CN112946767B - Extraction method for slope geology and supporting structure information - Google Patents
Extraction method for slope geology and supporting structure information Download PDFInfo
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- CN112946767B CN112946767B CN202110118359.9A CN202110118359A CN112946767B CN 112946767 B CN112946767 B CN 112946767B CN 202110118359 A CN202110118359 A CN 202110118359A CN 112946767 B CN112946767 B CN 112946767B
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/12—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with electromagnetic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/885—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for ground probing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of survey before construction, in particular to a method for extracting slope geology and support structure information, which comprises the following steps: step S1, enabling a collector to move along a walking track through a power mechanism; s2, transmitting electromagnetic waves to the side slope and the supporting structure through the collector and receiving reflected waves after reflection, and controlling the power mechanism to drive the collector to move according to a preset distance through the controller when the energy of the reflected waves is smaller than a preset value; s3, marking geological information of the side slope and structural information of the supporting structure by using reflected waves which can be received by the collector on a point domain, marking the geological information and the structural information, and establishing a side slope model according to the geological information, the structural information and the marking; and S4, identifying abnormal areas of the slope and the supporting structure from the slope model according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the media with different dielectric constants, and predicting the risk positions according to the slope model. The invention can accurately extract the side slope and supporting structure information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pre-construction survey, in particular to an extraction method for slope geology and support structure information.
Background
The side slope support refers to the support, reinforcement and protection measures adopted for the side slope to ensure the safety of the side slope and the environment thereof. The common support structure forms are as follows: gravity type retaining wall, buttress type retaining wall, cantilever type supporting, plate rib type or lattice type anchor rod retaining wall supporting, row pile type anchor rod retaining wall supporting, anchor spraying supporting, slope rate method and the like. However, the side slope is generally formed by earth excavation and compaction, and the side slope is supported and protected by a supporting structure which is formed by pouring concrete on the side slope, and the side slope and the supporting structure are affected by rain wash and geological structures in the use process, so that cracks, holes, collapse and the like are formed at weak positions caused by construction on the supporting structure, and therefore, the information extraction of the geology of the side slope and the supporting structure is very important.
For extracting geological information, the geological radar is mainly adopted at present, a worker carries the geological radar to move along an area to be observed, and electromagnetic signals of the received geological radar are observed in real time until the reflected electromagnetic signals are absorbed and then move to the next area to be detected, but the slope is inconvenient to walk due to the gradient and structural characteristics, so that a geological information extraction method for the slope and a supporting structure thereof is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an extraction method for slope geology and supporting structure information, which is used for automatically extracting and collecting the geological information of a slope and a supporting structure thereof.
The extraction method for the slope geology and supporting structure information in the scheme comprises the following steps:
step S1, arranging a walking track on a side slope and a supporting structure, and enabling a collector to move along the walking track through a power mechanism;
s2, transmitting electromagnetic waves to the side slope and the supporting structure through the collector, receiving reflected waves reflected by the side slope and the supporting structure, judging the received reflected waves, and controlling the power mechanism to drive the collector to move according to a preset distance through the controller when the energy of the reflected waves is smaller than a preset value;
s3, marking geological information of the side slope and structural information of the supporting structure by using reflected waves which can be received by the collector on a point domain, marking the geological information and the structural information, and establishing a side slope model of the side slope and the supporting structure according to the geological information, the structural information and the marking;
and S4, identifying abnormal areas of the slope and the supporting structure from the slope model according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the media with different dielectric constants, and predicting the risk positions according to the slope model.
The beneficial effect of this scheme is:
the collector is enabled to move along the walking track through the power mechanism, the energy of the reflected wave is judged, after the energy of the reflected wave is absorbed, the collector is enabled to move continuously to detect the side slope and the supporting structure thereof, the information carried by the reflected wave is ensured to be completely acquired, the person does not need to walk step by step, and the information extraction of the side slope and the supporting structure thereof is more convenient; according to geological information and structural information carried by the reflected waves, a slope model of the slope and the supporting structure is established, abnormal areas in the slope model are identified, and then the risk positions are predicted, so that corresponding risk factors can be found in time.
In step S1, a plurality of walking tracks are provided, and each walking track is provided with a power mechanism and a collector, so that the power mechanisms on the plurality of walking tracks drive the collectors to move in opposite directions from staggered directions.
The beneficial effects are that: through a plurality of walking tracks and collectors, can improve monitoring efficiency, the removal direction of a plurality of collectors is different can prevent the mutual interference of collectors.
Further, in step S3, the processor calculates the real-time position of the collector on the walking track according to the reference number and the preset distance, the processor determines the collection time of the collector according to the interval between sending the electromagnetic wave and receiving the reflected electromagnetic wave, so that the processor determines the absorption duration of the electromagnetic wave in the slope model, the energy of which is reduced to be less than the preset value, according to the collection time, and the processor predicts the abnormal position according to the difference value of the absorption duration determined for a plurality of times.
The beneficial effects are that: and calculating the real-time position of the collector on the walking track, calculating the collection time of the collector, wherein the collection time is the stop time period of the collector, and finally determining the absorption time of the electromagnetic wave in the slope model according to the collection time, and predicting the abnormal position according to the absorption time in the collection process so as to be convenient for finding the position with risk in the slope in advance.
Further, in step S3, after the collector moves, the environmental images of the side slope and the supporting structure are shot by the camera, the type of the interfering object is identified from the environmental images, the azimuth relationship between the collector and the interfering object is judged according to the type of the interfering object and the real-time position, the azimuth relationship is compared with the preset azimuth, and when the azimuth relationship is the same as the preset azimuth, the power mechanism is controlled by the controller to drive the collector to steer according to the preset angle.
The beneficial effects are that: the method comprises the steps of shooting an environmental image of the surrounding environment of the collector, identifying the types of interference objects, such as a building, a high-voltage tower and the like, judging the azimuth relation between the collector and the interference objects according to the types of the interference objects and the real-time position, and comparing the azimuth relation with a preset azimuth, wherein the preset azimuth can be that, for example, the antenna of the collector is parallel to the trend of the building and the line of the collector is perpendicular to the line of the high-voltage tower, finally, the collector is turned according to a preset angle, and the interference of environmental factors to the collection work of the collector is reduced.
Further, in step S3, the processor pre-determines the head collision positions of the collectors on the multiple walking tracks according to the real-time positions and the collection time, and when the head collision positions of at least three collectors are located on the same vertical line perpendicular to the walking tracks, the processor sends a speed increasing signal or a speed reducing signal to the controller on the walking tracks, so that the controller controls the power mechanism to drive the collectors to move according to the speed increasing signal or the speed reducing signal.
The beneficial effects are that: the head collision positions of the plurality of collectors are pre-judged according to the real-time positions and the collection time, and when at least three collectors collide on the same horizontal plane, a speed increasing signal or a speed reducing signal is sent to the controller, so that the movement rules of the plurality of collectors are changed, and the mutual interference among the plurality of collectors is reduced.
In step S3, the controller controls the telescopic device on the power mechanism according to the speed increasing signal to drive the collector to lift up and then move according to the preset height, and controls the telescopic device on the power mechanism according to the speed reducing signal to drive the collector to lower and move and then lift up according to the preset height.
The beneficial effects are that: because the supporting structure on the side slope forms a grid shape, if the height of the collector is increased for the speed-increasing signal, the movement of the collector is not hindered by the supporting structure, the movement speed is increased, if the height of the collector is reduced for the speed-decreasing signal, the movement of the collector is hindered by the supporting structure, the movement speed is reduced, the collision surface positions of a plurality of collectors are pulled apart, and the interference is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a first embodiment of a method for extracting information of a slope geology and supporting structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a first embodiment of a method for extracting information of a slope geology and supporting structure according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a radial cross-sectional view of a walking track in a first embodiment of the method for extracting slope geology and support structure information according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Further details are provided below with reference to the specific embodiments.
Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a walking track 1, a guide groove 2, a rack 3, a gear 4, a detection end 5, a U-shaped bracket 6, a telescopic device 7, a gear motor 8, a rotating shaft 9, a mounting plate 10 and a rotator 11.
Example 1
In order to realize the extraction method for the geological and supporting structure information of the side slope, the embodiment also discloses a track laying device, as shown in fig. 3, which comprises a long-strip-shaped walking track 1, wherein the walking track 1 can be made of steel and can be attached to the shape of the side slope, the radial section of the walking track 1 is square, guide grooves 2 are formed in the two side walls of the walking track 1, racks 3 are welded on the side walls of the guide grooves 2, which are opposite to the notches, the racks 3 are meshed with gears 4, a rotating shaft 9 is connected on the gears 4 in a key manner, and U-shaped brackets 6 are arranged above the walking track 1; the power mechanism comprises a telescopic device 7 and a gear motor 8, wherein the telescopic device 7 is arranged on the concave inner wall of the U-shaped bracket 6 in an empty mode, an existing hydraulic cylinder can be used for the telescopic device 7, an installation plate 10 is welded on the concave inner wall of the U-shaped bracket 6, a rotator 11 is fixedly arranged on the installation plate 10, an existing rotary cylinder can be used for the rotator 11, and the output end of the rotator 11 is fixed at the bottom end of the telescopic device 7; the collector comprises a geological radar host and a detection end 5 which sends out electromagnetic waves and receives the reflected electromagnetic waves, the detection end 5 is equivalent to an antenna part, the geological radar host transmits the electromagnetic waves to the detection end 5 and receives the electromagnetic waves reflected by the detection end 5, the detection end 5 of the collector is fixedly arranged on a piston rod of the telescopic device 7, the speed reducing motor 8 is fixedly arranged on two ends of the U-shaped support 6, and the rotating shaft 9 is welded on an output shaft of the speed reducing motor 8.
The extraction method for the side slope geology and support structure information, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprises the following steps:
step S1, a plurality of walking tracks 1 are arranged above the side slope and the supporting structure, namely, the walking tracks 1 are arranged along the height of the side slope, a power mechanism and a collector are arranged on each walking track 1, the collector is enabled to move along the walking track 1 through the power mechanism, the power mechanism on the plurality of walking tracks 1 drives the collector to move in opposite directions from the staggered direction, namely, a motor drives a gear 4 to rotate, and the gear 4 is enabled to move along a rack 3.
And S2, transmitting electromagnetic waves to the side slope and the supporting structure through the collector, receiving reflected waves reflected by the side slope and the supporting structure, judging the received reflected waves, and controlling the power mechanism to drive the collector to move according to a preset distance through the controller when the energy of the reflected waves is smaller than a preset value, wherein the preset distance is preset according to actual requirements, for example, the preset distance is 10cm.
And S3, marking the geological information of the side slope and the structural information of the supporting structure by using the reflected wave which can be received by the collector on a point domain, adding labels to the geological information and the structural information, wherein the labels are natural codes of the geological radar host computer on the received information, and establishing a side slope model of the side slope and the supporting structure according to the geological information, the structural information and the labels, wherein the technology of establishing the side slope model by using the address information, the structural information and the labels is completed by the prior geological radar host computer and is not repeated herein.
The processor determines the acquisition time of the collector according to the interval between sending electromagnetic waves and receiving reflected electromagnetic waves, the processor determines the absorption time length of the electromagnetic waves, the energy of which is reduced to be smaller than a preset value, in the slope model according to the acquisition time, the processor predicts an abnormal position according to the difference value of the absorption time lengths determined for a plurality of times, for example, the position measured twice is determined to be the abnormal position when the difference value is larger than a threshold value, the absorption time length determined at the previous time is 10ms, and the absorption time length determined at the next time is 15ms.
The real-time position of the collector on the running track 1 is calculated by the processor according to the mark and the preset distance, for example, the collector is initially positioned at one end of the running track, the mark C represents the code of the information after three times of receiving, and then the real-time position is the distance obtained by multiplying the mark by the preset distance from the end.
After the collector moves, the environmental images of the side slope and the supporting structure are shot through the shooting device, the types of interference objects are identified from the environmental images, the types of the interference objects comprise buildings and overhead lines, the azimuth relation between the collector and the interference objects is judged according to the types of the interference objects and the real-time positions, the azimuth relation can be that the detection end 5 is perpendicular to the trend of the buildings, the line direction of the line of the detection end 5 is parallel to the overhead lines, and the like, the azimuth relation is compared with a preset azimuth, the preset azimuth comprises that the detection end 5 is parallel to the trend of the buildings and the line direction of the line of the detection end 5, when the azimuth relation is identical to the preset azimuth, the power mechanism is controlled by the controller to drive the collector to turn according to a preset angle, and the preset angle can be set according to actual needs, for example, the preset angle can be set to 30 degrees.
The processor pre-judges the collision positions of the collectors on the plurality of walking tracks 1 according to the real-time positions and the acquisition time, and when the collision positions of at least three collectors are positioned on the same vertical line vertical to the walking tracks 1, the processor sends a speed increasing signal or a speed reducing signal to a controller on the walking tracks 1, so that the controller controls a power mechanism to drive the collectors to move according to the speed increasing signal or the speed reducing signal; the controller controls the telescopic device 7 on the power mechanism according to the speed-increasing signal to drive the collector to lift firstly and then move according to the preset height, namely, the end part of the detection end 5 is enabled to move linearly after leaving the slope surface, and the controller controls the telescopic device 7 on the power mechanism according to the speed-decreasing signal to drive the collector to move and then lift according to the preset height, namely, the end part of the detection end 5 is enabled to move against the slope surface, and when the end part of the detection end 5 is blocked by the slope supporting structure, the height of the detection end 5 is enabled to rise again, so that the moving speed is reduced.
And S4, identifying abnormal areas of the side slope and the supporting structure from the side slope model according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the media with different dielectric constants, predicting risk positions according to the side slope model, and displaying the risk positions on a geological radar host of the collector directly after obtaining the risk positions.
In the process of detecting slope geology and supporting structure information by using geological radar, the plurality of detectors are used for detecting from different positions at the same time, so that the information detection efficiency is improved, the moving speed of the detector is adjusted by judging the positions of the detectors, the plurality of detectors are prevented from simultaneously meeting, the mutual interference among the plurality of detectors is prevented, and the accuracy of detection results is improved.
Example two
The first difference from the first embodiment is that the device further comprises a radio receiver for receiving wireless signals, wherein the radio receiver is provided with a manipulator, a communicator and a corresponding control unit, the manipulator can use the existing manipulator product, the manipulator is provided with a base, the control unit is positioned in the base, the control unit controls the manipulator to drive the radio receiver to move in multiple dimensions, and the communicator is used for sending information to the controller; when the azimuth relation is different from the preset azimuth, the controller sends a starting signal to the communicator, the control unit obtains the starting signal from the communicator and controls the manipulator to start according to the starting signal, the radio receiver searches wireless signals from a running vehicle and sends the wireless signals to the controller through the communicator, the controller identifies the signal frequency of the wireless signals, the controller obtains the working frequency of the collector and compares the working frequency with the signal frequency, the working frequency of the collector is the frequency of electromagnetic waves when the collector works, when the working frequency and the signal frequency are located in the same frequency range, for example, the working frequency and the signal frequency are located in the same extremely high frequency range, the controller judges that the functional interference of the vehicle is the electromagnetic interference of communication equipment on the functional vehicle (such as a fire truck, a communication monitoring truck, an ambulance and the like), the controller controls the collector to stop working, and the controller controls the collector to start working after the wireless signals of the radio receiver are not received.
The position relation is different from the preset position, namely the collector is not interfered with the position of a fixed object existing on the ground, the manipulator is controlled by the controller to be started, the manipulator drives the radio receiver to search for the wireless signal on the moving vehicle, the controller identifies the signal frequency of the wireless signal, the controller obtains the working frequency of the collector, the signal frequency is compared with the working frequency, when the collector is positioned in the same frequency band, namely the wireless signal on the moving vehicle and the collector emit electromagnetic waves, the working of the collector is suspended, the influence of the collector work on the collection result due to the interference of the wireless signal is avoided, whether the past vehicle causes interference is detected, and the interference elimination range of the collector in the working process is enlarged.
The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and specific structures and features that are well known in the art are not described in detail herein. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the scope of the present invention, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the content of the claims, and the description of the specific embodiments and the like in the specification can be used for explaining the content of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The extraction method for the slope geology and support structure information is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, arranging a walking track on a side slope and a supporting structure, and enabling a collector to move along the walking track through a power mechanism;
s2, transmitting electromagnetic waves to the side slope and the supporting structure through the collector, receiving reflected waves reflected by the side slope and the supporting structure, judging the received reflected waves, and controlling the power mechanism to drive the collector to move according to a preset distance through the controller when the energy of the reflected waves is smaller than a preset value;
step S3, marking geological information of the slope and structural information of the supporting structure by using reflected waves which can be received by the collector on a point domain, marking the geological information and the structural information, establishing a slope model of the slope and the supporting structure according to the geological information, the structural information and the marks, calculating the real-time position of the collector on a walking track by using a processor according to the marks and a preset distance, determining the acquisition time of the collector by using the processor according to the interval between sending electromagnetic waves and receiving the reflected electromagnetic waves, enabling the processor to determine the absorption time of the electromagnetic waves in the slope model until the energy is reduced to be smaller than a preset value according to the acquisition time, and predicting abnormal positions by using the processor according to the difference value of the absorption time determined for a plurality of times;
and S4, identifying abnormal areas of the slope and the supporting structure from the slope model according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the media with different dielectric constants, and predicting the risk positions according to the slope model.
2. The method for extracting side slope geology and support structure information according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, a plurality of walking tracks are arranged, and each walking track is provided with a power mechanism and a collector, so that the power mechanisms on the plurality of walking tracks drive the collectors to move in opposite directions from staggered directions.
3. The method for extracting side slope geology and support structure information according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, after the collector moves, the environmental images of the side slope and the supporting structure are shot by the camera, the type of the interference object is identified from the environmental images, the azimuth relation between the collector and the interference object is judged according to the type of the interference object and the real-time position, the azimuth relation is compared with the preset azimuth, and when the azimuth relation is identical to the preset azimuth, the power mechanism is controlled by the controller to drive the collector to turn according to the preset angle.
4. The method for extracting side slope geology and support structure information according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the processor pre-judges the head collision positions of the collectors on the plurality of walking tracks according to the real-time positions and the acquisition time, and when the head collision positions of at least three collectors are positioned on the same vertical line perpendicular to the walking tracks, the processor sends a speed increasing signal or a speed reducing signal to the controller on the walking tracks, so that the controller controls the power mechanism to drive the collectors to move according to the speed increasing signal or the speed reducing signal.
5. The method for extracting the slope geology and support structure information according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, the controller controls the telescopic device on the power mechanism to drive the collector to lift and then move according to the preset height according to the speed increasing signal, and controls the telescopic device on the power mechanism to drive the collector to lower and then lift according to the preset height according to the speed reducing signal.
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