CN112952485A - Compatible charging cable and control method thereof - Google Patents
Compatible charging cable and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112952485A CN112952485A CN202110120877.4A CN202110120877A CN112952485A CN 112952485 A CN112952485 A CN 112952485A CN 202110120877 A CN202110120877 A CN 202110120877A CN 112952485 A CN112952485 A CN 112952485A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/717—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in light source
- H01R13/7175—Light emitting diodes (LEDs)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
- H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
Abstract
The invention discloses a compatible charging cable and a control method thereof, wherein the compatible charging cable comprises a cable body, a USB-A male head and a USB-C male head which are respectively connected with the cable body, the USB-A male head comprises a first power supply pin, a first signal pin, a second signal pin, a third signal pin and a grounding pin, the USB-C male head comprises a first power supply pin, a first signal pin, a second signal pin, a fourth signal pin and a grounding pin, the compatible charging cable also comprises a control module, the control module is installed in the cable body, and the control module connects the fourth signal pin with the first power supply pin according to a response result of power equipment plugged in the USB-A male head so as to realize a common charging mode or connects the fourth signal pin with the third signal pin so as to realize a PD charging mode; according to the invention, the cable can work in a traditional USB-A to USB-C cable mode or in a USB-A charging mode of a USB PD according to the handshake state of the electronic tag chip and the charger.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a charging cable, and more particularly, to a compatible charging cable for automatically identifying a powered device and a control method thereof.
Background
A Serial Bus (USB, english: Universal Serial Bus, abbreviation) is a Serial Bus standard for connecting a computer system and an external device, and is also a technical specification of an input/output interface, and is widely applied to information communication products such as personal computers and mobile devices, and is extended to other related fields such as photographic equipment, digital televisions (set top boxes), game machines, and the like.
The traditional USB is a common interface, which only has 4 lines, two power supplies and two signals, the signals are transmitted in series, the speed can reach 480Mbps, and various industrial and civil requirements can be met. Meanwhile, the maximum output voltage and current of the conventional USB interface are: 5V/1.5A.
With the increasingly stringent requirements of the mobile device on transmission rate, charging power and interface size, a new generation of USB interface USB Type-C is in force. USB Type-C, Type-C for short, is a Universal Serial Bus (USB) hardware interface specification. The new version of the interface is highlighted by a slimmer design, faster transmission speeds (up to 40 Gbps) and more aggressive power transmission (up to 100W). The Type-C supports double-sided insertion of the USB interface, formally solves the worldwide problem that the USB is inserted inaccurately forever, and the front side and the back side are inserted randomly. Meanwhile, the USB data line used with the USB data line is also thinner and lighter.
To support up to 100W of output Power, a complimentary USB Power Delivery Specification (USB PD) was also subsequently introduced. The USB PD protocol can bear 3A or 5A current, the output voltage is up to 20V, a special channel for power transmission protocol communication is defined in an interface, intelligent self-adaptive charging adjustment can be completed between charging and powered equipment, and charging efficiency is improved.
The definition of the male USB Type-C (USB-C for short) is shown in FIG. 1. The pin CC (configuration channel) is a configuration channel which is a key channel newly added in the USB Type-C and has the functions of detecting USB connection, detecting positive and negative insertion, data connection between USB devices, establishing and managing VBUS and the like. FIG. 1 shows the pin definition of the USB Type-C male header.
Referring to fig. 2, in a common USB-C cable, a CC line is connected to CC pins of USB-C male connectors at two sides, so as to implement Type-C handshake and USB PD protocol communication.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, an existing USB3.1 standard Type-a female socket interface structure and Type-a interface definition table are shown, respectively, where pins 1-4 are conventional USB2.0 pins, pins 5, 6, 8, and 9 are USB3.1 high-speed data pins, and pin 7 is a ground pin dedicated to a high-speed signal line.
Fig. 5 and fig. 6 are a schematic diagram of a conventional USB3.1 standard USB-a to USB-C cable structure and a pin comparison diagram of a USB-a to USB-C cable, respectively, and fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a conventional USB-a to USB-C cable connection. The USB PD3.0 protocol provides that the CC pin of the USB-C male on the cable is pulled up to VBUS through an Rp resistor. Therefore, the cable can only support the traditional charging protocol through D +/D-handshake and cannot support the USB PD protocol.
At present, in order to enable a common USA Type-A port (USB-A port for short) charger to support PD protocol fast charging, a part of manufacturers improve a traditional USB-C port charger, and change 7 pins (grounding pins) defined by USB3.1 on a USB female seat into CC pins so that the charger can carry out PD protocol communication. The matched USB-A port of the USB-A-to-USB-C cable also changes the 7 pins into CC pins. Fig. 8 shows a conventional cable connection diagram for converting PD-supported fast charging USB-a to USB-C, however, such a customized cable is not compatible with a USB Type-a charger supporting USB3.1, because when a general USB3.1 USB Type-a charger is charged by using such a cable, the CC _ a pin defined to be grounded on the USB3.1 female socket will pull down the CC level on the USB-C male socket, and the fast charging function cannot be implemented.
Therefore, how to design a compatible cable that can work in both the conventional USB-a to USB-C cable mode and the USB PD fast charging mode is a technical problem to be solved in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks in the prior art, the present invention provides a compatible charging cable for automatically identifying a powered device and a control method thereof.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the compatible charging cable comprises a cable body, a USB-A male head and a USB-C male head, wherein the USB-A male head and the USB-C male head are respectively connected with the cable body; the cable body connects the first power supply pin, the first signal pin, the second signal pin and the grounding pin in the USB-A male connector and the USB-C male connector in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the control module is arranged in the cable body and connects the fourth signal pin with the first power supply pin according to a response result of the power supply equipment plugged on the USB-A male connector, so that a common charging mode is realized, or the fourth signal pin is connected with the third signal pin, so that a PD charging mode is realized
The control module comprises a control unit, a first switch S1 and a second switch S2, wherein the first switch is connected between a first power supply pin and a fourth signal pin in series, and the second switch is connected between a third signal pin and a fourth signal pin in series; the control unit comprises an electronic tag and is connected with the first signal pin and the second signal pin, and the control unit controls one of the first switch and the second switch to be switched off and the other to be switched on according to a response result of the power supply device plugged on the USB-A male connector, so that a common charging mode or a PD charging mode is realized.
In one scheme, a pull-up resistor Rp is connected between the first switch S1 and the first power supply pin in series. And a voltage stabilizing module LDO is connected between the pull-up resistor Rp and the first power supply pin in series.
In another embodiment, the first switch S1 is connected in series with the first power supply pin to connect the current source Ip and the regulator module LDO.
In one aspect, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are electronic switch tubes.
In another embodiment, the first switch S1 is a P-MOS transistor, and the second switch S2 is an N-MOS transistor.
The control module comprises an over-temperature and over-voltage protection module and a third switch S3, the over-temperature and over-voltage protection module is connected between a first power supply pin and the control unit in series, and the third switch is connected between a first signal pin and a ground pin in series; in the event of an over-temperature or over-voltage fault, the control unit controls the third switch to close while opening the second switch S2.
The third switch S3 adopts an N-MOS tube.
In one design, the first power supply pin is a VBUS pin, the first signal pin is a D + pin, the second signal pin is a D-pin, the third signal pin is a CC2A pin, the ground pin is a GND pin, and the fourth signal pin is a CC2C pin.
The invention also discloses a control method of the compatible charging cable, the compatible charging cable adopts the compatible charging cable, and the control method comprises the following steps: step 1, switching on a power supply device and a powered device, and electrifying a control unit; step 2, controlling the first switch S1 to be closed and the second switch S2 to be opened; step 3, the power supply equipment communicates with the control unit through the first signal pin and the second signal pin to inquire whether the charging cable receives the PD protocol; step 4, if the charging cable receives the PD protocol, the power supply equipment enables the control unit to enter a PD charging mode, step 5 is carried out, if the charging cable does not receive the PD protocol, the power supply equipment enables the control unit to enter a common charging mode, and step 2 is carried out; and 5, controlling the first switch S1 to be opened and the second switch S2 to be closed.
In one aspect, in step 3, the power supply device first queries whether the powered device accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin, and the power supply device queries whether the charging cable accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin; in the step 4, if the charging cable and the powered device both accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the PD charging mode, and step 5, if the charging cable or the powered device does not accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the normal charging mode, and step 2 is performed.
In another aspect, in step 3, the power device first queries whether the charging cable accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin, and the power device queries whether the powered device accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin; in the step 4, if the charging cable and the powered device both accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the PD charging mode, and step 5, if the charging cable or the powered device does not accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the normal charging mode, and step 2 is performed.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention solves the defect that the traditional USB-A to USB-C cable does not support the USB PD quick charge, and solves the defect that the USB-A to USB-C cable matched with the customized USB-A charger supporting the USB PD quick charge is incompatible with the traditional USB-A charger supporting the USB3.1 standard although supporting the USB PD quick charge; according to the handshaking state of the electronic tag chip and the charger, the cable can work in a traditional USB-A-to-USB-C cable mode and support the traditional USB-A charger; the cable can also work in a CC communication mode and supports a USB-A charging mode of the USB PD; meanwhile, the device has the advantages of small volume, simplicity, easy use, good stability and easy implementation.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples and figures, in which:
FIG. 1 is a table of prior art USB Type-C male header definitions;
FIG. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of a prior art USB Type-C cable;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional USB3.1 standard Type-A female socket interface structure;
FIG. 4 is a table of the definition of the existing USB3.1 Standard Type-A interface;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a conventional USB-A to USB-C cable structure;
FIG. 6 is a pin comparison diagram of a conventional USB3.1 standard USB-A to USB-C cable;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a conventional USB-A to USB-C cable connection;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a conventional cable connection supporting PD fast charging USB-A to USB-C;
FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a USB-A to USB-C cable of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a functional block diagram of the USB-A to USB-C cable connection of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a control flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of the present invention replacing the pull-up resistor with a current source;
FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of the present invention with MOS replacing the switch;
FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention discloses a compatible charging cable, which comprises a cable body, a USB-A male head and a USB-C male head, wherein the USB-A male head and the USB-C male head are respectively connected with the cable body; the control module is arranged in the cable body and connects the fourth signal pin with the first power supply pin according to a response result of the power supply device plugged in the USB-A male connector, so that a common charging mode is realized, or the fourth signal pin is connected with the third signal pin, so that a PD charging mode is realized. Referring to FIG. 9, a schematic block diagram is shown, wherein VBUS is a power supply line, and the VBUS of the USB-A male connector and the VBUS of the USB-C male connector are connected and power is supplied to the electronic tag chip. The CC2A is a communication line connecting the CC2A of the control module and the CC2A of the USB-a male connector. The CC2C is a communication line connecting the CC2C of the control module and the CC2C of the USB-C male connector. D + and D-are also communication lines which are connected with the D +/D-of the male head of the USB-A, the D +/D-of the male head of the USB-C and the D +/D-of the control module. And the GND is a ground wire of a power supply and communication and is connected with a GND pin of the USB-A male connector, a GND pin of the USB-C male connector and a GND pin of the control module. The cable controls the working states of the switch S1 and the switch S2 through D +/D communication handshake of the electronic tag chip in the control module and the charger, and controls whether the charging cable works in a traditional USB-A-to-USB-C cable mode or a USB PD communication mode.
Referring to fig. 10, a schematic block diagram of a cable connected to an external device is shown, in which a left USB-a male plug is plugged into a power device, and a right USB-C male plug is plugged into a powered device. When the charging cable is plugged into the power supply device, the VBUS starts to be powered on, and the control module (also called an electronic tag chip) starts to perform initialization work. By default, S1 is on, S2 is off, and CC2C is pulled up to an internal power supply by the Rp resistor. This is the mode of a conventional USB-a to USB-C cable. The charging handshake of the power device and the powered device can only communicate through D +/D-at this time. When the electronic tag chip receives the identification and verification information request sent by the power supply equipment, the electronic tag chip replies the request and controls the working state of the electronic tag chip. When the electronic tag chip replies that the charger supports the USB PD communication function, S2 is switched on, and S1 is switched off, the CC2A and the CC2C of the electronic tag chip are short-circuited, and the charger and the powered device realize CC connection and support the USB PD communication. At this time, if both the power device and the powered device support USB PD charging, the charger may initiate USB PD handshaking. When the electronic tag chip replying charger does not support the USB PD communication function, S1 is kept on, and S2 is kept off, at the same time, the charger and the powered device can only support the charging protocol based on D +/D-.
Referring to the functional block diagram of one embodiment shown in fig. 9, the control module includes a control unit, a first switch S1 connected in series between a first power supply pin and a fourth signal pin, and a second switch S2 connected in series between a third signal pin and the fourth signal pin; the control unit comprises an electronic tag and is connected with the first signal pin and the second signal pin, and the control unit controls one of the first switch and the second switch to be switched off and the other to be switched on according to a response result of the power supply device plugged on the USB-A male connector, so that a common charging mode or a PD charging mode is realized.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, a pull-up resistor Rp is connected in series between the first switch S1 and the first power supply pin. By default, S1 is on, S2 is off, and CC2C is pulled up to an internal power supply by the Rp resistor. This is the mode of a conventional USB-a to USB-C cable.
In an optimized scheme, a voltage regulator module LDO is connected between the pull-up resistor Rp and the first power supply pin in series. The stability of first power supply pin voltage is improved, and the interference resistance is improved.
According to the Type-C specification of USB-IF, the pull-up of the CC line can be in the form of a resistor or a current source. Referring to fig. 12, a current source Ip and a regulator module LDO are connected in series between the first switch S1 and the first power supply pin. The solution can also be said to replace the pull-up resistor with a current source.
In another embodiment, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are electronic switch tubes.
Referring to fig. 13, in another embodiment, the first switch S1 is implemented by P-MOS transistors and the second switch S2 is implemented by N-MOS transistors. This scheme can also be said to replace the switch with a MOS. The pull-up resistor can also adopt a resistor of 56k omega, and the CC2C is pulled up to a 5V internal voltage source of the electronic label chip through the resistors S1 and 56k omega.
Referring to fig. 14, which shows a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control module includes an over-temperature and over-voltage protection module and a third switch S3, the over-temperature and over-voltage protection module is connected in series between the first power supply pin and the control unit, and the third switch is connected in series between the first signal pin and the ground pin; in the event of an over-temperature or over-voltage fault, the control unit controls the third switch to close while opening the second switch S2. When the over-temperature and over-voltage protection module detects the over-temperature fault of the chip or the over-voltage fault of the VBUS, the electronic tag chip controls the electrical states of the D +/D-communication line and the internal S1/S2 switch, and the fault protection of the charging system is achieved. In the preferred embodiment, the third switch S3 is implemented as an N-MOS transistor with a transistor drop of 0.4V, pulling D + low below 0.4V in the event of a detected fault.
In a preferred embodiment, the first power supply pin is a VBUS pin, the first signal pin is a D + pin, the second signal pin is a D-pin, the third signal pin is a CC2A pin, the ground pin is a GND pin, and the fourth signal pin is a CC2C pin.
The invention also discloses a control method of the compatible charging cable, the compatible charging cable adopts the compatible charging cable, and referring to fig. 11, the control method comprises the following steps:
In an embodiment, in step 3, the power supply device firstly queries whether the powered device accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin, and then queries whether the charging cable accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin; in the step 4, if the charging cable and the powered device both accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the PD charging mode, and step 5, if the charging cable or the powered device does not accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the normal charging mode, and step 2 is performed.
In another embodiment, in step 3, the power supply device firstly queries whether the charging cable accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin, and then the power supply device queries whether the powered device accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin; in the step 4, if the charging cable and the powered device both accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the PD charging mode, and step 5, if the charging cable or the powered device does not accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the normal charging mode, and step 2 is performed.
The foregoing examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. Any equivalent modifications or variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application should be included in the claims of the present application.
Claims (13)
1. A compatible charging cable comprises a cable body, a USB-A male head and a USB-C male head, wherein the USB-A male head and the USB-C male head are respectively connected with the cable body; the cable body connects the first power supply pin, the first signal pin, the second signal pin and the grounding pin in the USB-A male connector and the USB-C male connector in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the control module is arranged in the cable body and connects the fourth signal pin with the first power supply pin according to a response result of the power supply device plugged in the USB-A male connector, so that a common charging mode is realized, or the fourth signal pin is connected with the third signal pin, so that a PD charging mode is realized.
2. The compatible charging cable of claim 1; the control module comprises a control unit, a first switch (S1) and a second switch (S2), wherein the first switch is connected between a first power supply pin and a fourth signal pin in series, and the second switch is connected between a third signal pin and a fourth signal pin in series; the control unit comprises an electronic tag and is connected with the first signal pin and the second signal pin, and the control unit controls one of the first switch and the second switch to be switched off and the other to be switched on according to a response result of the power supply device plugged on the USB-A male connector, so that a common charging mode or a PD charging mode is realized.
3. The compatible charging cable of claim 2; and a pull-up resistor (Rp) is connected between the first switch (S1) and the first power supply pin in series.
4. A compatible charging cable according to claim 3; and a voltage stabilizing module (LDO) is connected between the pull-up resistor (Rp) and the first power supply pin in series.
5. The compatible charging cable of claim 2; and a current source (Ip) and a voltage regulator module (LDO) are connected between the first switch (S1) and the first power supply pin in series.
6. The compatible charging cable of claim 2; the first switch (S1) and the second switch (S2) adopt electronic switch tubes.
7. The compatible charging cable of claim 2; the first switch (S1) adopts a P-MOS tube, and the second switch (S2) adopts an N-MOS tube.
8. A compatible charging cable according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein; the control module comprises an over-temperature and over-voltage protection module and a third switch (S3), the over-temperature and over-voltage protection module is connected between a first power supply pin and the control unit in series, and the third switch is connected between a first signal pin and a ground pin in series; in the event of an over-temperature or over-voltage fault, the control unit controls the third switch to close while opening the second switch (S2).
9. The compatible charging cable of claim 8; the third switch (S3) adopts an N-MOS tube.
10. The compatible charging cable of claim 1; the first power supply pin is a VBUS pin, the first signal pin is a D + pin, the second signal pin is a D-pin, the third signal pin is a CC2A pin, the grounding pin is a GND pin, and the fourth signal pin is a CC2C pin.
11. A control method of compatible charging cable is characterized in that; the charging cable adopts the compatible charging cable of any one of claims 1 to 10, and the control method comprises the following steps:
step 1, switching on a power supply device and a powered device, and electrifying a control unit;
step 2, controlling the first switch (S1) to be closed and the second switch (S2) to be opened;
step 3, the power supply equipment communicates with the control unit through the first signal pin and the second signal pin to inquire whether the charging cable receives the PD protocol;
step 4, if the charging cable receives the PD protocol, the power supply equipment enables the control unit to enter a PD charging mode, step 5 is carried out, if the charging cable does not receive the PD protocol, the power supply equipment enables the control unit to enter a common charging mode, and step 2 is carried out;
and 5, controlling the first switch (S1) to be opened and the second switch (S2) to be closed.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein; in the step 3, the power supply equipment firstly queries whether the powered equipment accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin, and then queries whether the charging cable accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin; in the step 4, if the charging cable and the powered device both accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the PD charging mode, and step 5, if the charging cable or the powered device does not accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the normal charging mode, and step 2 is performed.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein; in the step 3, the power supply equipment firstly inquires whether the charging cable accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin, and then inquires whether the powered equipment accepts the PD protocol through the first signal pin and the second signal pin; in the step 4, if the charging cable and the powered device both accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the PD charging mode, and step 5, if the charging cable or the powered device does not accept the PD protocol, the power device instructs the control unit to enter the normal charging mode, and step 2 is performed.
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| CN116226010A (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-06-06 | 成绎半导体(苏州)有限公司 | USB PD interface circuit, data line and charging method |
| CN116522983A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-08-01 | 深圳英集芯科技股份有限公司 | Electronic tag chip and charging cable |
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| CN112952485B (en) | 2021-12-07 |
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