CN112949222B - Method and system for optimizing transverse course stability of quasi-waverider configuration and lifting body - Google Patents
Method and system for optimizing transverse course stability of quasi-waverider configuration and lifting body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a system and a lifting body for optimizing the lateral course stability of a quasi-waver configuration, which are provided by the embodiment of the application, the method can repair an original quasi-waver, a projection plane is generated by changing the included angle between an initial plane where a front edge line is positioned and a horizontal plane, a new front edge line is generated by projecting the front edge line of the original quasi-waver configuration on the projection plane, the position of the front edge line is adjusted by adjusting the included angle between the initial plane and the horizontal plane, and then the upper inverse characteristic of the lower surface of the quasi-waver is changed, so that the lateral course stability of the quasi-waver is easily adjusted. Meanwhile, the transverse course stability of the aircraft can be adjusted without depending on the convex stabilizer on the aircraft body, and the heat protection difficulty in hypersonic flight is greatly relieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of wave multiplication configuration optimization, in particular to a method and a system for optimizing transverse course stability of a quasi-wave multiplication body configuration and a lifting body.
Background
Under hypersonic conditions, as the front edge of a conventional-shaped aircraft is mostly a disjunct shock wave in a supersonic flow, the wave drag on the conventional-shaped aircraft is very large due to the pressure difference existing before and after the shock wave, the aircraft is subjected to extremely large friction drag and wave drag, the lift-drag ratio is very difficult to lift, and a 'lift-drag ratio barrier' which is difficult to surmount is faced. In order to solve the above problems, a wave-configured aircraft has been developed. The waverider configuration, also known as a waverider, is an aircraft shape suitable for hypersonic flight, with all its leading edges having an accompanying shock wave. When the wave configuration flies, the front edge plane of the wave configuration coincides with the upper surface of the shock wave, and the wave configuration is just like riding on the wave surface of the shock wave, and the pressure of the shock wave is used for generating lifting force. Since the upper surface of the waverider is coplanar with the free flow surface, no large differential pressure resistance is created. Therefore, wavebodies are considered to be the most promising new aerodynamic layout for breaking hypersonic "lift-to-drag ratio barriers".
The development of the wave multiplier generation method based on various reference flow fields enables different types of wave multiplier configurations to be selected according to different requirements in the aircraft design process. However, the waverider configuration generally has difficulty directly meeting basic aircraft design engineering requirements such as volume rate, trim, stability, and the like. For this situation, the "quasi-waver" configuration optimization design method has been developed, and the "quasi-waver" design process is: retaining the front edge line of the waverider; starting from a point on the front edge line, determining the section line along each longitudinal section by adopting a curve capable of being expressed analytically until the bottom surface is cut off; keeping the height of the molded line at the symmetrical plane consistent with that of the original waverider; the upper surface still remains free-flowing. And finally, optimizing the curve by adopting a genetic algorithm to generate the high lift-drag ratio quasi-waverider configuration meeting the requirements of balancing and longitudinal stability.
It can be seen that the above-mentioned quasi-waverider configuration optimization design mainly considers the influence of longitudinal static stability, and in engineering applications, the lateral and heading stability of the aircraft is also of great importance. In conventional aircraft design, lateral stability is generally improved by placing stabilizers on the aft windward or leeward side. However, when hypersonic flight occurs, the aerodynamic heat problem is prominent, the aerodynamic ablation of the raised stabilizer on the fuselage is serious, a larger structural failure risk is faced, and the generated shock wave can further increase the wave drag, so that a larger lift-drag ratio loss is caused, and the probability of successful flight mission is greatly reduced.
Therefore, how to realize the reasonable design depending on the geometric characteristics of the quasi-waverider to meet the requirement of the transverse direction stability is a technical problem which needs to be solved by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method and a system for optimizing the lateral course stability of a quasi-waverider configuration and a lifting body.
The application provides the following scheme:
a cross-directional stability optimization method of a quasi-waverider configuration comprises the following steps:
acquiring a target point on an original front edge line of an original quasi-wavebody configuration under a calculated coordinate system as a reference point; the calculated coordinate system is a body coordinate system of an original quasi-waverider configuration;
constructing a reference plane through the reference point, wherein the reference plane is parallel to a plane formed by an X axis and a Y axis in the calculation coordinate system;
forming a reference axis parallel to the Y axis through the reference point;
constructing an initial plane where the original leading edge line is located through the reference axis and acquiring an initial included angle between the initial plane and the reference plane;
rotating the initial plane around the reference axis towards a target direction by a target angle to adjust the initial included angle to a target included angle so as to form a projection plane with the target included angle with the reference plane;
and projecting the original front edge line to the projection plane along the Z-axis direction to form a target front edge line, wherein the target front edge line is used for generating a target quasi-waverider configuration so as to optimize the transverse directional stability of the original quasi-waverider configuration.
Preferably: determining a relative positional relationship of the original leading edge line and the target leading edge line in a Z-axis direction;
and determining the target direction according to the relative position relation and the position information of the reference point.
Preferably: the reference point is a header endpoint of the original leading edge line.
Preferably: the original leading edge line is positioned above the target leading edge line in the Z-axis direction, and the target direction is downward along the Z-axis direction; the larger the target angle is, the lower the target leading edge line is formed, the smaller the target dihedral angle is, and the weaker the transverse direction stability of the target quasi-wavebody configuration is.
Preferably: the original leading edge line is positioned below the target leading edge line in the Z-axis direction, and the target direction is along the Z-axis direction; the larger the target angle is, the higher the target leading edge line is formed, the larger the target dihedral angle is, and the stronger the transverse direction stability of the target quasi-waverider configuration is.
Preferably: selecting a plurality of points from the target leading edge line, and generating a plurality of target section molded lines from each point along each longitudinal section by adopting the same curve equation until the bottom surface is cut off;
and generating the lower surface of the target quasi-waver configuration according to the target leading edge line and a plurality of target section molded lines.
Preferably: the curve equation is the same curve equation as the original quasi-wavebody configuration is generated.
Preferably: the expression of the curve equation is as follows:
wherein L is the total length of the given waverider, a i Equation coefficient, b i ＝0.5+0.1i(1≤i≤11)。
Preferably: the body coordinate system is an original coordinate system for obtaining the original quasi-waverider configuration, and a plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis is parallel to a horizontal plane.
Preferably: the X-axis of the original coordinate system points to the tail point of the original quasi-waver configuration, the Y-axis points to the left on the horizontal plane, and the Z-axis points to the lower part in the plumb plane.
Preferably: the original quasi-waver is configured as a sharp-nose front quasi-waver obtained with trim and longitudinal stability as optimization targets.
A quasi-waverider configuration lateral heading stability optimization system comprising:
a reference point determining mechanism for acquiring a target point on an original front edge line of an original quasi-wavebody configuration as a reference point in a calculation coordinate system; the calculated coordinate system is a body coordinate system of an original quasi-waverider configuration;
the reference plane construction mechanism is used for constructing a reference plane through the reference point, and the reference plane is parallel to a plane formed by an X axis and a Y axis in the calculation coordinate system;
a reference axis forming mechanism for forming a reference axis parallel to the Y axis through the reference point;
the initial included angle acquisition mechanism is used for constructing an initial plane where the original leading edge line is located through the reference axis and acquiring an initial included angle between the initial plane and the reference plane;
a projection plane forming mechanism for rotating the initial plane around the reference axis by a target angle to adjust the initial included angle to a target included angle to form a projection plane having the target included angle with the reference plane;
the transverse heading stability optimizing mechanism is used for forming a target front edge line by projecting the original front edge line to the projection plane along the Z-axis direction, and the target front edge line is used for generating a target quasi-waverider configuration so as to optimize the transverse heading stability of the original quasi-waverider configuration.
A quasi-waverider configuration, comprising:
the front edge line is a target front edge line obtained by projecting the original front edge line onto a projection plane along the Z-axis direction; the target leading edge line is used for generating a target quasi-waver configuration with a target dihedral angle;
the original front edge line is the front edge line of the original quasi-waver configuration; the projection plane is a plane formed by rotating a reference plane around a reference axis by a target angle, the reference axis is an axis parallel to a Y axis and is formed by passing through a reference point, the reference point is a target point on an original front edge line, the reference plane is a plane parallel to a plane formed by an X axis and a Y axis in the calculation coordinate system and passing through the reference point, the X axis is directed to the head of the tail of the original quasi-multiplier body, the Y axis is directed to the left side on a horizontal plane, and the Z axis is directed to the lower side in a plumb plane.
Preferably: a lower surface, which is a surface generated by adopting a plurality of section molded lines intersecting the target leading edge line; the cross-sectional profile is the same as the plurality of cross-sectional profiles that generated the lower surface of the original quasi-waver configuration.
Preferably: and the upper surface is a free flow surface.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the application, the application discloses the following technical effects:
the method for optimizing the lateral-direction stability of the quasi-waverider configuration can modify the original quasi-waverider, generates a projection plane by changing the included angle between the initial plane where the front edge line is located and the horizontal plane, generates a new front edge line by projecting the front edge line of the original quasi-waverider configuration on the projection plane, adjusts the position of the front edge line by adjusting the included angle between the initial plane and the horizontal plane, and further changes the upper inverse characteristic of the lower surface of the quasi-waverider, thereby easily adjusting the lateral-direction stability of the quasi-waverider. Meanwhile, the transverse course stability of the aircraft can be adjusted without depending on the convex stabilizer on the aircraft body, and the heat protection difficulty in hypersonic flight is greatly relieved.
In addition, under the preferred embodiment, on the basis of the generated new leading edge line, the lower surface generation method and the section molded line can be kept unchanged, so that a new quasi-waverider configuration is generated, the influence on the lift-drag ratio of the quasi-waverider configuration is small, the transverse heading stability of the quasi-waverider configuration can be improved, meanwhile, the high lift-drag ratio characteristic of the configuration can be kept, and an effective design method is provided for engineering application of hypersonic high lift-drag ratio waverider configurations.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the application to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing the lateral stability of a quasi-waverider configuration provided by an embodiment of the application;
FIGS. 2 (a-b) are schematic diagrams of exemplary cone-guided wave-generating;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the generation of a quasi-waver lower surface;
FIGS. 4 (a-d) are schematic diagrams of typical quasi-waver configurations;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a target leading edge line generation process provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIGS. 6 (a-d) are schematic diagrams of exemplary target standard waverider configurations generated from target leading edge lines provided by embodiments of the present application;
fig. 7 (a-d) are schematic structural diagrams of an original quasi-waver configuration with an initial angle θ=3.5° between an initial plane and a horizontal plane according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIGS. 8 (a-c) are aerodynamic diagrams of original quasi-waver configurations provided by embodiments of the present application;
fig. 9 (a-d) are schematic structural diagrams of a target quasi-waver configuration with an initial angle θ=2° between an initial plane and a horizontal plane according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIGS. 10 (a-c) are aerodynamic diagrams of a target quasi-waver configuration provided by an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a cross-directional stability optimization system for a quasi-waverider configuration according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: a leading edge line 1, an original leading edge line 11, a target leading edge line 12, a section line 2, a reference plane 31, an initial plane 32, a projection plane 33, a shock wave 4, an axisymmetric body 5, a quasi-waverider configuration 6, and a reference bottom surface 7.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application, fall within the scope of protection of the application.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, a method for optimizing lateral directional stability of a quasi-waverider configuration according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, may include:
s101, acquiring a target point on an original front edge line of an original quasi-wavebody configuration under a calculated coordinate system as a reference point; the calculated coordinate system is a body coordinate system of an original quasi-waverider configuration;
s102, constructing a reference plane through the reference point, wherein the reference plane is parallel to a plane formed by an X axis and a Y axis in the calculation coordinate system;
s103, forming a reference axis parallel to the Y axis through the reference point;
s104, constructing an initial plane where the original leading edge line is located through the reference axis and acquiring an initial included angle between the initial plane and the reference plane;
s105, rotating the initial plane around the reference axis towards a target direction by a target angle to adjust the initial included angle to a target included angle so as to form a projection plane with the target included angle with the reference plane;
and S106, forming a target front edge line by projecting the original front edge line to the projection plane along the Z-axis direction, wherein the target front edge line is used for generating a target quasi-waverider configuration with a target dihedral angle so as to optimize the transverse heading stability of the original quasi-waverider configuration.
According to the method for optimizing the lateral course stability of the quasi-waverider configuration, the front edge line of the original quasi-waverider configuration is projected on the projection plane to generate a new front edge line, the upper and lower positions of the front edge line in the Z-axis direction are adjusted by adjusting the included angle between the projection plane and the initial plane, and further the upper inverse characteristic of the lower surface of the quasi-waverider is changed, so that the lateral course stability of the quasi-waverider is easily adjusted, and meanwhile, the obtained target quasi-waverider configuration can be guaranteed to have the lift-drag ratio meeting the design requirement. The purpose of meeting the requirement of transverse course stability by only relying on reasonable design of the geometrical characteristics of the quasi-waverider body without arranging a convex stabilizer on the body is achieved.
Because the influence of longitudinal static stability is mainly considered in the quasi-waverider configuration optimization design, the lateral and heading stability of the aircraft is also of great importance in engineering application. The lateral directional stability of the quasi-waverider is obviously influenced by the upper contrast characteristic of the lower surface of the quasi-waverider, and the lateral directional stability of the quasi-waverider is better as the upper contrast characteristic is more obvious, so that the method provided by the embodiment of the application can determine the size of the target angle according to the requirement, achieve the purpose of adjusting the upper contrast characteristic of the quasi-waverider, and further realize the adjustment of the lateral directional stability.
It should be noted that, in order to simplify the calculation step and achieve the purpose of quickly generating the original quasi-waver configuration, therefore, in the process of forming the original quasi-waver configuration, a user generally makes the original front edge line of the original quasi-waver configuration have a certain upward inverse characteristic, therefore, after the original quasi-waver configuration is generated, the lift-drag ratio and the lateral heading stability of the original quasi-waver configuration can be detected first, and whether the lift-drag ratio and the lateral heading stability meet the design requirements can be judged, and if the design requirements are met, the original quasi-waver configuration can be used as a final configuration. If the design requirements are not met, the position of the initial leading edge line needs to be adjusted according to the characteristics that do not meet the design requirements.
Because whether the contrast characteristic of the quasi-waver is obviously determined by the high-low position of the front edge line in the Z-axis direction or not, the embodiment of the application can determine whether the initial included angle needs to be increased or decreased according to the high-low position of the original front edge line and the target front edge line in the Z-axis direction. Because the reference axis is the intersection line of the initial plane and the reference plane, when the two planes rotate relatively, the position of the reference axis can make the original front edge line move upwards or downwards uncertain for the projection plane formed by the two planes after the two planes rotate relatively, so that in practical application, the target direction and the target angle of rotation need to be determined according to the position of the reference axis. Specifically, the embodiment of the application can determine the relative position relationship between the original leading edge line and the target leading edge line in the Z-axis direction; and determining the target direction according to the relative position relation and the position information of the reference point.
In selecting the adjustment method specifically, the position of the reference point may be first determined, for example, in one implementation, in order to simplify the operation step, an embodiment of the present application may provide the reference point as a header endpoint of the original leading edge line. When the lift-drag ratio of the original quasi-waver configuration is detected to be unsatisfied with the requirement and the transverse direction stability is detected to be satisfied, the initial included angle is required to be reduced, and the specific operation method is that the original leading edge line is positioned above the target leading edge line in the Z-axis direction, and the target direction is downward along the Z-axis direction; the larger the target angle is, the lower the target leading edge line is formed, the smaller the target dihedral angle is, and the weaker the transverse direction stability of the target quasi-wavebody configuration is. The lift-to-drag ratio can be increased by reducing the upturn feature.
For another example, when it is detected that the lift-drag ratio of the original quasi-waverider configuration meets the requirement and the lateral heading stability does not meet the requirement, the initial included angle needs to be adjusted to be larger, and the specific operation method is that the original leading edge line is located below the target leading edge line in the Z-axis direction, and the target direction is along the Z-axis direction; the larger the target angle is, the higher the target leading edge line is formed, the larger the target dihedral angle is, and the stronger the transverse direction stability of the target quasi-waverider configuration is. The lateral stability can be improved by adding the upturn feature, so long as the target angle is ensured to be proper, the lift-drag ratio can be fluctuated within the design range.
It will be appreciated that if the reference point is the trailing end point of the original leading edge line, the same result is obtained as if the reference point is the leading end point of the original leading edge line, then only a corresponding rotation in the opposite direction is required.
The method provided by the embodiment of the application is an improvement on the basis of the traditional method for generating the quasi-waverider, so that any method capable of generating the quasi-waverider configuration in the prior art can be adopted after the target leading edge line is generated. For example, the embodiment of the application can provide that a plurality of points are selected on the target leading edge line, and a plurality of target section molded lines are generated from each point along each longitudinal section by adopting the same curve equation and all the target section molded lines are cut off until the bottom surface; and generating the lower surface of the target standard waverider configuration according to the target leading edge line and the target section molded lines. And selecting points on the target leading edge line, and generating a target section line by adopting the same curve equation by taking each point as a starting point, so that each generated item target section line can be ensured to intersect with the target leading edge line. And further, the flow field of the lower surface of the obtained target quasi-waver configuration is ensured to be completely identical with the corresponding part of the reference flow field in theory, shock waves can be completely attached to the front edge line, high-pressure gas overflow after the lower surface is prevented, and higher lift force can be obtained at a small attack angle.
It can be understood that the curve equation can be any curve equation defined according to the requirement, and in actual operation, the curve equation adopted in the process of generating each section profile is only required to be the same. For example, in one implementation, embodiments of the present application may provide the curve equation as the same curve equation that generated the original quasi-wavebody configuration. The lower surface generated by adopting the curve equation which is the same as the original quasi-waver configuration can retain most of the characteristics of the lower surface of the original quasi-waver configuration, so that the change of the lift-drag ratio is smaller, and the lift-drag body meeting the lift-drag ratio requirement can be conveniently and rapidly obtained.
Specifically, the expression of the curve equation is as follows:
wherein L is the total length of the given waverider, a i Equation coefficient, b i ＝0.5+0.1i(1≤i≤11)。
In practical applications, the original quasi-waver configuration may be a tip leading edge quasi-waver obtained with trim and longitudinal stability as optimization objectives. The body coordinate system can be determined according to the current pose of the original quasi-waver configuration, and for the convenience of calculation, the body coordinate system can be an original coordinate system for obtaining the original quasi-waver configuration. Specifically, the X-axis of the original coordinate system points from the tail of the original quasi-waver to the head, the Y-axis points to the left on the horizontal plane, and the Z-axis points to the lower in the plumb plane. For the convenience of calculation, the body coordinate system may be an original coordinate system for obtaining the original quasi-waverider configuration, and a plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis is parallel to a horizontal plane. The horizontal plane is used as the reference plane, so that the calculation difficulty can be effectively reduced.
In a word, the method for optimizing the lateral course stability of the quasi-waverider configuration provided by the embodiment of the application can repair an original quasi-waverider, generate the quasi-waverider configuration after front projection by changing the included angle between the initial plane of the front line and the horizontal plane, and can realize that the lateral course stability of the aircraft is not regulated by depending on the raised stabilizer on the airframe, thereby greatly relieving the heat protection difficulty in hypersonic flight.
The method provided by the embodiment of the application is described in detail below through a specific implementation manner.
First, a detailed description will be given of a specific generation step of the original quasi-waverider configuration.
The specific design steps are as follows:
step one, defining an original front edge line.
First, a leading edge line is generated from a cone-guided wave, the generation process of which is shown in fig. 2 (a-b). Given the incoming Mach number Ma and the shock angle β of the cone shock s A three-dimensional wave Surface (Generating wave) can be obtained, and an arbitrary form of reference curve is defined on the YZ plane of the bottom Surface (Base Surface) of the wave Surface, wherein the reference curve on the bottom Surface is defined by using a cubic polynomial of the following form:
in order to describe the curve more clearly and intuitively, the radius of the shock circle is set as R s Reference ofThe intercept of curve Z is R 0 Azimuth angle ofLet the angle between the tangent line at the intersection point of the curve and the shock circle and the Y-axis be eta, the angle between the tangent line at the intersection point of the curve and the Z-axis and the Y-axis be lambda, and let the parameter kw=R 0 /R s The method can be simplified to obtain:
thus, given the design parameters kw,η and λ, the reference curve form of formula (1) can be fully determined; projecting the curve towards the shock wave surface along the X-axis direction to obtain an intersection line, namely an original Leading Edge line (Leading Edge) of the waverider;
step two, generating an original quasi-waverider configuration
Selecting a plurality of points on the front edge line, generating a section line from each point along each longitudinal section in the same curve form until the bottom surface is cut off, wherein the curve expression is as follows:
wherein L is the total length of a given quasi-waver, a i Equation coefficient, b i ＝0.5+0.1i(1≤i≤11)。
From the leading edge line and the cross-sectional profile, a quasi-waver lower surface can be generated, as shown in fig. 3.
The upper surface adopts a free flow surface parallel to the free inflow direction. The resulting typical quasi-waver configuration is shown in fig. 4 (a-d) below.
When the generated original quasi-waverider is optimized by adopting a traditional method, the method often adopts balancing and longitudinal stability as optimization targets, and the formed original quasi-waverider possibly has the condition that the transverse direction stability cannot meet the design requirement. Therefore, after the original quasi-waverider is optimized by adopting a traditional method, the transverse direction stability of the original quasi-waverider can be evaluated, and whether the transverse direction stability of the original quasi-waverider meets the requirement or not is judged. The determination of the lateral stability can be carried out by calculating the lateral static derivative and the lateral static derivative of the original quasi-wavebody through computational fluid dynamics (CFD: computational Fluid Dynamics), and evaluating whether the lateral stability requirement is met. If the requirements are met, the final configuration is obtained, and if the requirements are not met, the method provided by the application can be used for adjusting the contrast characteristics of the original leading edge line until the requirements of the transverse direction stability are met, and the final configuration is determined.
When it is determined that the lateral stability of the original waverider does not meet the requirement and the dihedral characteristics thereof need to be adjusted, this can be achieved by only describing the design process of the configuration in the left half side in consideration of the symmetry of the left and right side profiles, as shown in fig. 5.
(1) Constructing a horizontal plane YZ plane at a leading edge line end point A;
(2) a straight line AB parallel to the Y axis is made through the point A;
(3) making an initial plane where an original front edge line is located by a straight line AB;
(4) the horizontal plane is kept to be motionless around the AB axis, the initial plane is rotated upwards or downwards by a target angle to obtain a projection plane, and the included angle between the projection plane and the horizontal plane is a target included angle theta (theta is more than or equal to 0);
(5) projecting the original front edge line towards a projection plane along the Z-axis direction, so as to obtain a projected target front edge line;
(6) and selecting a plurality of points on the projected target front edge line, generating a lower surface by adopting a section molded line which is the same as the original quasi-waverider configuration, wherein the upper surface is also a free flow surface, and finally obtaining the typical quasi-waverider configuration shown in fig. 6 (a-d).
In the configuration generation process, the plane rotation angle theta is a key control parameter, and the design rule is as follows: the smaller the angle θ, the higher the leading edge line position, the more obvious the overall configuration's dihedral characteristics, and the stronger the lateral stability.
After the method provided by the embodiment of the application is adopted to optimize the original front edge line, the upward-inverse characteristic meeting the requirement of the transverse heading stability can be obtained, meanwhile, the influence on the lift-drag ratio of the original quasi-waverider is not great, and the requirement of the generated lift-drag body on the high lift-drag ratio can be completely met. The method provided by the embodiment of the application verifies the influence of the lift-drag ratio and the influence of the target included angle on the upward-reverse characteristic.
Flight conditions: mach number 20, flight altitude 40km.
Aircraft length: 5.5 meters.
The design requirement of the transverse course stability is as follows: assuming that the centroid position is 60% of the full length (i.e. moment reference point), the reference area is 1 square meter during post-treatment, and the reference length is 5.5 meters, the horizontal static stability requirement C is satisfied at the attack angle where the maximum lift-drag ratio is lβ <-0.15, heading static stability requirement C nβ >0.05。
Description: lateral static derivative C lβ <0 represents lateral static stability, and the smaller the value is, the stronger the lateral static stability is; heading static derivative C nβ >And 0 represents the course static stability, and the larger the value is, the stronger the course static stability is.
Original leading edge line design parameters (step one): kw=0.717,η= 37.554 ° and λ= 25.183 °.
Lower surface profile coefficient (equation 3):
and (3) measuring each aerodynamic characteristic of the original quasi-waver configuration generated by adopting the design parameters and the lower surface molded line coefficients:
the initial included angle between the initial plane and the horizontal plane is as follows: θ=3.5 °, and the original quasi-waver configuration obtained is shown in fig. 7 (a-d). FIG. 8 (a-c) shows aerodynamic characteristics of the profile at Mach 40km altitude 20, including lift-drag ratio (FIG. 8 a), lateral static derivative (FIG. 8 b) and heading static derivative (FIG. 8 c). As can be seen from FIGS. 8 (a-C), the profile is at maximum at 1 lift-drag ratio, up to 5.50, at which time its lateral static derivative C lβ Is-0.106, course static derivative C nβ 0.044.
It can be seen that the profile does not satisfy C lβ <-0.15 and C nβ >0.05 transverse static stability requirement.
The method provided by the embodiment of the application is adopted to improve the original quasi-waverider configuration, the initial plane is rotated upwards by 1.5 degrees along the Z-axis direction to form a projection plane, the original front edge line is projected on the projection plane to obtain a target front edge line, and according to the target quasi-waverider configuration obtained by the target front edge line, the measurement of each aerodynamic characteristic of the target quasi-waverider configuration is as follows:
the target included angle between the projection plane and the horizontal plane is as follows: θ=2°, and the obtained target quasi-wavebody configuration is shown in fig. 9 (a-d). Fig. 10 (a-c) shows the aerodynamic characteristics of the profile at a mach 40km altitude of 20, including lift-drag ratio (fig. 10 a), lateral static derivative (fig. 10 b) and heading static derivative (fig. 10 c). As can be seen in FIGS. 10 (a-C), the profile is at maximum at 1 lift-drag ratio, up to 5.46, at which time its lateral static derivative C lβ Is-0.157 course static derivative C nβ 0.0625.
It can be seen that the target quasi-waver configuration satisfies C lβ <-0.15 and C nβ >The lateral static stability requirement of 0.05, and the lift-drag ratio is reduced by only 0.04 compared with the original quasi-wavebody configuration.
Referring to fig. 11, corresponding to a method for optimizing the lateral heading stability of a quasi-waverider configuration provided by the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 11, the embodiment of the present application further provides a system for optimizing the lateral heading stability of a quasi-waverider configuration, where the system specifically may include:
a reference point determination means 201 for acquiring a target point on an original leading edge line of an original quasi-wavebody configuration as a reference point in a calculation coordinate system; the calculated coordinate system is a body coordinate system of an original quasi-waverider configuration;
a reference plane construction mechanism 202 for constructing a reference plane through the reference point, the reference plane being parallel to a plane formed by an X axis and a Y axis in the calculated coordinate system;
a reference axis forming mechanism 203 for forming a reference axis parallel to the Y axis through the reference point;
an initial included angle obtaining mechanism 204, configured to construct an initial plane where the original leading edge line is located through the reference axis and obtain an initial included angle between the initial plane and the reference plane;
a projection plane forming mechanism 205 for rotating the initial plane by a target angle around the reference axis to adjust the initial included angle to a target included angle to form a projection plane having the target included angle with the reference plane;
the lateral heading stability optimizing mechanism 206 is configured to form a target leading edge line by projecting the original leading edge line to the projection plane along the Z-axis direction, where the target leading edge line is used to generate a target quasi-waverider configuration to optimize the lateral heading stability of the original quasi-waverider configuration.
Further, in one implementation manner, the method may further include:
a positional relationship determination mechanism for determining a relative positional relationship of the original leading edge line and the target leading edge line in a Z-axis direction;
and the target direction determining mechanism is used for determining the target direction according to the relative position relation and the position information of the reference point.
Still further, in another implementation manner, the method may further include:
the target section profile generating mechanism is used for selecting a plurality of points from the target leading edge line, generating a plurality of target section profiles from each point along each longitudinal section by adopting the same curve equation, and stopping the target section profiles until the bottom surface is cut off;
and the lower surface generating mechanism is used for generating the lower surface of the target quasi-waver configuration according to the target leading edge line and the plurality of target section molded lines.
Corresponding to the method and the system for optimizing the lateral course stability of the quasi-waverider configuration provided by the embodiment of the application, the embodiment of the application can also provide a quasi-waverider configuration, which comprises the following steps:
the front edge line is a target front edge line obtained by projecting the original front edge line onto a projection plane along the Z-axis direction; the target leading edge line is used for generating a target quasi-waver configuration with a target dihedral angle;
the original front edge line is the front edge line of the original quasi-waver configuration; the projection plane is a plane formed by rotating a reference plane around a reference axis by a target angle, the reference axis is an axis parallel to a Y axis and is formed by passing through a reference point, the reference point is a target point on an original front edge line, the reference plane is a plane parallel to a plane formed by an X axis and a Y axis in the calculation coordinate system and passing through the reference point, the X axis is directed to the head of the tail of the original quasi-multiplier body, the Y axis is directed to the left side on a horizontal plane, and the Z axis is directed to the lower side in a plumb plane.
Further, in one implementation, the method may further include a lower surface, where the lower surface is a surface generated by using a plurality of section lines intersecting the target leading edge line; the cross-sectional profile is the same as the plurality of cross-sectional profiles that generated the lower surface of the original tip leading edge quasi-waver configuration.
Still further, in another implementation, an upper surface may be included, the upper surface being a free flow surface.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
From the above description of embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application may be implemented in software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present application.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for a system or system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to a method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, with reference to the description of the method embodiment being made in part. The systems and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present application without undue burden.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The cross-directional stability optimization method of the quasi-waverider configuration is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring a target point on an original front edge line of an original quasi-wavebody configuration under a calculated coordinate system as a reference point; the calculated coordinate system is a body coordinate system of an original quasi-waverider configuration;
constructing a reference plane through the reference point, wherein the reference plane is parallel to a plane formed by an X axis and a Y axis in the calculation coordinate system;
forming a reference axis parallel to the Y axis through the reference point;
constructing an initial plane where the original leading edge line is located through the reference axis and acquiring an initial included angle between the initial plane and the reference plane;
rotating the initial plane around the reference axis towards a target direction by a target angle to adjust the initial included angle to a target included angle so as to form a projection plane with the target included angle with the reference plane;
forming a target front edge line by projecting the original front edge line to the projection plane along the Z-axis direction, wherein the target front edge line is used for generating a target quasi-waverider configuration so as to optimize the transverse directional stability of the original quasi-waverider configuration;
determining a relative positional relationship of the original leading edge line and the target leading edge line in a Z-axis direction;
determining the target direction according to the relative position relation and the position information of the reference point;
the reference point is a head end point of the original leading edge line;
the original leading edge line is positioned above the target leading edge line in the Z-axis direction, and the target direction is downward along the Z-axis direction; the larger the target angle is, the lower the target leading edge line is formed, the smaller the target dihedral angle is, and the weaker the transverse direction stability of the target quasi-waverider configuration is;
the original leading edge line is positioned below the target leading edge line in the Z-axis direction, and the target direction is along the Z-axis direction; the larger the target angle is, the more the target leading edge line is formed, the larger the target dihedral angle is, and the stronger the transverse direction stability of the target quasi-waverider configuration is;
selecting a plurality of points from the target leading edge line, and generating a plurality of target section molded lines from each point along each longitudinal section by adopting the same curve equation until the bottom surface is cut off;
and generating the lower surface of the target quasi-waver configuration according to the target leading edge line and a plurality of target section molded lines.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the curve equation is the same curve equation as the original quasi-waver configuration is generated.
3. The method for optimizing the lateral stability of a quasi-wavebody configuration according to claim 2, wherein the expression of the curve equation is as follows:
wherein L is the total length of the given waverider, a i Equation coefficient, b i ＝0.5+0.1i(1 ≤ i ≤ 11)。
4. The method for optimizing the lateral stability of a quasi-waver configuration according to claim 1, wherein the body coordinate system is an original coordinate system for obtaining the original quasi-waver configuration, and a plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis is parallel to a horizontal plane.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the X-axis of the original coordinate system is directed to the tail of the original quasi-waver configuration and the Y-axis is directed to the left in the horizontal plane and the Z-axis is directed to the down in the plumb plane.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the original quasi-waverider configuration is a cusp leading edge quasi-waverider obtained with trim and longitudinal stability as optimization targets.
7. A quasi-waverider configuration lateral heading stability optimization system, comprising:
a reference point determining mechanism for acquiring a target point on an original front edge line of an original quasi-wavebody configuration as a reference point in a calculation coordinate system; the calculated coordinate system is a body coordinate system of an original quasi-waverider configuration;
the reference plane construction mechanism is used for constructing a reference plane through the reference point, and the reference plane is parallel to a plane formed by an X axis and a Y axis in the calculation coordinate system;
a reference axis forming mechanism for forming a reference axis parallel to the Y axis through the reference point;
the initial included angle acquisition mechanism is used for constructing an initial plane where the original leading edge line is located through the reference axis and acquiring an initial included angle between the initial plane and the reference plane;
a projection plane forming mechanism for rotating the initial plane around the reference axis by a target angle to adjust the initial included angle to a target included angle to form a projection plane having the target included angle with the reference plane;
the transverse heading stability optimizing mechanism is used for forming a target front edge line by projecting the original front edge line to the projection plane along the Z-axis direction, and the target front edge line is used for generating a target quasi-waverider configuration so as to optimize the transverse heading stability of the original quasi-waverider configuration;
determining a relative positional relationship of the original leading edge line and the target leading edge line in a Z-axis direction;
determining a target direction according to the relative position relation and the position information of the reference point;
the reference point is a head end point of the original leading edge line;
the original leading edge line is positioned above the target leading edge line in the Z-axis direction, and the target direction is downward along the Z-axis direction; the larger the target angle is, the lower the target leading edge line is formed, the smaller the target dihedral angle is, and the weaker the transverse direction stability of the target quasi-waverider configuration is;
the original leading edge line is positioned below the target leading edge line in the Z-axis direction, and the target direction is along the Z-axis direction; the larger the target angle is, the more the target leading edge line is formed, the larger the target dihedral angle is, and the stronger the transverse direction stability of the target quasi-waverider configuration is;
selecting a plurality of points from the target leading edge line, and generating a plurality of target section molded lines from each point along each longitudinal section by adopting the same curve equation until the bottom surface is cut off;
and generating the lower surface of the target quasi-waver configuration according to the target leading edge line and a plurality of target section molded lines.
8. A quasi-waver configuration, comprising:
the front edge line is a target front edge line obtained by projecting the original front edge line onto a projection plane along the Z-axis direction; the target leading edge line is used for generating a target quasi-waver configuration with a target dihedral angle;
the original front edge line is the front edge line of the original quasi-waver configuration; the projection plane is a plane formed by rotating a reference plane around a reference axis, the reference axis is an axis parallel to a Y axis and formed through a reference point, the reference point is a target point on an original front edge line, the reference plane is a plane parallel to a plane formed by an X axis and the Y axis in a calculation coordinate system through the reference point, the X axis is directed to the head of the tail of an original quasi-multiplier, the Y axis is directed to the left on a horizontal plane, and the Z axis is directed to the lower part in a plumb plane;
a lower surface, which is a surface generated by adopting a plurality of section molded lines intersecting the target leading edge line; the section molded lines are the same as a plurality of section molded lines which generate the lower surface of the original quasi-waverider configuration;
and the upper surface is a free flow surface.
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