CN112951193A - Method for designing sound absorber of parallel connection unequal-depth back cavity micro-perforated plate - Google Patents
Method for designing sound absorber of parallel connection unequal-depth back cavity micro-perforated plate Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for designing a sound Absorber of a Micro-perforated plate with parallel unequal-depth back Cavities, which relates to the technical field of noise reduction of compact sound absorbers of Micro-perforated plates with Periodic parallel unequal-depth back Cavities, and aims to provide a method for designing a sound Absorber of a Micro-perforated plate with parallel unequal-depth back Cavities, which can quickly guide the depth design of a PCD-MPA (Micro-formed Panel Absorber with Periodic Cable contaminants of Difference-depth) cavity, realize noise reduction of a target frequency band, make the PCD-MPA structure more compact and reduce the space occupation, and has the technical key points of measuring the characteristics of a noise spectrogram and determining the frequency band of a noise peak; determining a frequency band where a sound absorption peak value of the PCD-MPA is located according to a frequency band where the noise peak value is located; preliminarily simulating the cavity width, the cavity depth and the MPP parameters of the PCD-MPA, and drawing a sound absorption coefficient curve according to a PCD-MPA sound absorption coefficient prediction method; the technical effect is that the obtained lx-f alpha, max graph can rapidly guide the design of the PCD-MPA cavity depth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of noise reduction of compact type micro-perforated plate sound absorbers periodically connected in parallel with unequal-depth back cavities, in particular to a design method of the sound absorbers of the micro-perforated plate connected in parallel with the unequal-depth back cavities.
Background
The micro-perforated plate sound absorber (MPA) is composed of a perforated plate with the surface perforation diameter reaching the silk level and a resonant cavity with a certain depth, when sound emitted by a sound source is transmitted to small holes of the micro-perforated plate, the aperture wall generates damping and friction effects on the transmitted sound, so that the transmitted sound energy is attenuated, and the energy is reduced, namely the sound absorption principle of the MPA. Different sound absorption characteristics can be obtained according to different combinations of four main parameters (perforation rate, aperture, plate thickness and back cavity depth) of the sound absorption device so as to meet different sound absorption requirements, and the sound absorption device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience and reliability in processing and installation, no need of internally applying porous sound absorption materials and the like.
However, the main sound absorption frequency band of the sound absorber is only near the resonance sound absorption peak, and the high sound absorption coefficient cannot be realized on a wide frequency band, so that the MPA is limited in practical use, in order to widen the effective sound absorption bandwidth of the MPA, back cavities with different depths are designed on the thickness of the micro-perforated plate, which is one of the common methods, but the volume of the sound absorber is increased due to the deep back cavity, and the structure is not compact enough, so that the volume of the sound absorber is required to be reduced as much as possible while the sound absorption frequency band is widened; secondly, if the quantitative relation between the depth of the back cavity and the resonance sound absorption peak frequency band of the sound absorber can be given, the back cavity of the sound absorber can be designed as required, and the targeted sound absorption and noise reduction can be realized. At present, no patent of invention aiming at a design method of a compact micro-perforated plate sound absorber with parallel unequal-depth back cavities is published.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for designing a sound Absorber of a parallel connection unequal depth back cavity Micro-perforated plate, which can quickly guide the depth design of a PCD-MPA (Micro-formed Panel Absorber with Periodic characteristics of differential-depth) cavity, realize the noise reduction of a target frequency band, enable the structure of the PCD-MPA to be more compact and reduce the space occupation.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for designing a sound absorber of a micro-perforated plate with parallel back cavities with unequal depths comprises the following steps:
and 6, recording various parameters of the PCD-MPA.
Preferably, the PCD-MPA sound absorption coefficient prediction method is used for completing the numerical modeling work of the PCD-MPA by means of finite element analysis software COMSOL Multiphysics, and predicting the sound absorption performance of the PCD-MPA when sound waves are incident at different angles.
Preferably, in the modeling process, appropriate simplification is made on the premise of not influencing the accuracy of the calculation result: firstly, the sound absorber is of a uniform section on an xy plane, so that a three-dimensional model is simplified into a two-dimensional model; secondly, the separating plate in the PCD back cavity is extremely thin, the position of the separating plate is only represented by a straight line without representing the thickness in geometric modeling, and the influence caused by the vibration of the structure is ignored.
Preferably, in the finite element simulation model of PCD-MPA, two acoustic action domains are included: pressure acoustics and thermal viscous acoustics, wherein a thermal-acoustic coupling boundary is formed at the joint part of two action areas, the left end of a virtual impedance tube is adjacent to a perfect matching layer, and a non-reflection boundary condition is set to simulate an infinite acoustic diffusion field; the MPP local reaction surface is on the right and the aforementioned specific acoustic impedance ZMPP is defined to the boundary.
Preferably, the basic method for adjusting the cavity sequence of the PCD-MPA is to arrange a cavity with a smaller depth in the middle, and the depth of the cavity is gradually increased from the middle to the two sides.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for designing a sound absorber of a parallel connection unequal-depth back cavity micro-perforated plate, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the lx-f alpha, max graph obtained by the method can rapidly guide the design of the depth of the PCD-MPA cavity.
2. PCD-MPA parameters including cavity depth, cavity width and MPP parameters are designed as required, and noise reduction of a target frequency band is realized.
3. By curling the cavities, the PCD-MPA structure is more compact, and the occupied space is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PCD-MPA two-dimensional structure;
FIG. 2 is a finite element numerical simulation model (a) physical model of PCD-MPA; (b) finite element simulation gridding model;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the results of the analytical calculation of PCD-MPA with the results of the finite element simulation to verify (a) the angle of incidence; (b) an angle of incidence; (c) an angle of incidence; (d) the surface energy flux density distribution diagram of the PCD-MPP at 780Hz and 2460Hz, and the arrows represent the size and the direction;
FIG. 4 is the effect of PCD-MPA cavity depth on normal incidence sound absorption coefficient;
FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are the analysis of the relationship between the depth of the PCD-MPA cavity and the resonance sound absorption frequency band;
FIG. 6 is a relation curve of the depth lx of the PCD cavity and the resonant sound absorption frequency band f alpha, max;
FIG. 7 is a verification of a relation curve between the PCD-MPP cavity depth lx and the resonant sound absorption frequency band f alpha, max;
FIG. 8 is a summary of the design methodology of the PCD-MPA;
FIG. 9 is a sound pressure level spectral characteristic of a certain noise;
FIG. 10 is a preliminary PCD-MPA sound absorption coefficient curve;
FIG. 11 is a graph of sound absorption coefficient of PCD-MPA after adjustment of the depth of the back cavity;
FIG. 12 is a graph of sound absorption coefficient for compact PCD-MPA meeting sound absorption requirements.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-12, a method for designing a sound absorber with micro-perforated plates having different back cavities connected in parallel, comprising the following steps:
and 6, recording various parameters of the PCD-MPA.
On the basis of straight-cavity 3-order PCD-MPA with depth sequences of 25mm, 49mm and 76mm and cavity width b of 1mm, newly adding cavities with depths of 303, 10 and 5 respectively to form [ 303; 25; 49; 76, 10; 25; 49; 76 and [5 ]; 25; 49; 76] three PCD's, and [ 25; 49; 76], analyzing the change of the sound absorption peak, and finding that the larger the depth of a newly added cavity is, the closer the sound absorption peak is to the low frequency as shown in fig. 4, so that it can be speculated that cavities with the depths of 303mm, 10mm and 5mm respectively correspond to the sound absorption peaks with the frequencies of 240Hz, 2500Hz and 3500 Hz.
And determining the corresponding cavity depth according to the corresponding relation. Taking a second-order PCD-MPA with the cavity width of 1mm as an example, the depth of one cavity is kept unchanged, the depth of the other cavity is changed, and the movement of the sound absorption peak is observed, so that the corresponding relation between the cavity depth and the sound absorption peak frequency band can be obtained.
Fig. 1 of fig. 5(a) shows [ 303; 5 and [303 ]; 10 and [303 ]; 15], [ 303; 20], [ 303; 25], [ 303; 35] sound absorption coefficient curves of 2-order PCD-MPA of six depth sequences, as can be seen from the figure, the sound absorption peaks of cavities with the depths of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 35mm are respectively located in frequency bands of 3460, 2350, 1860, 1620, 1350 and 1140Hz, and meanwhile, corresponding normal incidence sound absorption coefficient curves of the cavity depths (the parameters of the micro-perforated plate are the same) in the sound absorption structure of the micro-perforated plate are also drawn, as shown in figure 2 of figure 5(a), the first resonance sound absorption frequency bands of the cavity depths at MPP are respectively 1220Hz, 1480Hz, 1700Hz, 1980Hz, 2460Hz and 3555Hz, and the resonance sound absorption frequencies of the MPP sound absorption structure and the PCD-MPA sound absorption structure are slightly different in sound absorption principle, and have an offset of about 100Hz, but have good correspondence overall.
Along with the gradual approach of the cavity depth to 303mm, the sound absorption peak of the cavity gradually approaches, and the two peak values are merged, so that the judgment of the frequency band where the peak value is located is influenced.
Now with [ 150; 10, 100; 10 and [70 ]; 10 and [50 ]; 10] four sequences of sound absorption coefficient curves for 2 nd order PCD-MPA (cavity width b ═ 1mm) were studied. As can be seen from fig. 5(b), the sound absorption peaks of the cavities with depths of 50mm, 70 mm, 100 mm and 150mm are respectively at frequency bands of 960 Hz, 760Hz, 580 Hz and 420 Hz. These depths of the cavity are shifted in the absorption peak band by about 20Hz in a single layer MPP. The low frequency sound absorption peak is offset by a small amount compared to the high frequency.
According to the method, the quantitative relation between a plurality of groups of cavity depths lx and sound absorption peak frequency bands f alpha and max is counted to obtain a table 2, the data in the table 2 are drawn into a scatter diagram and are fitted to obtain a relation curve as shown in fig. 6, wherein the relation curve is obtained based on 2-order PCD-MPA with a cavity width of 1mm, and the MPP parameter is d-t-0.4 mm, and p-1.8%.
Table 2: statistical table of corresponding relation between PCD cavity depth lx and resonant sound absorption frequency band f alpha, max
In the sequence [ 189; 76; 49; 25; 10] for example, the lx-f α, max plot is verified as being suitable for a 5 th order PCD-MPA (two on the left side of FIG. 7). In the lx-f α, max plot of fig. 7, each depth cavity corresponds to point A, B, C, D, E, and the sound absorption peaks are located at 360Hz, 750Hz, 1000Hz, 1450Hz, and 2460Hz, respectively; in the sound absorption coefficient curve, sound absorption peaks a, b, c, d and e are respectively positioned at 360Hz, 740Hz, 940Hz, 1400Hz and 2460 Hz. The lx-f alpha and max graph line can accurately predict the sound absorption peak position of each depth cavity of the 5-order PCD-MPA from low frequency to medium-high frequency.
It is now verified whether the lx-f α, max plot applies to a PCD-MPA with a cavity width b of 10mm (fig. 7, two panels to the right), in the sequence [ 25; 49; 76; 10] for example. In the lx-f α, max plot of fig. 7, each depth cavity corresponds to point C, B, A, D, and the sound absorption peaks are located at 750Hz, 1000Hz, 1450Hz, and 2460Hz, respectively; in the sound absorption coefficient curve, sound absorption peaks a, b, c and d are respectively positioned at 760Hz, 940Hz, 1400Hz and 2460 Hz. When the width of the cavity is 10mm, the lx-f alpha, max graph can also accurately predict the sound absorption peak position of the cavity with each depth.
In summary, the lx-f α, max graph is provided based on the condition that the MPP parameter is d ═ t ═ 0.4mm, and p ═ 1.8%, and can rapidly guide the design of PCD-MPA with different cavity widths and different orders, and has higher precision. The PCD-MPA cavity depth and the resonance sound absorption frequency under other MPP parameters can be plotted by the same method.
The method for predicting the sound absorption coefficient of the PCD-MPA is characterized in that numerical modeling work of the PCD-MPA is completed by means of finite element analysis software COMSOL Multiphysics, and the sound absorption performance of the PCD-MPA is predicted when sound waves are incident at different angles.
In the modeling process, proper simplification is performed on the premise of not influencing the accuracy of a calculation result: firstly, the sound absorber is of a uniform section on an xy plane, so that a three-dimensional model is simplified into a two-dimensional model; secondly, the separating plate in the PCD back cavity is extremely thin, the position of the separating plate is only represented by a straight line without representing the thickness in geometric modeling, and the influence caused by the vibration of the structure is ignored.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic two-dimensional structure of a PCD-MPA. FIGS. 1(a), 1(b) are respectively a straight-cavity and compact (rolled) PCD-MPA, and the relevant parameters and description are shown in Table 1. The sound absorber unit with N parallel sub-back cavities is called N-order PCD-MPA, b is the width of a single sub-back cavity, the thickness of an extremely thin partition plate is ignored, and T is equal to Nxb and is the total width of a periodic back cavity. In fig. 1(a), after three straight cavities are arranged in parallel at the MPP, the depths of the straight cavities are lx1, lx2 and lx3, and the three straight cavities are curled to form a rectangular back cavity which is regular in external shape and contains a plurality of partition plates and is shown in fig. 1(b), and the rectangular back cavity is connected with the rectangular back cavity through the sub-back cavity equivalent depth lx, wherein lt is the thickness of the compact PCD-MPA.
Table 1: the main parameters of PCD-MPA
In the finite element simulation model of the PCD-MPA, two acoustic action domains are included: pressure acoustics and thermal viscous acoustics, wherein a thermal-acoustic coupling boundary is formed at the joint part of two action areas, the left end of a virtual impedance tube is adjacent to a perfect matching layer, and a non-reflection boundary condition is set to simulate an infinite acoustic diffusion field; the MPP local reaction surface is on the right and the aforementioned specific acoustic impedance ZMPP is defined to the boundary.
Now take a three-step PCD-MPA with a cavity width of 1mm as an example, the cavity depth sequence is [25, 49, 76], and the MPP parameter is. The method comprises the steps of calculating the oblique incidence sound absorption coefficient of the PCD-MPA shown in the figure 1(a) by using a numerical analysis method, calculating the oblique incidence sound absorption coefficient shown in the figure 1(b) by using finite element simulation, and verifying the accuracy of the oblique incidence sound absorption coefficient prediction method by comparing the coincidence degree of sound absorption coefficient curves of the two sound absorption coefficients.
The comparative results are shown in FIG. 3. The research shows that: when sound waves are incident at different angles, the sound absorption coefficient analysis calculation result of the PCD-MPA is almost completely consistent with the finite element simulation result, which shows that the theoretical prediction method for the sound absorption performance of the PCD-MPA is reasonable and feasible. The two frequency points at 780Hz and 2460Hz in FIG. 3(a) are intercepted, and the energy flow density distribution of the sound absorber surface of the parallel straight cavity and the curled sub-back cavity is shown in FIG. 3 (d). The observation shows that: under the same frequency, the PCD-MPA surface energy flux density distribution conditions of the parallel straight cavity and the curled sub-back cavity are completely the same, the resonance of the sub-back cavities l2 and l3 and the air column in the hole neck is strong at 780Hz, the sound absorption coefficient can reach 0.99, the sub-back cavity l1 plays a leading role in the whole sound absorption mechanism at 2460Hz, and the sound absorption coefficient is 0.78.
In conclusion, the theoretical prediction method for the sound absorption performance of the PCD-MPA is feasible and effective, and the curled sub-back cavity can save space and ensure that the sound absorption performance is not changed. When the PCD structure is complex, the sound absorption performance of the PCD-MPP can be accurately predicted only by solving the equivalent depth sequence.
The basic method for adjusting the cavity sequence of the PCD-MPA is to arrange a cavity with smaller depth in the middle, the depth of the cavity from the middle to the two sides is gradually increased, and the PCD-MPA structure is more compact and the occupied space is reduced by curling the cavities.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for designing a sound absorber of a micro-perforated plate with parallel back cavities with unequal depths is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preliminarily determining PCD order, cavity width, depth sequence and MPP parameters according to the size of the cross section of a pipeline, and drawing a preliminary sound absorption coefficient curve according to a PCD-MPA sound absorption coefficient prediction method;
step 2, observing the sound absorption coefficient curve, finding out a sound absorption valley, obtaining the cavity depth corresponding to the sound absorption valley according to the lx-f alpha, max graph, setting the cavity with the depth to improve the sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorption valley, adjusting the depth sequence of the PCD, and redrawing the sound absorption coefficient curve of the PCD-MPA;
step 3, continuously repeating the process step 2 until a sound absorption coefficient curve meeting the requirement is obtained, and recording corresponding PCD-MPA parameters;
step 4, for the PCD-MPA which meets the sound absorption requirement after the cavity depth is adjusted, the PCD-MPA cavity sequence is adjusted, and the cavity depth is finely adjusted so as to be convenient to curl, and the PCD-MPA with a compact structure is obtained;
step 5, after the cavity depth is finely adjusted, redrawing a curled PCD-MPA sound absorption coefficient curve, observing whether the curve meets the design requirement, and if not, returning to the step 2 to continue optimization until the requirement is met;
and 6, recording various parameters of the PCD-MPA.
2. The design method of the parallel unequal depth back cavity micro-perforated plate sound absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method for predicting the sound absorption coefficient of the PCD-MPA is characterized in that numerical modeling work of the PCD-MPA is completed by means of finite element analysis software COMSOLMUTIPhysics, and the sound absorption performance of the PCD-MPA is predicted when sound waves are incident at different angles.
3. The method for designing the sound absorber with the micropunch plates with the back cavities being connected in parallel and different depths as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: in the modeling process, proper simplification is performed on the premise of not influencing the accuracy of a calculation result: firstly, the sound absorber is of a uniform section on an xy plane, so that a three-dimensional model is simplified into a two-dimensional model; secondly, the separating plate in the PCD back cavity is extremely thin, the position of the separating plate is only represented by a straight line without representing the thickness in geometric modeling, and the influence caused by the vibration of the structure is ignored.
4. The method for designing the sound absorber with the micropunch plates with the back cavities being connected in parallel and different depths as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: in the finite element simulation model of PCD-MPA, two acoustic action domains are included: pressure acoustics and thermal viscous acoustics, wherein a thermal-acoustic coupling boundary is formed at the joint part of two action areas, the left end of a virtual impedance tube is adjacent to a perfect matching layer, and a non-reflection boundary condition is set to simulate an infinite acoustic diffusion field; the MPP local reaction surface is on the right and the aforementioned specific acoustic impedance ZMPP is defined to the boundary.
5. The design method of the parallel unequal depth back cavity micro-perforated plate sound absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the basic method for adjusting the cavity sequence of the PCD-MPA is to arrange the cavity with smaller depth in the middle, and the depth of the cavity is gradually increased from the middle to the two sides.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116108672A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-05-12 | 南京声远声学科技有限公司 | Outdoor sound propagation prediction model construction method based on geographic information system |
| CN116935821A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-10-24 | 苏州声邃声学科技有限公司 | Design method of PCD-MPP sound absorber of broadband microperforated panel |
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2021
- 2021-02-02 CN CN202110145993.1A patent/CN112951193A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116108672A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-05-12 | 南京声远声学科技有限公司 | Outdoor sound propagation prediction model construction method based on geographic information system |
| CN116108672B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2024-01-23 | 南京声远声学科技有限公司 | Outdoor sound propagation prediction model construction method based on geographic information system |
| CN116935821A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-10-24 | 苏州声邃声学科技有限公司 | Design method of PCD-MPP sound absorber of broadband microperforated panel |
| CN116935821B (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-12-29 | 苏州声邃声学科技有限公司 | Design method of PCD-MPP sound absorber of broadband microperforated panel |
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