CN112946629B - Remote sensing detection system and detection method for air cloud system condensable water - Google Patents
Remote sensing detection system and detection method for air cloud system condensable water Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005442 atmospheric precipitation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remote sensing detection system for air cloud system condensable water, which comprises a Mie scattering laser radar for acquiring cloud bottom and cloud top height values, a rotation Raman laser radar for acquiring atmospheric temperature profile data, a wind-measuring laser radar for acquiring air flow vertical movement speed and a micro-rain radar for judging whether rainfall exists or not; the meter scattering laser radar, the rotation Raman laser radar, the wind-measuring laser radar and the rain-light radar are all connected to the data processing system. The detection method of the invention comprises the following steps: 1. and (3) calculating saturated vapor densities of the cloud bottom and the cloud top, 4, obtaining a vertical airflow movement speed, 5, calculating the condensable water amount in the atmosphere within a period of time, and 6, calculating the condensable water amount in the cloud. The invention can realize high-precision detection of the air condensable water quantity, and solves the problem that the air condensable water quantity can not be observed in the existing atmospheric science field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical fields of remote sensing technology and atmospheric science, in particular to a system for detecting the condensable water quantity of an aerial cloud system, and also relates to a method for detecting the condensable water quantity of the aerial cloud system by using the system.
Background
The atmospheric water resources in China are very abundant, however, researches show that 14% -18% of water vapor in the atmosphere can form precipitation at most, and even 2% of water vapor in some arid areas, such as Xinjiang areas, only 1.78% of water vapor drops to the ground, and more than 98% of water vapor becomes passing water, so that the atmospheric water resources in China have great development potential. The first step in developing water resources is to accurately evaluate the amount of cloud water resources in the air, i.e. the cloud precipitation potential, in a certain area. Attempts have been made to evaluate existing cloud water data in the air using pattern data, but since no direct observation data is provided, the pattern data has a lot of bias and uncertainty. Cloud precipitation potential is not an isolated value, and comprises cloud water existing in the cloud, horizontal input cloud water and vertical input cloud water, and is closely related to various macro-micro parameters in the cloud. Whether precipitation occurs during northern atmospheric stabilization periods depends primarily on the water vapor supply and the distribution of the updraft, i.e., the amount of condensable water in the atmosphere. The rising motion of air is one of the important conditions of clouding and raining to convey the water vapor of the lower layer to the high altitude. And scholars at home and abroad develop a lot of observation researches on macro-micro physical characteristics of the cloud through foundation equipment, airplanes and satellite detection. However, in cloud water condensables observation due to updraft, no instrument or method is currently available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a remote sensing detection system for the condensable water amount of an aerial cloud system, which can realize high-precision detection of the condensable water amount of the aerial cloud system, solve the problem that the observation of the condensable water amount in the air cannot be realized in the existing atmospheric science field, and can provide a technical support means for manually influencing weather operation.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method for detecting the condensable water amount of aerial cloud system by using the system.
The remote sensing detection system comprises a Mie scattering laser radar for acquiring cloud bottom and cloud top height values, a rotary Raman laser radar for acquiring atmospheric temperature profile data, a wind-measuring laser radar for acquiring vertical movement speed of air flow and a micro-rain radar for judging whether rainfall exists or not; the meter scattering laser radar, the rotation Raman laser radar, the wind-measuring laser radar and the rain-light radar are all connected to the data processing system.
The invention is also characterized in that the laser wavelength emitted by the Mie scattering laser radar is 355nm.
The laser wavelength emitted by the anemometry laser radar is 1550nm.
The rain radar is Ka-band radar.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that the remote sensing detection method of the condensable water quantity of the aerial cloud system comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a cloud sky, and vertically observing the sky by using a Mie scattering laser radar, a rotating Raman laser radar, a wind-measuring laser radar and a micro rain radar;
Step 2, acquiring a backward scattering signal P (z) of the rice scattering laser radar, and calculating to obtain a cloud bottom height Hbc and a cloud top height Htc;
Acquiring a backward scattering signal of the rotating Raman laser radar, converting into a temperature profile, and calculating saturated water vapor density SH (t) of the cloud bottom and the cloud top according to the temperature profile;
The specific steps for calculating the saturated water vapor density SH (t) of the cloud bottom and the cloud top are as follows:
Step 2.1, inverting PH (T, z) and PL (T, z) according to backscatter signals PH (T, z) and PL (T, z) obtained by rotating the Raman laser radar to obtain atmospheric temperature profile data, wherein echo signal wavelengths are 352.7nm and 353.9nm respectively, and the formula is as follows:
A. b, C is a system constant, the specific value varies with the laser radar system parameters, and A, B, C value needs to be calibrated by using sounding data.
Step 2.2, determining a cloud bottom temperature Tb and a cloud top temperature Ttc according to the cloud bottom height Hb and the cloud top height Htc;
step 2.3, calculating saturated water vapor pressures eb (T) and etc (T) of the cloud bottom and the cloud top according to temperature data of the cloud bottom and the cloud top, wherein the unit of a temperature profile T is the temperature, and a calculation formula of the saturated water vapor pressure is shown as follows:
e(T)＝610.8×exp[17.27T/(T+237.3)]； (2)
Step 2.4, calculating the cloud top and cloud bottom saturated vapor densities SHtc (t) and SHb (t) according to the water surface saturated vapor pressure and the temperature, wherein the saturated vapor density calculation formula is as follows;
SH(T)＝2.17×e(T)/(T+273.15)。 (3)
Acquiring wind speed data in the atmosphere by using a wind-measuring laser radar, and obtaining a vertical airflow movement speed v;
obtaining a Ka wave band echo signal by utilizing a rain radar;
step 3, correcting the vertical airflow movement velocity v by combining the Ka wave band echo signals obtained in the step 2;
The specific step of correcting the vertical airflow movement velocity v by combining the Ka wave band echo signals obtained in the step (3) is as follows:
Step 3.1, judging whether rainfall exists near the cloud layer according to echo signals obtained by the light rain radar;
step 3.2, if no rainfall occurs, the value obtained by the wind-measuring laser radar is the actual atmospheric vertical movement velocity v;
if rainfall occurs in the air, the vertical speed data is judged to be invalid, and detection is stopped.
Step 4, calculating the condensable water amount Pcong in the atmosphere within a period of time t0 according to the calculated saturated water vapor density SH (t) and the vertical movement speed v in the atmosphere by using the following formula
Step 5, calculating condensation water Pcong _bc entering the cloud layer according to the cloud bottom height Hb and the cloud top height Htc, and enabling the condensation water Pcong _tc escaping from the cloud top to flow out; the condensate water entering the cloud layer minus the condensate water escaping from the cloud top is the condensable water amount in the cloud
Pcong_c＝Pcong_bc-Pcong_tc。 (5)
The remote sensing detection system can realize high-precision detection of the air condensable water, solves the problem that the existing atmospheric science field can not realize direct observation of the air condensable water, and can provide a technical support means for weather operation, atmospheric precipitation forecast prediction and cloud water resource evaluation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system for detecting the amount of condensable water in an aerial cloud system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the method for detecting the condensable water amount of the aerial cloud system.
1. The system comprises a Mie scattering laser radar, a rotary Raman laser radar, a wind-measuring laser radar, a light rain radar and a data processing system.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention relates to a remote sensing detection system for the condensable water amount of an aerial cloud system, which comprises a Mie scattering laser radar 1 for acquiring cloud bottom and cloud top height values, a rotating Raman laser radar 2 for acquiring atmospheric temperature profile data, a wind-measuring laser radar 3 for acquiring the vertical movement speed of airflow and a micro-rain radar 4 for judging whether rainfall exists or not; the Mie Scattering laser radar 1, the rotating Raman laser radar 2, the anemometry laser radar 3 and the light rain radar 4 are all connected to a data processing system 5.
The wavelength of laser emitted by the meter scattering laser radar 1 is 355nm; the wavelength of laser emitted by the anemometry laser radar 3 is 1550nm; the rain radar 4 is a Ka band radar.
The invention discloses a remote sensing detection method for the condensable water amount of an aerial cloud system, which comprises the following steps of:
step 1, selecting a cloud sky, and vertically observing the sky by using a Mie scattering laser radar 1, a rotary Raman laser radar 2, a wind-measuring laser radar 3 and a micro rain radar 4 at the same time;
Step 2, acquiring a backward scattering signal P (z) of the rice scattering laser radar 1, and calculating to obtain a cloud bottom height Hbc and a cloud top height Htc;
Acquiring a backward scattering signal of the rotating Raman laser radar 2, converting into a temperature profile, and calculating saturated water vapor density SH (t) of the cloud bottom and the cloud top according to the temperature profile;
The specific steps for calculating the saturated water vapor density SH (t) of the cloud bottom and the cloud top are as follows:
Step 2.1, inverting the back scattering signals PH (T, z) and PL (T, z) acquired by the rotary Raman laser radar 2 to obtain atmospheric temperature profile data, wherein the echo signal wavelengths are 352.7nm and 353.9nm respectively, and the formula is as follows:
A. b, C is a system constant, the specific value varies with the laser radar system parameters, and A, B, C value needs to be calibrated by using sounding data.
Step 2.2, determining a cloud bottom temperature Tb and a cloud top temperature Ttc according to the cloud bottom height Hb and the cloud top height Htc;
step 2.3, calculating saturated water vapor pressures eb (T) and etc (T) of the cloud bottom and the cloud top according to temperature data of the cloud bottom and the cloud top, wherein the unit of a temperature profile T is the temperature, and a calculation formula of the saturated water vapor pressure is shown as follows:
e(T)＝610.8×exp[17.27T/(T+237.3)]； (7)
Step 2.4, calculating the cloud top and cloud bottom saturated vapor densities SHtc (t) and SHb (t) according to the water surface saturated vapor pressure and the temperature, wherein the saturated vapor density calculation formula is as follows;
SH(T)＝2.17×e(T)/(T+273.15)。 (8)
Acquiring wind speed data in the atmosphere by using a wind-measuring laser radar 3, and obtaining a vertical airflow movement speed v;
obtaining a Ka wave band echo signal by using a rain radar 4;
step 3, correcting the vertical airflow movement velocity v by combining the Ka wave band echo signals obtained in the step 2;
The specific step of correcting the vertical airflow movement velocity v by combining the Ka wave band echo signals obtained in the step (3) is as follows:
Step 3.1, judging whether rainfall exists near the cloud layer according to the echo signals obtained by the light rain radar 4;
Step 3.2, if no rainfall occurs, the value obtained by the wind-measuring laser radar 3 is the actual vertical movement velocity v of the atmosphere;
if rainfall occurs in the air, the vertical speed data is judged to be invalid, and detection is stopped.
Step 4, calculating the condensable water amount Pcong in the atmosphere within a period of time t0 according to the calculated saturated water vapor density SH (t) and the vertical movement speed v in the atmosphere by using the following formula
Step 5, calculating condensation water Pcong _bc entering the cloud layer according to the cloud bottom height Hb and the cloud top height Htc, and enabling the condensation water Pcong _tc escaping from the cloud top to flow out; the condensate water entering the cloud layer minus the condensate water escaping from the cloud top is the condensable water amount in the cloud
Pcong_c＝Pcong_bc-Pcong_tc。 (10)。
Claims (1)
1. The application method of the remote sensing system for the air cloud system condensable water quantity is realized by adopting the remote sensing system for the air cloud system condensable water quantity, and the specific structure is as follows: the system comprises a Mie scattering laser radar (1) for acquiring cloud bottom and cloud top height values, a rotating Raman laser radar (2) for acquiring atmospheric temperature profile data, a wind-measuring laser radar (3) for acquiring the vertical movement speed of air flow and a micro rain radar (4) for judging whether rainfall exists or not; the meter scattering laser radar (1), the rotation Raman laser radar (2), the wind-measuring laser radar (3) and the micro rain radar (4) are all connected to the data processing system (5), the micro rain radar (4) is a Ka wave band radar, the laser wavelength emitted by the meter scattering laser radar (1) is 355nm, the laser wavelength emitted by the wind-measuring laser radar (3) is 1550nm, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step 1, selecting a cloud sky, and simultaneously vertically observing the sky by using a Mie scattering laser radar (1), a rotating Raman laser radar (2), a wind-measuring laser radar (3) and a micro rain radar (4);
Step 2, acquiring a back scattering signal P (z) of the rice scattering laser radar (1), and calculating to obtain a cloud bottom height H bc and a cloud top height H tc;
Acquiring a backward scattering signal of the rotating Raman laser radar (2), inverting a temperature profile, and calculating saturated water vapor density S H (t) of the cloud bottom and the cloud top according to the temperature profile;
acquiring wind speed data in the atmosphere by using a wind-measuring laser radar (3), and obtaining a vertical airflow movement speed v;
obtaining a Ka wave band echo signal by using a rain radar (4);
step 3, correcting the vertical airflow movement velocity v by combining the Ka wave band echo signals obtained in the step 2;
Step 4, calculating the condensation water quantity P in the atmosphere within a period of time t 0 by using the following formula according to the calculated saturated water vapor density content S H (t) of the cloud base and the vertical airflow speed v of the cloud base cong
Wherein: p cong is the condensation water quantity, the unit is m 3,SH (T, T) is the saturated water vapor density content of the cloud base, the unit is kg/m 3, v (T) is the vertical air flow speed of the cloud base, the unit is m/s, and the unit is the temperature;
Step 5, calculating condensation water P cong_bc entering the cloud layer and condensable water P cong_tc escaping from the cloud top according to the cloud bottom height H b and the cloud top height H tc; the condensate water entering the cloud layer minus the condensate water escaping from the cloud top is the condensable water amount in the cloud
Pcong_c＝Pcong_bc-Pcong_tc (12)
The specific steps of calculating the saturated water vapor density S H (t) of the cloud bottom and the cloud top in the step 2 are as follows:
Step 2.1, inverting the back scattering signals P H (T, z) and P L(T,z),PH (T, z) and P L (T, z) acquired according to the rotating Raman laser radar (2) to obtain atmospheric temperature profile data, wherein the wavelengths of echo signals are 352.7nm and 353.9nm respectively, and the formula is as follows:
A. b, C is a system constant, the specific value changes along with the laser radar system parameters, and A, B, C value is required to be calibrated by using sounding data;
Step 2.2, determining a cloud bottom temperature T b and a cloud top temperature T tc according to the cloud bottom height H bc and the cloud top height H tc;
Step 2.3, calculating saturated water vapor pressures e b (T) and e tc (T) of the cloud bottom and the cloud top according to temperature data of the cloud bottom and the cloud top, wherein the unit of a temperature profile T is the temperature, and a calculation formula of the saturated water vapor pressure is shown as follows:
e(T)＝610.8×exp[17.27T/(T+237.3)] (14)
step 2.4, calculating to obtain cloud top and cloud bottom saturated vapor densities S Htc (t) and S Hb (t) according to the water surface saturated vapor pressure and the temperature, wherein the saturated vapor density calculation formula is as follows;
SH(T)＝2.17×e(T)/(T+273.15) (15)
The specific step of correcting the vertical airflow movement velocity v by combining the Ka wave band echo signals obtained in the step (3) is as follows:
step 3.1, judging whether rainfall exists near the cloud layer according to echo signals obtained by the light rain radar (4);
step 3.2, if no rainfall occurs, the value obtained by the wind-measuring laser radar (3) is the actual vertical movement velocity v of the atmosphere;
if rainfall occurs in the air, the vertical speed data is judged to be invalid, and detection is stopped.
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| JP2000002763A (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 2000-01-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Air current detecting method and laser radar device |
| CN108614309A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-02 | 西安理工大学 | Cloud water resource detection system and method |
| CN110031868A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-19 | 国耀量子雷达科技有限公司 | A method of based on coherent wind laser radar carrier-to-noise ratio inversion boundary layer height |
| CN112269189A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-26 | 西安理工大学 | Method for detecting aerosol mass concentration profile by using single-wavelength laser radar |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000002763A (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 2000-01-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Air current detecting method and laser radar device |
| CN108614309A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-02 | 西安理工大学 | Cloud water resource detection system and method |
| CN110031868A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-19 | 国耀量子雷达科技有限公司 | A method of based on coherent wind laser radar carrier-to-noise ratio inversion boundary layer height |
| CN112269189A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-26 | 西安理工大学 | Method for detecting aerosol mass concentration profile by using single-wavelength laser radar |
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