CN112964672A - Preparation method and application of molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole. The molecularly imprinted photonic crystal of the invention has different colors in sulfamethoxazole solutions with different concentrations, and the concentration range of sulfamethoxazole can be determined by naked eye observation. And the displacement of the Bragg diffraction peak of the photonic crystal is further measured by using a fiber spectrometer, so that the quantitative analysis of the trace sulfamethoxazole can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antibiotic detection, in particular to a preparation method and application of a molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole.
Background
Antibiotics are a class of antibacterial drugs used to treat or prevent bacterial infections, and their widespread use has played an important driving role in the development of modern medicine and agriculture. However, a large amount of antibiotics enter natural water along with wastewater, agricultural wastes and the like, so that the evolution and the propagation of drug-resistant bacteria are accelerated, the ecological balance is destroyed, and the serious threat to the human health is caused. The currently used antibiotics mainly comprise amides, macrolides, tetracyclines and sulfonamides, wherein sulfamethoxazole is the most used one of sulfonamides, and the sulfamethoxazole is stable in chemical property and not easy to degrade. The problem of sulfamethoxazole pollution already occurs in various water bodies in the nature, so how to realize the rapid and efficient detection of sulfamethoxazole has important significance for controlling antibiotic pollution.
The molecular imprinting preparation technology simulates the recognition mechanism of antigen-antibody, constructs a detection system with specific selective recognition on a specific target molecule, and has the characteristics of structure presettability, specificity, universality and the like. The molecular imprinting photonic crystal serving as a novel chemical sensor has a three-dimensional ordered structure of the photonic crystal, can respond to external stimulation and is shown through the change of color and Bragg diffraction peaks, and meanwhile due to the introduction of the molecular imprinting technology, the molecular imprinting photonic crystal has a specific recognition function aiming at specific target molecules, so that the selectivity of the detector is improved. Therefore, the method has a wide development prospect by utilizing the molecular imprinting photonic crystal technology to construct a visual high-efficiency detection system for sulfamethoxazole in the water body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method and application of a molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a preparation method of a molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving sulfamethoxazole serving as an imprinting molecule, a functional monomer, a cross-linking agent and an initiator in water, introducing nitrogen and maintaining for 10 minutes to obtain a precursor solution, wherein the mass percentages of the sulfamethoxazole, the functional monomer, the cross-linking agent and the initiator are (0.05-0.15)%, (30.00-65.00)%, (0.05-0.20)%, (0.10-0.25)%, and the balance is water;
(2) uniformly depositing polystyrene emulsion microspheres on the surface of a glass slide by using a vertical deposition method, and covering the surface of the glass slide with another clean glass slide to obtain a photonic crystal template;
(3) dripping the precursor liquid on the upper edge of a photonic crystal film carrier glass slide, horizontally placing the photonic crystal film carrier glass slide in a thermostat for reacting for a period of time after the template gap is filled with the precursor liquid, and removing the glass slide to obtain a molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film;
(4) and soaking the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film in the first eluent for a period of time, and soaking the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film in the second eluent to obtain the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal.
The functional monomer is a combination of acrylic acid, acrylamide and 2-vinylpyridine, and the weight percentage of the functional monomer is (25-35)% of acrylic acid, (25-35)% of acrylamide and (35-45)% of 2-vinylpyridine.
The cross-linking agent is N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide.
The initiator is azobisisobutyrimidazoline hydrochloride.
In the step (2), the solid content of the polystyrene emulsion is 1-3%, the particle size is 400-750 nm, and the percentage is mass percentage.
In the step (4), the first eluent is one of toluene, xylene, dichloromethane and chloroform.
In the step (4), the second eluent is a mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid, and the volume ratio of the methanol to the acetic acid is (6: 4) - (8: 2).
In the step (3), the reaction is carried out for 3-8 hours at a constant temperature of 45-60 ℃.
In the step (4), the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film is soaked in the first eluent for 12-24 hours, then soaked in the second eluent, the eluent is replaced every two hours, the process is repeated for 4 times, and finally, the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal is washed by methanol and dried to obtain the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal.
The molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole prepared by the preparation method is applied to water body detection.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the prepared molecularly imprinted gel photonic crystal has an inverse opal structure, large specific surface area, more acting sites with sulfamethoxazole target molecules and strong specific recognition effect.
(2) The prepared molecularly imprinted gel photonic crystal can show obvious color change after being acted with sulfamethoxazole, and the concentration of the sulfamethoxazole in the water body can be determined primarily through visual observation.
(3) The fiber spectrometer is used for measuring the Bragg diffraction peak change of the molecularly imprinted gel photonic crystal, so that accurate quantitative measurement of sulfamethoxazole can be realized, and the detection limit is as low as 1.38 mu M.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Bragg diffraction peak change diagram of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal prepared by the invention after being soaked in sulfamethoxazole aqueous solutions with different concentrations.
FIG. 2 is an optical photograph of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal prepared by the invention after being soaked in sulfamethoxazole aqueous solutions with different concentrations.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the specific embodiments of the present application. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the embodiment of the invention, the preparation method of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal comprises the following steps:
step S1: and (3) dissolving the imprinted molecules, the functional monomer, the cross-linking agent and the initiator in water, introducing nitrogen and maintaining for 10 minutes to obtain the precursor solution.
In the embodiment of the invention, the mass percentages of the imprinting molecules, the functional monomers, the cross-linking agent and the initiator in the precursor liquid are (0.05-0.15)%, (30.00-65.00)%, (0.05-0.20)%, (0.10-0.25)%, and the balance is water.
In the embodiment of the invention, the imprinting molecule is sulfamethoxazole.
In the embodiment of the invention, the functional monomer is a combination of three substances of acrylic acid, acrylamide and 2-vinylpyridine, and the mass percentage of the functional monomer is (25-35)%, and (35-45)%.
In an embodiment of the invention, the cross-linking agent is N, N' -methylenebisacrylamide.
In an embodiment of the invention, the initiator is azobisisobutyrimidazoline hydrochloride.
Step S2: and vertically fixing the glass slide in a beaker containing a certain amount of polystyrene emulsion, standing at a constant temperature to uniformly deposit polystyrene emulsion microspheres on the surface of the glass slide, drying, and covering the surface of the glass slide with another glass slide to obtain the photonic crystal template.
In the embodiment of the invention, the solid content of the polystyrene emulsion is 1-3%, and the particle size is 400-750 nm.
Step S3: and (3) dripping the precursor liquid on the upper edge of a glass slide of the photonic crystal film, horizontally placing the photonic crystal film in a thermostat after the template gap is filled with the precursor liquid and reacting for a period of time, and stripping the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film from the glass slide.
In the embodiment of the invention, the reaction temperature is 45-60 ℃, the reaction time is 3-8 hours, and preferably 50 ℃. .
Step S4: and (3) soaking the photonic crystal film in the eluent 1 for a period of time, soaking in a second eluent, replacing the eluent every two hours, repeating for 4 times, and finally washing with methanol and drying in the air to obtain the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal.
In the embodiment of the invention, the eluent 1 is one of toluene, xylene, dichloromethane and chloroform, the soaking time is 12-24 hours, and dichloromethane is preferred.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the eluent 2 is a mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid, and the volume ratio of methanol to acetic acid is (6: 4) - (8: 2), preferably 7: 3.
the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole prepared by the preparation method is applied to water body detection.
Examples of certain embodiments of the invention are given below, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
1. Preparing precursor solution
0.01g of sulfamethoxazole, 1.35g of acrylic acid, 1.35g of acrylamide, 1.90g of 2-vinylpyridine and 0.01g of N, N' -methylenebisacrylamide are weighed into a 50mL centrifuge tube, 5.4g of distilled water is added, and after complete dissolution, 0.013g of azobisisobutyrimidazoline hydrochloride is added. Nitrogen was passed through the solution for 10 minutes. The prepared precursor solution is placed in a shady and cool place to be stored for later use.
2. Preparation of Photonic Crystal template
Clean slides were first mounted vertically in a 150mL beaker, and 20mL of polystyrene milk with a solids content of 1.5% and a particle size of 725nm was poured slowly along the wall of the beaker. The beaker was then placed in a 43 ℃ thermostatted water bath until the water was completely evaporated and the beaker was then transferred to a 80 ℃ vacuum oven for 1 hour baking. And finally, covering the surface of the photonic crystal with another clean glass slide, and fixing the two glass slides by using an adhesive tape to prepare the photonic crystal template.
3. Polymerization of molecularly imprinted photonic crystals
Dropping 2.0mL of precursor liquid on the upper edge of a slide glass of the photonic crystal template, slightly inclining the slide glass, standing, and allowing the precursor liquid to completely permeate into polystyrene microsphere gaps of the photonic crystal template under the action of capillary force. And after 2 hours, horizontally placing the photonic crystal template in a constant-temperature oven at 50 ℃, taking out after reacting for 4 hours, and slightly stripping the glass slide on the surface of the polymer to obtain the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film.
4. Removal of polystyrene and imprinted molecules
And soaking the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film in dichloromethane for 16 hours, taking out, and washing with methanol for three times. Placing in 8:2(V/V) acetic acid-methanol solution, eluting in a shaker at 25 deg.C and 200r/min, changing eluent every two hours, and repeating for 4 times. And finally, repeatedly washing the sample with methanol, and airing to obtain the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal.
Example 2
1. Preparing precursor solution
0.01g of sulfamethoxazole, 1.50g of acrylic acid, 1.35g of acrylamide, 2.05g of 2-vinylpyridine and 0.02g of N, N' -methylenebisacrylamide are weighed into a 50mL centrifuge tube, 5.1g of distilled water is added, and after complete dissolution, 0.015g of azobisisobutyrimidazoline hydrochloride is added. Nitrogen was passed through the solution for 10 minutes. The prepared precursor solution is placed in a shady and cool place to be stored for later use.
2. Preparation of Photonic Crystal template
First, a clean glass slide was vertically fixed in a 150mL beaker, and then 20mL of a polystyrene emulsion with a solid content of 3% and a particle size of 550nm was slowly poured along the wall of the beaker. The beaker was then placed in a 43 ℃ thermostatted water bath until the water was completely evaporated and the beaker was then transferred to a 80 ℃ vacuum oven for 1 hour baking. And finally, covering the surface of the photonic crystal with another clean glass slide, and fixing the two glass slides by using an adhesive tape to prepare the photonic crystal template.
3. Polymerization of molecularly imprinted photonic crystals
Dropping 2.0mL of precursor liquid on the upper edge of a slide glass of the photonic crystal template, slightly inclining the slide glass, standing, and allowing the precursor liquid to completely permeate into polystyrene microsphere gaps of the photonic crystal template under the action of capillary force. And after 2 hours, horizontally placing the photonic crystal template in a constant-temperature oven at 45 ℃, taking out after 8 hours of reaction, and slightly stripping the glass slide on the surface of the polymer to obtain the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film.
4. Removal of polystyrene and imprinted molecules
And soaking the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film in chloroform for 12 hours, taking out and washing with methanol for three times. Placing in 6:4(V/V) acetic acid-methanol solution, eluting in a shaker at 25 deg.C and 200r/min, changing the eluent every two hours, and repeating for 4 times. And finally, repeatedly washing the sample with methanol, and airing to obtain the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal.
Example 3
1. Preparing precursor solution
0.015g of sulfamethoxazole, 1.45g of acrylic acid, 1.45g of acrylamide, 2.00g of 2-vinylpyridine and 0.02g of N, N' -methylenebisacrylamide are weighed into a 50mL centrifuge tube, 5.1g of distilled water is added, and after complete dissolution, 0.012g of azobisisobutyrimidazoline hydrochloride is added. Nitrogen was passed through the solution for 10 minutes. The prepared precursor solution is placed in a shady and cool place to be stored for later use.
2. Preparation of Photonic Crystal template
First, a clean glass slide was vertically fixed in a 150mL beaker, and then 20mL of a polystyrene emulsion having a solid content of 2% and a particle size of 450nm was slowly poured along the wall of the beaker. The beaker was then placed in a 43 ℃ thermostatted water bath until the water was completely evaporated and the beaker was transferred to a 80 ℃ vacuum oven for 1 hour. And finally, covering the surface of the photonic crystal with another clean glass slide, and fixing the two glass slides by using an adhesive tape to prepare the photonic crystal template.
3. Polymerization of molecularly imprinted photonic crystals
Dropping 2.0mL of precursor liquid on the upper edge of a slide glass of the photonic crystal template, slightly inclining the slide glass, standing, and allowing the precursor liquid to completely permeate into polystyrene microsphere gaps of the photonic crystal template under the action of capillary force. And after 2 hours, horizontally placing the photonic crystal template in a constant-temperature oven at 60 ℃, taking out after reacting for 3 hours, and slightly stripping the glass slide on the surface of the polymer to obtain the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film.
4. Removal of polystyrene and imprinted molecules
And soaking the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film in toluene for 24 hours, taking out the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film, and washing the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film with methanol for three times. Placing in 7:3(V/V) acetic acid-methanol solution, eluting in a shaker at 25 deg.C and 200r/min, changing the eluent every two hours, and repeating for 4 times. And finally, repeatedly washing the sample with methanol, and airing to obtain the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal.
Application example 1
In the present application example, concentrations of 0.0. mu.M, 2.0. mu.M, 4.0. mu.M, 6.0. mu.M, 8.0. mu.M, 10.0. mu.M, 12.0. mu.M, 14.0. mu.M, 16.0. mu.M, 18.0. mu.M, 20.0. mu.M and a pH of 5.00 (Na)2HPO4-CA buffer solution) of sulfamethoxazole. The molecularly imprinted photonic crystal in example 1 was placed in a solution, soaked for 10 minutes, and then tested by a fiber optic spectrometer, and a Bragg diffraction peak pattern was recorded, as shown in fig. 1. Along with the increase of the sulfamethoxazole concentration in the solution, the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal continuously swells, and the Bragg diffraction peak is red-shifted from 585nm to 660 nm. Sulfamethoxazole has good linear relation with red shift wavelength Delta lambda of Bragg diffraction peak in the concentration range of 2.0-8.0 MuM, and the linear fitting equation is that Delta lambda is 6.83c +1.73, and the correlation coefficient R is20.9985, detection limit LOD 1.38 μ M (3 σ/b, N20). The optical photograph of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal after soaking in the sulfamethoxazole solution is shown in fig. 2. With the increase of the sulfamethoxazole concentration in the solution, the molecular imprinting photonic crystal gradually changes from green to red.
Application example 2
In the present application example, sulfamethoxazole solutions at a concentration of 0.0. mu.M, 2.0. mu.M, 4.0. mu.M, 6.0. mu.M, 8.0. mu.M, 10.0. mu.M, 12.0. mu.M, 14.0. mu.M, 16.0. mu.M, 18.0. mu.M, 20.0. mu.M and a pH of 5.00(Na2HPO4-CA buffer solution) were prepared, respectively. The molecularly imprinted photonic crystal in example 3 was placed in a solution, soaked for 10 minutes, and then tested by a fiber optic spectrometer, and a Bragg diffraction peak spectrum was recorded. With the increase of the sulfamethoxazole concentration in the solution, the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal continuously swells, and the Bragg diffraction peak is red-shifted from 625nm to 670 nm. Sulfamethoxazole has good linear relation with red shift wavelength Delta lambda of Bragg diffraction peak in the concentration range of 6.0-16.0 MuM, and the linear fitting equation is that Delta lambda is 7.21c +1.88, and the correlation coefficient R is20.9975, limit of detection LOD 2.47 μ M (3 σ/b, N20). With the increase of the sulfamethoxazole concentration in the solution, the molecule is printedThe trace photonic crystal gradually changes from orange to red.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dissolving sulfamethoxazole serving as an imprinting molecule, a functional monomer, a cross-linking agent and an initiator in water, introducing nitrogen and maintaining for 10 minutes to obtain a precursor solution, wherein the mass percentages of the sulfamethoxazole, the functional monomer, the cross-linking agent and the initiator are (0.05-0.15)%, (30.00-65.00)%, (0.05-0.20)%, (0.10-0.25)%, and the balance is water;
(2) uniformly depositing polystyrene emulsion microspheres on the surface of a glass slide by using a vertical deposition method, and covering the surface of the glass slide with another clean glass slide to obtain a photonic crystal template;
(3) dripping the precursor liquid on the upper edge of a photonic crystal film carrier glass slide, horizontally placing the photonic crystal film carrier glass slide in a thermostat for reacting for a period of time after the template gap is filled with the precursor liquid, and removing the glass slide to obtain a molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film;
(4) and soaking the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film in the first eluent for a period of time, soaking the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film in the second eluent for a period of time, taking out and airing to obtain the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal.
2. The preparation method of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole according to claim 1, wherein the functional monomer is a combination of acrylic acid, acrylamide and 2-vinylpyridine, and the mass percentage of the functional monomer is (25-35)% of acrylic acid, (25-35)% of acrylamide and (35-45)% of 2-vinylpyridine.
3. The preparation method of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole according to claim 1, wherein the cross-linking agent is N, N' -methylenebisacrylamide.
4. The preparation method of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole according to claim 1, wherein the initiator is azobisisobutyrimidazoline hydrochloride.
5. The preparation method of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the polystyrene emulsion has a solid content of 1% to 3%, a particle size of 400nm to 750nm, and the percentage is mass percentage.
6. The method for preparing molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the first eluent is one of toluene, xylene, dichloromethane and chloroform.
7. The preparation method of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the second eluent is a mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid, and the volume ratio of methanol to acetic acid is (6: 4) - (8: 2).
8. The preparation method of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the reaction time is 3-8 hours at constant temperature, and the reaction temperature is 45-60 ℃.
9. The preparation method of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal film is soaked in the first eluent for 12-24 hours, then soaked in the second eluent, the eluent is replaced every two hours, the process is repeated for 4 times, and finally, the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal is obtained by washing with methanol and drying in the air.
10. The application of the molecularly imprinted photonic crystal for detecting sulfamethoxazole prepared by the preparation method of claim 1 in water body detection.
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