CN112956106B - Vehicle power supply system and overvoltage protection method - Google Patents

Vehicle power supply system and overvoltage protection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112956106B
CN112956106B CN202180000389.8A CN202180000389A CN112956106B CN 112956106 B CN112956106 B CN 112956106B CN 202180000389 A CN202180000389 A CN 202180000389A CN 112956106 B CN112956106 B CN 112956106B
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power supply
voltage
switch
storage battery
control device
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CN112956106A (en
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张鹏
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a vehicle power supply system and an overvoltage protection method, and guarantees that when a main power supply has an overvoltage fault, each electrical load device cannot receive continuous and overvoltage power supply of the main power supply, each electrical load device is protected perfectly, driving safety is guaranteed, and driving risks are reduced. The vehicle power supply system includes: the power supply system comprises a main power supply, a first control device, a first storage battery, a second storage battery, a first power supply device, a second power supply device and at least one electrical load device, wherein the first power supply device comprises a first power supply switch, and the second power supply device comprises a second power supply switch; the main power supply is used for generating an output voltage; the first control means is for: monitoring an output voltage generated by a main power supply; and when the output voltage meets the first voltage level, the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch are disconnected so that the main power supply stops supplying power to the at least one electrical load device, and the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level reflects that the main power supply has a secondary overvoltage fault.

Description

Vehicle power supply system and overvoltage protection method
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a vehicle power supply system and an overvoltage protection method.
Background
In a vehicle not equipped with an Advanced Driving Assistance System (ADAS), a direct current (DC/DC) converter and a storage battery provide a low-voltage power supply for a new energy vehicle, or a generator and a storage battery provide a low-voltage power supply for an automobile or a diesel vehicle. In recent years, with the development and popularization of ADAS, and in order to meet the electrical safety requirements and functional safety requirements of a vehicle power supply system, a scheme of providing a dual battery in the vehicle power supply system has become an essential measure to meet the ADAS functional requirements. The double-battery scheme is understood to be that two 12V batteries are arranged on the vehicle, and then the two 12V batteries and the DC/DC are used for providing low-voltage power supply for the new energy vehicle, or the two 12V batteries and the generator are used for providing low-voltage power supply for the automobile or diesel vehicle.
However, in the related art, when an overvoltage fault occurs in DC/DC in a vehicle power supply system, although power supply to the dual batteries can be cut off, when a serious overvoltage fault occurs in DC/DC, power supply to an electrical load device such as a steering EPS cannot be cut off, so that the electrical load device is continuously damaged by overvoltage of the power supply, and a driving safety risk is brought.
Therefore, how to ensure that the electrical load device and the like are not damaged when the DC/DC has a serious overvoltage fault becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a vehicle power supply system and an overvoltage protection method, which ensure that when a main power supply has an overvoltage fault, each electrical load device can not receive continuous overvoltage power supply of the main power supply, and each electrical load device is well protected; thus ensuring the driving safety and reducing the driving risk.
In order to solve the above problem, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle power supply system, which may include: the power supply system comprises a main power supply, a first control device, a first storage battery, a second storage battery, a first power supply device, a second power supply device and at least one electrical load device, wherein the first power supply device comprises a first power supply switch, and the second power supply device comprises a second power supply switch; the first end of the first power supply switch is connected with a main power supply, and the second end of the first power supply switch is connected with the first control device; the first end of the second power supply switch is connected with the main power supply, and the second end of the second power supply switch is connected with the first control device; a main power supply for generating an output voltage; first control means for: monitoring an output voltage generated by a main power supply; and when the output voltage meets a first voltage level, the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch are switched off so that the main power supply stops supplying power to the at least one electrical load device, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level reflects that a secondary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply.
It should be understood that the second-level over-voltage fault described is understood to mean that the voltage value corresponding to the corresponding first voltage level may damage all components in the vehicle power system, such as: each of the at least one electrical load device, and the like. In addition, the described electrical load device may include, but is not limited to, electrical components such as an EPS (electric power steering), a brake ESP, a vehicle controller, an ADAS controller, and lights, and is not limited herein. In addition, the first storage battery and the second storage battery may also be a lithium battery, a lead-acid battery, and the like, and the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch may be a PMOS transistor, an NMOS transistor, and the like, which is not limited herein. The main power supply may be a DC/DC converter or the like.
Therefore, when the main power supply has a secondary overvoltage fault, at least one electrical load device in the vehicle power supply system can be prevented from being damaged, and further, the phenomenon that danger is caused due to the damage of the electrical load device in the driving process is avoided. In this way, the first control device needs to monitor the output voltage generated by the main power supply in real time and judge whether the output voltage is greater than a first preset voltage threshold, wherein the first preset voltage threshold corresponds to a first voltage level; when the output voltage is greater than the first preset voltage threshold, the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch connected with the main power supply need to be disconnected, so that the main power supply can stop supplying power to each electrical load device in at least one electrical load device, a path for supplying power to each electrical load device by the main power supply is cut off, and each electrical load device can not receive continuous overvoltage power supply of the main power supply when the main power supply has a secondary overvoltage fault, so that each electrical load device is protected perfectly.
Optionally, in some examples, the first power supply device further includes a first discharge switch, and the second power supply device further includes a second discharge switch; the first end of the first discharge switch is connected with the third end of the first power supply switch, the second end of the first discharge switch is connected with the first storage battery, and the third end of the first discharge switch is connected with the first control device; the first end of the second discharging switch is connected with the third end of the second power supply switch, the second end of the second discharging switch is connected with the second storage battery, and the third end of the second discharging switch is connected with the first control device; the first control device is further configured to: before the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch are opened, the first discharge switch and the second discharge switch are closed, so that the first storage battery and the second storage battery supply power to the at least one electrical load device.
It should be noted that, since the main power source is not in the event of a secondary overvoltage fault, the voltage at which each electrical load device can operate is primarily derived from the main power source. Therefore, by the mode, the first control device closes the first discharge switch and the second discharge switch firstly and then opens the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch, so that each electrical load device can be protected completely when a path of the main power supply for each electrical load device is cut off; and in the cutting-off process, the power supply can be provided for the electric load device, and the seamless switching from the main power supply to the first lithium battery and the second lithium battery ensures that the electric load device can work without obstacles.
Optionally, in other examples, the first power supply device further includes a first charging switch, and the second power supply device further includes a second charging switch; the first end of the first charging switch is connected with the third end of the first power supply switch, the second end of the first charging switch is connected with the first storage battery, and the third end of the first charging switch is connected with the first control device; the first end of the second charging switch is connected with the third end of the second power supply switch, the second end of the second charging switch is connected with the second storage battery, and the third end of the second charging switch is connected with the first control device; a first control device further configured to: and when the output voltage meets a second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, closing the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch to supply power to the at least one electrical load device by the main power supply, disconnecting the first charging switch to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the first storage battery, and disconnecting the second charging switch to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the second storage battery, wherein the voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level reflects that the main power supply has a primary overvoltage fault, and the voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level is smaller than the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level.
It should be noted that the first-stage overvoltage fault described is understood to mean that the voltage value corresponding to the respective second voltage level only causes damage to the first battery and the second battery, for example: failure to function properly, short circuits, etc. In this way, since the output voltage gradually increases from the low voltage to the high voltage, the first control device can also determine whether the output voltage satisfies the second voltage level after continuously monitoring the output voltage of the main power supply; then, when the output voltage meets the second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch are closed first, so that the output voltage of the main power supply 10 can supply power to at least one electrical load device, and each electrical load device is guaranteed not to stop working due to no electric quantity; finally, the first charging switch is switched off to stop the main power supply to the first storage battery, so that a path for the main power supply to supply power to the first storage battery is cut off, and the first storage battery is prevented from being damaged by overvoltage; similarly, the second charging switch needs to be turned off to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the second storage battery, so that a path for supplying power to the second storage battery by the main power supply is cut off, and the second storage battery is prevented from being damaged by overvoltage.
Optionally, in other examples, the first control device is further configured to: acquiring a first charging voltage sent by a first storage battery and a second charging voltage sent by a second storage battery, wherein the first charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the first storage battery in the current battery state of the first storage battery, and the second charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the second storage battery in the current battery state of the second storage battery; comparing the first charging voltage with the second charging voltage to obtain a voltage difference value; based on the voltage difference, closing the first charging switch or the second charging switch; and sending a first signal to the main power supply, wherein the first signal is used for instructing the main power supply to compensate the voltage of the first storage battery or the second storage battery according to the first charging voltage or the second charging voltage. Through the above manner, after the first storage battery determines the effective voltage value (i.e., the first charging voltage) required by the first storage battery, and the second storage battery determines the effective voltage value (i.e., the second charging voltage) required by the second storage battery, the first control device closes the first charging switch or the second charging switch based on the voltage difference between the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage, so that the main power supply performs voltage compensation on the first storage battery or the second storage battery according to the requested first charging voltage or second charging voltage, and the first storage battery and the second storage battery can be charged in a balanced manner under different voltage states, thereby reducing the voltage difference between the first storage battery and the second storage battery and prolonging the service lives of the first storage battery and the second storage battery.
Optionally, in other examples, the first control device is configured to: when the voltage difference value is larger than a preset threshold value, closing a first target switch, wherein the first target switch is a charging switch connected with a storage battery corresponding to a first target voltage, and the first target voltage is the minimum voltage of the first charging voltage and a second charging voltage; and sending a second signal to the main power supply, wherein the second signal is used for indicating the main power supply to supply power to the storage battery connected with the first target switch according to the first target voltage. Through the mode, if the voltage difference value is larger than the preset threshold value, the condition that the difference between the first charging voltage required by the first storage battery and the second charging voltage required by the second storage battery is larger and the first storage battery and the second storage battery are in a more unbalanced state is reflected. Therefore, in order to reduce the voltage difference between the first battery and the second battery, the first control device should determine the minimum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage and then close the charging switch connected to the battery corresponding to the minimum voltage. And then, the main power supply is informed of the need of charging the corresponding storage battery according to the minimum voltage in a mode of sending a second signal to the main power supply, so that the voltage difference between the storage batteries is reduced, and the voltage balance is realized.
Optionally, the first control device is configured to: when the voltage difference value is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value, closing the first charging switch and the second charging switch; and sending a third signal to the main power supply, wherein the third signal is used for indicating the main power supply to supply power to a first storage battery connected with the first charging switch and a second storage battery connected with the second charging switch according to a second target voltage, and the second target voltage is the maximum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage. Through the mode, when the voltage difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, if the main power supply only supplies power to the high-voltage storage battery, the low-voltage storage battery is always charged, so that the pressure difference between the storage batteries is larger and larger, therefore, the first charging switch and the second charging switch are closed by the first control device, the main power supply can supply power to the first storage battery and the second storage battery according to the maximum voltage, the pressure difference between the storage batteries is reduced, and the service life of the storage batteries is prolonged.
Optionally, in other examples, the first control device is further configured to: monitoring the voltage condition of the first storage battery and the voltage condition of the second storage battery; and when the voltage condition of the first storage battery reflects that the first storage battery has undervoltage fault or the voltage condition of the second storage battery reflects that the second storage battery has undervoltage fault, the first charging switch, the second charging switch, the first discharging switch and the second discharging switch are switched off. Through the mode, the first control device continuously monitors the voltage condition of the first storage battery and the voltage condition of the second storage battery, and if the voltage of the first storage battery is lower than the rated voltage, the first storage battery is indicated to have an undervoltage fault; or if the voltage of the second storage battery is lower than the rated voltage, the second storage battery is reflected to have undervoltage fault. In this way, in the case of an undervoltage fault of the first battery or an undervoltage fault of the second battery, the first control device should isolate the first battery from the second battery, prevent the batteries from discharging to the outside, and accept the power supply. Specifically, the first control device needs to turn off the first charge switch and the first discharge switch, and turn off the second charge switch and the second discharge switch. Not only can keep apart first battery and second battery, but also can guarantee that there is not great difference in the pressure differential between first battery and the second battery.
Optionally, in other examples, either one of the first power supply device and the second power supply device includes the first control device, or neither of the first power supply device and the second power supply device includes the first control device. In the above manner, the vehicle power supply system may include only one first control device, and may be specifically disposed in any one of the first power supply device and the second power supply device; or not deployed in any one of the power supply devices, for example: the method can be deployed in equipment such as a main power supply and the like, and has the effect of saving cost. In addition, the deployment mode of the first control device is not limited, and rich use modes are provided for different use scenes.
Alternatively, the first control device described above includes an electronic control unit ECU.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide another vehicle power supply system, which may include: the power supply system comprises a main power supply, a first control device, a first storage battery, a second storage battery, a first power supply device, a second power supply device and at least one electrical load device, wherein the first power supply device comprises a first control device and a first power supply switch, and the second power supply device comprises a second control device and a second power supply switch; the first end of the first power supply switch is connected with the main power supply, and the second end of the first power supply switch is connected with the first control device; the first end of the second power supply switch is connected with the main power supply, and the second end of the second power supply switch is connected with the second control device; a main power supply for generating an output voltage; first control means for: monitoring an output voltage generated by a main power supply, and disconnecting a first power supply switch when the output voltage meets a first voltage level so that the main power supply stops supplying power to at least one electrical load device, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level reflects that a secondary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply; second control means for: the output voltage generated by the main power supply is monitored, and when the output voltage meets the first voltage level, the second power supply switch is turned off, so that the main power supply stops supplying power to the at least one electrical load device.
In this example, the two control devices respectively control the power supply switches in the respective power supply devices, so that when a secondary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply, each electrical load device does not receive continuous overvoltage power supply from the main power supply, and each electrical load device is protected perfectly; further, the control efficiency can be improved by controlling the power supply switches of the respective power supply devices.
Optionally, in other examples, the first power supply device further includes a first discharge switch, and the second power supply device further includes a second discharge switch; the first end of the first discharge switch is connected with the third end of the first power supply switch, the second end of the first discharge switch is connected with the first storage battery, and the third end of the first discharge switch is connected with the first control device; the first end of the second discharging switch is connected with the third end of the second power supply switch, the second end of the second discharging switch is connected with the second storage battery, and the third end of the second discharging switch is connected with the second control device; a first control device further configured to: before the first power supply switch is opened, closing the first discharge switch to supply power to the at least one electrical load device by the first storage battery; second control means for: before the second power supply switch is opened, the second discharge switch is closed to supply power to the at least one electrical load device from the second storage battery.
By the mode, when the main power supply has a secondary overvoltage fault, the first control device firstly closes the first discharge switch and then opens the first power supply switch; the second control device also closes the second discharge switch first and then opens the second power supply switch. The seamless switching from the main power supply to the first lithium battery and the second lithium battery is realized in the process of cutting off the main power supply to supply power to each electrical load device, so that the barrier-free work of the electrical load devices is guaranteed; but also can cut off the path of the main power supply for supplying power to each electrical load device, and well protects each electrical load device.
Optionally, in other examples, the first power supply device further includes a first charging switch, and the second power supply device further includes a second charging switch; the first end of the first charging switch is connected with the third end of the first power supply switch, the second end of the first charging switch is connected with the first storage battery, and the third end of the first charging switch is connected with the first control device; the first end of the second charging switch is connected with the third end of the second power supply switch, the second end of the second charging switch is connected with the second storage battery, and the third end of the second charging switch is connected with the second control device; the first control device is further configured to: when the output voltage meets a second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, closing the first power supply switch to realize that the main power supply supplies power to the at least one electrical load device, and disconnecting the first charging switch to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the first storage battery, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level reflects that the main power supply has a primary overvoltage fault, and a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level is smaller than a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level; second control means for: and when the output voltage meets the second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, closing the second power supply switch to supply power to the at least one electrical load device by the main power supply, and opening the second charging switch to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the second storage battery.
It should be noted that the voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level reflects that the primary power source has a primary overvoltage fault, and the voltage value is smaller than the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level (i.e., reflects the voltage value of the secondary overvoltage fault). Moreover, the battery is also destroyed when a primary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply and a secondary overvoltage fault does not occur.
Therefore, in a scenario in which the power supply devices are controlled by the two control devices, respectively, in order to protect the battery, the first control device should first close the first power supply switch and then open the first charging switch when the output voltage satisfies the second voltage level and does not satisfy the first voltage level. The purpose is mainly to ensure that each electrical load device can obtain the power supply provided by the main power supply through the first power supply switch, ensure the driving safety and cut off the first storage battery to receive the power supply provided by the main power supply through the first charging switch. And the second control device should also close the second power supply switch first and then open the second charging switch when the output voltage meets the second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, so that the driving safety is guaranteed, and the second storage battery 3 is cut off to receive the power supply provided by the main power supply through the second charging switch, thereby protecting the second storage battery.
Optionally, in other examples, the first control device or the second control device is further configured to: acquiring a first charging voltage sent by a first storage battery and a second charging voltage sent by a second storage battery, wherein the first charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the first storage battery in the current battery state of the first storage battery, and the second charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the second storage battery in the current battery state of the second storage battery; comparing the first charging voltage with the second charging voltage to obtain a voltage difference value; a first control means for closing the first charging switch according to the voltage difference; or, the second control device is used for closing the second charging switch according to the voltage difference value.
Therefore, after the first control device or the second control device compares the acquired first charging voltage with the acquired second charging voltage to obtain a corresponding voltage difference value, the first control device can close the first charging switch according to the voltage difference value; alternatively, the second charging switch is closed by the second control means based on the voltage difference. The method is characterized in that after the first charging switch or the second charging switch is closed, a corresponding control device sends a signal to a main power supply to inform the main power supply that the voltage compensation is carried out on the first storage battery or the second storage battery according to the requested first charging voltage or second charging voltage, and the first storage battery and the second storage battery can be charged in a balanced manner under different voltage states step by step, so that the voltage difference between the first storage battery and the second storage battery is reduced, and the service lives of the first storage battery and the second storage battery are prolonged.
Optionally, in other examples, when the voltage difference is greater than the preset threshold, the first control device is configured to: when the first charging voltage is smaller than the second charging voltage, the first charging switch is closed so as to realize voltage compensation of the main power supply to the first storage battery according to the first charging voltage; or, second control means for: and when the first charging voltage is greater than the first charging voltage, closing the second charging switch to realize the voltage compensation of the main power supply to the second storage battery according to the second charging voltage.
Optionally, in other examples, when the voltage difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the first control device is configured to close the first charging switch, and the second control device is configured to close the second charging switch, so that the main power supply compensates the voltage of the first storage battery and the second storage battery according to a second target voltage, where the second target voltage is a maximum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage. It should be noted that, if the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold, it is reflected that the difference between the first charging voltage required by the first storage battery and the second charging voltage required by the second storage battery is smaller.
Through the mode, the voltage of the first storage battery and the voltage of the second storage battery are compensated through the maximum voltage, so that the voltage difference between the storage batteries can be reduced, and the situation that the voltage difference is larger due to the fact that the other storage battery is not charged when only one storage battery is charged is avoided.
Optionally, in other examples, the first control device is further configured to: monitoring a voltage condition of the first battery; and when the voltage condition of the first storage battery reflects that the first storage battery has undervoltage faults, the first charging switch and the first discharging switch are switched off, and a fourth signal is sent to the second control device to instruct the second control device to switch off the second charging switch and the second discharging switch.
It should be noted that the undervoltage fault described is understood to mean that the voltage of the battery itself is lower than the rated voltage. Therefore, in the above manner, in a scenario where the first control device and the second control device respectively control the two power supply devices, the first control device can also monitor the voltage condition of the first storage battery in real time; when the voltage condition of the first storage battery reflects that the first storage battery has an undervoltage fault, the first charging switch and the first discharging switch are switched off, so that the first storage battery is isolated without receiving a power supply provided by a main power supply and discharging outwards; and the second control device is required to be informed to disconnect the second charging switch and the second discharging switch, so that the second storage battery is prevented from continuously receiving the power supply provided by the main power supply and discharging outwards, and the situation that the pressure difference between the isolated first storage battery and the isolated second storage battery is increased is avoided.
Optionally, in other examples, the second control device is further configured to: monitoring a voltage condition of the second battery; and when the voltage condition of the second storage battery reflects that the second storage battery has an undervoltage fault, disconnecting the second charging switch and the second discharging switch, and sending a fifth signal to the first control device to instruct the first control device to disconnect the first charging switch and the first discharging switch.
Optionally, in other examples, the second terminal of the second power supply switch is further connected to the first control device, the third terminal of the second discharging switch is further connected to the first control device, and the third terminal of the second charging switch is further connected to the first control device; second control means for: monitoring the operating state of the second control device; the first control device is further configured to: and when the running state of the second control reflects that the second control device has running fault, controlling a second power supply switch, a second charging switch or a second discharging switch.
In this way, the first control device can be connected to the second power supply switch, the second charge switch and the second discharge switch in addition to the first power supply switch, the first charge switch and the first discharge switch. In this way, if the second control device determines that an operation failure has occurred since the second control device has monitored its own operation state, a signal may be sent to the first control device through a communication line or the like to inform the first control device of a role of a backup control device to control the second power supply switch, the second charge switch, or the second discharge switch. Therefore, under the condition that the second control device cannot normally work due to faults, the second power supply switch, the second charging switch or the second discharging switch can be controlled through the backup first control device, and therefore when the main power supply has the overvoltage faults, the driving safety of a vehicle can be guaranteed, and the second storage battery is not damaged by overvoltage.
In addition, when the second control device fails and the first control device takes over the second control device to operate, the first power supply switch, the first charging switch, the first discharging switch, the second power supply switch, the second charging switch, or the second discharging switch may be controlled by only the first control device. Specifically, the situation that only one first control device is used for control can be understood by referring to the content described in the vehicle power supply system provided by the first aspect, and the description is omitted here.
Optionally, in other examples, the second terminal of the first power supply switch is further connected to the second control device, the third terminal of the first discharging switch is further connected to the second control device, and the third terminal of the first charging switch is further connected to the second control device; the first control device is further configured to: monitoring the operating state of the first control device; second control means for: and when the running state of the first control reflects that the first control device has running faults, controlling the first power supply switch, the first charging switch or the first discharging switch.
It should be noted that, after the first control device monitors its own operating state, it determines that its own operating fault has occurred, and then may send a signal to the first control device through a communication line or the like, so as to inform the first control device of a role that needs to serve as a backup control device, and control the second power supply switch, the second charge switch, or the second discharge switch. Under the condition that the first control device cannot normally work due to faults, the first power supply switch, the first charging switch or the first discharging switch can be controlled through the second backup control device, and therefore when the main power supply has overvoltage faults, driving safety of a vehicle can be guaranteed, the first storage battery is not damaged by overvoltage, and the like.
Optionally, the first control means comprises a first electronic control unit ECU and the second control means comprises a second ECU.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for overvoltage protection, which may be applied to a vehicle power supply system, and the method may include: monitoring an output voltage generated by a main power supply in a vehicle power supply system; judging whether the output voltage meets a first voltage grade, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage grade reflects that a vehicle power supply system has a secondary overvoltage fault; when the output voltage meets a first voltage level, a first power supply switch and a second power supply switch in the vehicle power supply system are turned off to cause the main power supply to stop supplying power to the at least one electrical load device.
In another possible implementation manner, the method may further include: before the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch are opened, the first discharge switch and the second discharge switch are closed, so that the first storage battery and the second storage battery supply power to the at least one electrical load device.
In another possible implementation manner, the method may further include: and when the output voltage meets a second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, closing the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch to realize that the main power supply supplies power to at least one electrical load device, and disconnecting the first charging switch to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the first storage battery, and disconnecting the second charging switch to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the second storage battery, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level reflects that the main power supply has a primary overvoltage fault, and a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level is smaller than a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level.
In another possible implementation manner, the method may further include: acquiring a first charging voltage sent by a first storage battery and a second charging voltage sent by a second storage battery, wherein the first charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the first storage battery in the current battery state of the first storage battery, and the second charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the second storage battery in the current battery state of the second storage battery; comparing the first charging voltage with the second charging voltage to obtain a voltage difference value; closing the first charging switch or the second charging switch based on the voltage difference; and sending a first signal to the main power supply, wherein the first signal is used for instructing the main power supply to compensate the voltage of the first storage battery or the second storage battery according to the first charging voltage or the second charging voltage.
In another possible implementation, closing the first charging switch or the second charging switch based on the voltage difference comprises: when the voltage difference value is larger than a preset threshold value, closing a first target switch, wherein the first target switch is a charging switch connected with a storage battery corresponding to a first target voltage, and the first target voltage is the minimum voltage of the first charging voltage and a second charging voltage; and sending a second signal to the main power supply, wherein the second signal is used for indicating the main power supply to supply power to the storage battery connected with the first target switch according to the first target voltage.
In another possible implementation, closing the first charging switch or the second charging switch based on the voltage difference comprises: when the voltage difference value is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value, closing the first charging switch and the second charging switch; and sending a third signal to the main power supply, wherein the third signal is used for indicating the main power supply to supply power to a first storage battery connected with the first charging switch and a second storage battery connected with the second charging switch according to a second target voltage, and the second target voltage is the maximum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage.
In another possible implementation manner, the method may further include: monitoring the voltage condition of the first storage battery and the voltage condition of the second storage battery; and when the voltage condition of the first storage battery reflects that the first storage battery has undervoltage fault or the voltage condition of the second storage battery reflects that the second storage battery has undervoltage fault, the first charging switch, the second charging switch, the first discharging switch and the second discharging switch are switched off.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a driving apparatus including a vehicle power supply system as set forth in any one of the possible designs of the first or second aspects.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a chip including a vehicle power supply system as set forth in any one of the possible designs of the first or second aspects.
In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a first control device, including: a processor and a memory; the memory is configured to store program instructions, and the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory when the first control device is operating, so as to enable the first control device to perform the method for overvoltage protection as described in the third aspect.
In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage class reflects that a secondary overvoltage fault occurs to the main power supply, and the described secondary overvoltage fault may be understood that the voltage value corresponding to the corresponding first voltage class may damage all components in the vehicle power supply system, including each electrical load device in the at least one electrical load device. Therefore, the first control device can stop the power supply to each of the at least one electrical load device by monitoring the output voltage of the main power supply and disconnecting the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch connected to the main power supply when the output voltage satisfies the first voltage level. Compared with the prior art that the power supply to the electrical load devices cannot be cut off, the power supply device has the advantages that the corresponding power supply switches are added in the power supply device, and then when the main power supply has an overvoltage fault, the power supply switches are switched off to cut off the path of the main power supply for supplying power to each electrical load device, so that each electrical load device cannot receive continuous overvoltage power supply of the main power supply when the main power supply has a secondary overvoltage fault, and each electrical load device is protected perfectly; thus ensuring the driving safety and reducing the driving risk.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle power system provided in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a vehicle power system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of another vehicle power system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of another vehicle power system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of another vehicle power system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of another vehicle power system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of another vehicle power system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of another vehicle power system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of another vehicle power system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of another vehicle power system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a method of overvoltage protection provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of another method of overvoltage protection provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of another method of overvoltage protection provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 14 is a schematic hardware structure diagram of a first control device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a first control device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides a vehicle power supply system and an overvoltage protection method, which ensure that when a main power supply has an overvoltage fault, each electrical load device can not receive continuous overvoltage power supply of the main power supply, and each electrical load device is well protected; thus ensuring the driving safety and reducing the driving risk.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the above-described drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
With the development and popularization of ADAS, and in order to meet the electrical safety requirements and functional safety requirements of a vehicle power supply system, a solution of providing a dual battery in the vehicle power supply system becomes a necessary measure to meet the ADAS functional requirements. In short, two 12V storage batteries are equipped on the vehicle, and then the two 12V storage batteries and the DC/DC are used for providing low-voltage power supply for the new energy vehicle, or the two 12V storage batteries and the generator are used for providing low-voltage power supply for the automobile or the diesel vehicle.
However, in the related art, when the DC/DC in the vehicle power supply system has an overvoltage fault, although the power supply to the dual batteries can be cut off, when the DC/DC has a serious overvoltage fault, the power supply to the electrical load devices such as an Electric Power Steering (EPS) system cannot be cut off, so that the electrical load devices are continuously damaged by the overvoltage of the power supply, and thus, the driving safety risk is caused. For example, fig. 1 shows a schematic structure diagram of a vehicle power supply system provided in the prior art. As can be seen from fig. 1, the vehicular power supply system is composed of a first DC/DC11, a second DC/DC12, a first battery 21, a second battery 22, a connection control device 30, an electrical load device 40, and switches 51 to 54. In the event of a first series of power failures, the connection control device 30 may open the switch 51 and the switch 53 and close the switch 52 and the switch 54, so as to implement overvoltage protection for the first battery 21 and the second battery 22; alternatively, in the event of a second series power failure, connection control device 30 controls the opening of switches 52 and 54 and closes switches 51 and 53 to implement overvoltage protection for first battery 21 and second battery 22. However, in the case of the two power failures, once the power voltage outputted by the first DC/DC11 or the second DC/DC12 is over-voltage, the connection control device 30 controls the switches 51 to 54 to be opened or closed, so that the connection control device is only used for realizing over-voltage protection of the first battery 21 and the second battery 22, and cannot cut off the power supply to the electrical load device 40, and further, the electrical load device 40 is continuously damaged due to the over-voltage condition of the power voltage, which brings a driving safety risk.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle power supply system, which is applied to a driving device, and is capable of avoiding damage to an electrical load device and ensuring driving safety when overvoltage occurs in a power supply voltage. The driving device may be a smart car, a bridge car, a truck, a motorcycle, a bus, an amusement ride vehicle, a playground vehicle, a construction vehicle, a diesel vehicle, etc., and is not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application.
It will be appreciated that, since the vehicle power supply system described above may include at least two storage batteries, a corresponding power supply device may be connected to each storage battery. And the main power supply is controlled to supply power to the storage battery through the power supply device, and the following two conditions can be provided:
firstly, one control device controls two power supply devices simultaneously.
And secondly, the two control devices respectively control the power supply device connected with each storage battery.
In the first case described above, the following two cases can be understood: the control device may be disposed in any one of the two power supply devices; alternatively, neither of the two power supply devices includes the control device. It should be noted that, in the case where either one of the power supply devices includes the control device or neither of the two power supply devices includes the control device, the control device controls the two power supply devices to have similar functions.
Furthermore, it should be understood that, in the following fig. 2 to fig. 4, only the first control device is disposed on the first power supply device for example. In practical application, the first control device can be deployed in a second power supply device; the first control device may also be disposed outside the first and second power supply devices, for example: deployed in a main power supply, etc., to save costs.
Taking an example that the first control device is disposed on the first power supply device, refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a framework of a vehicle power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 2, the vehicle power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application may include a main power supply 10, a first control device 20, a first storage battery 31, a second storage battery 32, a first power supply device 41, a second power supply device 42, and at least one electrical load device 50. Wherein, the aforementioned first power supply device 41 may include a first power supply switch 411, and the second power supply device 42 may include a second power supply switch 421; the main power supply 10 is configured to generate an output voltage;
first control means 20 for:
monitoring the output voltage generated by the main power supply 10;
when the output voltage meets the first voltage class, the first power supply switch 411 and the second power supply switch 421 are turned off, so that the main power supply 10 stops supplying power to the at least one electrical load device 50, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage class reflects that a secondary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply 10.
It should be noted that a first end of the first power supply switch 411 is connected to the main power supply 10, and a second end of the first power supply switch 411 is connected to the first control device 20; a first terminal of the second power supply switch 421 is connected to the main power supply 10, and a second terminal of the second power supply switch 421 is connected to the first control device 20.
In the present embodiment, the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level reflects that the main power supply 10 has a secondary overvoltage fault. The described secondary overvoltage fault is understood to mean that the voltage value corresponding to the respective first voltage level can damage all components in the vehicle power system, such as: each of the at least one electrical load device 50, etc.; and damage to other components in the driving device in which the vehicle power system is located, such as: an engine, a transmission device, a global positioning system, a wireless communication system, a vehicle-mounted computer, an accelerator and the like in the driving equipment. In addition, the electrical load devices may include, but are not limited to, electrical components such as a steering EPS, an Electronic Stability Program (ESP), a vehicle control unit, an ADAS controller, and lights.
In order to prevent at least one electrical load device 50 in the vehicle power system from being damaged when the main power source 10 has a secondary overvoltage fault, and further prevent the electrical load device from being damaged during driving. Therefore, the first control device 20 needs to monitor the output voltage generated by the main power supply 10 in real time, and determine whether the output voltage is greater than a first preset voltage threshold, where the first preset voltage threshold corresponds to a first voltage class; when the output voltage is greater than the first preset voltage threshold, the first power supply switch 411 and the second power supply switch 421 connected to the main power supply 10 need to be disconnected, so that the main power supply 10 can stop supplying power to each of the at least one electrical load device 50, thereby cutting off a path for supplying power to each electrical load device by the main power supply 10, ensuring that each electrical load device does not receive continuous overvoltage power supply from the main power supply 10 when the main power supply 10 has a secondary overvoltage fault, and perfectly protecting each electrical load device.
It should be noted that the first control device 20 described above may be an ECU, and is not specifically limited herein. In addition, the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 may also be a lithium battery, a lead-acid battery, etc., and are not limited to the description herein. In addition, the main power supply 10 may be a DC/DC converter or the like, and is not limited to this. In addition, the first power supply switch 411, the second power supply switch 421, and the subsequent first discharge switch 412, the subsequent second discharge switch 422, the subsequent first charge switch 413, and the subsequent second charge switch 423 may be PMOS transistors, NMOS transistors, etc., which are not limited herein.
Optionally, in some examples, in order to avoid a situation that each electrical load apparatus cannot continue to operate because the corresponding amount of power is not stored when the path for supplying power to each electrical load apparatus by the main power supply 10 is cut off. Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the vehicle power supply system shown in fig. 2 described above, the first power supply device 41 in the vehicle power supply system shown in fig. 3 further includes a first discharge switch 412, and the second power supply device 42 further includes a second discharge switch 422;
the first control device 20 is further configured to:
before the first power supply switch 411 and the second power supply switch 421 are opened, the first discharge switch 412 and the second discharge switch 422 are closed so that the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 supply power to the at least one electrical load device 50.
It should be noted that the first terminal of the first discharging switch 412 is connected to the third terminal of the first power supply switch 411, the second terminal of the first discharging switch 412 is connected to the first battery 31, and the third terminal of the first discharging switch 412 is connected to the first control device 20; a first terminal of the second discharging switch 422 is connected to the third terminal of the second power supply switch 421, a second terminal of the second discharging switch 422 is connected to the second battery 32, and a third terminal of the second discharging switch 422 is connected to the first control device 20.
In this example, since the main power supply 10 is not in the event of a secondary overvoltage fault, the voltage at which each electrical load device can operate is derived primarily from the main power supply 10. Therefore, when the primary power supply 10 is cut off the path for supplying power to each electrical load device by opening the first power supply switch 411 and the second power supply switch 421 once the primary power supply 10 has a secondary overvoltage fault, the situation that each electrical load device cannot continue to operate because the corresponding power quantity is not stored can be avoided. Before the first power supply switch 411 and the second power supply switch 421 are opened, the first control device 20 further needs to control the closing of the first discharge switch 412 connected to the first storage battery 31 and the closing of the second discharge switch 422 connected to the second storage battery 32, so that the currents of the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 can reach the at least one electrical load device 50 through the first discharge switch 412 and the second discharge switch 422, and further power is supplied to each electrical load device in the at least one electrical load device 50.
In this way, the first control device 20 firstly closes the first discharge switch 412 and the second discharge switch 422, and then opens the first power supply switch 411 and the second power supply switch 421, so that each electrical load device can be well protected when the path for the main power supply 10 to supply power to each electrical load device is cut off; and moreover, the power supply for the electric load device can be realized in the cut-off process, and the seamless switching from the main power supply 10 to the first lithium battery and the second lithium battery is realized, so that the barrier-free work of the electric load device is ensured.
Alternatively, the output voltage of the main power supply 10 may be gradually increased from a low voltage to a high voltage. If the output voltage of the main power supply 10 satisfies the second voltage level but does not satisfy the first voltage level, the output voltage of the main power supply 10 may not damage the at least one electrical load device 50, but may also damage the first battery 31 and the second battery 32. Therefore, the first control device 20 described above can also control the main power supply 10 to stop supplying power to the first battery 31 and the second battery 32 to avoid damaging the batteries. Referring specifically to fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown.
As can be seen from fig. 4, on the basis of the vehicle power supply system described in conjunction with fig. 2 or fig. 3, the first power supply device 41 further includes a first charging switch 413, and the second power supply device 42 further includes a second charging switch 423.
The first control device 20 is further configured to:
when the output voltage meets the second voltage class and does not meet the first voltage class, the first power supply switch 411 and the second power supply switch 421 are closed to enable the main power supply 10 to supply power to the at least one electrical load device 50, the first charging switch 413 is opened to enable the main power supply 10 to stop supplying power to the first storage battery 31, and the second charging switch 423 is opened to enable the main power supply 10 to stop supplying power to the second storage battery 32, wherein the voltage value corresponding to the second voltage class reflects that the main power supply 10 has a primary overvoltage fault, and the voltage value corresponding to the second voltage class is smaller than the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage class.
A first end of the first charging switch 413 is connected to the third end of the first power supply switch 411, a second end of the first charging switch 413 is connected to the first battery 31, and a third end of the first charging switch 413 is connected to the first control device 20; a first terminal of the second charging switch 423 is connected to the third terminal of the second power supply switch 421, a second terminal of the second charging switch 423 is connected to the second battery 32, and a third terminal of the second charging switch 423 is connected to the first control device 20.
The second end of the first charging switch 413 may be connected to the first end of the first discharging switch 412 to connect to the first battery 31; similarly, the second terminal of the second charging switch 423 may be connected to the first terminal of the second discharging switch 422 to connect to the second battery 32. And are not specifically described herein.
In addition, the voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level described above can reflect that the main power supply 10 has a primary overvoltage fault. The described primary overvoltage fault is understood to mean that the voltage values corresponding to the respective second voltage classes only cause damage to the first battery 31 and the second battery 32, for example: failure to function properly, short circuit, etc.
It is understood that the voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level is smaller than the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level. That is, the damage degree of the device caused by the primary overvoltage fault of the main power supply 10 reflected by the voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level is lower than the damage degree of the device caused by the secondary overvoltage fault of the main power supply 10 reflected by the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level.
In addition, since the output voltage is gradually increased from low, the first control device 20 can determine whether the output voltage satisfies the second voltage level after continuously monitoring the output voltage of the main power supply 10; then, when the output voltage meets the second voltage class and does not meet the first voltage class, the first power supply switch 411 and the second power supply switch 421 are closed first, so that the output voltage of the main power supply 10 can supply power to at least one electrical load device 50, and each electrical load device is guaranteed not to stop working due to no electric quantity; finally, the first charging switch 413 is turned off to stop the main power supply 10 from supplying power to the first storage battery 31, so that a path for the main power supply 10 to supply power to the first storage battery 31 is cut off, and the first storage battery 31 is prevented from being damaged by overvoltage; similarly, the second charging switch 423 also needs to be turned off to stop the power supply from the main power supply 10 to the second storage battery 32, so as to cut off the path for the power supply from the main power supply 10 to the second storage battery 32, thereby protecting the second storage battery 32 from being damaged by overvoltage.
It should be noted that, the first control device 20 determines whether the output voltage satisfies the second voltage level and does not satisfy the first voltage level, and can determine whether the output voltage is greater than the second preset voltage threshold and smaller than the first preset voltage threshold. If the output voltage is greater than a second preset voltage threshold and less than a first preset voltage threshold, it is determined that the output voltage satisfies a second voltage level. The first preset voltage threshold is the minimum threshold of the first voltage class, and the second preset voltage threshold is the minimum threshold of the second voltage class.
Alternatively, in general, in a driving device with an ASAD, if the voltage difference between the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 in the vehicle power supply system is larger and larger, the overall performance of the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 is affected, for example: the service life of the storage battery is greatly reduced when the driving equipment is powered off during driving, the main power supply 10 cannot fully charge the storage battery, and the like. Therefore, if the voltage between the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 can exhibit a relatively balanced state, the service life of the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 can be extended.
Thus, in other examples, the first control device 20 described above may also be configured to:
acquiring a first charging voltage sent by the first storage battery 31 and a second charging voltage sent by the second storage battery 32, wherein the first charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the first storage battery 31 in the current battery state of the first storage battery 31, and the second charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the second storage battery 32 in the current battery state of the second storage battery 32;
comparing the first charging voltage with the second charging voltage to obtain a voltage difference value;
based on the voltage difference, either the first charging switch 413 or the second charging switch 423 is closed;
a first signal is sent to the main power supply 10, the first signal being used to instruct the main power supply 10 to perform voltage compensation to the first secondary battery 31 or the second secondary battery 32 according to the first charging voltage or the second charging voltage.
In this example, the first storage battery 31 may determine the corresponding first charging voltage according to its battery state. The first charging voltage described may reflect the effective voltage value required by the first storage battery 31 in the current battery state, i.e. how many volts the main power supply 10 needs to provide to the first storage battery 31 to effectively charge the first storage battery 31, and the primary overvoltage fault described in the foregoing fig. 4 does not occur. Note that, the battery state of the first storage battery 31 itself may include, but is not limited to, a temperature, a state of health (SOH), a voltage value, a voltage loss, and the like of the first storage battery 31.
Likewise, the second battery 32 can also determine the corresponding second charging voltage according to its own battery state. The second charging voltage described may reflect the effective voltage value required by the second battery 32 under the current battery condition, i.e., how many volts the main power supply 10 needs to provide to the second battery 32 in order to effectively charge the second battery 32, and the primary overvoltage fault described in fig. 4 above does not occur. It should be noted that the battery state of the second battery 32 itself may also include, but is not limited to, the temperature, the state of charge SOC, the state of health, the voltage value, the voltage loss, etc. of the second battery 32.
In this way, after the first storage battery 31 specifies the first charging voltage and the second storage battery 32 specifies the second charging voltage, the first control device 20 can be notified of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage via the communication line or the like. Then, the first control device 20 determines a voltage difference between the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage after receiving the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage, and controls the first charging switch 413 or the second charging switch 423 to be closed according to the voltage difference. After the first charging switch 413 or the second charging switch 423 is closed, the first control device 20 notifies the main power supply 10 of the fact that the voltage of the main power supply 10 is compensated for the first battery 31 or the second battery 32 according to the first charging voltage or the second charging voltage, for example, by a first signal.
In this way, after the first storage battery 31 determines the effective voltage value required by itself (i.e., the first charging voltage described above) and the second storage battery 32 determines the effective voltage value required by itself (i.e., the second charging voltage described above), the first control device closes the first charging switch 413 or the second charging switch 423 based on the voltage difference between the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32, so that the main power supply 10 performs voltage compensation on the first storage battery 31 or the second storage battery 32 according to the requested first charging voltage or second charging voltage, thereby gradually realizing that the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 can be charged in a balanced manner under different voltage states, thereby reducing the voltage difference between the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 and prolonging the service lives of the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32.
It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the first control device 20 may execute different control strategies according to the comparison result by comparing the magnitude relationship between the voltage difference and the preset threshold in the process of closing the first charging switch 413 or the second charging switch 423 based on the voltage difference. The following two aspects can be understood in particular:
and (1) when the voltage difference value is greater than a preset threshold value.
And secondly, the voltage difference value is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value.
The following will respectively describe the situations of the first and the second embodiments in detail as follows:
1) and aiming at the condition that the voltage difference value shown in the step (i) is greater than a preset threshold value. The first control device 20 is specifically configured to:
when the voltage difference value is larger than a preset threshold value, closing a first target switch, wherein the first target switch is a charging switch connected with a storage battery corresponding to a first target voltage, and the first target voltage is the minimum voltage of the first charging voltage and a second charging voltage;
a second signal is sent to the main power supply 10, the second signal being used to instruct the main power supply 10 to supply power to the battery connected to the first target switch according to the first target voltage.
In this example, the preset threshold reflects that the voltage of the first battery 31 and the voltage of the second battery 32 are in a well-balanced state. Therefore, the first control device 20 determines the voltage difference between the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage by comparing the magnitude relationship between the voltage difference and the preset threshold. If the voltage difference is greater than the preset threshold, it reflects that the difference between the first charging voltage required by the first storage battery 31 and the second charging voltage required by the second storage battery 32 is greater, and the states are more unbalanced.
Therefore, in order to be able to reduce the differential pressure between the first battery 31 and the second battery 32, the first control device 20 should close the first target switch; then, the main power supply 10 is informed of the need to charge the storage battery connected with the first target switch according to the first target voltage by sending a second signal to the main power supply 10, so as to reduce the voltage difference between the storage batteries and realize voltage equalization. It is understood that the aforementioned first target voltage is a minimum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage. In addition, the described first target switch is a charging switch to which the storage battery corresponding to the first target voltage is connected.
For example, if the first charging voltage is less than the second charging voltage when the voltage difference is greater than the preset threshold, the first control device 20 may close the first charging switch 413 connected to the first storage battery 31 and then inform the main power supply 10 that the first storage battery 31 is supplied with power by the main power supply 10 at the first charging voltage. Likewise, if the first charging voltage is greater than the second charging voltage, the first control device 20 may close the second charging switch 423 connected to the second storage battery 32, and then inform the main power supply 10 that the second storage battery 32 is supplied with power by the main power supply 10 at the second charging voltage.
2) And aiming at the condition that the voltage difference value shown in the step (c) is less than or equal to the preset threshold value. The first control device 20 is specifically configured to:
when the voltage difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold, closing the first charging switch 413 and the second charging switch 423;
a third signal is transmitted to the main power supply 10, the third signal instructing the main power supply 10 to supply power to the first storage battery 31 connected to the first charge switch 413 and the second storage battery 32 connected to the second charge switch 423, according to a second target voltage, which is the maximum voltage of the first charge voltage and the second charge voltage.
In this example, similarly to the case of (r) above, if the voltage difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold, it means that the difference between the first charging voltage required by the first storage battery 31 and the second charging voltage required by the second storage battery 32 is small, and the states are substantially unbalanced.
Therefore, in order to reduce the voltage difference between the first battery 31 and the second battery 32 and ensure that the low-voltage battery can be charged. The first control means 20 should close the first charging switch 413 and the second charging switch 423 when the voltage difference is less than or equal to a preset threshold; then, the main power supply 10 is informed that the first storage battery 31 connected to the first power supply switch 411 and the second storage battery 32 connected to the second charging switch 423 need to be charged according to the second target voltage by sending a third signal to the main power supply 10. The second target voltage is a maximum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage.
For example, when the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold, if the first charging voltage is smaller than the second charging voltage, the first control device 20 may close the first charging switch 413 and the second charging switch 423, and then inform the main power supply 10 that the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 are supplied with power by the main power supply 10 according to the second charging voltage. Similarly, if the first charging voltage is greater than the second charging voltage, the first control device 20 may close the first charging switch 413 and the second charging switch 423, and then inform the main power supply 10 that the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 are supplied with power according to the first charging voltage by the main power supply 10. In this way, when the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold, if the main power supply 10 only supplies power to the high-voltage battery, the voltage difference between the batteries is larger and larger due to the fact that the low-voltage battery cannot be charged all the time, and therefore the first control device 20 should close the first charging switch 413 and the second charging switch 423, so that the main power supply 10 can supply power to the first battery 31 and the second battery 32 according to the maximum voltage, the voltage difference between the batteries is reduced, and the service life of the batteries is prolonged.
Optionally, in another example, if the voltage of the storage battery caused by the conditions of self short circuit, over discharge and the like is lower than the rated voltage, the storage battery is continuously used, so that danger is easily caused and the service life of the storage battery is influenced, and the storage battery can be only isolated and manually overhauled to avoid the rejection of the storage battery. Therefore, the first control device 20 described above may be further configured to:
monitoring the voltage condition of the first storage battery 31 and the voltage condition of the second storage battery 32;
when the voltage condition of the first storage battery 31 reflects the occurrence of the undervoltage failure of the first storage battery 31 or the voltage condition of the second storage battery 32 reflects the occurrence of the undervoltage failure of the second storage battery 32, the first charge switch 413, the second charge switch 423, the first discharge switch 412, and the second discharge switch 422 are turned off.
In this example, the first control device 20 continuously monitors the voltage condition of the first battery 31 and the voltage condition of the second battery 32, and if the voltage of the first battery 31 is lower than the rated voltage, it indicates that the first battery 31 has an undervoltage fault; alternatively, if the voltage of the second battery 32 is lower than the rated voltage, it is reflected that the second battery 32 has an undervoltage failure. In this way, in the case of undervoltage failure of the first storage battery 31 or undervoltage failure of the second storage battery 32, the first control device 20 should isolate the first storage battery 31 from the second storage battery 32, prevent the storage batteries from discharging to the outside, and receive power supply. Specifically, the first control device 20 needs to turn off the first charge switch 413 and the first discharge switch 412, and turn off the second charge switch 423 and the second discharge switch 422. Not only can the first storage battery 31 be isolated from the second storage battery 32, but it can also be ensured that there is no large difference in the differential pressure between the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32.
It should be noted that fig. 2-fig. 4 only illustrate the first control device 20 disposed on the first power supply device 41. In practical applications, the first control device 20 may also be disposed in the second power supply device 42, which is not limited herein.
In addition, the first control device 20 may also be disposed outside the first power supply device 41 and the second power supply device 42, and specifically, refer to fig. 5, which is a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that the vehicle power supply system shown in fig. 5 differs from the vehicle power supply system shown in fig. 2 to 4 only in the arrangement manner of the first control device 20, that is, neither the first power supply device 41 nor the second power supply device 42 shown in fig. 5 includes the first control device 20, and any one of the power supply devices in fig. 2 to 4 includes the first control device 20. However, the functions of the first control device 20 in the vehicle power supply system shown in fig. 5 can be understood by specifically referring to the contents described in fig. 2 to fig. 4, which are not described herein again.
The above description has been made mainly for the first case (i.e., two power supply devices are simultaneously controlled by one control device), and the second case (i.e., the power supply devices to which the respective storage batteries are connected are separately controlled by the two control devices) will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Taking the first power supply device 41 including the first control device 20 and the second power supply device 42 including the second control device 21 as an example, fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the vehicle power supply system may include:
the power supply system comprises a main power supply 10, a first control device 20, a first storage battery 31, a second storage battery 32, a first power supply device 41, a second power supply device 42 and at least one electrical load device 50, wherein the first power supply device 41 comprises the first control device 20 and a first power supply switch 411, and the second power supply device 42 comprises a second control device 21 and a second power supply switch 421;
a main power supply 10 for generating an output voltage;
a first control device 20 for: monitoring the output voltage generated by the main power supply 10, and when the output voltage meets a first voltage level, turning off the first power supply switch 411 to stop the main power supply 10 from supplying power to the at least one electrical load device 50, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level reflects that a secondary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply 10;
second control means 21 for: the output voltage generated by the main power supply 10 is monitored and when the output voltage meets the first voltage level, the second power supply switch 421 is opened to stop the main power supply 10 from supplying power to the at least one electrical load device 50.
A first end of the first power supply switch 411 is connected to the main power supply 10, and a second end of the first power supply switch 411 is connected to the first control device 20 and the second control device 21; a first terminal of the second power supply switch 421 is connected to the main power supply 10, and a third terminal of the second power supply switch 421 is connected to the first control device 20 and the second control device 21.
In this embodiment, the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level reflects that the main power supply 10 has a secondary overvoltage fault (for details, see the content of fig. 2, which is not described herein).
As can be seen from fig. 6, the first control device 20 may be disposed in the first power supply device 41, and the second control device 21 may be disposed in the second power supply device 42. In this way, when monitoring that the output voltage of the main power supply 10 meets the first voltage level, the first control device 20 turns off the first power supply switch 411, so that the main power supply 10 cannot continue to supply power to the at least one electrical load device 50; likewise, the second control device 21 also turns off the second power supply switch 421 when the output voltage of the main power supply 10 satisfies the first voltage level, so that the main power supply 10 cannot continue to supply power to the at least one electrical load device 50. Through the mode, one control device is arranged in each power supply device, so that each control device can cut off a path for supplying power to at least one electrical load device 50 by the main power supply 10 when the main power supply 10 has a secondary overvoltage fault by controlling the corresponding power supply switch in each power supply device, each electrical load device can not receive continuous overvoltage power supply of the main power supply 10 when the main power supply 10 has the secondary overvoltage fault, and each electrical load device is well protected; further, the control efficiency is improved by controlling the power supply switches of the respective power supply devices.
In practical applications, the first control device 20 may be disposed in the second power supply device 42, and the second control device 21 may be disposed in the first power supply device 41, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the description.
Alternatively, on the basis of the vehicle power supply system shown in fig. 6, fig. 7 shows another structural schematic diagram of the vehicle power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 7, the first power supply device 41 further includes a first discharge switch 412, and the second power supply device 42 further includes a second discharge switch 422.
The first control device 20 is further configured to: before the first power supply switch 411 is opened, the first discharge switch 412 is closed to enable the first storage battery 31 to supply power to the at least one electrical load device 50;
second control means 21 for: before the second power supply switch 421 is opened, the second discharge switch 422 is closed to supply the second storage battery 32 to the at least one electrical load device 50.
In this example, in the event of a secondary overvoltage fault condition of the main power supply 10, the first control device 20 may also close the first discharge switch 412 before opening the first power supply switch 411 so that the main power supply 10 stops supplying power to at least one electrical load device 50, so that the first storage battery 31 connected to the first discharge switch 412 can supply power to each electrical load device. Similarly, the second control device 21 may also close the second discharging switch 422 before opening the second power supply switch 421 to stop the main power supply 10 from supplying power to the at least one electrical load device 50, so that the second storage battery 32 connected to the second discharging switch 422 can supply power to each electrical load device.
In the above manner, when the main power supply 10 has a secondary overvoltage fault, the first control device 20 firstly closes the first discharge switch 412 and then opens the first power supply switch 411; the second control device 21 also closes the second discharging switch 422 first and then opens the second power supply switch 421. The seamless switching from the main power supply 10 to the first lithium battery and the second lithium battery is realized in the process of cutting off the main power supply 10 to supply power to each electrical load device, so that the barrier-free work of the electrical load devices is guaranteed; but also to cut off the path of the main power supply 10 to supply power to each electrical load apparatus, well protecting each electrical load apparatus.
Alternatively, on the basis of the vehicle power supply system shown in fig. 6 or fig. 7, fig. 8 shows another structural schematic diagram of the vehicle power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 8, the first power supply device 41 further includes a first charging switch 413, and the second power supply device 42 further includes a second charging switch 423.
The first control device 20 is further configured to: when the output voltage meets the second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, closing the first power supply switch 411 to realize that the main power supply 10 supplies power to the at least one electrical load device 50, and opening the first charging switch 413 to stop the main power supply 10 from supplying power to the first storage battery 31, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level reflects that a primary overvoltage fault occurs to the main power supply 10, and is smaller than a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level;
second control means 21 for: when the output voltage satisfies the second voltage level and does not satisfy the first voltage level, the second power supply switch 421 is closed to enable the main power supply 10 to supply power to the at least one electrical load device 50, and the second charging switch 423 is opened to stop the main power supply 10 from supplying power to the second secondary battery 32.
A first terminal of the first charging switch 413 is connected to the third terminal of the first power supply switch 411, a second terminal of the first charging switch 413 is connected to the first battery 31, and a third terminal of the first charging switch 413 is connected to the first control device 20 and the second control device 21; a first terminal of the second charging switch 423 is connected to the third terminal of the second power supply switch 421, a second terminal of the second charging switch 423 is connected to the second battery 32, and a third terminal of the second charging switch 423 is connected to the first control device 20 and the second control device 21.
In addition, the voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level reflects that the primary power supply 10 has a primary overvoltage fault, and is smaller than the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level (as can be understood with reference to the description of fig. 4). Furthermore, the battery is also destroyed when a primary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply 10 and a secondary overvoltage fault does not occur.
Therefore, in a scenario where the power supply devices are controlled by the two control devices, respectively, in order to protect the secondary battery, the first control device 20 should first close the first power supply switch 411 and then open the first charging switch 413 when the output voltage satisfies the second voltage level and does not satisfy the first voltage level. The main purpose of this is to obtain the power supplied from the main power supply 10 through the first power supply switch 411 for each electrical load device, to ensure the driving safety, and to cut off the first battery 31 from receiving the power supplied from the main power supply 10 through the first charge switch 413. And, the second control device 21 should also close the second power supply switch 421 and then open the second charging switch 423 when the output voltage meets the second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, so as to cut off the second storage battery 32 from receiving the power supplied by the main power supply 10 through the second charging switch 423 while ensuring driving safety, thereby protecting the second storage battery 32.
Optionally, in other examples, the first control device 20 or the second control device 21 is further configured to:
acquiring a first charging voltage sent by the first storage battery 31 and a second charging voltage sent by the second storage battery 32, wherein the first charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the first storage battery 31 in the current battery state of the first storage battery 31, and the second charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the second storage battery 32 in the current battery state of the second storage battery 32;
comparing the first charging voltage with the second charging voltage to obtain a voltage difference value;
a first control means 20 for closing the first charging switch 413 according to the voltage difference; or the like, or, alternatively,
and a second control means 21 for closing the second charging switch 423 according to the voltage difference.
In this example, after the first control device 20 or the second control device 21 compares the acquired first charging voltage and the second charging voltage to obtain a corresponding voltage difference value, the first control device 20 may close the first charging switch 413 according to the voltage difference value; alternatively, the second charging switch 423 is closed by the second control device 21 based on the voltage difference. The purpose of the method is to enable the corresponding control device to send a signal to the main power supply 10 after the first charging switch 413 or the second charging switch 423 is closed, so as to inform the main power supply 10 that voltage compensation needs to be performed on the first storage battery 31 or the second storage battery 32 according to the requested first charging voltage or second charging voltage, and gradually realize that the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 can be charged in a balanced manner under different voltage states, thereby reducing the voltage difference between the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32, and prolonging the service lives of the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32. Specifically, the details described in the foregoing first case (i.e., one control device controls two power supply devices at the same time) may be referred to for understanding, and the details are not repeated herein.
It should be noted that, in particular, under which condition the charging switches controlled by the first control device 20 and the second control device 21 are closed, the first control device 20 and the second control device 21 may compare the voltage difference with a preset threshold, and then control according to the comparison result.
Specifically, when the voltage difference is greater than the preset threshold, it is reflected that the difference between the first charging voltage required by the first storage battery 31 and the second charging voltage required by the second storage battery 32 is large, and the first storage battery and the second storage battery are in a more unbalanced state, and at this time, voltage compensation is performed only for the storage battery with the minimum voltage. Therefore, if the first control device 20 determines that the first charging voltage is less than the second charging voltage when the voltage difference is greater than the preset threshold, the first charging switch 413 may be closed; and informs the main power supply 10 by a signal or the like, and the main power supply 10 compensates the voltage of the first battery 31 in accordance with the first charging voltage. Similarly, if the voltage difference is greater than the preset threshold, the second control device 21 may close the second charging switch 423 when determining that the first charging voltage is greater than the second charging voltage; and informs the main power supply 10 by a signal or the like, and the main power supply 10 compensates the voltage of the second secondary battery 32 in accordance with the second charging voltage.
In addition, if the voltage difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold, it is reflected that the difference between the first charging voltage required by the first storage battery 31 and the second charging voltage required by the second storage battery 32 is small. In this case, the first battery 31 and the second battery 32 may be compensated for the maximum voltage, so as to reduce the voltage difference between the batteries, and avoid the situation that the voltage difference is larger because the other battery is not charged when only one of the batteries is charged. Therefore, if the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold, the first control device 20 needs to close the first charging switch 413, and the second control device 21 also needs to close the second charging switch 423, and notifies the main power supply 10 by a signal or the like, so that the main power supply 10 compensates the voltage of the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 according to the maximum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage.
Optionally, in another example, the first control device 20 may be further configured to: monitoring the voltage condition of the first battery 31; when the voltage condition of the first storage battery 31 reflects that the first storage battery 31 has an undervoltage fault, the first charging switch 413 and the first discharging switch 412 are turned off, and a fourth signal is sent to the second control device 21 to instruct the second control device 21 to turn off the second charging switch 423 and the second discharging switch 422.
In this example, the undervoltage fault described is understood to mean that the voltage of the battery itself is lower than the nominal voltage. Specifically, it can be understood by referring to the content described in the foregoing embodiments in the first case (i.e. one control device controls two power supply devices at the same time), and details are not described herein.
Therefore, in a scenario where the first control device 20 and the second control device 21 control the two power supply devices respectively, the first control device 20 can also monitor the voltage condition of the first storage battery 31 in real time; when the voltage condition of the first storage battery 31 reflects that the first storage battery 31 has an undervoltage fault, the first charging switch 413 and the first discharging switch 412 are turned off, so that the first storage battery 31 is isolated without receiving the power supplied by the main power supply 10 or discharging outwards; in addition, the second control device 21 needs to be informed to turn off the second charge switch 423 and the second discharge switch 422, so as to avoid the second storage battery 32 from continuously receiving the power supplied by the main power supply 10 and discharging to the outside, thereby preventing the increase of the voltage difference between the isolated first storage battery 31 and the isolated second storage battery 32.
Optionally, in another example, the second control device 21 may be further configured to: monitoring a voltage condition of the second battery 32; when the voltage condition of the second storage battery 32 reflects that the second storage battery 32 has an undervoltage fault, the second charging switch 423 and the second discharging switch 422 are turned off, and a fifth signal is sent to the first control device 20 to instruct the first control device 20 to turn off the first charging switch 413 and the first discharging switch 412.
It will be appreciated that the second control means 21 also needs to isolate the second battery 32 if the voltage conditions of the second battery 32 reflect an undervoltage fault of the second battery 32. The specific isolation manner can be understood by referring to the manner of isolating the first storage battery 31 by the first control device 20, which is not described herein again.
Alternatively, in other examples, if the first control device 20 fails to work properly, the second control device 21 may take over the first control device 20 to perform the function performed by the first control device 20. Similarly, if the second control device 21 fails to operate normally due to a failure, the first control device 20 may execute the function executed by the second control device 21 instead. Therefore, the first control device 20 and the second control device 21 are backup to each other, so that corresponding functions can be executed even under the condition that one of the control devices cannot work, the safety in the driving process is ensured, and the overall safety is improved. For this purpose, reference may be made to fig. 9, which is a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present application. In addition to the above 8 and alternative embodiments, as can be seen from fig. 9, the second terminal of the second power supply switch 421 is further connected to the first control device 20, the third terminal of the second discharge switch 422 is further connected to the first control device 20, and the third terminal of the second charge switch 423 is further connected to the first control device 20.
Furthermore, the second control device 21 is also configured to: monitoring the operating state of the second control device 21;
the first control device 20 is further configured to: when the operation state of the second control reflects an operation failure of the second control device 21, the second power supply switch 421, the second charge switch 423, or the second discharge switch 422 is controlled.
In this example, the first control device 20 is connected to the second power supply switch 421, the second charge switch 423, and the second discharge switch 422 in addition to the first power supply switch 411, the first charge switch 413, and the first discharge switch 412. In this way, if the second control device 21 determines that an operational failure has occurred since it monitored its own operational state, it can send a signal to the first control device 20 through a communication line or the like to inform the first control device 20 that it needs to function as a backup control device, and control the second power supply switch 421, the second charge switch 423, or the second discharge switch 422. Therefore, when the second control device cannot normally work due to a fault, the second power supply switch 421, the second charge switch 423 or the second discharge switch 422 can be controlled by the backup first control device, so that the driving safety of the vehicle can be guaranteed when the main power supply has an overvoltage fault, and the second storage battery is not damaged by overvoltage.
Specifically, when the second control device 21 fails and the first control device 20 takes over the operation of the second control device 21, the first power supply switch 411, the first charge switch 413, the first discharge switch 412, the second power supply switch 421, the second charge switch 423, or the second discharge switch 422 may be controlled only by the first control device 20. Specifically, the case of being controlled only by the first control device 20 can be understood by referring to the content described in the above first case (i.e. one control device controls two power supply devices at the same time), and the detailed description is omitted here.
Alternatively, in other examples, if the first control device 20 fails, the second control device 21 may take over the operation of the first control device 20. Specifically, reference may be made to fig. 10, which is a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 10, the second terminal of the first power supply switch 411 is further connected to the second control device 21, the third terminal of the first discharge switch 412 is further connected to the second control device 21, and the third terminal of the first charge switch 413 is further connected to the second control device 21.
Further, the first control device 20 is configured to: monitoring the operating state of the first control device 20;
the second control device 21 is further configured to: when the operation state of the first control reflects that the first control device 20 has an operation failure, the first power supply switch 411, the first charge switch 413, or the first discharge switch 412 is controlled.
It can be understood that, when the first control device 20 has a failure, the second control device 21 takes over the operation of the first control device 20, which can be understood by referring to the content described in fig. 9, and the description thereof is omitted here.
The vehicle power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail mainly from the perspective of functional modules, and is based on the vehicle power supply systems provided in the foregoing fig. 2 to 5. Referring to fig. 11, which is a schematic diagram of an over-voltage protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application, the over-current protection method may be applied to the vehicle power supply systems described in fig. 2 to 5, and as shown in fig. 11, the method may include:
1101. an output voltage generated by a main power supply in a vehicle power supply system is monitored.
1102. And judging whether the output voltage meets a second voltage level, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level reflects that a primary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply.
In this example, the voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level described above can reflect that the primary power supply has a primary overvoltage fault. The described primary overvoltage fault is understood to mean that the voltage values corresponding to the respective second voltage classes only cause damage to the first battery and the second battery, such as: failure to function properly, short circuit, etc. Specifically, the content described in the foregoing fig. 4 can be understood, and details are not described here.
Therefore, after continuously monitoring the output voltage, it is necessary to determine whether the output voltage satisfies the second voltage level for determining whether the output voltage may damage the first battery and the second battery. Specifically, it is possible to determine whether the output voltage is greater than a second preset voltage threshold, but less than the first preset voltage threshold (i.e., understood as a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level). If the output voltage is greater than the second preset voltage threshold and less than the first preset voltage threshold, the following step 1103 may be executed. The first preset voltage threshold is the minimum threshold of the first voltage class, and the second preset voltage threshold is the minimum threshold of the second voltage class. The content described with reference to fig. 4 can be specifically understood, and is not described herein again.
It should be noted that, if it is determined that the output voltage is less than or equal to the second preset voltage threshold, the foregoing step 1101 may be executed continuously, and will not be described here.
1103. And when the output voltage meets the second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, controlling the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch to be closed so that the main power supply supplies power to the at least one electrical load device, and controlling the first charging switch and the second charging switch to be opened so that the main power supply stops supplying power to the first storage battery and the second storage battery, wherein the voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level is smaller than the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level, and the voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level reflects that a vehicle power supply system has a secondary overvoltage fault.
In this example, when the output voltage meets the second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch are controlled to be closed, so that the main power supply can supply power to at least one electrical load device, and driving safety is guaranteed. And through the disconnection of control first charge switch and second charge switch for this main power supply stops to first battery and second battery power supply, then when guaranteeing driving safety, avoids continuing to supply power to the battery, and the protection battery can not be because of the bigger and bigger quilt of voltage is damaged, influences life.
Specifically, it is possible to determine whether the output voltage is greater than a second preset voltage threshold, but less than the first preset voltage threshold (i.e., understood as a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level). If the output voltage is greater than the second preset voltage threshold and less than the first preset voltage threshold, it indicates that the output voltage meets the second voltage level and has not yet reached the first voltage level. The first preset voltage threshold is the minimum threshold of the first voltage class, and the second preset voltage threshold is the minimum threshold of the second voltage class. The content described with reference to fig. 4 can be specifically understood, and is not described herein again.
1104. Closing of the first and second discharge switches is controlled to cause the first and second batteries to supply power to the at least one electrical load device.
In this example, only a primary over-voltage fault occurs due to the main power source, and no secondary over-voltage fault occurs. However, when the subsequent main power supply has a secondary overvoltage fault, the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch need to be turned off to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the at least one electrical load device in order to ensure driving safety. It follows that if the first and second power switches are opened, the at least one electrical load device cannot continue to receive power from the main power source and then cannot operate properly. In this case, it is necessary to control the closing of the first discharge switch and the second discharge switch, so that the first storage battery and the second storage battery supply power to each electrical load device, and it is ensured that each electrical load device continues to operate normally under the voltage provided by the two storage batteries. The seamless switching of the power supply from the main power supply to the storage battery is realized, and the driving safety is ensured.
1105. After the first discharge switch and the second discharge switch are closed, it is determined whether the output voltage satisfies a first voltage level.
In this example, the output voltage continues to rise from a low voltage to a high voltage. Therefore, after the first discharge switch and the second discharge switch are closed to realize seamless switching of the power supply to provide voltage for each electrical load device, whether the output voltage meets the first voltage level can be further judged. The voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level reflects that the main power supply has a secondary overvoltage fault, and the secondary overvoltage fault can damage all components in the vehicle power supply system, including each electrical load device, and influences driving safety. Specifically, the content described in fig. 2 can be understood with reference to the description, and the description is not repeated here.
It should be noted that the output voltage may be compared to a first predetermined voltage threshold (i.e., a voltage value understood to correspond to the first voltage level). If the output voltage is greater than the first predetermined voltage threshold, then the following step 1106 may be performed.
In addition, if the output voltage is less than or equal to the first preset voltage threshold, the previous step 1101 may be executed continuously, which is not described here.
1106. When the output voltage meets a first voltage level, a first power supply switch and a second power supply switch in the vehicle power supply system are turned off to cause the main power supply to stop supplying power to the at least one electrical load device.
Specifically, after comparing the output voltage with a first preset voltage threshold, if the output voltage is greater than the first preset voltage threshold, it is indicated that the output voltage satisfies a first voltage level. At this time, by controlling the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch to be turned off, the main power supply can be stopped from continuously supplying power to the at least one electrical load device. Through the mode, at least one electrical load device in the vehicle power supply system can be prevented from being damaged, and further the dangerous condition caused by the damage of the electrical load device in the driving process is avoided.
On the basis of the example described in the above fig. 11, referring to fig. 12, a schematic diagram of a method for overvoltage protection provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1201. a first charging voltage required by the first battery and a second charging voltage required by the second battery are determined.
In this example, the first charging voltage described may reflect an effective voltage value required by the first battery under the current battery condition, i.e., how many volts the main power supply needs to provide to the first battery to effectively charge the first battery, and the aforementioned primary over-voltage fault does not occur. Note that, the battery state of the first storage battery itself may include, but is not limited to, a temperature, a state of health (SOH), a voltage value, a voltage loss, and the like of the first storage battery. In addition, the second storage battery can also determine a corresponding second charging voltage according to the battery state of the second storage battery. The second charging voltage described may reflect an effective voltage value required by the second battery under the current battery condition, i.e., how many volts the main power supply needs to provide to the second battery to effectively charge the second battery, and the aforementioned primary overvoltage fault does not occur. It should be noted that the battery state of the second battery itself may also include, but is not limited to, the temperature, the state of charge SOC, the state of health, the voltage value, the voltage loss, etc. of the second battery 32.
1202. And comparing the first charging voltage with the second charging voltage to obtain a voltage difference value.
1203. And judging whether the voltage difference value is larger than a preset threshold value or not.
In this example, the corresponding voltage difference is obtained by subtracting the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage. Then, the magnitude between the voltage difference and a preset threshold is judged. If the voltage difference is greater than the predetermined threshold, executing the following steps 1204-1206; otherwise, if the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to the predetermined threshold, then steps 1207-1209 are performed.
1204. And when the voltage difference value is greater than a preset threshold value, controlling the closing of a first target switch, wherein the first target switch is a charging switch connected with a storage battery corresponding to the first target voltage, and the first target voltage is the minimum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage.
1205. And outputting a second signal, wherein the second signal is used for indicating the main power supply to supply power to the storage battery connected with the first target switch according to the first target voltage.
1206. And controlling the main power supply to supply power to the storage battery connected with the first target switch according to the first target voltage.
In this example, if the voltage difference is greater than the preset threshold, it is reflected that the difference between the first charging voltage required by the first battery and the second charging voltage required by the second battery is greater, and the states are more unbalanced. Therefore, in order to reduce the voltage difference between the first storage battery and the second storage battery, the first control device should determine the minimum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage, then close the charging switch connected to the storage battery corresponding to the minimum voltage, and then turn on the power supply line between the main power supply and the storage battery corresponding to the minimum voltage. Therefore, the main power supply can be controlled to supply power to the storage battery corresponding to the minimum voltage in the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage, and the voltage is gradually increased to the storage battery corresponding to the minimum voltage, so that the voltage difference between the storage battery and the main power supply is reduced, the voltage balance is realized, and the service life of the storage battery is prolonged.
1207. And when the voltage difference value is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value, controlling the first charging switch and the second charging switch to be closed.
1208. And outputting a third signal, wherein the third signal is used for indicating the main power supply to supply power to the first storage battery connected with the first charging switch and the second storage battery connected with the second charging switch according to a second target voltage, and the second target voltage is the maximum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage.
1209. And supplying power to the first storage battery and the second storage battery according to the second target voltage.
Similarly, if the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold, it means that the difference between the first charging voltage required by the first battery and the second charging voltage required by the second battery is small, and the two batteries are in a substantially unbalanced state. Therefore, in order to be able to reduce the voltage difference between the first and second secondary batteries and to ensure that the low-voltage secondary battery can be charged, the first and second charge switches should be closed, and then the power supply line between the main power supply to the first secondary battery and the second secondary battery should be switched on. Then, the main power supply is controlled to supply power to the first storage battery and the second storage battery according to the maximum voltage of the first storage battery and the second storage battery. Through the mode, when the voltage difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold value, if the main power supply only supplies power to the high-voltage storage battery, the low-voltage storage battery always cannot be charged, and the voltage difference between the storage batteries is larger and larger, so that the first charging switch and the second charging switch are closed by the first control device, the main power supply can supply power to the first storage battery and the second storage battery according to the maximum voltage, the voltage difference between the storage batteries is reduced, and the service life of the storage batteries is prolonged.
It can be understood that, in the present embodiment, the method for implementing the overvoltage protection based on the voltage difference may be specifically understood by referring to part of the contents of the vehicle power supply system described in the foregoing optional examples in fig. 2 to fig. 5, and will not be described herein again.
In addition, in the case where an overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply, if an undervoltage fault occurs in the secondary battery, the situation can be understood with reference to the schematic diagram of the overvoltage protection method shown in fig. 13. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1301. the voltage condition of the first battery and the voltage condition of the second battery are monitored.
1302. And when the voltage condition of the first storage battery reflects that the first storage battery has undervoltage fault or the voltage condition of the second storage battery reflects that the second storage battery has undervoltage fault, the first charging switch, the second charging switch, the first discharging switch and the second discharging switch are controlled to be switched off.
In this example, if the voltage that the battery caused because of circumstances such as self short circuit, overdischarge is less than when rated voltage, then continue to use the battery, then dangerous and influence the life of battery very easily takes place, can only through keeping apart the battery to artifical maintenance battery, in order to avoid the battery to scrap. Therefore, the voltage condition of the first storage battery and the voltage condition of the second storage battery should be continuously monitored, and if the voltage of the first storage battery is lower than the rated voltage, the first storage battery is indicated to have an undervoltage fault; or if the voltage of the second storage battery is lower than the rated voltage, the second storage battery is reflected to have undervoltage fault. Thus, under the condition that the first storage battery has an undervoltage fault or the second storage battery has an undervoltage fault, the first storage battery and the second storage battery are isolated, the storage batteries are prevented from discharging outwards, and power supply is accepted. Specifically, the isolation may be performed by turning off the first charge switch and the first discharge switch, and turning off the second charge switch and the second discharge switch. Not only can keep apart first battery and second battery, but also can guarantee that there is not great difference in the pressure differential between first battery and the second battery.
In summary, the method for overvoltage protection described in fig. 11-13 is mainly applied to the vehicle power system provided in fig. 2-5 (i.e., the vehicle power system includes only one control device). For the method of overvoltage protection applied to the vehicle power supply system described in fig. 6 to 10, it can be understood by specifically referring to the method described in fig. 11 to 13 and the content of the vehicle power supply system described in fig. 6 to 10, and the description is not repeated here.
The foregoing describes the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application mainly in terms of hardware and methods. It will be appreciated that the functionality of the first control means in fig. 2-5 and the first and second control means in fig. 6-10 described above may also be implemented in the form of computer software, and that a person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functionality for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered as beyond the scope of the present application. Further, since the function of the first control apparatus is similar to that of the second control apparatus, only the first control apparatus will be described as an example in the following.
From the perspective of a physical device, the first control device may be implemented by a physical device, or may be implemented by multiple physical devices together, or may be a logic function unit in a physical device, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
For example, the first control means described above may be realized by the first control device in fig. 14. Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a first control device according to an embodiment of the present application. The first control device comprises at least one processor 1401, a memory 1402.
The processor 1401 may be a general-purpose Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (server IC), or one or more ICs for controlling the execution of programs according to the present disclosure.
The memory 1402 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a Random Access Memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, optical disk storage (including compact disk, laser disk, optical disk, digital versatile disk, blu-ray disk, etc.), magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to these. The memory 1402 may be separate, or the memory 1402 may be integrated with the processor 1401.
The memory 1402 is used for storing computer-executable instructions for executing the present invention, and is controlled by the processor 1401 for execution. Processor 1401 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions stored in memory 1402 to implement the method for over-voltage protection provided by the above-described method embodiments of the present application.
In a possible implementation manner, the computer executed instructions in the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as application program codes, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
In particular implementations, processor 1401 may include one or more CPUs such as CPU0 and CPU1 in fig. 14 as an example.
In particular implementations, the first control device may include a plurality of processors, such as processor 1401 and processor 1403 in fig. 14, as an example. Each of these processors may be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor. A processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores that process data (e.g., computer-executable instructions).
From the perspective of functional units, the present application may perform functional unit division on the first control device according to the above method embodiments, for example, each functional unit may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one functional unit. The integrated functional unit can be realized in a form of hardware or a form of software functional unit.
For example, in the case where the respective functional units are divided in an integrated manner, fig. 15 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first control device. As shown in fig. 15, an embodiment of the first control device of the present application may include a monitoring unit 1501 and a processing unit 1502;
a monitoring unit 1501 for monitoring the output voltage generated by the main power supply;
the processing unit 1502 is configured to, when the output voltage satisfies a first voltage class, turn off the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch, so that the main power supply stops supplying power to the at least one electrical load device, where a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage class reflects that a secondary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure that at least one electrical load device in the vehicle power supply system is not damaged when the main power supply has a secondary overvoltage fault, a dangerous phenomenon caused by the damage of the electrical load device is avoided in the driving process. In this way, the monitoring unit 1501 needs to monitor the output voltage generated by the main power supply in real time; and the processing unit 1502 determines whether the output voltage is greater than a first predetermined voltage threshold, which corresponds to a first voltage level; when the output voltage is greater than the first preset voltage threshold, the processing unit 1502 needs to disconnect the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch connected to the main power supply, so that the main power supply can stop supplying power to each of the at least one electrical load device, and thus a path for the main power supply to supply power to each electrical load device is cut off, and it is ensured that each electrical load device does not receive continuous overvoltage power supply from the main power supply when a secondary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply, and each electrical load device is well protected.
In some examples, the processing unit 1502 may be further to: closing the first and second discharge switches to cause the first and second batteries to supply power to the at least one electrical load device prior to opening the first and second power switches.
In this way, the processing unit 1502 firstly closes the first discharge switch and the second discharge switch, and then opens the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch, so that when the path of the main power supply for supplying power to each electrical load device is cut off, each electrical load device is not only well protected; and in the cutting-off process, the power supply can be provided for the electric load device, and the seamless switching from the main power supply to the first lithium battery and the second lithium battery ensures that the electric load device can work without obstacles.
In another possible implementation manner, the processing unit 1502 may be further configured to:
when the output voltage meets a second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, closing the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch to enable the main power supply to supply power to the at least one electrical load device, and opening the first charging switch to enable the main power supply to stop supplying power to the first storage battery, and opening the second charging switch to enable the main power supply to stop supplying power to the second storage battery, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level reflects that a primary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply, and a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level is smaller than a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level.
In this way, after continuously monitoring the output voltage of the main power source, the processing unit 1502 may further determine whether the output voltage satisfies the second voltage level; then, when the output voltage meets the second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch are closed first, so that the output voltage of the main power supply can supply power to at least one electrical load device, and each electrical load device is guaranteed not to stop working due to no electric quantity; finally, the first charging switch is switched off to stop the main power supply to the first storage battery, so that a path for the main power supply to supply power to the first storage battery is cut off, and the first storage battery is prevented from being damaged by overvoltage; similarly, the second charging switch needs to be turned off to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the second storage battery, so that a path for supplying power to the second storage battery by the main power supply is cut off, and the second storage battery is protected from being damaged by overvoltage.
In another possible implementation, the processing unit 1502 may be further configured to:
acquiring a first charging voltage sent by the first storage battery and a second charging voltage sent by the second storage battery, wherein the first charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the first storage battery in the current battery state of the first storage battery, and the second charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the second storage battery in the current battery state of the second storage battery;
comparing the first charging voltage with the second charging voltage to obtain a voltage difference value; closing the first charge switch or a second charge switch based on the voltage difference;
and sending a first signal to the main power supply, wherein the first signal is used for indicating the main power supply to perform voltage compensation on the first storage battery or the second storage battery according to the first charging voltage or the second charging voltage.
In this way, after the first storage battery determines the effective voltage value required by the first storage battery (i.e., the first charging voltage in the foregoing), and the second storage battery determines the effective voltage value required by the second storage battery (i.e., the second charging voltage in the foregoing), the processing unit 1502 closes the first charging switch or the second charging switch based on the voltage difference between the first storage battery and the second storage battery, so that the main power supply performs voltage compensation on the first storage battery or the second storage battery according to the requested first charging voltage or second charging voltage, thereby gradually realizing that the first storage battery and the second storage battery can be charged in a balanced manner in different voltage states, thereby reducing the voltage difference between the first storage battery and the second storage battery, and prolonging the service lives of the first storage battery and the second storage battery.
In another possible implementation manner, the processing unit 1502 may be further configured to:
when the voltage difference value is larger than a preset threshold value, closing a first target switch, wherein the first target switch is a charging switch connected with a storage battery corresponding to a first target voltage, and the first target voltage is the minimum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage;
and sending a second signal to the main power supply, wherein the second signal is used for indicating the main power supply to supply power to a storage battery connected with the first target switch according to the first target voltage.
In this way, in order to reduce the voltage difference between the first storage battery and the second storage battery, the processing unit 1502 determines the minimum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage, and then closes the charging switch to which the storage battery corresponding to the minimum voltage is connected. And then, the main power supply is informed of charging the corresponding storage battery according to the minimum voltage in a mode of sending a second signal to the main power supply, so that the voltage difference between the storage batteries is reduced, and the voltage balance is realized.
In another possible implementation manner, the processing unit 1502 may be further configured to:
when the voltage difference value is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value, closing the first charging switch and the second charging switch;
and sending a third signal to the main power supply, wherein the third signal is used for indicating the main power supply to supply power to a first storage battery connected with the first charging switch and a second storage battery connected with the second charging switch according to a second target voltage, and the second target voltage is the maximum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage.
In this way, when the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold, if the main power supply only supplies power to the high-voltage storage battery, the low-voltage storage battery is always charged, and the voltage difference between the storage batteries is larger and larger, so the processing unit 1502 should close the first charging switch and the second charging switch, so that the main power supply can supply power to the first storage battery and the second storage battery according to the maximum voltage, the voltage difference between the storage batteries is reduced, and the service life of the storage battery is prolonged.
In another possible implementation, the processing unit 1502 may be further configured to:
monitoring a voltage condition of the first battery and a voltage condition of the second battery;
and when the voltage condition of the first storage battery reflects that the first storage battery has an undervoltage fault or the voltage condition of the second storage battery reflects that the second storage battery has an undervoltage fault, the first charging switch, the second charging switch, the first discharging switch and the second discharging switch are switched off.
In the above manner, the processing unit 1502 continuously monitors the voltage condition of the first storage battery and the voltage condition of the second storage battery, and if the voltage of the first storage battery is lower than the rated voltage, it indicates that the first storage battery has an undervoltage fault; or if the voltage of the second storage battery is lower than the rated voltage, the second storage battery is reflected to have undervoltage fault. In this way, in the case of an undervoltage fault of the first storage battery or an undervoltage fault of the second storage battery, the first control device should isolate the first storage battery from the second storage battery, prevent the storage batteries from discharging to the outside, and accept power supply. Specifically, the first control device needs to turn off the first charge switch and the first discharge switch, and turn off the second charge switch and the second discharge switch. Not only can keep apart first battery and second battery, but also can guarantee that there is not great difference in the pressure differential between first battery and the second battery.
In the embodiment of the present application, the first control device is presented in a form of dividing each functional unit in an integrated manner. "functional unit" herein may refer to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a processor and memory that execute one or more software or firmware programs, an integrated logic circuit, and/or other devices that may provide the described functionality. In a simple embodiment, the first control device may take the form shown in FIG. 14 as would occur to those skilled in the art.
For example, the processor 1401 of fig. 14 may cause the first control device to perform the method in any one of the method embodiments of fig. 11-13 by invoking a computer executable instruction stored in the memory 1402.
Specifically, the functions/implementation processes of the monitoring unit 1501 and the processing unit 1502 in fig. 15 can be implemented by the processor 1401 in fig. 14 invoking computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1402.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (19)

1. A vehicular power supply system characterized by comprising:
the power supply system comprises a main power supply, a first control device, a first storage battery, a second storage battery, a first power supply device, a second power supply device and at least one electrical load device, wherein the first power supply device comprises a first power supply switch, and the second power supply device comprises a second power supply switch;
the first end of the first power supply switch is connected with the main power supply, and the second end of the first power supply switch is connected with the first control device; the first end of the second power supply switch is connected with the main power supply, and the second end of the second power supply switch is connected with the first control device;
the main power supply is used for generating an output voltage;
the first control device is configured to:
monitoring the output voltage generated by the primary power source;
when the output voltage meets a first voltage level, disconnecting the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch to enable the main power supply to stop supplying power to the at least one electrical load device, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level reflects that a secondary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply;
the first power supply device further comprises a first charging switch, and the second power supply device further comprises a second charging switch;
the first end of the first charging switch is connected with the third end of the first power supply switch, the second end of the first charging switch is connected with the first storage battery, and the third end of the first charging switch is connected with the first control device;
the first end of the second charging switch is connected with the third end of the second power supply switch, the second end of the second charging switch is connected with the second storage battery, and the third end of the second charging switch is connected with the first control device;
the first control device is further configured to:
when the output voltage meets a second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, closing the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch to enable the main power supply to supply power to the at least one electrical load device, and opening the first charging switch to enable the main power supply to stop supplying power to the first storage battery, and opening the second charging switch to enable the main power supply to stop supplying power to the second storage battery, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level reflects that a primary overvoltage fault occurs to the main power supply, and a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level is smaller than a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level.
2. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the first power supply device further includes a first discharge switch, and the second power supply device further includes a second discharge switch;
the first end of the first discharge switch is connected with the third end of the first power supply switch, the second end of the first discharge switch is connected with the first storage battery, and the third end of the first discharge switch is connected with the first control device; the first end of the second discharging switch is connected with the third end of the second power supply switch, the second end of the second discharging switch is connected with the second storage battery, and the third end of the second discharging switch is connected with the first control device;
the first control device is further configured to:
closing the first and second discharge switches to cause the first and second batteries to supply power to the at least one electrical load device prior to opening the first and second power switches.
3. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the first control device is further configured to:
acquiring a first charging voltage sent by the first storage battery and a second charging voltage sent by the second storage battery, wherein the first charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the first storage battery in the current battery state of the first storage battery, and the second charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the second storage battery in the current battery state of the second storage battery;
comparing the first charging voltage with the second charging voltage to obtain a voltage difference value;
closing the first charge switch or a second charge switch based on the voltage difference;
and sending a first signal to the main power supply, wherein the first signal is used for indicating the main power supply to perform voltage compensation on the first storage battery or the second storage battery according to the first charging voltage or the second charging voltage.
4. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that the first control means is configured to:
when the voltage difference value is greater than a preset threshold value, closing a first target switch, wherein the first target switch is a charging switch connected with a storage battery corresponding to a first target voltage, and the first target voltage is the minimum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage;
and sending a second signal to the main power supply, wherein the second signal is used for indicating the main power supply to supply power to a storage battery connected with the first target switch according to the first target voltage.
5. A vehicular power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that the first control means is configured to:
when the voltage difference value is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value, closing the first charging switch and the second charging switch;
and sending a third signal to the main power supply, wherein the third signal is used for indicating the main power supply to supply power to a first storage battery connected with the first charging switch and a second storage battery connected with the second charging switch according to a second target voltage, and the second target voltage is the maximum voltage of the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage.
6. The vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the first control device is further configured to:
monitoring a voltage condition of the first battery and a voltage condition of the second battery;
and when the voltage condition of the first storage battery reflects that the first storage battery has undervoltage faults or the voltage condition of the second storage battery reflects that the second storage battery has undervoltage faults, the first charging switch, the second charging switch, the first discharging switch and the second discharging switch are switched off.
7. The vehicular power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that any one of the first power supply device and the second power supply device includes the first control device, or neither of the first power supply device and the second power supply device includes the first control device.
8. The vehicular power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first control means includes an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
9. A vehicular power supply system characterized by comprising:
the power supply system comprises a main power supply, a first control device, a first storage battery, a second storage battery, a first power supply device, a second power supply device and at least one electrical load device, wherein the first power supply device comprises the first control device and a first power supply switch, and the second power supply device comprises a second control device and a second power supply switch;
the first end of the first power supply switch is connected with the main power supply, and the second end of the first power supply switch is connected with the first control device;
the first end of the second power supply switch is connected with the main power supply, and the second end of the second power supply switch is connected with the second control device;
the main power supply is used for generating an output voltage;
the first control device is configured to: monitoring the output voltage generated by the main power supply, and when the output voltage meets a first voltage level, turning off the first power supply switch to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the at least one electrical load device, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level reflects that a secondary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply;
the second control device is configured to: monitoring the output voltage generated by the primary power supply and disconnecting the second power supply switch when the output voltage meets the first voltage level to cause the primary power supply to stop supplying power to the at least one electrical load device;
the first power supply device further comprises a first charging switch, and the second power supply device further comprises a second charging switch;
the first end of the first charging switch is connected with the third end of the first power supply switch, the second end of the first charging switch is connected with the first storage battery, and the third end of the first charging switch is connected with the first control device;
the first end of the second charging switch is connected with the third end of the second power supply switch, the second end of the second charging switch is connected with the second storage battery, and the third end of the second charging switch is connected with the second control device;
the first control device is further configured to: when the output voltage meets a second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, closing the first power supply switch to supply power to the at least one electrical load device by the main power supply, and opening the first charging switch to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the first storage battery, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level reflects that a primary overvoltage fault occurs to the main power supply, and is smaller than a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level;
the second control device is further configured to: when the output voltage meets the second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, the second power supply switch is closed to supply power to the at least one electrical load device by the main power supply, and the second charging switch is opened to stop the main power supply from supplying power to the second storage battery.
10. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 9, wherein the first power supply device further includes a first discharge switch, and the second power supply device further includes a second discharge switch;
the first end of the first discharging switch is connected with the third end of the first power supply switch, the second end of the first discharging switch is connected with the first storage battery, and the third end of the first discharging switch is connected with the first control device; the first end of the second discharging switch is connected with the third end of the second power supply switch, the second end of the second discharging switch is connected with the second storage battery, and the third end of the second discharging switch is connected with the second control device;
the first control device is further configured to: closing the first discharge switch to enable the first battery to supply power to the at least one electrical load device prior to opening the first power supply switch;
the second control device is further configured to: closing the second discharge switch to enable the second battery to supply power to the at least one electrical load device prior to opening the second power supply switch.
11. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 9,
the first control device or the second control device is further configured to:
acquiring a first charging voltage sent by the first storage battery and a second charging voltage sent by the second storage battery, wherein the first charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the first storage battery in the current battery state of the first storage battery, and the second charging voltage indicates an effective voltage value required by the second storage battery in the current battery state of the second storage battery;
comparing the first charging voltage with the second charging voltage to obtain a voltage difference value;
the first control device is used for closing the first charging switch according to the voltage difference value; or the like, or a combination thereof,
the second control device is used for closing the second charging switch according to the voltage difference value.
12. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 11, wherein when the voltage difference value is greater than a preset threshold value,
the first control device is configured to: when the first charging voltage is smaller than the second charging voltage, closing the first charging switch to realize voltage compensation of the main power supply to the first storage battery according to the first charging voltage; or the like, or a combination thereof,
the second control device is configured to: and when the first charging voltage is greater than the first charging voltage, closing the second charging switch to realize the voltage compensation of the main power supply to the second storage battery according to the second charging voltage.
13. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 11, wherein when the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold, the first control device is configured to close the first charge switch, and the second control device is configured to close the second charge switch, so that the main power supply compensates the voltage of the first storage battery and the second storage battery according to a second target voltage, wherein the second target voltage is a maximum voltage of the first charge voltage and the second charge voltage.
14. The vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the first control device is further configured to:
monitoring a voltage condition of the first battery;
and when the voltage condition of the first storage battery reflects that the first storage battery has an undervoltage fault, disconnecting the first charging switch and the first discharging switch, and sending a fourth signal to the second control device to instruct the second control device to disconnect the second charging switch and the second discharging switch.
15. The vehicular electric power source system according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the second control device is further configured to:
monitoring a voltage condition of the second battery;
and when the voltage condition of the second storage battery reflects that the second storage battery has an undervoltage fault, disconnecting the second charging switch and the second discharging switch, and sending a fifth signal to the first control device to instruct the first control device to disconnect the first charging switch and the first discharging switch.
16. The vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the second terminal of the second power supply switch is further connected to the first control device, the third terminal of the second discharge switch is further connected to the first control device, and the third terminal of the second charge switch is further connected to the first control device;
the second control device is further configured to: monitoring the operating state of the second control device;
the first control device is further configured to: and when the running state of the second control device reflects that the second control device has running fault, controlling the second power supply switch, the second charging switch or the second discharging switch.
17. The vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the second terminal of the first power supply switch is further connected to the second control device, the third terminal of the first discharge switch is further connected to the second control device, and the third terminal of the first charge switch is further connected to the second control device;
the first control device is further configured to: monitoring the operating state of the first control device;
the second control device is further configured to: and when the running state of the first control device reflects that the first control device has running fault, controlling the first power supply switch, the first charging switch or the first discharging switch.
18. A vehicular power supply system according to any one of claims 9-13, characterized in that the first control means includes a first electronic control unit ECU, and the second control means includes a second electronic control unit ECU.
19. A method of overvoltage protection, applied to a vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or to a vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 9 to 18, the method comprising:
monitoring an output voltage generated by a main power supply in the vehicle power supply system;
judging whether the output voltage meets a first voltage level, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level reflects that a secondary overvoltage fault occurs in the vehicle power supply system;
when the output voltage meets the first voltage level, disconnecting a first power supply switch and a second power supply switch in the vehicle power system to cause the main power supply to stop supplying power to at least one electrical load device;
when the output voltage meets a second voltage level and does not meet the first voltage level, closing the first power supply switch and the second power supply switch to enable the main power supply to supply power to the at least one electrical load device, disconnecting a first charging switch in the vehicle power supply system to enable the main power supply to stop supplying power to the first storage battery, and disconnecting a second charging switch in the vehicle power supply system to enable the main power supply to stop supplying power to the second storage battery, wherein a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level reflects that a primary overvoltage fault occurs in the main power supply, and a voltage value corresponding to the second voltage level is smaller than a voltage value corresponding to the first voltage level.
CN202180000389.8A 2021-02-08 2021-02-08 Vehicle power supply system and overvoltage protection method Active CN112956106B (en)

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