so that a fire hazard is prevented; and the wood cooling and moisture content recovery device can be used for cooling the wood and recovering the moisture content in the cooling stage and the cooling and moisture conditioning stage.
3. The water tank used in the invention replaces a steam injection device of a traditional high-temperature heat treatment kiln, changes a conventional medium supplement mode by utilizing the characteristic of water-liquid-gas state conversion, and reduces the material waste and potential safety hazard caused by the mechanical steam injection supplement medium (usually water vapor) of the engraving plate.
4. The invention can fully utilize the moisture contained in the wood, collect and reflux the moisture lost by the wood in the high-temperature heat treatment process into the high-temperature heat treatment kiln as the supplement substance of the medium through the moisture condensation recovery system to carry out the gas circulation flow, thereby reducing the consumption of the external substance to the maximum extent.
5. The induced draft fan linkage system ensures that the system operates under low pressure or normal pressure by linking the pressure sensor with the induced draft fan, and can ensure that VOC generated in the whole heat treatment process is fully purified.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a VOC abatement device for use in the heat treatment of wood in accordance with the present invention;
description of the reference numerals
1. A heat treatment kiln; 2. stacking the materials; 3. a water tank; 4. a first condenser pipe; 5. a second condenser pipe; 6. a pressure sensor; 7. a condensed water tank; 8. a filtering water tank; 9. a filling tank; 10. a two-way vent valve; 11. an induced draft fan; 12. an exhaust actuator outlet of the heat treatment kiln; 13. a flow control valve; 14. a first pipeline; 15. a second pipeline; 16. a third pipeline; 17 a fourth line; 18. a seventh pipeline; 19. a fifth pipeline; 20. a waste gas inlet of the packing tank; 21. a waste gas outlet of the packing tank; 22. a condensate outlet of the filler tank; 23. a sixth pipeline.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. These examples are illustrative only and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The VOC treatment and moisture recovery apparatus and method for heat treatment of wood or/and bamboo according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the device for VOC treatment and moisture recovery in the heat treatment of wood according to the present invention comprises a heat treatment kiln 1, a water tank 3 disposed in the heat treatment kiln, a condensing system disposed outside the heat treatment kiln, a VOC purification system, and an induced draft fan 11, wherein the condensing system is connected to the heat treatment kiln through a first pipeline 14; the induced draft fan is connected with the condensing system through a third pipeline 16; the VOC purification system is connected with the condensing system through a fourth pipeline 17 and is connected with the induced draft fan through a fifth pipeline 19.
The heat treatment kiln is used for placing wood to be heat treated and carrying out heat treatment, the outlet 12 (namely an exhaust port) of a dehumidifying actuator at the top of the heat treatment kiln is connected with a condensing system through a first pipeline, and a pressure sensor 6 is arranged at the outlet of the dehumidifying actuator and used for monitoring the pressure in the heat treatment kiln.
The treatment device is also suitable for heat treatment of bamboo, wood and any other fiber materials.
Thermal processing chambers known in the art are suitable for use with the present invention. In the specific embodiment of the invention, the wood heat treatment kiln takes the front-to-back direction as the longitudinal direction, the left-to-right direction as the transverse direction and the top-to-bottom direction as the vertical direction.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the high temperature heat treatment kiln for wood is exemplified by a cylindrical drying chamber, and the heat treatment kiln in the embodiment of the present invention has a cylindrical cross section, and other shapes are applicable to the present invention, for example, a spherical shape, a cubic shape, and the like are applicable to the present invention. The heating and protecting medium is the normal pressure superheated steam as an example, and other gas phase mediums are all suitable for the invention.
The pressure sensor 6 is connected with the induced draft fan in a wired or wireless transmission mode (for example, data line connection or bluetooth wireless transmission connection, in the embodiment of the invention, wireless transmission mode connection) (not shown in the figure) for monitoring the pressure condition in the heat treatment kiln, and controlling the on or off of the induced draft fan according to the pressure condition in the kiln, namely, the pressure sensor is linked with the induced draft fan, so that a gas-phase product in the high-temperature heat treatment process smoothly flows into a condensation system, the high-temperature heat treatment kiln can be ensured to normally operate under the conditions that the pressure in the kiln is at low pressure and normal pressure, and the VOC treatment in the whole high-temperature heat treatment process is realized. The linkage is specifically as follows:
when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the kiln is too low (generally 1atm), the gas-phase product in the kiln cannot flow out or the flow velocity of the gas-phase product flowing out of the moisture exhaust port is too low, namely the gas-phase product in the kiln cannot enter the condensation system under the condition of no external power, the induced draft fan is started to provide power to enable the gas-phase product to flow out of the moisture exhaust port 12 of the heat treatment kiln, and then the gas-phase product flows into the condensation system through the first pipeline 14 to be cooled and condensed, and water vapor in the gas-phase product is condensed to form condensed water, so that the water recycling is; the gas-phase products which are not liquefied and meet the emission standard in the gas-phase products pass through a third pipeline 16 and are discharged by a draught fan; the gas-phase products which are not liquefied and do not reach the emission standard in the gas-phase products enter a VOC purification system through a fourth pipeline 17, the VOC in the gas-phase products is purified and filtered, and the gas-phase products which reach the emission standard are discharged into the atmosphere through a draught fan;
when pressure sensor detects that kiln internal pressure is higher (generally >1atm), when gaseous phase result can flow out the hydrofuge mouth automatically under the condition of no external power promptly, the draught fan was closed, and gaseous phase result relies on kiln internal pressure to flow through condensing system, draught fan or condensing system, VOC clean system, draught fan, carries out VOC and administers and moisture recovery.
Referring to fig. 1, a water tank 3 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the heat treatment kiln, is fixedly installed at the bottom of the heat treatment kiln and is positioned below the material to be treated, and distilled water is placed in the water tank and is used as a supplementary substance for a protective medium in the high-temperature heat treatment process. The length of the water tank is consistent with the longitudinal direction of the heat treatment kiln, the length of the water tank is adaptive to the longitudinal length of the heat treatment kiln, and the width of the water tank is adaptive to the transverse length of the heat treatment kiln, so that water in the water tank is evaporated and uniformly distributed in the heat treatment kiln, and the uniformity of media in the kiln is ensured. The ratio of the volume of the water tank to the volume of the heat treatment kiln is 5:100, usually (5-15):100, preferably (6-10): 100.
A liquid level sensor (not shown) is arranged in the water tank and used for monitoring the position change of the liquid level in the water tank and the change of the water quantity in the water tank. When the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid in the water tank is insufficient, the condensate of the condensing system flows back to the water tank in the heat treatment kiln, and the condensate is vaporized at high temperature and then serves as a heating and protecting medium in the heat treatment kiln, so that the water is recycled. The condensate which flows back to the water tank is the moisture contained in the wood itself during the drying process of the wood.
The condensing system carries out cooling condensation treatment to the gaseous phase result of following the heat treatment kiln outflow to collect the condensate that the condensation formed, including first condenser pipe 4, second condenser pipe 5 and condensate tank 7, first, the vertical top at the condensate tank of second condenser pipe, and with condensate tank's top fixed connection, the inside and the inside condensate tank that are linked together of condenser pipe.
The condensed water tank is a closed water tank and is used for collecting condensed water formed after condensation through the condensation pipe. The ratio of the volume of the condensed water tank to the volume of the water tank is (0.4-1.1): 1, preferably (0.5-0.8): 1.
distilled water can be placed in the condensate water tank in advance, and the amount of the distilled water placed in advance is 0-0.2 times, preferably 0.1 times of the volume of the condensate water tank.
When the liquid amount in the water tank in the heat treatment kiln is insufficient, condensate collected in the condensate water tank flows back to the water tank to serve as a reserved supplementary substance for heating and protecting media in the heat treatment kiln in the heat treatment process to provide moisture for heat treatment, and the condensate is vaporized at high temperature to serve as the heating and protecting media in the heat treatment kiln, so that the moisture is recycled and recycled.
The condensate tank is connected to the water tank via a second line 15 for returning condensate in the condensate tank to the water tank, and a flow control valve 13 is provided on the second line for controlling the amount of condensate that is returned from the condensate tank to the water tank.
The flow control valve is an induction control valve and is connected with the liquid level sensor in the water tank in a wired or wireless transmission mode (such as data line connection or Bluetooth wireless transmission connection), and the flow control valve is intelligently started or closed by comparing the volume value of the liquid in the water tank detected by the sensor with the water quantity value set before the heat treatment is started.
Liquid in the condensate water tank flows back to the water inlet tank for standby, so that the humidity is maintained in the heating and heat preservation stages in the heat treatment process, and a fire disaster is prevented; and in the cooling and cooling humidity-adjusting stages, the cooling and moisture content recovery of the wood are realized.
When the water level sensor in the water tank monitors that the water quantity of the water liquid in the water tank is lower than a water quantity opening set value (the water quantity opening set value is that the water quantity in the water tank is less than or equal to 50% of the volume of the water tank, preferably less than or equal to 35% of the volume of the water tank, and further preferably 20-35%) of the water tank, and opening the flow control valve, communicating the condensation water tank with the water tank, injecting the condensate in the condensation water tank into the water tank through a second pipeline to supplement water in the heat treatment kiln, increasing the water amount in the water tank until the water amount in the water tank is higher than a water amount closing set value (the water amount closing set value is the water amount in the water tank > 50% of the volume of the water tank, usually (50-100)%, preferably (60-80)%, and more preferably (60-70)%), closing the flow control valve, and stopping injecting the water liquid into the water tank.
The first condenser pipe and the second condenser pipe are long pipe type condenser pipes with openings at two ends, are arranged in parallel and are vertically fixed at the top of the condensate water tank 7, and the bottoms of the condenser pipes are communicated with the interior of the condensate water tank.
The top of the first condensation pipe is connected with the outlet 12 of the dehumidifying actuator of the heat treatment kiln through a first pipeline 14 and is used for introducing gas-phase products generated in the heat treatment process of the wood in the heat treatment kiln into a condensation system, and the bottom of the first condensation pipe is fixed on the top of the condensation water tank and extends out of the top of the condensation water tank by 1-4cm, preferably 1-2 cm.
The bottom of the second condensation pipe is fixed on the top of the condensation water tank and is flush with the top of the condensation water tank, or the bottom of the second condensation pipe extends out of the top of the condensation water tank but is not immersed in the condensation water tank.
If the bottom of the first condenser pipe is flush with the top of the condensate tank, the condensate is prone to hanging on the wall, and under the condition that the amount of condensate water is small, the condensate is concentrated on the top of the condensate tank, and the condensate is not collected inside the condensate tank, so that the bottom of the first condenser pipe extends out of the top of the condensate tank by 1-4cm, the condensate is collected at the bottom of the condensate tank, and the condensate can flow back into the water tank.
The top of second condenser pipe is connected with draught fan 11, VOC clean system respectively through third, fourth pipeline 16, 17 to be provided with gaseous VOC monitor (not shown in the figure) in the top exit of second condenser pipe, be used for monitoring after condensing system condensation processing from the VOC content or the concentration in the gaseous product of second condenser pipe top exit exhaust, unite with the breather valve, control the flow direction of the gaseous product behind condensing system.
A third pipeline 16 connecting the second condensation pipe and the induced draft fan is provided with a vent valve 10 for controlling the flow direction of gas products discharged from the condensation system; the second condenser pipe is connected to the VOC purification system via a fourth line 17.
And the open and close of the two-way air valve controls the flow direction of the gas-phase product after passing through the condensing system. The vent valve is connected with a gas VOC monitor arranged at the top outlet of the second condensation pipe through wired or wireless transmission mode connection (such as data line connection or Bluetooth wireless transmission connection). When the VOC content of the gas discharged from the top of the second condenser pipe is measured by a VOC monitor and reaches the emission standard, the vent valve is opened, the third pipeline is communicated with the induced draft fan, and the gas discharged from the top of the second condenser pipe is directly discharged through the induced draft fan; and when the VOC content of the gas of second condenser pipe top combustion gas does not reach emission standard, then the vent valve is closed, and the third pipeline breaks off with the draught fan, flows into VOC clean system from second condenser pipe top combustion gas through the fourth pipeline, carries out VOC purification treatment back, discharges again.
The VOC purification system is used for performing VOC treatment on gas which is discharged from the condensation system and does not reach the VOC emission standard, and the gas after purification treatment is discharged under the action of the induced draft fan.
The VOC purification system comprises a filler tank 9 and a filter water tank 8, and the filler tank and the filter water tank are connected through a seventh pipeline 20. The lower part of the side wall of the filler tank is provided with a waste gas inlet 20, the upper part or the top part of the side wall is provided with a waste gas outlet 21, the bottom part of the side wall is provided with a condensate outlet 22, and the waste gas inlet is connected with the top end of a second condensation pipe of the condensation system through a fourth pipeline 17; the waste gas outlet is connected with a draught fan through a fifth pipeline 19; the condensate outlet is connected to the filtered water tank 8 via a seventh line 18. The liquid formed by condensation in the feed tank flows through the condensate outlet 22 via the seventh line into the filter tank.
The filter tank is further connected to the condensate tank via a sixth line 23, and a valve (not shown) is provided in the sixth line for controlling the transfer of excess condensate from the condensate tank to the filter tank.
The packing tank is a solid VOC adsorption device, and the packing in the packing tank is a solid adsorbent and is used for adsorbing VOC in waste gas flowing through the packing tank; the solid adsorbent filled in the packing tank is a porous solid filler having an ability to adsorb VOC, such as activated carbon, Tenax TA adsorbent, molecular sieve, silica gel, or activated alumina, and in this embodiment, Tenax TA adsorbent is selected as an example for explanation.
Any substance known in the art (solid adsorbent, liquid adsorbent) that can adsorb the acidic gas phase products generated during the high temperature heat treatment of wood or/and bamboo is suitable for use in the present invention.
The filtering water tank of the invention is a liquid VOC absorbing device, a liquid absorbent is placed in the filtering water tank, the liquid absorbent is alkaline liquid, the alkaline liquid is selected from ethylenediamine, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide or sodium sulfite solution and the like, and is used for absorbing acidic substances generated in the high-temperature heat treatment process of wood or/and bamboo components, and the embodiment selects a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass fraction of 10% as an example for explanation.
Gas-phase products which are discharged from the top of the second condensation pipe and do not meet the emission standard flow into the packing tank from a waste gas inlet at the lower part of the side wall of the packing tank through a fourth pipeline, and the gas-phase products pass through solid adsorption substances in the tank in the process of rising from the bottom of the packing tank to a waste gas outlet at the upper part or the top, so that the VOC is adsorbed by the adsorption substances and subjected to VOC purification treatment; the gas-phase product which is absorbed and purified by the packing tank and reaches the emission standard flows into a fifth pipeline connected with a waste gas outlet at the upper part or the top of the side wall of the packing tank from the waste gas outlet, then flows into a draught fan and is discharged into the atmosphere; in the adsorption and purification processes of VOC, condensate formed by cooling and condensation in the gas-phase product flows into the filter water tank through the seventh pipeline through the condensate outlet, and is thoroughly purified and absorbed in the filter water tank.
The filtering water tank of the VOC purification system is connected to the condensing water tank of the condensing system through a sixth pipeline, and a valve (not shown in the figure) is provided on the sixth pipeline connecting the condensing water tank and the filtering water tank, for flowing the excess liquid in the condensing water tank into the filtering water tank. After the high-temperature heat treatment is finished, a sixth water inlet valve (not shown in the figure) is opened, the redundant liquid in the condensed water tank flows into the filter water tank, and the VOC is further purified in the filter water tank.
The filtering water tank and the condensed water tank may not be connected to each other and may be separated from each other, and the filtering water tank and the condensed water tank are connected through a pipeline in the embodiment of the present invention as an example.
The induced draft fan 11 is used for providing power to make gaseous phase product flow out of the heat treatment kiln to guarantee that the device can operate as usual under the state of low pressure and ordinary pressure in the high temperature heat treatment kiln, realize the overall process VOC treatment to high temperature heat treatment. An air inlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the top of a second condenser pipe 5 of the condensing system through a third pipeline 16, and after the air is condensed by the condensing system, the VOC reaches the emission standard, and the gas is directly discharged from the induced draft fan; the gas outlet 21 of the purified gas which is connected with the VOC purification system through the fifth pipeline 19 is directly discharged from the induced draft fan after the gas which reaches the VOC emission standard is treated by the VOC purification system.
The air inlet of the draught fan can be connected with a plurality of passages, the air inlet of the draught fan is connected with two passages, and the third pipeline and the fifth pipeline are connected with the air inlet of the draught fan through a bipartite pipe joint.
And a third pipeline connecting the induced draft fan and the second condenser pipe is provided with a vent valve 10 for controlling the flow direction of gas products discharged from the condensing system.
The working principle of the VOC treatment and water recovery device for wood heat treatment is as follows:
gas-phase products generated by heat treatment of the wood flow out of a moisture exhaust port 12 of a moisture exhaust actuator of the heat treatment kiln 1, flow into a condensation system through a first pipeline 14, the gas-phase products are cooled in a first condensation pipe 4, condensed liquid formed by condensation flows into a condensation water tank 7 along the pipe wall of the first condensation pipe and is stored in the condensation water tank, the gas-phase products which are not condensed and liquefied pass through the first condensation pipe 4, flow out of the condensation system from a second condensation pipe 5 after entering the condensation water tank 7, the gas-phase products are cooled and condensed again in the second condensation pipe, the formed condensed liquid flows back into the condensation water tank 7, and substances with the liquefaction temperature lower than 135 ℃ in the gas-phase products form condensed liquid (the main substances which can be condensed in the gas-phase products are water vapor) after the cooling and condensation of the condensation system, and are left in the condensation;
discharging the unliquefied gas-phase product from the top of the second condensation pipe, and measuring the content or concentration of VOC in the gas-phase product by a VOC monitor positioned at the top of the second condensation pipe; when the VOC content of the gas discharged from the top of the second condensation pipe reaches the emission standard, the vent valve is opened, the third pipeline is communicated with the induced draft fan, and the gas-phase product discharged from the top of the second condensation pipe is directly discharged through the induced draft fan; when the VOC content of the gas-phase product discharged from the top of the second condensation pipe does not reach the discharge standard, the vent valve is closed, the third pipeline is disconnected with the induced draft fan, the gas-phase product which does not reach the discharge standard enters the filling tank 9 from the waste gas inlet 20 at the lower part of the VOC purification tank through the fourth pipeline 17, and in the process that the gas-phase product rises to the waste gas outlet 21 at the upper part from the bottom of the filling tank 9, the gas-phase product passes through the solid adsorption substance in the tank, and the VOC is adsorbed by the adsorption substance to perform VOC purification treatment; the gas-phase product which is absorbed and purified by the packing tank 9 and reaches the emission standard is discharged through a waste gas outlet 21 at the upper part of the packing tank 9, a fifth pipeline 19 and an induced draft fan into the atmosphere; during the purification process, condensate formed by temperature reduction and condensation in the exhaust gas flows into the filter water tank 8 through the condensate outlet 22 through the seventh pipeline 18, and is completely purified and absorbed in the filter water tank 8. After the high-temperature heat treatment is finished, a sixth water inlet valve (not shown in the figure) is opened, and redundant liquid in the condensed water tank 7 flows into the filter water tank 8 and is collected and processed in the filter water tank;
in the heat treatment process, the condensate condensed and liquefied by the first and second condensing pipes of the condensing system flows into and is stored in the condensate water tank 7, when the liquid level sensor in the water tank 3 in the heat treatment kiln detects that the water amount in the water tank is lower than 50% (preferably lower than 35%, further preferably lower than 20%) of the volume of the water tank, the flow control valve 13 on the second pipeline 15 connecting the water tank and the condensate water tank is opened, the condensate water stored in the condensate water tank flows back into the water tank, the water amount in the water tank is increased until the liquid level sensor detects that the water amount in the water tank is higher than 50% (usually 50-100:100, preferably 60-80:100, further preferably 60-70: 100) of the volume of the water tank, the flow control valve is closed, and the injection of the condensate water into the water tank is stopped.
The flow direction of the condensate is controlled by a flow control valve, when the volume of the liquid in the water tank is lower than a set value of water quantity, the flow control valve is automatically opened, the condensate flows back to the water tank from a condensate water tank through a second pipeline, the condensate flowing back to the water tank is vaporized again in the heat treatment kiln to form a gas-phase product, the gas-phase product and the original gas in the kiln form a heating and protecting medium together, the gas-phase product flows out of a moisture exhaust port 12 of the heat treatment kiln under the action of the pressure in the kiln or an induced draft fan, enters a condensation system, is circulated and reciprocated, the moisture lost by the wood is used as the heating and protecting medium in the drying process, the water consumption in the wood heat treatment process is obviously saved, the wood heat treatment cost is reduced, the moisture contained in the wood is fully utilized, the moisture lost by the wood in the high, the consumption of external substances is reduced to the maximum extent; the moisture condensation recovery system is utilized, and the combination of the condensation water tank, the water tank and the flow control valve is utilized to recycle the gas-phase product discharged in the heat treatment process to the maximum extent, so that the gas-phase product is condensed and refluxed for recycling, the supplement of a protective medium can be reduced to the maximum extent, the aim of energy-saving production is fulfilled, and the moisture can be maintained in the temperature rise and heat preservation stages in the heat treatment process by ensuring the water quantity in the water tank, so that a fire hazard is prevented; and the wood cooling and moisture content recovery device can be used for cooling the wood and recovering the moisture content in the cooling stage and the cooling and moisture conditioning stage. Meanwhile, the water tank used in the invention replaces a steam injection device of a traditional high-temperature heat treatment kiln, changes a conventional medium supplement mode by utilizing the characteristic of moisture-liquid-gas state conversion, and reduces the material waste and potential safety hazard caused by the mechanical steam injection supplement medium (usually water vapor) of the engraving plate. The induced draft fan linkage system ensures that the system operates under low pressure or normal pressure by linking the pressure sensor with the induced draft fan, and can ensure that VOC generated in the whole heat treatment process is fully purified.
Example 1
The invention specifically describes the treatment device and the treatment method for VOC treatment and water recovery in the high-temperature heat treatment process of the pine boards.
The high-temperature heat treatment kiln is a cylindrical kiln body, and the cross section area of an inner cavity of the cylindrical kiln body is 5m2Length of 1.5m and capacity of 7.5m3The water tank in the heat treatment kiln is a cuboid (the length is 1.4m, the width is 0.7m, and the height is 0.4 m).
The pile size of pine board is 1.1m × 0.5m × 0.5m (length × width × height), the pile number is 2 piles, the initial water content is 10%, and the basic density is 0.44g/cm3The heat treatment process is that the heat treatment temperature is 170 ℃, the heat treatment time is 1h, and the water content is 3% after the heat treatment is finished. The specific operation steps are as follows:
s1: preheating pretreatment stage:
2 piles of pine wood to be heat-treated after stacking are placed inside a heat treatment kiln body, distilled water is injected into a water tank at the bottom of the heat treatment kiln, and the ratio of the volume of the water tank to the volume of the heat treatment kiln is 5:100 (typically (5-15): 100); the ratio of the water quantity injected into the water tank to the volume of the water tank is 95:100 (usually 15-100: 100), then the heat treatment kiln is closed, and the tightness of a connecting port of the device is checked;
injecting distilled water into a condensed water tank of the condensation system of the invention, wherein the ratio of the injection amount of the distilled water to the volume of the condensed water tank is 5:100 (generally 0-20: 100, preferably 5-10: 100); the ratio of the volume of the condensed water tank to the volume of the water tank is 80:100 (typically 40-110: 100);
checking the communication condition between the flow control valve and a liquid level sensor in the water tank, and setting a set value of the water amount in the water tank for starting and closing the flow control valve, wherein the set value of the water amount in the water tank for starting and closing the flow control valve is that the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is 20:100 (usually lower than 50:100, preferably lower than 35%, and preferably lower than 35%), namely when the liquid level sensor in the water tank detects that the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is 20:100 (usually lower than 50:100, preferably lower than 35%, and further preferably 20-35: 100), the flow control valve is opened, the second pipeline is; the water quantity closing set value of the closing of the flow control valve is that the ratio of the water quantity in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is 60:100 (generally, the ratio of the water quantity in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is more than or equal to 50:100, preferably 50-100:100, preferably 60-80:100, and further preferably 60-70: 100), namely when the liquid level sensor in the water tank detects that the ratio of the water quantity in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is 60:100 (generally 50-100:100, preferably 60-80:100, and further preferably 60-70: 100), the flow control valve is closed, the second pipeline is disconnected, and the condensate is stopped from being injected into the water tank;
checking the communication condition between the vent valve and the VOC monitor at the top end of the second condenser pipe, and setting that when the VOC content of gas discharged from the top of the second condenser pipe reaches the emission standard, the vent valve is opened, and a third pipeline is communicated with an induced draft fan and directly discharged from the gas through the induced draft fan; and when the VOC content of the gas discharged from the top of the second condensation pipe does not reach the discharge standard, the vent valve is closed, the third pipeline is disconnected with the induced draft fan, and the gas flows into the VOC purification system through the fourth pipeline and is discharged after the VOC purification treatment.
The emission standard of the VOC content of the gas is determined according to the emission standard of the pine region to be heat-treated, for example, the emission standard of the VOC content of the heat-treated gas in Hebei province is lower than that of the heat-treated gas in Hebei province60mg/m3。
Checking the communication condition between an induced draft fan and a pressure sensor 6 arranged at the outlet of a moisture exhaust actuator of the heat treatment kiln, and setting the induced draft fan to be closed when the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is lower than 120 ℃; when the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is higher than 120 ℃ and the pressure in the kiln is monitored by a pressure sensor to be more than 1atm, the induced draft fan is closed and does not work, and a gas-phase product generated by the heat treatment of the pine in the kiln flows out of the high-temperature heat treatment kiln under the action of the pressure in the kiln; and when the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is higher than 120 ℃ and the pressure sensor monitors the pressure in the kiln to be 1atm, the induced draft fan is started, the induced draft fan works, the induced draft fan provides gas flow power, and gas-phase products in the kiln are discharged out of the heat treatment kiln.
S2: first preheating and temperature rising treatment:
opening a heater and a circulating fan in a heat treatment kiln, gradually raising the temperature in the kiln from room temperature to 120 ℃ (generally 110-;
the VOC content of the gas-phase product generated by the pine in the first preheating and temperature rising treatment process is less, and is mostly moisture in the pine, the pressure in the kiln is usually 1atm, and the gas-phase product basically cannot flow into the device. The liquid in the water tank is gradually vaporized to form vapor which is mixed with the original air in the kiln and the moisture dried from the pine wood to form a heating and protecting medium in the heat treatment process. This stage: the induced draft fan, the flow control valve and the two vent valves are closed and do not work basically.
S3: second preheating temperature-raising treatment (i.e., reheating treatment stage):
continuing heating, raising the temperature in the heat treatment kiln, continuing raising the temperature of the pine until the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is raised to 170 ℃ (usually 130-; the VOC generated by pine is treated and the water is recycled;
in the first preheating and temperature rising treatment process, liquid in the water tank is continuously vaporized to form superheated steam together with moisture in the pine, and the superheated steam is mixed with VOC generated by heat treatment of the pine and original air in the kiln to form a heating and protecting medium in the heat treatment process, namely a gas-phase product flowing out of the heat treatment kiln;
s3-1) when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure in the kiln is more than 1atm, the induced draft fan is closed and does not work, and the gas-phase product flows out of the high-temperature heat treatment kiln from the moisture exhaust port of the heat treatment kiln under the action of the pressure in the kiln and enters a condensation system;
s3-2) when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure in the kiln is 1atm, starting the induced draft fan, enabling the induced draft fan to work, providing gas flow power by the induced draft fan, pumping out the gas-phase product in the kiln from a moisture exhaust port of the heat treatment kiln, and enabling the gas-phase product to enter a condensing system;
the gas-phase product of the heat treatment kiln flows into a condensing system through a first pipeline, the gas-phase product is cooled in a first condensing pipe, condensate formed by condensation flows into a condensing water tank along the pipe wall of the first condensing pipe, passes through the first condensing pipe, the gas-phase product which is not completely cooled and enters the condensing water tank flows into a second condensing pipe, the temperature is reduced and the condensation is carried out again, the formed condensate flows into the condensing water tank, and after the condensation and the cooling of the condensing system, substances with the liquefaction temperature lower than 135 ℃ in the gas-phase product form condensed liquid (the main substances which can be condensed in the gas-phase product are water vapor) and are left in the condensing water tank.
The uncondensed gas-phase products flow into the second condensation pipe from the bottom of the second condensation pipe fixedly connected to the top of the condensation water tank and flow out from the top of the second condensation pipe; VOC control was performed as follows:
s3-3) when the uncondensed gas-phase product flows to the top of the second condensation pipe, monitoring the VOC content in the gas-phase product by a VOC monitor at an outlet at the top of the second condensation pipe, and when the VOC content reaches the emission standard, opening a vent valve and directly discharging the gas-phase product from an induced draft fan;
s3-4) when the VOC content does not reach the emission standard, closing the two-way vent valve, allowing the gas-phase product to flow to a VOC purification system for VOC purification and absorption treatment, and discharging from the induced draft fan after reaching the emission standard; meanwhile, in the process of VOC purification and absorption treatment, the gas-phase product is cooled and condensed again in the process, the formed liquid flows to the filter water tank from a condensate outlet at the bottom of a filler tank of the VOC purification system, and the condensate is purified and collected.
The VOC emission standard is determined according to the standard of the pine processing area to be processed.
The water generated by the heat treatment is recycled as follows:
s3-5) when the water level sensor detects that the ratio of the amount of water in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is 20:100 (typically below 50:100, preferably below 35:100, more preferably 20 to 35: 100) when the water tank is in a closed state, the first pipeline is communicated with the water tank;
s3-6) when the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is 60:100 (usually, 50:100 or more, preferably 50-100:100, more preferably 50-80:100, and even more preferably 50-60: 100) closing the flow control valve, disconnecting the second pipeline and stopping injecting the condensate into the water tank;
the condensate which flows back to the water tank is vaporized again to form a gas phase product, the gas phase product and the original gas in the kiln form a heating and protecting medium together, the gas flows out of a moisture discharging port of the heat treatment kiln under the action of the pressure in the kiln or a draught fan, and then enters a moisture condensation recovery system again for recycling;
s4: constant temperature heat treatment
When the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is raised to 170 ℃, carrying out constant-temperature heat treatment on the pine for 60min (usually 30-600 min) under the condition of keeping the temperature at 170 ℃; the VOC generated by pine is treated, and the water is recovered;
the gas formed by continuously vaporizing the liquid in the water tank and the VOC generated in the pine wood in the process are mixed to form a gas-phase product which is used as a heating and protecting medium in the heat treatment process, the gas-phase product flows into the device under the action of the pressure in the kiln or the gas flow power provided by the induced draft fan, and the VOC treatment and water recovery process is the same as the second preheating and temperature rising treatment stage.
S4-1) when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure in the kiln is more than 1atm, the induced draft fan is closed and does not work, and the gas-phase product flows out of the high-temperature heat treatment kiln from the moisture exhaust port of the heat treatment kiln under the action of the pressure in the kiln and enters a condensation system;
s4-2) when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure in the kiln is 1atm, starting the induced draft fan, enabling the induced draft fan to work, providing gas flow power by the induced draft fan, pumping out the gas-phase product in the kiln from a moisture exhaust port of the heat treatment kiln, and enabling the gas-phase product to enter a condensing system;
s4-3) when the uncondensed gas-phase product flows to the top of the second condensation pipe, monitoring the VOC content in the gas-phase product by a VOC monitor at an outlet at the top of the second condensation pipe, and when the VOC content reaches the emission standard, opening a vent valve and directly discharging the gas-phase product from an induced draft fan;
s4-4) when the VOC content does not reach the emission standard, closing the two-way vent valve, allowing the gas-phase product to flow to a VOC purification system for VOC purification and absorption treatment, and discharging from the induced draft fan after reaching the emission standard;
in the process of VOC purification and absorption treatment, the gas-phase product is cooled and condensed again in the process, the formed liquid flows to the filter water tank from a condensate outlet at the bottom of a filling tank of the VOC purification system, and the condensate is purified and collected.
S4-5) when the liquid level sensor in the water tank detects that the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is 20:100, the flow control valve is opened, the second pipeline is communicated, and condensate in the condensate water tank flows back to the water tank;
s4-6) when the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is 60:100, closing the flow control valve, disconnecting the second pipeline and stopping injecting the condensate into the water tank;
s5: first cooling and humidifying treatment;
after the constant temperature heat treatment is carried out for 60min, the heater in the heat treatment kiln is closed, and the induced draft fan is closed when the temperature is gradually reduced to 120 ℃ (generally 110-; in the process of reducing the temperature to 120 ℃, the VOC generated by the first temperature reduction and humidity adjustment treatment is treated by opening and closing the induced draft fan, the flow control valve and the two vent valves, and the generated moisture is recycled;
in the first temperature reduction and humidity adjustment treatment process, the temperature in the kiln is higher than 120 ℃ and lower than 170 ℃, the wood still can generate VOC in a higher temperature environment, gas-phase products formed by mixing gas in the kiln and the VOC generated in the wood in the process are used as heating and protecting media in the heat treatment process and flow into the system under the action of the pressure in the kiln or gas flow power provided by an induced draft fan, and the VOC treatment and water recovery process is the same as the second preheating and temperature increase treatment stage.
S6: second temperature and humidity reduction treatment
The temperature in the heat treatment kiln is continuously reduced until the temperature is reduced to be less than or equal to 50 ℃, the induced draft fan is closed, the VOC generated by the second temperature reduction and humidity adjustment treatment is treated through the opening and closing of the flow control valve and the two vent valve, and the generated moisture is recycled;
in the second temperature reduction and humidity adjustment treatment process, in the process of reducing the temperature in the kiln from 120 ℃ to 50 ℃, wood is continuously cooled and absorbs moisture in a gas phase medium in the kiln, the moisture content is adjusted back, liquid in a water tank is vaporized and mixed with gas in the kiln to form a protective medium in the heat treatment process, and the protective medium circularly flows in the kiln under the action of a circulating fan in the kiln or treats VOC and recovers the moisture in the gas phase product when the pressure in the kiln is enough to flow the gas phase product into the device of the invention:
s6-1) when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure in the kiln is 1atm, the gas-phase product circularly flows in the high-temperature heat treatment kiln under the action of a circulating fan in the heat treatment kiln and does not enter a condensing system;
s6-2) when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure in the kiln is more than 1atm, the gas-phase product flows out of the high-temperature heat treatment kiln from a moisture exhaust port of the heat treatment kiln under the action of the pressure in the kiln and enters a condensation system;
s6-3) when the uncondensed gas-phase product flows to the top of the second condensation pipe, monitoring the VOC content in the gas-phase product by a VOC monitor at the outlet of the top of the second condensation pipe, and when the VOC content reaches the emission standard, opening a vent valve, and directly discharging the gas-phase product from an induced draft fan (the induced draft fan is closed, but still can be used as an air outlet);
s6-4) when the VOC content does not reach the emission standard, closing the two-way vent valve, allowing the gas-phase product to flow to a VOC purification system for VOC purification and absorption treatment, and discharging from the induced draft fan after reaching the emission standard; in the process of VOC purification and absorption treatment, the gas-phase product is cooled and condensed again in the process, the formed liquid flows to the filter water tank from a condensate outlet at the bottom of a filling tank of the VOC purification system, and the condensate is purified and collected.
S6-5) when the liquid level sensor in the water tank detects that the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is 20:100, the flow control valve is opened, the second pipeline is communicated, and condensate in the condensate water tank flows back to the water tank;
s6-6) when the ratio of the water amount in the water tank to the volume of the water tank is 60:100, closing the flow control valve, disconnecting the second pipeline and stopping injecting the condensate into the water tank;
and when the temperature in the kiln is reduced and reaches 50 ℃, closing a moisture discharge outlet of the heat treatment kiln, stopping the treatment of VOC and the water recovery, taking out the wood after the heat treatment of the wood is finished, opening a valve on a sixth pipeline, injecting redundant liquid in the condensed water tank into the filter water tank or directly discharging the redundant liquid, and finally cleaning each part of the device for the next reuse.
By using the formula of the invention, the total mass m of waste gas generated by pine in the heat treatment process can be calculatedWaste material：
mWaste material＝10-2×ρ(WFirst stage-WFinal (a Chinese character of 'gan')+5.3)×(mStack·l·b·h·β)＝10-2×0.44×(10-3+5.3)×(2×4×1.2×0.5×0.2×0.457)＝2.57(kg)。
The above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The VOC treatment and moisture recovery device for wood heat treatment is characterized by comprising a heat treatment kiln, a water tank, a condensation system, a VOC purification system and an induced draft fan, wherein the water tank is arranged inside the heat treatment kiln and used for supplementing a protective medium in the high-temperature heat treatment kiln; the condensation system, the VOC purification system and the induced draft fan are arranged outside the heat treatment kiln, one end of the condensation system is connected with a moisture exhaust actuator of the heat treatment kiln through a pipeline, and the other end of the condensation system is respectively connected with the induced draft fan and the VOC purification system through pipelines; the draught fan is connected with the condensing system and the VOC purification system through pipelines respectively.
2. A VOC abatement and moisture recovery apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the condensing system comprises at least one condensing tube and a closed condensate tank, wherein the condensing tube is fixedly connected to a top of the condensate tank, and a bottom of the condensing tube is in communication with an interior of the condensate tank.
3. A VOC treatment and moisture recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the condensing system comprises 2 condensing pipes and 1 closed condensing water tank, wherein the first and second condensing pipes are fixedly disposed on the top of the condensing water tank, the inside of the condensing pipe is communicated with the condensing water tank, and the bottom of the first condensing pipe extends out of the top of the condensing water tank; the bottom of the second condensation pipe is flush with the top of the condensate water tank or extends out of the top of the condensate water tank.
4. A VOC abatement and moisture recovery apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the first condenser tube is connected to a moisture removal actuator outlet of the heat treatment kiln via a first conduit for introducing gas phase products produced during heat treatment of the wood in the heat treatment kiln into the condensing system.
5. A VOC abatement and moisture recovery apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the condensate tank is connected to the water tank via a second conduit for returning condensate collected in the condensate tank after condensation by the condensing system to the water tank.
6. A VOC abatement and moisture recovery apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the top of the second condenser tube is connected to an induced draft fan and a VOC purification system via third and fourth pipes, respectively.
7. A VOC abatement and moisture recovery apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein a vent valve is provided on the third pipeline connecting the second condenser pipe and the induced draft fan, and a gas VOC monitor is provided at the outlet at the top of the second condenser pipe, so as to monitor the VOC content or concentration in the gas phase product discharged from the outlet at the top of the second condenser pipe after condensation treatment by the condensation system, and in combination with the vent valve, control the flow direction of the gas phase product after passing through the condensation system.
8. A VOC abatement and moisture recovery apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the VOC scrubbing system comprises a packed tank and a filtered water tank, wherein a waste gas inlet is provided at a lower portion of a side wall of the packed tank, a waste gas outlet is provided at an upper portion or a top portion of the side wall, a condensate outlet is provided at a bottom portion of the side wall, and the waste gas inlet is connected to the condensing system through a pipeline; the waste gas outlet is connected with a draught fan through a pipeline; the condensate outlet is connected with the filtering water tank through a pipeline.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the induced draft fan is connected to the moisture removal actuator of the heat treatment kiln by a pressure sensor in a wired or wireless transmission manner, and the induced draft fan is linked to provide power to draw out the gaseous products in the heat treatment kiln and allow the gaseous products to flow out of the heat treatment kiln, so as to ensure that the apparatus of the present invention can operate normally in the high temperature heat treatment kiln under low and normal pressure conditions, thereby achieving the whole process of VOC treatment of high temperature heat treatment.
10. A method of VOC abatement and moisture recovery in a wood heat treatment process using a VOC abatement and moisture recovery apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the sequential steps of:
1) first preheating and temperature rising treatment:
starting a heater and a circulating fan in the heat treatment kiln, and carrying out first preheating and temperature-raising treatment on the wood to be treated placed in the heat treatment kiln, wherein the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is raised to 110-;
2) second preheating temperature raising treatment
Continuing heating, continuing heating the wood, and performing second preheating and heating treatment until the temperature in the heat treatment kiln is raised to 130-300 ℃; the VOC generated by the second preheating and temperature rising treatment is treated through the opening and closing of the draught fan, the flow control valve and the two-way air valve, and the generated moisture is recycled;
3) constant temperature heat treatment
When the temperature in the heat treatment kiln reaches 130-;
4) first temperature and humidity reduction treatment
Closing the heater, gradually reducing the temperature in the heat treatment kiln until the temperature is reduced to 110-;
5) second temperature and humidity reduction treatment
And continuously reducing the temperature until the temperature is reduced to be less than or equal to 50 ℃, taking out the wood after the heat treatment of the wood is finished, opening a valve on a sixth pipeline, injecting redundant liquid in the condensed water tank into the filtering water tank or directly discharging the redundant liquid, and finally cleaning all parts of the device for the next reuse.
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Application publication date: 20210618 |