CN112957022A - Fast self-adaptive acquisition device and acquisition method for PPG (photoplethysmography) signals - Google Patents
Fast self-adaptive acquisition device and acquisition method for PPG (photoplethysmography) signals Download PDFInfo
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- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02416—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7225—Details of analog processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation
Abstract
The invention discloses a fast self-adaptive acquisition device and an acquisition method for PPG signals, wherein the device consists of two pulse wave measurement modules, a pulse wave detection processor, a storage module, a communication module and a pulse wave display module; the method mainly comprises the five steps of configuring a PPG signal fast self-adaptive acquisition device, carrying out primary processing on two pairs of acquired PPG signals, carrying out feature point detection on the PPG signals, carrying out feature parameter extraction on the PPG signals, and judging a higher-quality section of two sections of PPG signals with the same wavelength by using the feature parameters. The invention creatively introduces characteristic parameters to measure the regularity and the degree of the PPG signal, realizes accurate description of the quality of the PPG signal, and overcomes the signal quality deviation caused by individual difference of the tested crowd.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a signal acquisition device and an acquisition method, in particular to a quick self-adaptive acquisition device for PPG signals and an acquisition method applying the device, and relates to the field of medical signal processing.
Background
Signal feature extraction refers to a process of analyzing relevant feature information of a signal and further extracting signals which can be effectively distinguished and identified, and is widely applied to almost all fields related to digital information processing, such as image identification, noise processing, fault detection, medical diagnosis and the like. It can be said that, the signal feature extraction is the basis and key of the digital information processing technology, and whether the extracted signal features are accurate and perfect will directly affect the recognition effect of the whole system. However, because the actually existing signals have strong complexity and irregularity, how to effectively extract the signal features has been a major research point and difficulty in the industry. To date, there are various ways and algorithms for extracting signal features, but the following two disadvantages basically exist: firstly, it is difficult to accurately describe the nonlinearity of the system and the non-stationary characteristics of the signal; and secondly, the problem of quantitative evaluation of signal characteristics is difficult to solve.
PPG (Photoplethysmography) signals are the subject of intense research in the field of medical signal processing in recent years, and have been widely used for the measurement of various physiological parameters, such as heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, etc. But again the accuracy of these parameter measurements is completely dependent on the quality of the acquired signal. In an actual scene, the PPG signal is often interfered by factors such as background light and motion, and when the interference is very serious, it is difficult to obtain a usable PPG signal by a conventional filtering method. Clearly, if such low quality PPG signals are used to continue to measure various physiological parameters, the accuracy of the measurement results will be compromised.
In addition, in the case of the acquisition process of the PPG signal, the quality of the obtained signal may also vary due to the individual differences of the detected population. In summary, if a brand-new acquisition apparatus and method for PPG signals can be provided to solve the above problems, and a better quality PPG signal can be obtained, it is necessary to provide great help for the subsequent development of the medical signal processing field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a fast adaptive acquisition apparatus for PPG signals and an acquisition method using the same, which are described below.
A PPG signal fast adaptive acquisition device comprises:
the two pulse wave measurement modules are respectively arranged at different parts to be measured on the body of a person to be measured, and are used for sampling and preprocessing PPG signals of the parts to be measured and uploading the two pairs of obtained PPG signals;
the input end of the pulse wave detection processor is respectively and electrically connected with the output ends of the two pulse wave measurement modules, and the pulse wave detection processor is used for receiving PPG signals from the two pulse wave measurement modules, extracting characteristic parameters of the two pairs of PPG signals and preferentially selecting the PPG signal with better quality to output;
the input end of the storage module is electrically connected with the output end of the pulse wave detection processor and is used for receiving and storing the output of the pulse wave detection processor;
the input end of the communication module is electrically connected with the output end of the pulse wave detection processor and is used for receiving and forwarding the output of the pulse wave detection processor;
and the input end of the pulse wave display module is electrically connected with the output end of the communication module and is used for receiving and displaying the output of the pulse wave detection processor.
Preferably, the two pulse wave measurement modules are identical in structure and each comprise:
the dual-band transmitter submodule comprises a 660nm red light emitting device and a 905nm infrared light emitting device and is used for acquiring and transmitting PPG signals of a part to be detected on the body of a person to be detected;
the input end of the signal receiving submodule is electrically connected with the output end of the dual-band transmitter submodule and is used for receiving and forwarding a PPG signal of a part to be detected;
pulse ripples preliminary treatment submodule piece, the input with the output electric connection of signal reception submodule piece, the output is as pulse ripples measurement module's output, with pulse ripples detects the input electric connection of treater for on being surveyed personnel's health, the PPG signal of being surveyed the position carries out the amplification and filters and AD conversion, and with the PPG signal that obtains upload to in the pulse ripples detects the treater.
A PPG signal fast adaptive acquisition method utilizes the PPG signal fast adaptive acquisition device, and comprises the following steps:
s1, configuring the fast self-adaptive PPG signal acquisition device, respectively arranging two pulse wave measurement modules on different parts to be measured on the body of a person to be measured, and enabling the pulse wave measurement modules to be in contact with the skin of the parts to be measured so as to finish acquisition of the PPG signal of the parts to be measured;
s2, simultaneously carrying out primary processing on the two collected PPG signals by adopting a time window with a fixed length;
s3, feature point detection is carried out on the PPG signals of the two detected parts corresponding to the same wavelength;
s4, extracting characteristic parameters of the PPG signals of the two detected parts corresponding to the same wavelength;
and S5, judging one section with higher quality in the two sections of PPG signals with the same wavelength by using the characteristic parameters, and further obtaining the two sections of PPG signals with higher quality corresponding to the same wavelength.
Preferably, S2 includes the steps of:
and simultaneously extracting windows with 6 sampling frequency lengths from PPG signals of two detected parts corresponding to the same wavelength by adopting a time window with a fixed length, wherein the time window is not less than 8 complete cycles.
Preferably, S3 includes the steps of:
detecting characteristic points by adopting a sliding window, wherein the length of the sliding window is 3/4 sampling frequencies and a threshold value method and a sliding window method;
selecting the center point of the sliding window as a reference point, executing a judging process, wherein the judging process comprises the following steps of,
if the amplitudes of the left side and the right side of the reference point are smaller than the amplitude of the reference point, the reference point is judged to be corresponding to a main wave peak; if the amplitudes of the left side and the right side of the reference point are larger than the amplitude of the reference point, the reference point is judged to be corresponding to a main wave trough; if the conditions are not met, sliding the window rightwards, and repeating the judgment process;
finally, the wave crest and the wave trough of the pulse wave main wave in 8 complete periods are obtained.
Preferably, S4 includes the steps of:
and calculating the standard deviation of the difference value between the wave crest and the wave trough of the pulse wave main wave in 8 complete periods, and taking the calculation result as a characteristic parameter.
Preferably, S5 includes the steps of:
and judging a section with higher quality in two sections of PPG signals with the same wavelength by using the characteristic parameters, wherein the judgment standard is that a section of PPG signal with smaller characteristic parameters is higher in quality compared with a section of PPG signal with larger characteristic parameters, and finally, respectively obtaining two sections of PPG signals with higher quality corresponding to the same wavelength.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides a fast self-adaptive acquisition device for PPG signals and an acquisition method applying the device, which creatively introduces characteristic parameters to measure the regularity and the degree of the PPG signals and realizes accurate description of the quality of the PPG signals. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a mode of respectively placing the two groups of pulse wave acquisition modules at different parts of the tested person and preferentially selecting the PPG signal with better quality, thereby furthest overcoming the signal quality deviation caused by the individual difference of the tested person, ensuring that the PPG signal after being preferentially selected has more excellent performance when extracting the physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, respiratory frequency and the like, and ensuring that the subsequent measurement result is more accurate.
In addition, the method can also be used as a basis of technical ideas, and provides specific reference values and deployment meanings for designing medical signal acquisition and processing schemes in the future.
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings to make the technical solutions of the present invention easier to understand and master.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the hardware configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparative results of the experiment according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a quick self-adaptive acquisition device for PPG signals and an acquisition method using the same, and the specific scheme is as follows.
As shown in fig. 1, a fast adaptive PPG signal acquisition apparatus includes:
the two pulse wave measurement modules are respectively arranged at different parts to be measured on the body of a person to be measured, and are used for sampling and preprocessing PPG signals of the parts to be measured and uploading the two pairs of obtained PPG signals;
the input end of the pulse wave detection processor is respectively and electrically connected with the output ends of the two pulse wave measurement modules, and the pulse wave detection processor is used for receiving PPG signals from the two pulse wave measurement modules, extracting characteristic parameters of the two pairs of PPG signals and preferentially selecting the PPG signal with better quality to output;
the input end of the storage module is electrically connected with the output end of the pulse wave detection processor and is used for receiving and storing the output of the pulse wave detection processor;
the input end of the communication module is electrically connected with the output end of the pulse wave detection processor and is used for receiving and forwarding the output of the pulse wave detection processor;
and the input end of the pulse wave display module is electrically connected with the output end of the communication module and is used for receiving and displaying the output of the pulse wave detection processor.
Further, the two pulse wave measurement modules have the same structure, and each pulse wave measurement module comprises:
the dual-band transmitter submodule specifically comprises a 660nm red light emitting device and a 905nm infrared light emitting device and is used for acquiring and transmitting PPG signals of a part to be detected on the body of a person to be detected;
the input end of the signal receiving submodule is electrically connected with the output end of the dual-band transmitter submodule and is used for receiving and forwarding a PPG signal of a part to be detected;
pulse ripples preliminary treatment submodule piece, the input with the output electric connection of signal reception submodule piece, the output is as pulse ripples measurement module's output, with pulse ripples detects the input electric connection of treater for on being surveyed personnel's health, the PPG signal of being surveyed the position carries out the amplification and filters and AD conversion, and with the PPG signal that obtains upload to in the pulse ripples detects the treater.
When the pulse wave detection processor is actually used, the two identical pulse wave measurement modules simultaneously acquire PPG signals at different detected parts of a detected person, and the signals are processed by the pulse wave detection processor after amplification filtering and AD conversion.
As shown in fig. 2, a method for fast and adaptively acquiring a PPG signal, which uses the aforementioned apparatus for fast and adaptively acquiring a PPG signal, includes the following steps:
s1, configuring the fast self-adaptive PPG signal acquisition device, respectively arranging two pulse wave measurement modules on different parts to be measured on the body of a person to be measured, and enabling the pulse wave measurement modules to be in contact with the skin of the parts to be measured so as to finish acquisition of the PPG signal of the parts to be measured;
s2, simultaneously carrying out primary processing on the two collected PPG signals by adopting a time window with a fixed length;
s3, feature point detection is carried out on the PPG signals of the two detected parts corresponding to the same wavelength;
s4, extracting characteristic parameters of the PPG signals of the two detected parts corresponding to the same wavelength;
and S5, judging one section with higher quality in the two sections of PPG signals with the same wavelength by using the characteristic parameters, and further obtaining the two sections of PPG signals with higher quality corresponding to the same wavelength (red light and infrared light).
Further, S2 includes the following steps:
and simultaneously extracting windows with 6 sampling frequency lengths from PPG signals of two detected parts corresponding to the same wavelength by adopting a time window with a fixed length, wherein the time window is not less than 8 complete cycles.
The values of the time window and the window body can be determined through actual conditions, test operation and experience values, and the assignment of the scheme belongs to a common optimal scheme with a good processing effect.
Further, S3 includes the following steps:
adopting a sliding window, wherein the length of the sliding window is 3/4 sampling frequencies, 3/4 sampling frequencies cover about one period, the value of the sliding window is about 0.75s per beat according to a reference human body pulse wave, and then, utilizing a threshold value method and a sliding window method to detect characteristic points, namely:
selecting the center point of the sliding window as a reference point, executing a judging process, wherein the judging process comprises the following steps,
if the amplitudes of the left side and the right side of the reference point are smaller than the amplitude of the reference point, the reference point is judged to be corresponding to a main wave peak; if the amplitudes of the left side and the right side of the reference point are larger than the amplitude of the reference point, the reference point is judged to be corresponding to a main wave trough; if the conditions are not met, sliding the window rightwards, and repeating the judgment process;
finally, the wave crest and the wave trough of the pulse wave main wave in 8 complete periods are obtained.
The following is an auxiliary explanation of the above determination process using a formula.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
as the magnitude of the reference point, the amplitude of the reference point,
is the amplitude of the left side of the reference point,
，
the amplitude to the right of the reference point,
，
namely the reference point, the reference point is,
is the small window length. The reference point is the main wave peak as long as the above equation is satisfied.
In the same way
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
as the magnitude of the reference point, the amplitude of the reference point,
is the amplitude of the left side of the reference point,
，
the amplitude to the right of the reference point,
，
namely the reference point, the reference point is,
is the small window length. As long asThe reference point is the desired trough when the above equation is satisfied.
And performing first-order differentiation on the preprocessed pulse wave signal, analyzing the first-order differential signal to know that the peak starting point corresponds to the vicinity of the first zero crossing point before the first-order differential position of the main peak point, and accurately positioning the starting point position by searching a local minimum value in the vicinity of the zero crossing point.
Further, S4 includes the following steps:
and calculating the standard deviation of the difference value between the wave crest and the wave trough of the pulse wave main wave in 8 complete periods, and taking the calculation result as a characteristic parameter.
Similarly, the following description will be given with the aid of equations.
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,Sis the peak value of the main wave,Vis the value of the wave trough, and,
u is
Average of the difference between the peak and valley values of the entire period, here
Taking 8;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
namely the characteristic parameters are obtained by the method,
here, the
And 8, taking.
Further, S5 includes the following steps:
and judging a section with higher quality in two sections of PPG signals with the same wavelength by using the characteristic parameters, wherein the characteristic parameters are mainly used for describing the regularity and the degree of the PPG signals, the specific judgment standard is that the section of PPG signals with smaller characteristic parameters is higher in quality compared with the section of PPG signals with larger characteristic parameters, and finally, the sections of PPG signals with higher quality corresponding to the two wavelengths are respectively obtained.
Through observing 107 sets of photoplethysmography characteristic parameter comparison graphs in fig. 3 and comparing 107 sets of PPG signals, it can be found that the feature parameters of inferior pulse wave signals correspond to the circular dots, the feature parameters of superior PPG signals correspond to the square dots, and the feature parameters extracted from the superior pulse wave signals are obviously much smaller than those of inferior pulse wave signals. The pair with the smaller characteristic parameter is selected, so that the pair with the better quality in the two pairs of PPG waveforms in the same time period is selected as standard data in an adaptive mode. The PPG signals are uploaded to the pulse wave detection processor, and the better pair of PPG signals of the signals detected by the same wavelength at two different parts is preferentially selected through processing and calculating characteristic parameters.
The characteristic parameters of the same wavelength at two different parts are extracted by dividing the window, and the waveform in the window corresponding to the pair of pulse waves with smaller characteristic parameters is selected, namely the result of self-adaptively obtaining high-quality pulse waves under the window with the same length. Therefore, two paths of high-quality PPG signals of red light and infrared light can be acquired in a self-adaptive manner.
In summary, the fast adaptive acquisition device for PPG signals and the acquisition method using the same provided by the invention creatively introduce the characteristic parameters to measure the regularity and degree of the PPG signals, thereby realizing accurate description of the quality of the PPG signals.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a mode of respectively placing the two groups of pulse wave acquisition modules at different parts of the tested person and preferentially selecting the PPG signal with better quality, thereby furthest overcoming the signal quality deviation caused by the individual difference of the tested person, ensuring that the PPG signal after being preferentially selected has more excellent performance when extracting the physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, respiratory frequency and the like, and ensuring that the subsequent measurement result is more accurate.
In addition, the method can also be used as a basis of technical ideas, and provides specific reference values and deployment meanings for designing medical signal acquisition and processing schemes in the future.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Finally, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment contains only a single technical solution, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the technical solutions in the embodiments can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A PPG signal fast self-adaptive acquisition device is characterized by comprising:
the two pulse wave measurement modules are respectively arranged at different parts to be measured on the body of a person to be measured, and are used for sampling and preprocessing PPG signals of the parts to be measured and uploading the two pairs of obtained PPG signals;
the input end of the pulse wave detection processor is respectively and electrically connected with the output ends of the two pulse wave measurement modules, and the pulse wave detection processor is used for receiving PPG signals from the two pulse wave measurement modules, extracting characteristic parameters of the two pairs of PPG signals and preferentially selecting the PPG signal with better quality to output;
the input end of the storage module is electrically connected with the output end of the pulse wave detection processor and is used for receiving and storing the output of the pulse wave detection processor;
the input end of the communication module is electrically connected with the output end of the pulse wave detection processor and is used for receiving and forwarding the output of the pulse wave detection processor;
and the input end of the pulse wave display module is electrically connected with the output end of the communication module and is used for receiving and displaying the output of the pulse wave detection processor.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the two pulse wave measurement modules have the same structure, and each pulse wave measurement module includes:
the dual-band transmitter submodule comprises a 660nm red light emitting device and a 905nm infrared light emitting device and is used for acquiring and transmitting PPG signals of a part to be detected on the body of a person to be detected;
the input end of the signal receiving submodule is electrically connected with the output end of the dual-band transmitter submodule and is used for receiving and forwarding a PPG signal of a part to be detected;
pulse ripples preliminary treatment submodule piece, the input with the output electric connection of signal reception submodule piece, the output is as pulse ripples measurement module's output, with pulse ripples detects the input electric connection of treater for on being surveyed personnel's health, the PPG signal of being surveyed the position carries out the amplification and filters and AD conversion, and with the PPG signal that obtains upload to in the pulse ripples detects the treater.
3. A method for fast adaptive acquisition of a PPG signal, using the apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:
s1, configuring the fast self-adaptive PPG signal acquisition device, respectively arranging two pulse wave measurement modules on different parts to be measured on the body of a person to be measured, and enabling the pulse wave measurement modules to be in contact with the skin of the parts to be measured so as to finish acquisition of the PPG signal of the parts to be measured;
s2, simultaneously carrying out primary processing on the two collected PPG signals by adopting a time window with a fixed length;
s3, feature point detection is carried out on the PPG signals of the two detected parts corresponding to the same wavelength;
s4, extracting characteristic parameters of the PPG signals of the two detected parts corresponding to the same wavelength;
and S5, judging one section with higher quality in the two sections of PPG signals with the same wavelength by using the characteristic parameters, and further obtaining the two sections of PPG signals with higher quality corresponding to the same wavelength.
4. The method for fast and adaptively acquiring the PPG signal according to claim 3, wherein S2 comprises the following steps:
and simultaneously extracting windows with 6 sampling frequency lengths from PPG signals of two detected parts corresponding to the same wavelength by adopting a time window with a fixed length, wherein the time window is not less than 8 complete cycles.
5. The method for fast and adaptively acquiring the PPG signal according to claim 4, wherein S3 comprises the following steps:
detecting characteristic points by adopting a sliding window, wherein the length of the sliding window is 3/4 sampling frequencies and a threshold value method and a sliding window method;
selecting the center point of the sliding window as a reference point, executing a judging process, wherein the judging process comprises the following steps of,
if the amplitudes of the left side and the right side of the reference point are smaller than the amplitude of the reference point, the reference point is judged to be corresponding to a main wave peak; if the amplitudes of the left side and the right side of the reference point are larger than the amplitude of the reference point, the reference point is judged to be corresponding to a main wave trough; if the conditions are not met, sliding the window rightwards, and repeating the judgment process;
finally, the wave crest and the wave trough of the pulse wave main wave in 8 complete periods are obtained.
6. The method for fast and adaptively acquiring the PPG signal according to claim 5, wherein S4 comprises the following steps:
and calculating the standard deviation of the difference value between the wave crest and the wave trough of the pulse wave main wave in 8 complete periods, and taking the calculation result as a characteristic parameter.
7. The method for fast and adaptively acquiring the PPG signal according to claim 6, wherein S5 comprises the following steps:
and judging a section with higher quality in two sections of PPG signals with the same wavelength by using the characteristic parameters, wherein the judgment standard is that a section of PPG signal with smaller characteristic parameters is higher in quality compared with a section of PPG signal with larger characteristic parameters, and finally, respectively obtaining two sections of PPG signals with higher quality corresponding to the same wavelength.
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