CN112950079B - Green space supply and demand data processing method and system, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a green space supply and demand data processing method and a system, which comprises the following steps: obtaining greenfield data and population data of a target area on a map from a data source, the greenfield data comprising greenfield raster data, the population data comprising population raster data; obtaining the per-person greenbelt supply area of each grid in the target area according to the greenbelt data and the population data; acquiring the required area of the per-person green space of each grid in the target area on the map from a data source; and obtaining the green space supply and demand evaluation data of the target area according to the per-person green space supply area and the per-person green space demand area. According to the technical scheme, the target area is subdivided into the grid scale, the green space supply and demand indexes which are refined to the grid scale can be obtained, the actual supply and demand conditions are objectively reflected, and scientific data reference is provided for the related planning scheme. The method can also be used for identifying the spatial position of a newly planned green land, and the supply and demand deficit of the green land is reduced to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a computer data processing method, in particular to a data processing method and system applied to green space supply and demand, computer equipment and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
The urban green land has various ecological benefits and plays an important role in the life quality and physical and psychological health of residents. Therefore, the governments in various places use the planning and construction of urban green land as a hand grip project for implementing ecological civilization thought and building beautiful China. However, for a long time, urban green land planning takes the per capita green land area and the forest coverage as management indexes, and how to optimize the spatial layout of the green land needs scientific guidance methods and implementation tools. Therefore, the research on the urban green space supply and demand data evaluation technology with clear space is a problem which needs to be solved urgently in urban green space planning and construction at present.
At present, a supply and demand data processing method for urban green space planning generally takes forest coverage, per capita green space area and the like of county scale as evaluation index parameters, but the spatial precision of the technology is insufficient, and the position of green space planning cannot be determined. Secondly, most greens are evaluated with the administration as the unit of evaluation, but the actual residents' visit to the greens depends on the distance from the greens and the quality of the greens, not the administration boundary. Therefore, the current green space supply and demand data processing method cannot reflect the real supply and demand relationship, and is difficult to provide scientific data reference for related planning schemes.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a method and a system for processing green space supply and demand data, a computer device and a computer readable storage medium, which can accurately evaluate the green space supply and demand conditions.
The application provides a green space supply and demand data processing method, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining greenfield data and population data of a target area on a map from a data source, the greenfield data comprising greenfield raster data, the population data comprising population raster data;
obtaining the per-person greenbelt supply area of each grid in the target area according to the greenbelt data and the population data;
acquiring the required area of the per-person green space of each grid in the target area on the map from a data source;
and obtaining the green space supply and demand evaluation data of the target area according to the per-person green space supply area and the per-person green space demand area.
In one embodiment, obtaining the per-person greenfield supply area of each grid in the target area according to the greenfield data and the population data comprises the following steps:
obtaining a green space population ratio of each green space grid according to the green space data and the population data;
and obtaining the per-person green space supply area of each grid in the target area according to the green space population ratio of the green space grids.
In one embodiment, the obtaining the greenfield population ratio of each greenfield grid according to the greenfield data and the population data comprises:
wherein S j Green space area of green space grid j, d 0 Serving the green space with radius, d kj Is the distance between the population grid k and the greenfield grid j, which is less than or equal to the greenfield service radius d 0 ，p k For a grid of the populationPopulation number of k, f (d) kj ) Is a function of attenuation. R j Green land population ratio for green land grid j;
the obtaining the per-person greenbelt supply area of each grid in the target area according to the greenbelt population ratio of the greenbelt grids comprises the following steps:
wherein Su i Supply area, R, for the per-capita greenfield of grid i j Green space population ratio of green space grid j, d ij Is the distance between grid j and grid i of the green space, which is less than or equal to the green space service radius d 0 ，f(d ij ) Is a function of attenuation.
In one embodiment, the greenfield data comprises greenfield raster data of different greenfield types;
obtaining a per-person greenfield supply area for each grid in the target area based on the greenfield data and the population data, comprising:
obtaining the per-person green space supply area under the green space type corresponding to each grid in the target area according to each green space type in the green space type sequence of the green space data;
and accumulating the per-green-land supply areas of all the green-land types for each grid to obtain the per-green-land supply area for each grid.
In one embodiment, obtaining the per-person green space supply area under the green space type corresponding to each grid in the target area according to each green space type in the sequence of the green space types of the green space data includes the following steps:
obtaining a greenfield population ratio for each greenfield grid under the greenfield type according to the greenfield data and the population data, comprising:
wherein S is r，j Green space area of r-type green space grid j, d 0，r Serving radius of greenfield for r-class greenfield, d kj Is the distance between the population grid k and the greenfield grid j, the distance being less than or equal to r-class greenfieldGreen field service radius d 0，r ，p k The population number of the population grid k, f (d) kj ) Is a function of attenuation. R r，j Green land population ratio of r type green land grid j;
obtaining the per-person greenbelt supply area under the greenbelt type of each grid in the target area according to the greenbelt population ratio, and the method comprises the following steps:
wherein, su r，i Providing the per-capita greenfield supply area, R, for the R-type greenfield of grid i r，j Green space population ratio of r-type green space grid j, d ij Distance between green space grid j and grid i, the distance being less than or equal to green space service radius d of r type green space 0，r 。
In one embodiment, the demographic data includes demographic grid data for different demographic categories; obtaining the per-person greenbelt supply area of each grid in the target area according to the greenbelt data and the population data, and the method comprises the following steps:
obtaining a green space population ratio of each green space grid according to the green space data and the population data;
and obtaining the per-person greenbelt supply area of each grid under the target crowd category according to the greenbelt population ratio.
In one embodiment, the obtaining the green space population ratio of each green space grid according to the green space data and the population data comprises:
wherein S is j Green land area of green land grid j, d 0，g1 、d 0，g2 、d 0，gn Serving radii, d, for greenfield corresponding to crowd categories g1, g2, gn, respectively kj Distance between population grid k and green space grid j, the distance being less than or equal to green space service radius, p, corresponding to the population category k，g1 、p k，g2 、p k，gn Are respectively the populationThe grid k belongs to the population numbers of the population categories g1, g2, gn, f (d) kj ) Is a function of attenuation. R j Greenfield population ratio for greenfield grid j;
the obtaining of the per-person greenbelt supply area of each grid under the target crowd category according to the greenbelt population ratio comprises the following steps:
wherein, su gn，i Supplying area, R, to the per-green space of the crowd category gn on grid i j Green space population ratio of green space grid j, d 0，gn Serving the green space corresponding to the crowd category gn with a radius, d ij Is the distance between grid j and grid i of the green space, which is less than or equal to the green space service radius d 0，gn ，f(d ij ) Is a function of attenuation.
A greenfield supply and demand data processing system, comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring green space data and population data of a target area on a map from a data source, wherein the green space data comprises green space raster data, and the population data comprises population raster data;
the green space supply module is used for obtaining the per-person green space supply area of each grid in the target area according to the green space data and the population data;
the green space demand module is used for acquiring the per-person green space demand area of each grid in the target area on the map from the data source;
and the supply and demand evaluation module is used for obtaining the green space supply and demand evaluation data of the target area according to the per-person green space supply area and the per-person green space demand area.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for greenfield supply and demand data processing.
A computer device, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; and the processor is used for realizing the steps of the green space supply and demand data processing method when executing the computer program.
According to the technical scheme, when the supply and demand data are processed, the target area is subdivided to the grid scale, the green space supply and demand index data which are refined to the grid scale can be obtained, and the actual supply and demand condition is objectively reflected. Based on the fine evaluation result of the grid scale, the technical scheme of the application can obtain supply and demand data of different administrative scales, and scientific data reference is provided for related planning schemes.
In addition, the technical scheme of the application can also be used for identifying the space position of a newly planned green land, reducing the supply and demand deficit of the green land to the maximum extent and improving the benefit of green land investment.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles and effects of the invention.
Unless otherwise specified or defined, the same reference numerals in different figures represent the same or similar technical features, and different reference numerals may be used for the same or similar technical features.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a green space supply and demand data processing method according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the grid scale homo greenfield supply and demand area of the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the administrative scale red-letter supply and demand area of the green space of the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the administrative scale greenbelt supply and demand deficit population ratio of an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of green space supply areas of different green space types of the second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the supply and demand area and the percentage of red-letter population in the green space of the different crowd types according to the third embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad application. Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
The urban green land construction is a gripper project for implementing ecological civilization and constructing 'beautiful China'. The reasonable green land planning layout can purify and beautify the environment, and improve the living quality and the physical and mental health level of residents. In the current city planning, the green land data processing method can only calculate indexes such as forest coverage rate of streets and counties, per capita park area and the like, and cannot identify the specific position of the green land planning. According to the green space supply and demand data processing method, the green space supply and demand data of each grid are obtained by calculating the green space supply and the green space demand of the grid scale. The green space supply and demand data can help identify the spatial position of a newly planned green space, reduce the supply and demand deficit of the green space to the maximum extent and improve the benefit of green space investment.
As shown in fig. 1, a first embodiment of the method for processing supply and demand data in a green space of the present application includes the following steps:
s10, obtaining greenbelt data and population data of a target area on a map from a data source, wherein the greenbelt data comprise greenbelt raster data, and the population data comprise population raster data;
specifically, the target area refers to a research area in which the user is interested, and may include administrative units such as cities, counties, streets and the like. The target area includes greenbelts and populated areas, and accordingly, the data associated with the target area includes greenbelts data and population data. After the target area is divided into grids, the grids corresponding to the land utilization classified green land are green land grids, and the grids corresponding to the land utilization classified living area are population grids. The green space grid data comprises data of green space area, green space type and the like of the green space grid; the population grid data includes population numbers of the population grid. The greenfield data can also comprise data such as greenfield service radius, greenfield type classification in the target area and the like, and the population data can also comprise data such as crowd category proportion, population total number of the target area and the like. Further, when the target area is further subdivided into different scales according to the administrative unit, for example: the target area is a city, the city can be further subdivided into streets, and the population data can also comprise the population total number in each administrative unit.
In the above data, the green service radius refers to a radius corresponding to a green grid within which residents within a large radius of the perimeter of the green grid will arrive at the green. The green space service radius is usually a set value, and can be from the green space service radius in the green space planning, and can also be from survey data of the behavior of residents visiting the green space. The green space service radius can also be related to a green space type, and the green space service radii corresponding to different green space types are different. The greenfield type may be classified according to natural attribute features of the greenfield, such as waterfront greenfield, grassland, forest, etc., and may also be classified according to management attribute features, such as synthetic parks, community parks, etc. The green space service radius can also be related to the crowd category, wherein the crowd category can be divided according to the following steps: sex, age, etc. For example, younger people may reach greens farther, i.e., have a larger radius of green service, than older people.
The data sources for greenfield data and demographic data may be of various types and sources. For example: demographic data can be extracted through urban area demographic data; green space data such as green space service radius, green space type and the like can be obtained from the green space planning file; the service radius of the greens can also be obtained from survey data, such as: the visit survey of the resident to the surrounding green space obtains green space data such as a green space service radius, and the visit survey of the population groups to the surrounding green space obtains green space data such as a green space service radius suitable for the population groups.
In one embodiment, the source of the green space grid data acquisition may include the following:
1. interpretation by remote sensing: satellite remote sensing data such as sentinels, high scores, american NASA terrestrial satellite (Landsat) and the like are downloaded, and green land grid data are extracted through remote sensing interpretation.
2. And acquiring data of land utilization or green land distribution from planning, homeland and garden departments, and extracting green land grid data.
3. Land utilization data is obtained from free public websites, and green land grid data such as data of Qinghua university are extracted: http:// data.ess.tsinghua.edu.cn/; http:// www.iuems.com/.
4. Land utilization data can also be purchased from related companies to obtain green land grid data, such as a geographic national situation monitoring cloud platform (http:// www.dsac.cn /); resource environmental science and data center (http:// www.resdc.cn /); national earth systems science data center (http:// www. Geodata. Cn /).
5. And extracting the green land by using the google image to obtain green land grid data.
The acquisition sources of the population grid data may include the following:
1. publishing free web sites to download demographic grid data, such as: https:// www.world.org/; http:// www.iuems.com/; population data set (GHSL): https:// ghsl.
2. Downloading population data of street scales from a government statistical website; then downloading the street vector layer of the target area (downloading the website such as http:// www.dsac.cn/;. Http:// www.resdc.cn /); associating the demographic data downloaded at the government statistical website with the street vector map layer in geographic information system software (hereinafter abbreviated as ArcGIS); in ArcGIS, the population of a street is divided by the area of the street to obtain population density, and the population density is converted into a population grid pattern layer in units of people/grids by a grid calculator to obtain population grid data.
3. Downloading the population data of street scales from a government statistical website, and then downloading a street vector layer of a target area (downloading a website address such as http:// www.dsac.cn/;// www.resdc.cn /); associating the demographic data downloaded from the statistical website with the street vector map layer in ArcGIS; downloading a Chinese city land utilization data set (http:// data. Ess. Tsinghua. Edu. Cn /) developed by Qinghua university, and extracting 'residential land' from ArcGIS; the population of the street is distributed to the residential land to obtain a population density map layer, and the population density map layer is converted into a population grid map layer in units of people/grids through a grid calculator to obtain population grid data.
Data sources for green space service radii may include:
1. government planning, landscaping, united nations and other departments and organizations have standards on the service radius of greenbelts, and the united nations recommends 300m and has international and domestic common usage of 300m-800m.
2. Actually investigating the use condition of residents on the green land, establishing a regression equation of the distance (Dis) from the residents to the green land and the visit times (Q) by using a Travel Cost model (Travel Cost) or Poisson regression, and obtaining the negative reciprocal (-1/beta) of the distance coefficient Dis ) I.e., the greenfield service radius.
In the paris zone in the embodiment, the green space raster data of the paris zone comes from an open data platform (https:// data. Ileddeefance.fr/explorer/dataset/mode-customization-du-sol-mos-en-11-spots-en-2017/information /), the population raster data is downloaded to an iris (the smallest statistical unit in france, which is equivalent to a street in china) scale in https:// www.instee.fr/static/3627376 as shown in the acquisition source three of the population raster data, and the population raster data is obtained after being processed by ArcGIS. The service radius of the green space is unified based on the recommended service radius of the green space of the united nations (300 m).
And S20, acquiring the per-person green space supply area of each grid in the target area according to the green space data and the population data.
In one embodiment, the process of step S20 may include the following steps:
s210, obtaining a green space population ratio of each green space grid according to the green space data and the population data;
specifically, a circle may be formed by taking any one of the green space grids in the target area as a center of the circle and the green space service radius as a radius, the population numbers corresponding to the population grids located within the circle are accumulated to obtain the population number within the circle, and then the green space area corresponding to the green space grid is divided by the population number to obtain the green space population ratio of the green space grid. The above calculation is performed for each greenfield grid within the target area to obtain a greenfield population ratio for each greenfield grid.
Based on the principle of calculating the greenfield population ratio of the greenfield grid, as an embodiment, the calculation formula may be:
wherein S j Green space area of green space grid j, d 0 Serving the green space with radius, d kj Is the distance between the population grid k and the greenfield grid j, which is less than or equal to the greenfield service radius d 0 ，p k The population number of the population grid k, f (d) kj ) Is a decay function. R j Is the greenfield population ratio of the greenfield grid j.
And S211, acquiring the per-person green space supply area of each grid in the target area according to the green space population ratio of the green space grid.
Specifically, after the green space population ratio of each green space grid in the target area is obtained, a circle is formed with any one of the grids in the target area as the center and the green space service radius as the radius, and the green space population ratios of all the green space grids located within the range of the circle are added up to obtain the per-capita green space supply area of the grid. The above calculation is performed for each grid within the target area to obtain the per-person greenfield supply area for each grid.
Based on the principle of calculating the per-person greenfield supply area for each grid, as an example, the calculation formula may be:
wherein Sup i Supply area, R, for the per-capita greenfield of grid i j Green space population ratio, d, for green space grid j ij Is the distance between grid j and grid i of the green space, which is less than or equal to the green space service radius d 0 ，f(d ij ) Is a decay function.
And S30, acquiring the required area of the human-average green land of each grid in the target area on the map from the data source.
In one embodiment, the required area of the per-capita greens can be obtained by the following two methods:
in the method 1, a government planning document referring to the target area is referred to, and a planning target related to the 'per-person green space area' is taken as the per-person green space required area.
And 2, if survey data of the residents on the green space demand in the target area are collected, determining the area of the per-capita green space demand according to the survey data.
And S40, obtaining the green space supply and demand evaluation data of the target area according to the per-capita green space supply area and the per-capita green space demand area.
In one embodiment, the per-person greenfield supply and demand area for each grid may be obtained by subtracting the per-person greenfield demand area from the per-person greenfield supply area for each grid. The per-capita greenbelt supply and demand area at the grid scale of the target area is shown in fig. 2. If the per-capita greenbelt supply and demand area of the grid is a negative value, the greenbelt supply and demand of the grid is red in greenbelt.
After obtaining the per-capita greenbelt supply and demand area with the grid scale, various greenbelt supply and demand evaluation data can be further obtained, such as: the population number of people who are in the green space with the deficit, the area of the green space with the deficit, the population number of people who are in the green space with the deficit from different population categories, and the like.
The method for obtaining the area of the green space red character comprises the following steps: and multiplying the per-capita green space supply and demand area of each grid by the number of the population of the grid to obtain the green space supply and demand deficit area of each grid, and adding the green space supply and demand deficit areas of all the grids to obtain the green space deficit area.
Further, the target area may be further subdivided according to different administrative scales, and the areas of the green space red characters are respectively calculated on the different administrative scales, that is: and adding the green land supply and demand areas of all grids in the green land red within the administrative unit range to obtain the green land red area of each administrative unit. For example: the areas of the greenfield deficit can be calculated for more than one thousand and three hundred administrative units similar to counties in Paris as the target area, so that the areas of the greenfield supply and demand deficit with the administrative scale shown in FIG. 3 can be obtained.
The method for acquiring the total population number of the people who are in the green space with the deficit of supply and demand comprises the following steps: and adding the population numbers corresponding to all the grids with the green space deficit in supply and demand to obtain the population number with the green space deficit in supply and demand.
Further, the target area can be further subdivided according to different administrative scales, and the total population number of the greenbelt with the deficit in supply and demand is respectively calculated on the different administrative scales, so that the population proportion of the greenbelt with the deficit in supply and demand of different administrative units is obtained, namely: adding the population numbers of all grids with the supply and demand deficit in the greenbelts in the administrative unit range, and dividing the population numbers by the population numbers of all grids with the supply and demand deficit in the greenbelts in the target area to obtain the population proportion of the supply and demand deficit in the greenbelts of different administrative units. Thereby obtaining the population proportion of the administrative scale shown in figure 4 with the red supply and demand in the green land.
The method for acquiring the total population number of different population categories in the green space with the red supply and demand comprises the following steps: calculating the product of the population number of each grid with the green space demand and supply as the green space deficit and the proportion of the population type, thereby obtaining the population number of the grid corresponding to the population type and in the green space deficit, accumulating all the grids with the green space demand and supply as the green space deficit and corresponding to the population number of the population type and in the green space deficit, and obtaining the total population number of the population type in the green space deficit in the target area. The formula is as follows:
wherein, balance cap，i < 0 means that the supply and demand area of the man-shared green space of the grid i is negative, i.e. the grid i is in a red character of the green space, p i Is the population number of grid i, pr gn，i The proportion of the population group gn in the total population of the grid i can be from the proportion of the population class of the target area, and can also be from the proportion of the population class of the administrative unit in the target area to which the grid i belongs, pop def，gn，adm The total number of population groups gn that are in a red space for supply and demand for the target area.
Furthermore, the target area can be further subdivided according to different administrative scales, and the total population number of different population categories in the red of supply and demand in the green space is respectively calculated on different administrative scales, namely: the population numbers of all grids belonging to the administrative unit range (such as the street) and corresponding to the population class in the green space with the red character are added, so that the population numbers of different population classes of the administrative scale in the green space with the red character of supply and demand are obtained.
Furthermore, the target area can be further subdivided according to different administrative scales, and the population ratio of different population categories in the green space with different supply and demand deficit is calculated on the different administrative scales, that is: adding the population numbers of all grids belonging to the administrative unit range (such as streets) corresponding to the green space red character of the population category, and dividing the sum by the total population number of the population category in the administrative unit to obtain the population ratio corresponding to the green space red character of the population category on different administrative units.
According to the green space supply and demand data processing method, the grid scale division is carried out on the target area, and the green space grid data and the population grid data are used for calculation, so that the green space supply and demand result of the grid scale can be obtained. Therefore, the precision of the evaluation is greatly improved, a fine evaluation result is provided, and the specific position of the green space planning can be guided. In addition, the technical scheme can calculate the supply and demand data on different administrative scales, and obtain various supply and demand evaluation indexes related to planning management, such as the area of the red word of the green space, the total population number of the supply and demand red word of the green space in the sub-population category and the like, so that comprehensive and scientific data support can be provided for the green space planning.
Since the urban green space planning only considers the area of the green space and does not consider the requirements of different groups on different green space types, the second embodiment of the application combines the resident rest preference reflected in the survey visit data with the spatial quantitative evaluation of the urban dimension, thereby further guiding the green space planning to establish what type of green space.
Specifically, the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the method of calculating the per-person green space feeding area, that is, the method of calculating the per-person green space feeding area for each grid in the target area from the green space data and the population data.
The method for calculating the supply area of the person-shared greenbelt in the second embodiment comprises the following steps:
s220: calculating the greenfield population ratio of each r-type greenfield grid;
for each green space grid with the green space type of r in the target area, the calculation formula of the green space population ratio is as follows:
wherein S is r，j Green space area of r-type green space grid j, d 0，r Serve radius of greenfield for class r greenfield grid, d kj Distance between population grid k and green space grid j, the distance being less than or equal to green space service radius d of class r green space grid 0，r ，p k The population number of the population grid k, f (d) kj ) Is a function of attenuation. R r，j Is the greenfield population ratio of the r-type greenfield grid j.
S221: calculating the r-type human-average green space supply area of each grid;
after the green space population ratio for each green space grid in the target area is obtained, the green space population ratios for all r-class green space grids within the green space service radius of the r-class green space are added up, respectively, centering on each grid in the target area, thereby obtaining the per-person green space supply area corresponding to the r-class green space of the grid as shown in fig. 5.
The calculation formula is
Wherein Su r，i Providing an area for R-class greenfield per average greenfield, R, of grid i r，j Green space population ratio of r type green space grid j, d ij Distance between green space grid j and grid i, the distance being less than or equal to green space service radius d of r-class green space grid 0，r 。
S222: the per-person greenfield supply area for each grid was calculated.
Specifically, the calculation steps of S220 and S221 are repeated for all the green space types dividing the green space, thereby obtaining the human-average green space supply area for all the green space types for each grid, and then the human-average green space supply areas for all the green space types for each grid are added up to obtain the human-average green space supply area for each grid.
The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein Sup r，i The per-person greenfield supply area for the R types of greenfields of grid i, R being the total number of classifications of the greenfield types, sup i Supplying area for the person-averaged greenfield of grid i.
After obtaining the per-capita greenbelt supply area, the following steps are the same as those of the first embodiment, please refer to the first embodiment, which will not be described herein again.
Wherein the green space service radius d of the r-type green space grid 0，r The obtaining method of (a) may be:
1. investigating the use condition of residents on green lands, and establishing regression equations of the distances (Dis) between residents and the green lands, green land type factors r (such as synthetic parks and community parks), green land type factors and distance interaction terms (Dis r) and access times (Q) by using Travel Cost models (Travel Cost) or Poisson regression, namely:
calculation of-1/(β) Dis +β Dis*r ) Obtaining the green space service radius d of r-type green space 0，r ；
2. Government green space planning files and national standards set service radiuses of different types of green spaces of cities, and the service radiuses d can be used as the green space service radiuses d of r types of green spaces 0，r 。
For example: according to the local survey data in Paris, the travel time of residents willing to different types of greenbelts is acquired by combining the literature and is 23 minutes in a park, 18 minutes in an urban forest, 29 minutes in a park with water and 24 minutes in a forest with water (Ta et al, 2020). Assuming a person walking at a speed of 3-4 miles per hour, the resulting service radii for the different greens are: 2158m,1689m,2721.2m,2252m.
The second embodiment can reflect the supply of greenbelts of different greenbelt types because the greenbelts are divided according to the greenbelt types, so that the preference of crowds for different greenbelt types can be considered when guiding the greenbelt planning position.
Because the existing methods do not consider the difference of the accessibility of different crowd categories to the green space, the third embodiment of the application obtains the per-person green space supply and demand area and the green space supply and demand deficit population ratio under different crowd categories by calculating the difference of the supply and demand of the green space of different crowd categories, as shown in fig. 6, thereby being capable of further guiding the green space planning to reasonably plan the green space position according to the preference distribution of different crowd categories, in particular to vulnerable groups such as the old.
Specifically, the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the method of calculating the human-greens supply area, that is, the human-greens supply area of the third embodiment is set under the crowd category defining condition.
The method for calculating the supply area of the person-shared green space in the third embodiment comprises the following steps:
s230: calculating a greenfield population ratio of each greenfield grid;
the green service radii relative to different crowd categories are different for the same green space grid. Therefore, when calculating the population number in the green space service radius of the green space grid, the population number needs to be calculated according to the green space service radius of different population classes.
The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein S is j Green land area of green land grid j, d 0，g1 、d 0，g2 、d 0，gn Are respectively asGreenfield service radius, d, relative to the crowd categories g1, g2, gn kj Distance between population grid k and green space grid j, the distance being less than or equal to green space service radius, p, corresponding to the population category k，g1 、p k，g2 、p k，gn The population numbers of the population grid k belonging to the population categories g1, g2, gn, respectively, f (d) kj ) Is a function of attenuation. R j Is the greenfield population ratio of the greenfield grid j.
S231: the per-person greenfield supply area for each grid under the set crowd category is calculated.
After the green space population ratio of each green space grid in the target area is obtained, the green space population ratios of all green space grids within the green space service radius corresponding to the set crowd type are accumulated by taking each grid in the target area as the center, and the per-person green space supply area of the grid under the set crowd type is obtained.
The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein Su gn，i Providing an area for the grid i to the per-person greens of the set crowd category gn, R j Green space population ratio of green space grid j, d ij Distance between green land grid j and grid i, which is less than or equal to green land service radius d relative to set crowd category gn 0，gn ，f(d ij ) Is a function of attenuation.
After obtaining the per-capita greenbelt supply area, the remaining steps are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the following steps are referred to the first embodiment and will not be described again. Thereby obtaining the area of the green space red characters under the crowd types set in the target area, the population number of the supply and demand red characters in the green space, and the population number of the green space red characters in the sub-crowd types.
Wherein the green space service radius d relative to the crowd category gn 0，gn The obtaining method comprises the following steps: actually investigating the use condition of residents on the green land, and establishing the distance (Dis) of the residents from the green land, the crowd grouping factor g (such as age) and the interaction between the grouping factor and the distance by using a Travel Cost model (Travel Cost) or Poisson regressionRegression equations for terms (Dis g) and access times (Q), i.e.:
calculation of-1/(β) Dis +β Dis*g ) I.e. the green space service radius d relative to the crowd category gn 0，gn 。
The third embodiment of the application can calculate the green space supply and demand relations of different crowd categories, particularly the green space supply and demand relations of the vulnerable groups. Therefore, the method is applied to the green space planning, and can help to increase the social fairness of the green space planning.
Attenuation function f (d) in green space supply and demand data processing method of the present application ij ) Which may be gaussian, binary, exponential, nuclear density, and poisson distribution functions. Since the poisson distribution function is the most commonly used distribution for statistically analyzing counting data, the poisson distribution function can be used to better simulate the decay of the service (the visit volume of residents) of the greens with distance. Therefore, the decay function f (d) in the green space supply and demand data processing method of the present application ij ) Preferably a poisson distribution function. The formula is as follows:
wherein d is ij Distance between green land grid j and grid i, d 0 Is the negative inverse of the coefficient from the front in the poisson regression, i.e. the service radius of the greenfield.
The application also discloses a greenery patches supply and demand evaluation system, it includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring green land data and population data of a target area on a map from a data source, wherein the green land data comprises green land raster data, and the population data comprises population raster data;
the green space supply module is used for obtaining the per-person green space supply area of each grid in the target area according to the green space data and the population data;
the green space demand module is used for acquiring the per-person green space demand area of each grid in the target area on the map from the data source;
and the supply and demand evaluation module is used for obtaining the green space supply and demand evaluation data of the target area according to the per-person green space supply area and the per-person green space demand area.
For specific definition of the green space supply and demand evaluation system, reference may be made to the definition of the green space supply and demand data processing method above, and details are not described here. The various modules in the green space supply and demand assessment system can be wholly or partially implemented by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The modules can be embedded in a hardware form or independent of a processor in the industrial edge terminal, and can also be stored in a memory in the industrial edge terminal in a software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of the modules.
Of course, the method in the present application may also be other apparatuses, such as a computer device or a computer readable medium, for implementing the corresponding functions.
Although the present application has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, therefore, the scope of the present application should be determined by the claims that follow.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory. The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, may implement the information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data.
Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include non-transitory computer readable media (transmyedia), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Claims (4)
1. A green space supply and demand data processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing a target area on a map into a plurality of grids, determining grids corresponding to land utilization classified as green areas as green area grids, and determining grids corresponding to land utilization classified as residential areas as population grids; the target area refers to a research area in which the user is interested, including a city, a county or a street;
obtaining greenfield data for the greenfield grid and population data for the population grid from a data source, the greenfield data including a greenfield area, a greenfield type, a greenfield service radius for the greenfield grid; the population data comprises population number and population category proportion of the population grid;
obtaining the per-user greenbelt supply area on each grid in the target area, the per-user greenbelt supply area under different greenbelt types on each grid in the target area, and the per-user greenbelt supply area under the set crowd category on each grid in the target area according to the greenbelt data and the population data;
acquiring the required area of the per-person green space of each grid in a target area on a map from a data source;
obtaining the per-person green space supply and demand area of each grid according to the per-person green space supply area on each grid in the target area, the per-person green space supply area under different green space types on each grid in the target area, the per-person green space supply area under the set crowd category on each grid in the target area and the per-person green space demand area;
obtaining the green space supply and demand evaluation data of the target area according to the per-person green space supply and demand area of each grid;
the method for calculating the per-person greenbelt supply area on each grid in the target area comprises the following steps: obtaining a greenfield population ratio for each greenfield grid according to the greenfield data and the population data; obtaining the per-person green space supply area of each grid in the target area according to the green space population ratio of the green space grid;
the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein S is j Green land area of green land grid j, d 0 Serving the green space with radius, d kj Is the distance between the population grid k and the greenfield grid j, which is less than or equal to the greenfield service radius d 0 ，p k Is the population number of the population grid k, f (d) kj ) Is a decay function; r is j Green land population ratio for green land grid j;
the method for calculating the per-person green space supply area under different green space types under each grid in the target area comprises the following steps: obtaining a greenfield population ratio of each greenfield grid under each greenfield type according to the greenfield data and the population data; obtaining the per-person green space supply area of each grid in the target area under different green space types according to the green space population ratio; accumulating the supply areas of all the greenbelt types of the people per green area of each grid to obtain the supply areas of the people per green area under different greenbelt types under each grid; obtaining a green space population ratio of each green space grid under each green space type according to the green space data and the population data, wherein the green space population ratio comprises the following steps:
wherein S is r，j Green land area, d, of a class r green land grid j 0，r Serving radius of greenfield for r-class greenfield, d kj Distance between population grid k and greenfield grid j, the distance being less than or equal to greenfield service radius d of class r greenfield 0，r ，p k The population number of the population grid k, f (d) kj ) As a function of attenuation, R r，j Green space population ratio for r-class green space grid j;
obtaining the per-person greenbelt supply area of each grid in the target area under each greenbelt type according to the greenbelt population ratio, and the method comprises the following steps:
wherein, su r，i Providing the per-capita greenfield supply area, R, for the R-type greenfield of grid i r，j Green space population ratio of r-type green space grid j, d ij Distance between green space grid j and grid i, the distance being less than or equal to green space service radius d of r type green space 0，r ；f(d ij ) Is an attenuation function, wherein the attenuation function f (d) ij ) Is a poisson distribution function, and the formula is:
d 0 the negative reciprocal of the coefficient from the front in the Poisson regression, namely the service radius of the green land;
wherein the green space service radius d of the r-type green space grid 0，r The obtaining method comprises the following steps:
investigating the use condition of residents on green land, and establishing a return based on the distance from the residents to the green land, the green land type factor, the interaction item of the green land type factor and the distance and the visit times by Poisson regressionA regression equation comprising:
calculation of-1/(β) Dis +β Dis*r ) Greenfield service radius d as class r greenfield 0，r Wherein Dis represents the distance between the residents and the greenbelt, r represents a greenbelt type factor, dis r represents a greenbelt type factor and distance interaction item, and Q represents the access times;
the method for calculating the per-capita greenbelt supply area under the set crowd category on each grid in the target area comprises the following steps: obtaining a greenfield population ratio of each greenfield grid according to the greenfield data and the population data and a greenfield service radius of each crowd category; obtaining the per-person greenbelt supply area under the set crowd category on each grid according to the greenbelt population ratio;
wherein the obtaining of the green space population ratio for each green space grid according to the green space data and the population data and the green space service radius for each crowd category comprises:
wherein S is j Green land area of green land grid j, d 0，g1 、d 0，g2 、d 0，gn Serve the green space radius, d, corresponding to the crowd categories g1, g2, gn, respectively kj Distance between population grid k and green space grid j, the distance being less than or equal to green space service radius, p, corresponding to the population category k，g1 、p k，g2 、p k，gn The population numbers of the population grid k belonging to the population categories g1, g2, gn, respectively, f (d) kj ) As a function of attenuation, R j Greenfield population ratio for greenfield grid j;
each grid is arranged according to the population ratio of the green landDetermining the per-capita greenbelt supply area under the crowd category, comprising:
wherein, sup gn，i Supplying area, R, to the per-green space of the crowd category gn on grid i j Green space population ratio of green space grid j, d 0，gn Serving the green space corresponding to the crowd category gn with a radius, d ij Is the distance between grid j and grid i of the green space, which is less than or equal to the green space service radius d 0，gn ，f(d ij ) Is a decay function;
wherein the green space service radius d relative to the crowd category gn 0，gn The obtaining method comprises the following steps:
investigating the use condition of residents on a green land, and establishing a regression equation based on the distances between the residents and the green land, the crowd grouping factors, distance interaction terms and visit times by using Poisson regression, wherein the regression equation comprises the following steps:
calculation of-1/(β) Dis +β Dis*g ) As a green space service radius d relative to the crowd category gn 0，gn The method comprises the following steps of A, obtaining a population grouping factor, dis, G, Q and D, wherein Dis represents the distance between residents and a green land, g represents a population grouping factor, dis g represents a population grouping factor and distance interaction item, and Q represents access times;
the greenbelt supply and demand assessment data of the target area comprise: the per-person green space supply and demand area of each grid, the population total in the green space supply and demand deficit, the area of the green space deficit, and the population total in the green space supply and demand deficit of different population categories.
2. The greenfield supply and demand data processing method according to claim 1, wherein the demographic data includes population numbers of a population grid of different population categories; the obtaining a greenfield population ratio for each greenfield grid according to the greenfield data and the population data comprises:
obtaining a greenfield population ratio for each greenfield grid according to the greenfield data and the population data and a greenfield service radius for each of the population categories;
and the obtaining of the per-person greenfield supply area of each grid in the target area according to the greenfield population ratio of the greenfield grids comprises:
and obtaining the per-person greenbelt supply area of each grid under the target crowd category according to the greenbelt population ratio.
3. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the greenfield supply and demand data processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.
4. A computer device, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; a processor for implementing the steps of the method for green space supply and demand data processing according to any one of claims 1 to 2 when executing said computer program.
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