CN112961421A

CN112961421A - Polymer plastic

Info

Publication number: CN112961421A
Application number: CN202110189286.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈小豪
Original assignee: Xiamen Junzhongsheng New Material Co ltd
Current assignee: Xiamen Junzhongsheng New Material Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-19
Filing date: 2021-02-19
Publication date: 2021-06-15

Abstract

The application provides a preparation method of polymer plastic, and belongs to the field of polymer materials and material processing. According to the high polymer plastic provided by the application, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, glucomannan and polypropylene are used as main base materials, particularly glucomannan is added, so that the degree of crosslinking is increased, the degradability of the material can be improved to a certain extent, and the occurrence of white pollution is reduced through degradation; the working temperature range of the material is improved by using the filler, the plasticizer, the antioxidant, the stabilizer and the like, and the effects of safety, no toxicity and degradability are achieved.

Description

Polymer plastic

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of high polymer materials, in particular to high polymer plastic.

Background

Plastics are widely used materials in the life at present, and bring great convenience for the daily life of people. In the food field, plastics are also commonly used, such as food bags, food plastic boxes and the like.

With the use of plastics, the degradation of plastics and the difficulty thereof lead to more and more plastic wastes and more serious white pollution.

Therefore, there is a need to develop safe degradable plastics.

Content of application

The application discloses polymer plastic, by weight, polymer plastic is prepared by the following raw materials:

75-90 parts of high-density polyethylene, 65-85 parts of low-density polyethylene, 8-15 parts of glucomannan and 18-25 parts of polypropylene; 10-14 parts of filler, 25-45 parts of plasticizer, 3.5-4.2 parts of foaming agent, 1.5-3.9 parts of catalyst, 0.8-1.8 parts of antioxidant and 2.5-3.9 parts of stabilizer.

The polymer plastic is prepared from polymer materials, glucomannan and other materials, can be degraded, and can solve the problem of degradability of the plastic to a certain extent.

Glucomannan belongs to the excellent product of soluble hemicellulose in the seventh human nutrient cellulose. Glucomannan has various unique physical and chemical properties of water solubility, water retention and thickening, stability, suspension, gelation, adhesion, film formation and the like, so that the glucomannan has wide application and development values. The addition of glucomannan can not only improve the film-forming effect, but also promote the degradation of the material to a certain extent.

High-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, glucomannan and polypropylene are used as raw materials, so that the grafting and crosslinking degree is improved, and the performance and strength of the material are improved.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the filler is at least one of glass fiber, diatomaceous earth, or asbestos.

In the examples, the strength and properties of plastics are improved by the addition of fillers such as glass fibres, diatomaceous earth or asbestos.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the ratio of stabilizer to antioxidant is 3: 1-2.

In the embodiment, the proportion of the stabilizer and the antioxidant is controlled, so that the stabilizer and the antioxidant can play a good role, the performance of the material is improved, and the antioxidant performance is improved. By adding the stabilizer, the stability of the plastic performance can be ensured, and the use effect of the material can be ensured.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the ratio of high density polyethylene to plasticizer is 2-3: 1;

preferably, the ratio of high density polyethylene to plasticizer is 4: 1.

High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), as a white powder or granular product. The material is nontoxic and odorless, the crystallinity is 80-90%, the softening point is 125-135 ℃, and the use temperature can reach 100 ℃; the hardness, tensile strength and creep property are better than those of low-density polyethylene; the wear resistance, the electrical insulation, the toughness and the cold resistance are good; the chemical stability is good, and the paint is not dissolved in any organic solvent at room temperature, and is resistant to corrosion of acid, alkali and various salts; the film has small permeability to water vapor and air and low water absorption; the aging resistance is poor, the environmental stress cracking resistance is inferior to that of low density polyethylene, and the performance is reduced by thermal oxidation, so that an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber and the like are added into the resin to overcome the defects.

Plasticizers are additives for polymer materials, which are widely used in industrial production, and are also called plasticizers. Any substance added to a polymeric material that increases the plasticity of the polymer is called a plasticizer. The plasticizer can improve the performance of the high polymer material, reduce the production cost and improve the production benefit.

The addition of the high-density polyethylene and the plasticizer in a proper proportion ensures the use amount of the main components of the material and the stable performance of the material.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the plasticizer is at least one of dioctyl sebacate, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized butyl fatty acid, cold-resistant plasticizer DOA1, and trioctyl trimellitate.

In the examples, the performance of the plastic was improved by adding at least one of dioctyl sebacate, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized fatty acid butyl ester, cold-resistant plasticizer DOA1, trioctyl trimellitate, and the like as a plasticizer.

By using different plasticizers, the applicable temperature range of the material is widened, and the stability of the performance of the material in a certain temperature range is ensured.

Dioctyl sebacate (also known as di-n-octyl sebacate) with molecular formula of C26H50O4, is an ester organic substance, and is mainly used as a low-temperature plasticizer. The cold resistance of plastics is increased so that in many food plastics, many used for preserving foods under refrigeration, the material is required to have the property of maintaining the properties under low temperature conditions.

Epoxidized soybean oil has excellent heat resistance, light resistance and compatibility. It is commonly used as plasticizer for PVC products, especially for PVC transparent products, food packaging products and other non-toxic products.

The use of the nontoxic epoxidized soybean oil can improve the performance and ensure the safety and the innocuity of the material.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the plasticizer comprises dioctyl sebacate, epoxidized soybean oil, and epoxidized butyl fatty acid ester, and the plasticizer is prepared from said dioctyl sebacate, said epoxidized soybean oil, and said epoxidized butyl fatty acid ester in a ratio of 1-2:1: 3.

In the embodiment, the plasticizer is prepared from dioctyl sebacate, epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized butyl fatty acid according to a certain proportion. The performance of the material can be better improved.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the blowing agent is dimethyl sulfoxide and/or dimethyl amide.

The foaming agent used can effectively improve the surface tension, prevent the formation of adhesion and is beneficial to the cleaning of materials.

In some embodiments of the present application, the catalyst is nano-titania.

In the embodiment, the catalyst is used to accelerate the reaction of the material, so that the processing of the material is facilitated, the reaction time is accelerated, and the production period is shortened.

Nanometer titanium dioxide is an inorganic chemical material, commonly called white carbon black. Due to the superfine nanometer grade and the size range of 1-100 nm, the material has a plurality of unique properties, such as optical performance of resisting ultraviolet rays, and can improve the ageing resistance, strength and chemical resistance of other materials. The application is very wide. The nano-scale silicon dioxide is amorphous white powder, is nontoxic, tasteless and pollution-free, and has a spherical microstructure and a flocculent and reticular quasi-particle structure. The plastic can become more compact, and the transparency, the strength, the toughness, the waterproof performance and the ageing resistance of the plastic can be improved after the silicon dioxide is added. The nano silicon dioxide can be used for modifying common plastic polypropylene.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the antioxidant is hydroquinone and/or thiobisphenol.

In the examples, the plastic antioxidant is sensitive to oxidative degradation in most plastic varieties during the manufacturing, processing, storage and application processes, and oxygen permeating into the plastic film can almost react with most polymers to cause degradation or crosslinking, thereby changing the properties of the material. When in use, more than two antioxidants are fully utilized and used, so that the advantages of additive or synergistic effect can be generated to obtain better benefit; therefore, two or more antioxidants are generally used.

Therefore, in this embodiment, hydroquinone and thiobisphenol are preferably used together to enhance the oxidation resistance.

In some of the foregoing embodiments, the stabilizer is at least one of calcium stearate, calcium ricinoleate, zinc stearate, zinc ricinoleate.

In the examples, the material properties are kept stable for a certain time by adding a stabilizer.

In addition, the stabilizer and the glucomannan are added simultaneously, so that the performance is kept stable within a certain time, the performance of the stabilizer is gradually attenuated, and the material can be gradually degraded under the action of the glucomannan and the like. And the environmental pollution is reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application includes: according to the high polymer plastic provided by the application, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, glucomannan and polypropylene are used as main base materials, particularly glucomannan is added, so that the degree of crosslinking is increased, the degradability of the material can be improved to a certain extent, and the occurrence of white pollution is reduced through degradation; the working temperature range of the material is improved by using the filler, the plasticizer, the antioxidant, the stabilizer and the like, and the effects of safety, no toxicity and degradability are achieved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a photograph of a plastic film extruded in example 1 and having a thickness of about 0.1 mm.

FIG. 2 is a photograph of about 6 months of degradation on soil of the extruded plastic film of example 1 having a thickness of about 0.1 mm.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

The features and properties of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to examples.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a polymer plastic, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

75g of high-density polyethylene, 80g of low-density polyethylene, 10g of glucomannan and 20g of polypropylene;

12g of glass fiber is used as a filler;

dioctyl sebacate and epoxy soybean oil are mixed according to the proportion of 1:2 to prepare 25g as a plasticizer;

3.5g of a mixture is prepared by dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl amide according to the ratio of 1:1 and is used as a foaming agent;

1.5g of nano titanium dioxide as a catalyst;

1.3g of hydroquinone as an antioxidant;

calcium stearate, calcium ricinoleate and zinc stearate are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 2: ratio 1 3.9g of a mixture was prepared as stabilizer.

The materials are used for preparing polymer plastics.

Example 2

90g of high-density polyethylene, 85g of low-density polyethylene, 15g of glucomannan and 25g of polypropylene;

mixing glass fiber and diatomite according to the ratio of 3:1 to prepare 14g of mixture as a filler;

45g of epoxidized soybean oil as a plasticizer;

4.2g of dimethyl sulfoxide is taken as a foaming agent;

3.9g of nano titanium dioxide as a catalyst;

hydroquinone and thiobisphenol were prepared in a ratio of 1:1 to give 0.8g of a mixture as antioxidant;

calcium stearate 1.6g was used as a stabilizer.

The materials are used for preparing polymer plastics.

Example 3

85g of high-density polyethylene, 65g of low-density polyethylene, 8g of glucomannan and 18g of polypropylene;

glass fiber, diatomite, asbestos and carbon black are mixed according to the proportion of 1: the ratio of 1:1:1 was prepared to give 10g of the mixture as filler;

dioctyl sebacate, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized fatty acid butyl ester, cold-resistant plasticizer DOA1 and trioctyl trimellitate in a ratio of 1: 2: 34g of a mixture obtained by mixing at a ratio of 1:3:2 was used as a plasticizer;

1.5g of nano titanium dioxide as a catalyst;

1.3g of hydroquinone as an antioxidant;

The materials are used for preparing polymer plastics.

Example 4

80g of high-density polyethylene, 70g of low-density polyethylene, 12g of glucomannan and 22g of polypropylene;

10g of mixture prepared by diatomite, asbestos and carbon black according to the ratio of 2:1:1 is used as a filler;

epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized butyl fatty acid, cold resistant plasticizer DOA1 and trioctyl trimellitate were blended according to a ratio of 2: 35g of a mixture obtained by mixing at a ratio of 1:3:2 was used as a plasticizer;

3.6g of a mixture is prepared by dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl amide according to the ratio of 1:1 and is used as a foaming agent;

2.8g of nano titanium dioxide as a catalyst;

1.2g of a mixture of thiobisphenol and hydroquinone in a ratio of 4:1 was used as an antioxidant;

calcium stearate, calcium ricinoleate and zinc stearate are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 2: 2.2g of a mixture was prepared as a stabilizer.

The materials are used for preparing polymer plastics.

Example 5

88g of high-density polyethylene, 78g of low-density polyethylene, 14g of glucomannan and 24g of polypropylene;

preparing 13g of mixture as a filler by using glass fiber, diatomite, asbestos and carbon black according to the ratio of 2:2:1: 1;

mixing epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized fatty acid butyl ester and trioctyl trimellitate according to the proportion of 1:3:2 to obtain a mixture 38g serving as a plasticizer;

3.8g of a mixture is prepared by dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl amide according to the ratio of 1:5 and is used as a foaming agent;

3.2g of nano titanium dioxide as a catalyst;

1.6g of a mixture of thiobisphenol and hydroquinone in a ratio of 7:1 was used as an antioxidant;

calcium stearate, calcium ricinoleate and zinc stearate are mixed according to the weight ratio of 5: 2: ratio 2 3.4g of a mixture was prepared as a stabilizer.

The materials are used for preparing polymer plastics.

Referring to FIGS. 1-2, FIGS. 1-2 are photographs of the plastic film prepared in example 1 and having a thickness of about 0.1mm, which was degraded on soil for about 6 months, respectively. It can be seen from the photographs that it degrades into tiny plastic flakes after about 6 months of natural degradation.

The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The polymer plastic is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

2. The polymeric plastic according to claim 1, wherein the filler is at least one of glass fiber, diatomaceous earth, or asbestos.

3. The polymeric plastic of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the stabilizer to the antioxidant is 3: 1-2.

4. The polymer plastic according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the high-density polyethylene to the plasticizer is 2-3: 1;

preferably, the ratio of the high density polyethylene to the plasticizer is 3: 1.

5. The high polymer plastic according to claim 1, wherein the plasticizer is at least one of dioctyl sebacate, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized fatty acid butyl ester, cold-resistant plasticizer DOA1 and trioctyl trimellitate.

6. The high polymer plastic of claim 5, wherein the plasticizer comprises dioctyl sebacate, epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized butyl fatty acid ester, and the plasticizer is prepared from the dioctyl sebacate, the epoxidized soybean oil and the epoxidized butyl fatty acid ester according to the ratio of 1-2:1: 3.

7. A polymeric plastic according to claim 1, wherein the blowing agent is dimethyl sulfoxide and/or dimethyl amide.

8. The polymer plastic of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is nano titanium dioxide.

9. A polymeric plastic according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is hydroquinone and/or thiobisphenol.

10. The polymer plastic according to claim 1, wherein the stabilizer is at least one of calcium stearate, calcium ricinoleate, zinc stearate, and zinc ricinoleate.