CN112961456B - Friction regulator composition, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Friction regulator composition, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112961456B CN112961456B CN202110392777.7A CN202110392777A CN112961456B CN 112961456 B CN112961456 B CN 112961456B CN 202110392777 A CN202110392777 A CN 202110392777A CN 112961456 B CN112961456 B CN 112961456B
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- friction
- composition
- tin sulfide
- zinc aluminate
- aluminum fluoride
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- AFNRRBXCCXDRPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Sn]=S AFNRRBXCCXDRPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- -1 zinc aluminate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- SKFYTVYMYJCRET-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium;tetrafluoroalumanuide Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Al+3].[K+] SKFYTVYMYJCRET-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FWPIDFUJEMBDLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(II) chloride dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.Cl[Sn]Cl FWPIDFUJEMBDLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- YUKQRDCYNOVPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioacetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=S YUKQRDCYNOVPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioacetamide Natural products CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 18
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)cyclohexanamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NSC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylideneantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=S YPMOSINXXHVZIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010987 cubic zirconia Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- ALRFTTOJSPMYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin disulfide Chemical compound S=[Sn]=S ALRFTTOJSPMYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/222—Magnesia, i.e. magnesium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3009—Sulfides
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a friction regulator composition, and a preparation method and application thereof. The friction modifier composition includes zinc aluminate, magnesium oxide, aluminum silicate, potassium aluminum fluoride, and tin sulfide. The invention also provides a preparation method of the friction regulator composition and a performance regulator in a basic brake material product of the railway vehicle containing the friction regulator composition. The friction regulator composition provided by the invention does not contain toxic and harmful raw materials, has good heat resistance and the capability of absorbing the temperature of a friction surface in the high-temperature braking process, can integrally improve the thermal decomposition temperature of a friction material, stabilize the friction coefficient of the braking material, weaken the decline of the friction coefficient, reduce the abrasion of a friction pair, prolong the service life and reliability of the friction pair, effectively protect a friction pair part, reduce the harmful heat influence and abnormal abrasion of the friction pair part caused by the braking material, and improve the environmental protection property and the safety to a human body in the braking process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicle braking systems, in particular to a friction regulator composition and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In a braking system of a railway vehicle, a brake shoe or brake pad of a basic brake is mainly used for generating braking force through friction of the brake shoe or brake pad and friction couple, so that the purposes of reducing speed and braking are achieved. The existing brake shoe and brake pad for carrier are essentially multi-element composite materials, generally phenolic resin and rubber are used as adhesives, metal or inorganic fiber is used as reinforcing materials, graphite and metal powder are used as basic friction lubricating materials, and then inorganic compounds, copper, metal sulfides and oxides are used as friction performance regulators, so that the friction coefficient of the brake shoe and brake pad is not declined in the braking process, and the effectiveness of braking is ensured. The existing brake shoe and brake pad inevitably generate abnormal abrasion and harmful heat influence on a coupling part in the braking process due to the factor of a friction performance regulator, and meanwhile, part of the brake shoe and brake pad generate odorous harmful gas in the braking process, thereby seriously influencing the safety reliability, comfort and human safety of a carrying tool.
In the prior art, rubber and resin are mainly used as adhesives, various fibers are used as reinforcing materials, inorganic and metal powder materials are used as friction performance regulators or fillers, and the friction performance regulators mainly adjust friction coefficients and improve friction interface structures, so that friction pairs are protected. When the braking energy is high, the friction performance regulator avoids the great decline of the friction coefficient and does not generate abnormal abrasion and harmful heat influence in the braking process by improving the form, the structure and the heat flow distribution state of a friction interface, thereby protecting and prolonging the service life of the friction pair. The current friction performance regulator mainly adopts metal sulfide and copper alloy compounds, and mainly adopts molybdenum disulfide, antimony sulfide, iron sulfide, copper sulfide and the like. Because the metal sulfur ore is adopted for production, the purity and the impurity of the metal sulfide are more, the sulfide is decomposed and the impurity is oxidized to generate sulfur dioxide in the braking process, and the sulfur dioxide is particularly unfavorable for a railway vehicle running in a closed space, and the comfort and the body health of passengers are seriously influenced. And antimony sulfide is a highly toxic substance, and easily poisons a contacter or exerts an influence on the environment in use. In addition, copper-containing compounds such as copper sulfide also have influence on the environment, and copper elements of brake powder can be gathered in fish bodies through rainwater in the braking process to influence fish reproduction. Therefore, in view of environmental protection, it is highly desirable to develop an inorganic composite environment-friendly friction modifier instead of the above-mentioned friction performance modifier.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a friction modifier composition, a method for preparing the same, and applications thereof. The friction regulator composition has good heat resistance in the high-temperature braking process, can absorb the temperature of a friction surface, reduces the decline of a friction coefficient and the friction wear, and has the characteristics of high performance, environmental protection and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a friction modifier composition comprising, based on 100% by mass of the total friction modifier composition: 5-11% of zinc aluminate, 15-19% of magnesium oxide, 3-7% of aluminum silicate, 18-22% of potassium aluminum fluoride and 45-55% of tin sulfide.
In the above friction modifier composition, the tin sulfide is generally selected to have a layered structure. The number of layers of tin sulfide is generally 3 to 6. In the layered tin sulfide, atoms in a layer are bonded by a chemical bond having a strong bonding force, and atoms in a layer are bonded by a van der waals force having a weak bonding force, and as the number of layers of tin sulfide increases, an interlayer acting force decreases, and a thermal decomposition temperature of tin sulfide decreases accordingly. The decomposition temperature of tin sulfide molecules of a multilayer structure adopted by the invention is generally lower than that of phenolic resin of an adhesive, and before the temperature reaches the decomposition temperature of the phenolic resin, the tin sulfide is decomposed to take away heat, so that the thermal working time of the phenolic resin is prolonged, and the thermal stability is improved; meanwhile, tin sulfide can be used as a vulcanizing agent of the phenolic resin, and the phenolic resin forms a molecular bond with high stability through the vulcanization effect, so that the heat resistance of the phenolic resin is further improved. In addition, the layered tin sulfide also has a lubricating effect, and can reduce the loss of a friction pair and improve a friction interface.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the microstructure of the tin sulfide used is generally orthorhombic crystal, the morphology of the tin sulfide can be scaly, and the purity is more than or equal to 99.5 percent. The tin sulfide can be synthetic tin sulfide prepared by carrying out hydrothermal reaction on stannous chloride dihydrate and thioacetamide, and can also be sheet tin sulfide (generally 3-6 layers) prepared by adopting a thermal evaporation vapor phase chemical deposition method. Wherein, the molar ratio of stannous chloride dihydrate to thioacetamide is generally controlled to be 1:1-1:4, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is generally controlled to be 120-160 ℃, and the time of the hydrothermal reaction is generally controlled to be 12-16 h. Furthermore, from the aspect of the process and balance of the hydrothermal reaction, the molar ratio of stannous chloride dihydrate to thioacetamide in the above-mentioned tin sulfide synthesis reaction is preferably 1:2.5, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is preferably 140 ℃, and the time of the hydrothermal reaction is preferably 16 h.
In the above friction modifier composition, the zinc aluminate is generally of a spinel structure (i.e., an aluminum spinel), and during the frictional heat generation process, the carbon formation rate of the catalytic binder is promoted, the surface heat resistance is provided, and the maximum thermal decomposition temperature of the binder resin is increased. The mesh number of the zinc aluminate is generally 500-800 meshes. In some embodiments, the zinc aluminate may be prepared by a sol-gel method, which may include mixing sodium hydroxide (in the form of a solution), toluene (as a solvent), zinc nitrate, and aluminum nitrate in a molar ratio of 1:6:1:2, continuously stirring the sodium hydroxide and toluene solvent with a stirrer to form an emulsion, heating the emulsion to 60 ℃, adding the zinc nitrate and aluminum nitrate, and standing for 24 hours to gel the metal salt solution; and drying the gel, and keeping the gel at the temperature of 300 ℃ for several hours to obtain the zinc aluminate powder.
In the above friction modifier composition, the aluminum silicate having an ultrafine network structure is generally selected and generally used in the form of powder. The aluminum silicate with the superfine network structure generally has the granularity of more than 2000 meshes, and the microstructure of the aluminum silicate is a honeycomb-shaped highly-crosslinked three-dimensional network structure. The aluminum silicate can improve the heat capacity of the whole composition by utilizing the micro-porous structure of the aluminum silicate, and reduce the friction temperature.
In the friction modifier composition, the magnesium oxide can be used as a phenolic resin curing agent to accelerate the curing of the phenolic resin. The curing of phenolic resins is generally a cross-linking process that changes from thermoplastic to thermoset, in which the phenolic resin cures into an insoluble and infusible network. The magnesium oxide can improve the density and toughness of a network structure in the phenolic resin and improve the heat resistance of the adhesive as a whole. The effective mass content of the magnesium oxide adopted by the invention is generally more than 99%.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the friction modifier composition generally employs a phenolic resin as a binder. In the friction process, the potassium aluminum fluoride can bond the material for adjusting the friction coefficient on the surface of the friction material, so that friction ions have enough bonding strength and can prevent friction particles from falling off. Meanwhile, the potassium aluminum fluoride also has enough toughness to resist friction and mechanical impact, and can rapidly guide out the heat of the friction surface, reduce the temperature of the friction surface and improve the friction process. In the potassium aluminum fluoride, the higher the fluorine content is, the better the thermal conductivity and heat resistance of the potassium aluminum fluoride are. The mass content of fluorine in the potassium aluminum fluoride is generally more than 45%, and the mass content of alumina in the potassium aluminum fluoride is generally more than 12%, based on 100% of the total mass of the potassium aluminum fluoride. The potassium aluminum fluoride is typically high purity alumina synthesized using commercially available production processes.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of one or a combination of two or more of zinc aluminate, aluminum silicate, potassium aluminum fluoride, and tin sulfide may be 500 mesh to 800 mesh; the particle size of the magnesium oxide is generally 200 meshes to 325 meshes.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the composition may comprise, based on 100% of the total mass of the composition: 8% of zinc aluminate, 17% of magnesium oxide, 5% of aluminum silicate, 20% of potassium aluminum fluoride and 50% of tin sulfide.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the friction regulator composition, which comprises the following steps: mixing zinc aluminate, magnesium oxide, aluminum silicate, potassium aluminum fluoride and tin sulfide to form a raw material, and uniformly stirring to obtain the friction regulator composition.
In the preparation method, the stirring speed can be 50-60r/min, and the stirring time can be 25-35 min. The resulting friction modifier composition is typically stored in a sealed package.
In some embodiments, the above preparation method may further comprise an operation of adding a wetting agent to the raw material. The wetting agent can enable the raw materials to be mixed more quickly and uniformly, and the wetting agent can be decomposed and volatilized in the banburying, mixing and hot pressing processes. In some embodiments, the wetting agent may be polyethylene glycol or the like, and the mass ratio of the wetting agent in the raw material may be 5%.
The invention further provides a performance regulator in a basic braking material product of a railway vehicle, which comprises the friction regulator composition. In some specific embodiments, when the friction modifier composition is applied to the adjustment performance of a synthetic friction material, the friction coefficient recession rate, the abrasion loss and the mating part abrasion of the friction material can be remarkably reduced, the service life and the safety reliability of the friction material are improved, and the environmental protection performance and the safety to a human body in the braking process are improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the friction regulator composition provided by the invention can improve the friction interface and reduce the loss of a friction pair by adopting tin sulfide; by adopting zinc aluminate, aluminum silicate and magnesium oxide, the heat resistance of the resin adhesive can be synergistically improved, and the curing degree of the resin is promoted, so that the heat resistance of the resin adhesive is improved; by adopting the zinc aluminate and the magnesium oxide, the heat conduction of the resin adhesive can be synergistically retarded, the vulcanization of the resin adhesive is promoted, and the thermal stability of the resin adhesive is improved; the high-speed friction coefficient of the regulator can be synergistically stabilized by utilizing the characteristic that aluminum silicate and potassium aluminum fluoride have high heat capacity at high temperature. Generally speaking, the friction regulator composition provided by the invention can improve the thermal decomposition temperature of the friction material on the whole, stabilize the friction coefficient of the brake material, weaken the decline of the friction coefficient, reduce the abrasion of the friction pair, prolong the service life and reliability of the friction pair, effectively protect the friction pair, and reduce the harmful thermal influence and abnormal abrasion of the brake material on the friction pair through the synergistic action among the components.
2. Compared with the copper and toxic metal sulfide which are commonly used in the prior art, the tin sulfide adopted by the invention has the advantages of no toxicity, high melting point and decomposition temperature, high purity and no impurity, not only can improve the friction interface, but also can avoid the generation of toxic and harmful gas in the braking process. In addition, other components in the friction regulator composition provided by the invention are all nontoxic alloy powder and metal compounds with high thermal stability, and the friction regulator composition cannot be decomposed to generate toxic and odorous gas in the braking process, so that the friction regulator composition provided by the invention does not contain heavy metal, toxic, harmful, limited and forbidden substances, and can obviously improve the environmental protection property and the safety to human bodies in the braking process.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in order to clearly understand the technical features, objects, and advantages of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the practical scope of the present invention.
In the following examples and comparative examples, the product information of the raw material reagents used is:
in the basic material, the nitrile rubber manufacturer is Lanzhou petrochemical; the promoter CZ, zinc oxide, stearic acid and sulphur were produced by Tianjin Europe chemical industry Co., Ltd, the barium sulfate was produced by Shijiazhuang Xinji chemical industry Co., Ltd, the flake graphite was produced by Datong graphite ore, the inorganic composite fiber was produced by Datong interlinked sphere mineral Co., Ltd, and the model was HQTK-18.
In the friction modifier composition, zinc aluminate (spinel structure, 500 mesh to 800 mesh) was manufactured by Weihai three-friend chemical science and technology Co., Ltd, magnesium oxide, Potassium Aluminum Fluoride (PAF), and tin sulfide (synthetic tin sulfide) were manufactured by Huangshi gold Chaoyang powder Material Co., Ltd, and aluminum silicate was manufactured by Tianjin Tai Lauti technology Co., Ltd.
Wherein, the synthesized tin sulfide is generally layered tin disulfide (SnS) prepared by carrying out hydrothermal reaction on stannous chloride dihydrate and thioacetamide at the molar ratio of 1:1-1:4 at the temperature of 120- 2 ) (ii) a Preferably, the molar ratio of stannous chloride dihydrate to thioacetamide is 1:2.5, the reaction temperature is 140 ℃, and the reaction time is 16 h.
The mixer used to mix the components of the friction modifier composition was a W-200 double cone high speed mixer manufactured by Rondy mechanical Co., Ltd, Jiangsu.
The internal mixer used in the test process is an X (S) -N10 internal mixer produced by Dalian Yunshan machinery company, and the press used for hot press molding is a Nantong giant energy 315 press.
In the following tests on the examples and comparative products, the determination of the respective performance parameters is based on the following national standards:
density test according to GB/T1033.1 determination of the Density of non-foamed plastics part 1: dipping method, hydrometer method and titration method; the compression strength and modulus are tested according to GB/T1041 determination of compression performance of plastics; the impact strength test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1 part 1 of the determination of the impact performance of the plastic simple supported beam: non-instrumented impact testing "; hardness testing part 2 of the plastic hardness test according to GB/T3398.2: rockwell hardness (rockwell hardness); the friction performance test is carried out according to TB/T3196-.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a friction modifier composition, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:
50g of zinc aluminate, 150g of magnesium oxide, 70g of aluminum silicate, 180g of potassium aluminum fluoride and 550g of tin sulfide were put into a mixer and mixed at 60r/min for 35 minutes to obtain a friction modifier composition.
The friction modifier composition of example 1 was tested for its application and performance in synthetic friction materials. And banburying in an internal mixer, sequentially adding 700g of nitrile rubber, 1000g of phenolic resin, 30g of accelerator CZ, 50g of zinc oxide, 50g of stearic acid, 1800g of barium sulfate, 1600g of crystalline flake graphite, 1000g of inorganic composite fiber and 1000g of friction modifier composition according to basic materials, and banburying for 15min at the banburying pressure of 0.8 MPa. Crushing after banburying is finished to obtain a friction material mixture, wherein the crushed particle size is less than 5mm, and hot-press molding is carried out on the friction material mixture at the hot-press temperature of 165 ℃, the hot-press time of 30min and the pressure of 25 MPa. The results of the performance tests are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Example 2
The embodiment provides a friction modifier composition, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:
110g of zinc aluminate, 190g of magnesium oxide, 30g of aluminum silicate, 220g of potassium aluminum fluoride and 450g of tin sulfide were put into a mixer and mixed at 60r/min for 35 minutes to obtain a friction modifier composition.
The friction modifier composition of example 2 was tested for its application and performance in synthetic friction materials. And banburying in an internal mixer, sequentially adding 700g of nitrile rubber, 1000g of phenolic resin, 30g of accelerator CZ, 50g of zinc oxide, 50g of stearic acid, 1800g of barium sulfate, 1600g of crystalline flake graphite, 1000g of inorganic composite fiber and 1000g of friction modifier composition according to basic materials, and banburying for 15min at the banburying pressure of 0.8 MPa. Crushing after banburying to obtain a friction material mixture, wherein the crushed particle size is less than 5mm, and performing hot press molding on the friction material mixture at a hot press temperature of 165 ℃, for 30min and under a pressure of 25 MPa. The results of the performance tests are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Example 3
The embodiment provides a friction modifier composition, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:
80g of zinc aluminate, 170g of magnesium oxide, 50g of aluminum silicate, 200g of potassium aluminum fluoride and 500g of tin sulfide were put into a mixer and mixed at 60r/min for 35 minutes to obtain a friction modifier composition.
The friction modifier composition of example 3 was tested for its application and performance in synthetic friction materials. And banburying in an internal mixer, sequentially adding 700g of nitrile rubber, 1000g of phenolic resin, 30g of accelerator CZ, 50g of zinc oxide, 50g of stearic acid, 1800g of barium sulfate, 1600g of crystalline flake graphite, 1000g of inorganic composite fiber and 1000g of friction modifier composition according to basic materials, and banburying for 15min at the banburying pressure of 0.8 MPa. Crushing after banburying to obtain a friction material mixture, wherein the crushed particle size is less than 5mm, and performing hot press molding on the friction material mixture at a hot press temperature of 165 ℃, for 30min and under a pressure of 25 MPa. The results of the performance tests are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example provides a friction modifier composition, which is prepared by a method comprising:
30g of zinc aluminate, 100g of magnesium oxide, 20g of aluminum silicate, 150g of potassium aluminum fluoride and 700g of tin sulfide were put into a mixer and mixed at 60r/min for 35 minutes to obtain a friction modifier composition.
The friction modifier composition of comparative example 1 was tested for application and performance in synthetic friction materials. And banburying in an internal mixer, sequentially adding 700g of nitrile rubber, 1000g of phenolic resin, 30g of accelerator CZ, 50g of zinc oxide, 50g of stearic acid, 1800g of barium sulfate, 1600g of crystalline flake graphite, 1000g of inorganic composite fiber and 1000g of friction modifier composition according to basic materials, and banburying for 15min at the banburying pressure of 0.8 MPa. Crushing after banburying is finished to obtain a friction material mixture, wherein the crushed particle size is less than 5mm, and hot-press molding is carried out on the friction material mixture at the hot-press temperature of 165 ℃, the hot-press time of 30min and the pressure of 25 MPa. The results of the performance tests are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example provides a friction modifier composition, which is prepared by a method comprising:
130g of zinc aluminate, 240g of magnesium oxide, 80g of aluminum silicate, 250g of potassium aluminum fluoride and 300g of tin sulfide were put into a mixer and mixed at 60r/min for 35 minutes to obtain a friction modifier composition.
The friction modifier composition of comparative example 2 was tested for its application and performance in synthetic friction materials. And banburying in an internal mixer, sequentially adding 700g of nitrile rubber, 1000g of phenolic resin, 30g of accelerator CZ, 50g of zinc oxide, 50g of stearic acid, 1800g of barium sulfate, 1600g of crystalline flake graphite, 1000g of inorganic composite fiber and 1000g of friction modifier composition according to basic materials, and banburying for 15min at the banburying pressure of 0.8 MPa. Crushing after banburying is finished to obtain a friction material mixture, wherein the crushed particle size is less than 5mm, and hot-press molding is carried out on the friction material mixture at the hot-press temperature of 165 ℃, the hot-press time of 30min and the pressure of 25 MPa. The results of the performance tests are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
The friction modifier composition formulations of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 and the performance test results are summarized in Table 6.
TABLE 6
As can be seen from tables 1 to 6, the present invention can effectively reduce the coefficient of friction fading rate, the amount of wear, and the mating wear by controlling the content of tin sulfide within a suitable range, as compared to the addition of too much tin sulfide (70 wt.%) in comparative example 1 and the addition of too little tin sulfide (30 wt.%) in comparative example 2. As can be seen from the results of performance tests in which the friction modifier compositions prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were applied to friction materials, the friction materials comprising the friction modifier compositions of examples 1 to 3 exhibited low coefficient of friction recession rate, low wear loss, and low mating wear while maintaining high mechanical properties (e.g., hardness, impact strength, compressive strength, bending strength, etc.), improved service life and safety reliability of the brake materials, and improved environmental protection and safety to human body during braking.
Test example 1
In this test example, TG (thermogravimetric analysis) tests were carried out on the influence of the amount of zinc aluminate added on the thermal decomposition temperature of the phenolic resins used in examples 1 to 5, and the test results are shown in Table 7. The zinc aluminate content in Table 7 is based on 100 parts of resin.
TABLE 7
| Serial number | Zinc aluminate content/fraction | Maximum thermal decomposition temperature/. degree.C |
| 1 | 0 | 295 |
| 2 | 0.5 | 332 |
| 3 | 1.0 | 345 |
| 4 | 1.5 | 367 |
| 5 | 2.0 | 361 |
As can be seen from table 7, the zinc aluminate with spinel structure adopted in the present invention can significantly improve the heat resistance and thermal stability of the resin, and the lifting amplitude is proportional to the addition amount of the zinc aluminate, which indicates that the zinc aluminate with spinel structure can promote and catalyze the formation of carbon in the binder, provide surface heat resistance, and raise the maximum thermal decomposition temperature of the binder resin in the friction heating process.
Claims (21)
1. A friction modifier composition, wherein the composition comprises, based upon 100% total weight of the friction modifier composition: 5-11% of zinc aluminate, 15-19% of magnesium oxide, 3-7% of aluminum silicate, 18-22% of potassium aluminum fluoride and 45-55% of tin sulfide.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises, based on 100% total mass of the composition: 8% of zinc aluminate, 17% of magnesium oxide, 5% of aluminum silicate, 20% of potassium aluminum fluoride and 50% of tin sulfide.
3. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the zinc aluminate is of spinel structure.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the zinc aluminate is prepared by a sol-gel process.
5. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, in which the aluminium silicate has an ultrafine network structure.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the aluminum silicate has a particle size of 2000 mesh or more.
7. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the potassium aluminum fluoride has a fluorine content of greater than 45% by mass, based on 100% by mass of the total potassium aluminum fluoride.
8. The composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the tin sulfide is a layered tin sulfide.
9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the number of layers of tin sulfide is 3-6, the purity of tin sulfide is not less than 99.5%, and the tin sulfide is orthorhombic.
10. The composition of claim 9, wherein the tin sulfide is produced by thermal evaporation vapor phase chemical deposition or by hydrothermal synthesis.
11. The composition as claimed in claim 10, wherein the tin sulfide is prepared by hydrothermal reaction of stannous chloride dihydrate and thioacetamide at 120-160 ℃ for 12-16 h in a molar ratio of 1:1-1: 4.
12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the stannous chloride dihydrate and thioacetamide are in a molar ratio of 1: 2.5.
13. The composition according to claim 11, wherein the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 140 ℃ and the time of the hydrothermal reaction is 16 h.
14. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of one or a combination of two or more of zinc aluminate, aluminum silicate, potassium aluminum fluoride, and tin sulfide is 500-800 mesh; the particle size of the magnesium oxide is 200 meshes-325 meshes.
15. A method of making a friction modifier composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising:
mixing zinc aluminate, magnesium oxide, aluminum silicate, potassium aluminum fluoride and tin sulfide to form a raw material, and uniformly stirring to obtain the friction regulator composition.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the stirring speed is 50-60 r/min.
17. The production method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the stirring time is 25min to 35 min.
18. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of adding a wetting agent to the feedstock.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the wetting agent comprises polyethylene glycol.
20. The production method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the content of the wetting agent in the raw material is 5% by mass.
21. A performance modifier in a railway vehicle foundation brake material product comprising the friction modifier composition of any one of claims 1 to 14.
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