CN112961655A - 一种制冷剂 - Google Patents

一种制冷剂 Download PDF

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CN112961655A
CN112961655A CN202110222312.7A CN202110222312A CN112961655A CN 112961655 A CN112961655 A CN 112961655A CN 202110222312 A CN202110222312 A CN 202110222312A CN 112961655 A CN112961655 A CN 112961655A
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refrigerant
difluoroborane
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杨昭
张勇
翟瑞
吕子建
陈裕博
陈思亦
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Tianjin University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/11—Ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
    • C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
    • C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/24—Only one single fluoro component present

Abstract

本发明提供了一种制冷剂，由组份一和组份二组成：所述组份一为二氟硼烷，所述组份二为碳氢化合物、不饱和烯烃、醚类中的一种或多种。本发明所述的制冷剂，GWP值较低，具有一定的环保优势；二氟硼烷的分子中含有两个氟原子，制冷剂不可燃或可燃性较很低，安全性可以得到保证；具有较低的标准沸点；临界温度高，便于用常温的冷却介质进行冷却。

Description

一种制冷剂
技术领域
本发明涉及制冷剂的技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种制冷剂。
背景技术
制冷剂作为蒸汽压缩制冷系统中的“血液”，为我们带来舒适便捷的生活环境。但同时由于氯氟烃、氢氯氟烃和氢氟烃类制冷剂的大量使用，造成了臭氧层破环和温室效应。HCs类制冷剂具有优越的热力学性能和环保性能，但是绝大部分极易燃；HFCs类制冷剂安全稳定，不可燃，性能良好，但有较高的GWP，环保性能不佳；HFOs类制冷剂具有良好的环保性能但具有一定的可燃性。
因此，现有技术中亟需一环保性能优良、循环性能优良的替代制冷剂。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明提供了一种制冷剂。
为实现上述目的，本发明通过下述技术方案予以实现：
一种制冷剂，由组份一和组份二组成：所述组份一为二氟硼烷，所述组份二为碳氢化合物、不饱和烯烃、醚类中的一种或多种。
所述组份二为R290。
所述组份二为R600a。
所述组份二为R1234yf。
所述组份二为R290和R1234yf。
所述组份二为R600a和R1234yf
所述组份二为R32。
所述组份二为二甲醚。
所述组份二为R32和二甲醚。
一种制冷剂，由二氟硼烷组成。
本发明相比现有技术的有益效果是：二氟硼烷的分子式为BF2H，含有两个氟原子，制冷剂不可燃或可燃性较很低，安全性可以得到保证；具有较低的标准沸点；临界温度高，便于用常温的冷却介质进行冷却；制冷剂GWP值较低，具有环保优势，可以尽快替代具较高GWP值制冷剂。
附图说明
图1是实施例1中纯制冷剂的饱和蒸气压曲线。
具体实施方式
下面根据具体实施方式对本发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
一种制冷剂，由二氟硼烷组成。
实施例2
取二氟硼烷和R290在常温下进行物理混合，获得一种制冷剂。
实施例3
取二氟硼烷和R600a在常温下进行物理混合，获得一种制冷剂。
实施例4
取二氟硼烷和R1234yf在常温下进行物理混合，获得一种制冷剂。
实施例5
取二氟硼烷和R32在常温下进行物理混合，获得一种制冷剂。
实施例6
取二氟硼烷和DME(二甲醚)在常温下进行物理混合，获得一种制冷剂。
实施例7
取二氟硼烷、R290和R1234yf在常温下进行物理混合，其中二氟硼烷的摩尔质量百分比为20％、R290的摩尔质量百分比为40％，R1234yf的摩尔质量百分比为40％。
实施例8
取二氟硼烷、R290和R32在常温下进行物理混合，其中二氟硼烷的摩尔质量百分比为30％、R290的摩尔质量百分比为20％，R32的摩尔质量百分比为50％。
实施例9
取二氟硼烷、R290和DME在常温下进行物理混合，其中二氟硼烷的摩尔质量百分比为30％、R290的摩尔质量百分比为35％，DME的摩尔质量百分比为35％。
实施例10
取二氟硼烷、R600a和R1234yf在常温下进行物理混合，其中二氟硼烷的摩尔质量百分比为30％、R600a的摩尔质量百分比为20％，R1234yf的摩尔质量百分比为50％。
实施例11
取二氟硼烷、R600a和R32在常温下进行物理混合，其中二氟硼烷的摩尔质量百分比为20％、R600a的摩尔质量百分比为20％，R32的摩尔质量百分比为60％。
实施例12
取二氟硼烷、R600a和DME在常温下进行物理混合，其中二氟硼烷的摩尔质量百分比为60％、R600a的摩尔质量百分比为25％，DME的摩尔质量百分比为15％。
实施例13
取二氟硼烷、R1234yf和R32在常温下进行物理混合，其中二氟硼烷的摩尔质量百分比为10％、R1234yf的摩尔质量百分比为20％，R32的摩尔质量百分比为70％。
实施例14
取二氟硼烷、R1234yf和DME在常温下进行物理混合，其中二氟硼烷的摩尔质量百分比为45％、R1234yf的摩尔质量百分比为45％，DME的摩尔质量百分比为10％。
实施例15
取二氟硼烷、R32和DME在常温下进行物理混合，其中二氟硼烷的摩尔质量百分比为20％、R32的摩尔质量百分比为60％，DME的摩尔质量百分比为20％。
各个实施例中各组分物质的基本参数见表1。
表1混合制冷剂所含组元的基本参数
(Tb：标准沸点，Tc：临界温度，Pc：临界压力)
Figure BDA0002955438580000031
利用三参数蒸气压关联式对BF2H的蒸气压进行了计算，图1给出了实施例1中纯制冷剂的饱和蒸气压曲线。随着温度的升高，BF2H的饱和压力逐渐增大。
图1实施例1中纯制冷剂的饱和蒸气压曲线
利用COSMO-SAC模型对5个实施例的物性参数进行了计算，研究了定温下(253.15K，263.15K，273.15K，283.15K，293.15K，303.15K)，气液相平衡时的总压力P(MPa)随第一组分(BF2H)的变化。表2，3，4，5，6相应给出了实施例2，3， 4，5，6中系统的总压力。(x表示BF2H在液相的摩尔分数)
表2实施例2气液相平衡时的总压力P(MPa)
Figure BDA0002955438580000042
表3实施例3气液相平衡时的总压力P(MPa)
Figure BDA0002955438580000051
表4实施例4气液相平衡时的总压力P(MPa)
Figure BDA0002955438580000052
表5实施例5气液相平衡时的总压力P(MPa)
Figure BDA0002955438580000061
表6实施例6气液相平衡时的总压力P(MPa)
Figure BDA0002955438580000062
表7实施例7-15气液相平衡时的总压力P(MPa)
实施例 253K 263K 273K 283K 293K 303K
7 0.196 0.282 0.394 0.537 0.715 0.934
8 0.309 0.443 0.618 0.842 1.121 1.463
9 0.186 0.268 0.376 0.514 0.687 0.899
10 0.147 0.215 0.306 0.424 0.572 0.756
11 0.296 0.426 0.597 0.816 1.089 1.427
12 0.150 0.220 0.313 0.433 0.584 0.771
13 0.333 0.480 0.671 0.916 1.223 1.601
14 0.166 0.243 0.344 0.476 0.641 0.846
15 0.306 0.442 0.619 0.846 1.131 1.482
结果表明：1.上述实施例的GWP值均比较低，在环保方面有明显的优势；2.BF2H 与R1234yf、R290在对应温度下的饱和蒸气压差别不大；3.因为BF2H含有两个氟原子，具有一定的阻燃性，所以上述实施例中混合制冷剂的可燃性降低，增加了系统运行及工作环境的安全性。
本发明的制冷剂物系为二氟硼烷的纯制冷剂或含有二氟硼烷的混合制冷剂，其GWP值较低，具有一定的环保优势；二氟硼烷的分子中含有两个氟原子，制冷剂不可燃或可燃性较很低，安全性可以得到保证；具有较低的标准沸点；临界温度高，便于用常温的冷却介质进行冷却。
以上所述的仅是本发明的优选实施方式，但本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种制冷剂，其特征是，由组份一和组份二组成：所述组份一为二氟硼烷，所述组份二为碳氢化合物、不饱和烯烃、醚类中的一种或多种。
2.如权利要求1所述的制冷剂，其特征是，所述组份二为R290。
3.如权利要求1所述的制冷剂，其特征是，所述组份二为R600a。
4.如权利要求1所述的制冷剂，其特征是，所述组份二为R1234yf。
5.如权利要求1所述的制冷剂，其特征是，所述组份二为R290和R1234yf。
6.如权利要求1所述的制冷剂，其特征是，所述组份二为R600a和R1234yf。
7.如权利要求1所述的制冷剂，其特征是，所述组份二为R32。
8.如权利要求1所述的制冷剂，其特征是，所述组份二为二甲醚。
9.如权利要求1所述的制冷剂，其特征是，所述组份二为R32和二甲醚。
10.一种制冷剂，其特征是，由二氟硼烷组成。
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