CN112972766B - Silk fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold with high mechanical strength and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silk fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold with high mechanical strength and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a silk fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold with high mechanical strength and a preparation method thereof. The silk fibroin solution and the hydroxyapatite aqueous dispersion are subjected to ultrasonic action to form a mixed solution, and the silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite three-dimensional porous scaffold with high mechanical strength is rapidly and nontoxically prepared by a direct current directional electric field induction method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical materials, in particular to a silk fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold with high mechanical strength and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Bone is the second most commonly transplanted tissue worldwide, at least four million surgeries are performed each year, and bone defects can bring great inconvenience to human body and life. Although bone has a certain ability to regenerate, in most cases, it is still necessary to improve the ability of bone to repair. Clinically, for the treatment of bone defects, autologous bone grafts or allogeneic bones are commonly used, but there are problems of immune resistance, limited sources, and the like. In view of this, research has been made on bone tissue engineering scaffold materials that can mimic the structure and properties of natural bone. In recent years, people pay more and more attention to natural polymers due to better biocompatibility, multiple functionalities and the like, and silk fibroin is proved to have certain bone repair performance as a natural polymer with various advantages of biocompatibility, easiness in processing and molding, lower cost and the like.
Fibroin is a natural polymer material derived from silk, and is increasingly researched and applied in the field of bone tissue engineering. At present, compared with natural bone, the mechanical property and osteogenic property of a porous scaffold prepared from regenerated fibroin are poorer, and hydroxyapatite particles can be added to improve the defect, so that the structure of the natural bone can be more effectively simulated. Hydroxyapatite is a bioactive ceramic with a chemical composition and crystalline structure similar to the main constituent of inorganic substances in the human bone matrix. The previous research shows that the artificially synthesized hydroxyapatite has the same composition and similar structure as the hydroxyapatite in human skeleton, has no adverse reaction when implanted into human body, has good biocompatibility, and simultaneously shows certain osteogenic inductivity and osteoconductivity. Therefore, the scaffold with excellent mechanical property and bone repair property can be prepared by taking silk fibroin as a matrix and doping hydroxyapatite particles.
At present, the fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold is prepared mainly by two methods, namely, directly mechanically mixing fibroin and hydroxyapatite, and then preparing the composite bone scaffold by methods such as particle filtration, foaming, direct freeze drying and the like, and preparing a pure fibroin protein scaffold and introducing the hydroxyapatite by a biomimetic mineralization method. The preparation methods have multiple operation steps, and the obtained composite bone scaffold has poor mechanical properties and is not beneficial to clinical use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold is rapidly and nontoxically prepared by a direct current directional electric field induction method, the preparation period is short, the operation is simple, and the finally obtained scaffold has excellent and adjustable mechanical properties.
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a silk fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold with high mechanical strength, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dispersing hydroxyapatite in water through ultrasonic action, adding a silk fibroin solution into the uniformly dispersed hydroxyapatite aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of silk fibroin to hydroxyapatite of 0.5-5, and uniformly mixing by ultrasonic to obtain a silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite solution;
s2, inserting the two graphite plates into the fibroin/hydroxyapatite solution, respectively connecting the two graphite plates with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a direct-current power supply, performing directional electric field induction on the fibroin/hydroxyapatite solution, enabling nanoparticles formed by self-assembly in the fibroin solution to be aggregated into microparticles near the positive electrode plate, and wrapping hydroxyapatite in the microparticles to obtain the fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite gel;
and S3, precooling the fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite gel, and then freeze-drying to obtain the fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold.
Furthermore, the directional electric field induction effect is to treat for 10-40 min under the voltage of 20-30V.
Further, the concentration of the silk fibroin solution is 5 to 10% by weight.
Further, the fibroin solution is prepared by the following method: degumming silkworm cocoons, washing with water, drying, dissolving in LiBr solution, filtering, dialyzing, and centrifuging to obtain fibroin solution.
Further, the degumming treatment is carried out by setting the silkworm cocoon to 0.1-1% by weight of NaHCO 3 Boiling the solution for 30-60 min.
Furthermore, the concentration of the LiBr solution is 9-10 mol/L.
Furthermore, the precooling is carried out for 10 to 20 hours at the temperature of between 10 ℃ below zero and 30 ℃ below zero.
Further, the freeze drying is to freeze for 1 to 5 hours at the temperature of minus 80 ℃ and then to carry out freeze drying by a freeze dryer.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the silk fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold prepared by the method.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the silk fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold in the preparation of artificial bones.
By the scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages:
the method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, short in preparation period, environment-friendly, safe and pollution-free, and the prepared fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold is excellent in mechanical property and can meet the clinical use requirements.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the technical solutions of the present invention practical in accordance with the contents of the specification, the following description is made with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold prepared under the action of an electric field;
FIG. 2 is an electron microscope image of two composite bone scaffolds;
FIG. 3 is an infrared representation of two composite bone scaffolds;
FIG. 4 is an XRD characterization of two composite bone scaffolds;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the mechanical properties of two composite bone scaffolds;
fig. 6 is a graph comparing the mechanical properties of the electric field composite bone scaffold with a cancellous bone and silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold in the reference.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The method for testing the compression mechanical property of the composite bone scaffold comprises the following steps:
the scaffold was prepared in a cylindrical shape having a size of 10mm (diameter) × 8mm (height) using a teflon mold, and the sample was subjected to a compression mechanical property test using a texture analyzer (TMS-PRO). The test speed was set at 10mm/min, the trigger force was 0.03N, the compression ratio was 80%, and three samples were tested per group.
Example 1:
according to the schematic diagram of fig. 1, a composite bone scaffold is prepared:
1. cutting silkworm cocoon into about 1cm 2 The cocoon sheets of (1) are prepared by weighing a predetermined amount of cocoon sheets and putting the weighed cocoon sheets into a container containing NaHCO in an amount of 0.5% by weight 3 Boiling the solution for 45min, washing the degummed silk with warm deionized water for 4-5 times, drying, dissolving the silk in 9.3mol/L LiBr solution, and dissolving for 1h at 60 ℃. Filtering, dialyzing, and centrifuging to obtain silk fibroin solution with final concentration of about 9 wt%.
2. Fibroin according to mass fraction: hydroxyapatite =10, dispersing hydroxyapatite in certain water, adding fibroin, and mixing the two uniformly by ultrasonic treatment.
3. Under the voltage of 25V, the direct current directional electric field induction treatment of the fibroin/hydroxyapatite solution is carried out (about 20-30 min).
4. Taking out the fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite gel, standing at-20 deg.C overnight, freezing at-80 deg.C for 4 hr, and freeze-drying in a freeze-drying machine.
5. And taking out the freeze-dried scaffold to obtain the composite bone scaffold.
Example 2:
1. cutting silkworm cocoon into about 1cm 2 The cocoon sheets of (1) are prepared by weighing a predetermined amount of cocoon sheets and putting the weighed cocoon sheets into a container containing NaHCO in an amount of 0.5% by weight 3 Boiling the solution for 45min, washing the degummed silk with warm deionized water for 4-5 times, drying, dissolving the silk in 9.3mol/L LiBr solution, and dissolving for 1h at 60 ℃. Filtering, dialyzing, and centrifuging to obtain silk fibroin solution with final concentration of about 9 wt%.
2. Fibroin according to mass fraction: hydroxyapatite =10, dispersing hydroxyapatite in certain water, adding fibroin, and mixing the two uniformly by ultrasonic.
3. Under the voltage of 20V, the direct current directional electric field induction treatment of the fibroin/hydroxyapatite solution is carried out (about 30-40 min).
4. Taking out the fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite gel, standing at-20 deg.C overnight, freezing at-80 deg.C for 4 hr, and freeze-drying in a freeze-drying machine.
5. And taking out the freeze-dried scaffold to obtain the composite bone scaffold.
Example 3:
1. shearing silkworm cocoon into about 1cm 2 The cocoon sheets of (1) are prepared by weighing a predetermined amount of cocoon sheets and putting the weighed cocoon sheets into a container containing NaHCO in an amount of 0.5% by weight 3 Boiling the solution for 45min, washing the degummed silk with warm deionized water for 4-5 times, drying, dissolving the silk in 9.3mol/L LiBr solution, and dissolving for 1h at 60 ℃. Filtering, dialyzing, and centrifuging to obtain silk fibroin solution with final concentration of about 9 wt%.
2. Fibroin according to mass fraction: hydroxyapatite =10, dispersing hydroxyapatite in certain water, adding fibroin, and mixing the two uniformly by ultrasonic.
3. Under the voltage of 30V, the direct current directional electric field induction treatment of the fibroin/hydroxyapatite solution is carried out (about 30-40 min).
4. Taking out the fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite gel, standing at-20 deg.C overnight, freezing at-80 deg.C for 4 hr, and freeze-drying in a freeze-drying machine.
5. And taking out the freeze-dried scaffold to obtain the composite bone scaffold.
Comparative example 1:
1. cutting silkworm cocoon into about 1cm 2 Weighing a certain amount of cocoon sheets, putting into NaHCO containing 0.5% w/v 3 Boiling the solution for 45min, washing the degummed silk with warm deionized water for 4-5 times, drying, dissolving the silk in 9.3mol/L LiBr solution, and dissolving for 1h at 60 ℃. Filtering, dialyzing, and centrifuging to obtain silk fibroin solution with final concentration of about 9 wt%.
2. Fibroin according to mass fraction: hydroxyapatite =10, dispersing hydroxyapatite in a certain butanol solution, mixing by ultrasound, adding dropwise into the fibroin solution, and mixing the solution while adding.
3. And (3) putting the mixed solution at-20 ℃ overnight, freezing at-80 ℃ for 4h, and putting the frozen solution into a freeze dryer for freeze drying.
4. And taking out the freeze-dried scaffold to obtain the composite bone scaffold.
The composite bone scaffolds obtained in example 1 and comparative example 1 were compared in terms of performance, and the results were as follows:
fig. 2 is an electron micrograph of two composite bone scaffolds, showing that: the two kinds of composite bone scaffolds both present porous structures, and the butanol composite bone scaffold has uniform pore diameter and size of 50-100 μm. The aperture of the electric field composite bone scaffold is mostly concentrated in 0-50 μm, and a plurality of macropores with the size of 200-300 μm appear at the same time, so that a multi-stage porous structure is shown.
Fig. 3 is an infrared characterization of two composite bone scaffolds, showing the results: the FTIR absorption peak of butanol composite bone scaffold material amide I mainly appears at 1621cm -1 Here, it is shown that the fibroin protein in the butanol composite bone scaffold material is mainly beta-folded and the electric field is compoundedThe FTIR absorption peak of the bone scaffold material amide I mainly appears at 1637cm -1 Here, it is shown that the silk fibroin in the electric field composite bone scaffold material is mainly random coiled. The two kinds of composite bone supports are all 1030cm -1 ，600cm -1 ，560cm -1 Has an absorption peak, which is related to PO in hydroxyapatite 4 3- The groups are corresponding to each other, which indicates that the hydroxyapatite is successfully compounded in the silk fibroin bracket.
Fig. 4 is an XRD characterization of two composite bone scaffolds, showing that: characteristic peaks appear at 26 degrees, 31.7 degrees, 33 degrees and 34 degrees of the composite bone scaffold prepared by two different methods, and respectively correspond to (002), (211), (300) and (202) crystal faces of hydroxyapatite. The results and infrared show that the silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold is successfully prepared by both methods.
Fig. 5 is a graph comparing the mechanical properties of two composite bone scaffolds, and shows the following results: compared with the butanol composite bone scaffold, the compressive strength of the electric field composite bone scaffold is greatly improved.
Table 1 shows the maximum compressive strength and elastic modulus for two composite bone scaffolds, and the results show: compared with the butanol composite bone scaffold, the maximum compression strength and the elastic modulus of the electric field composite bone scaffold are greatly improved and respectively reach 14 times and 21 times of those of the butanol composite bone scaffold.
TABLE 1
| Sample (I) | Maximum compressive strength (MPa) | Modulus of elasticity (MPa) |
| Butanol composite bone scaffold | 1.75±0.18 | 1.35±0.17 |
| Electric field composite bone support | 24.66±0.88 | 28.91±3.19 |
Fig. 6 is a graph comparing the mechanical properties of electric field composite bone scaffolds with pine bone and some of the silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffolds in the references, and the results show that: the mechanical property of the electric field composite bone scaffold is greatly improved compared with that of most references, and the mechanical property requirement of natural cancellous bone is met, so that the electric field composite bone scaffold can meet the clinical application and is an effective new strategy.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a silk fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold with high mechanical strength is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, dispersing hydroxyapatite in water through ultrasonic action, adding a silk fibroin solution into the uniformly dispersed hydroxyapatite aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of silk fibroin to hydroxyapatite of 0.5-5, and uniformly mixing by ultrasonic to obtain a silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite solution;
s2, inserting the two graphite plates into the fibroin/hydroxyapatite solution, respectively connecting the two graphite plates with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a direct-current power supply, performing directional electric field induction on the fibroin/hydroxyapatite solution to enable nano particles formed by self-assembly in the fibroin solution to be aggregated into micro particles near the positive electrode plate, and wrapping hydroxyapatite in the nano particles to obtain fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite gel;
s3, precooling the fibroin/hydroxyapatite composite gel, and then freeze-drying to obtain the fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold;
the induction effect of the directional electric field is to treat for 10-40 min under the direct current stable voltage of 20-30V; the concentration of the silk fibroin solution is 5-10 wt%; degumming the silkworm cocoons, washing with water, drying, dissolving in LiBr solution, filtering, dialyzing, and centrifuging to obtain silk fibroin solution; said degumming treatment is carried out by placing the silkworm cocoons in a weight ratio of 0.1-1% w/v NaHCO 3 Boiling the solution for 30-60 min; the concentration of the LiBr solution is 9-10 mol/L.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pre-cooling is performed at-10 to-30 ℃ for 10 to 20 hours.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the freeze-drying is freeze-drying with a freeze-dryer after freezing at-80 ℃ for 1-5 hours.
4. The silk fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. Use of the silk fibroin-hydroxyapatite composite bone scaffold of claim 4 for the preparation of artificial bone.
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| CN106866996A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-20 | 武汉纺织大学 | A kind of fast preparation method of silk fibroin matter gel |
| CN107761148A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2018-03-06 | 张贞 | A kind of method that fibroin albumen hydroxyapatite coating layer is prepared in metal surface |
| CN110917400A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-27 | 中山大学 | Nano-hybrid silk fibroin hydrogel and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN107761148A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2018-03-06 | 张贞 | A kind of method that fibroin albumen hydroxyapatite coating layer is prepared in metal surface |
| CN106866996A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-20 | 武汉纺织大学 | A kind of fast preparation method of silk fibroin matter gel |
| CN110917400A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-27 | 中山大学 | Nano-hybrid silk fibroin hydrogel and preparation method and application thereof |
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| "Non-equilibrium silk fibroin adhesives";Tuna Yucel等;《Journal of Structural Biology》;20091221;第170卷;第406-412页 * |
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