CN112944813A - Material temperature measuring system and method of continuous production type freeze-drying equipment - Google Patents
Material temperature measuring system and method of continuous production type freeze-drying equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112944813A CN112944813A CN202110401751.4A CN202110401751A CN112944813A CN 112944813 A CN112944813 A CN 112944813A CN 202110401751 A CN202110401751 A CN 202110401751A CN 112944813 A CN112944813 A CN 112944813A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
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Abstract
The utility model provides a material temperature measurement system of continuous production type freeze-drying equipment, freeze-drying equipment includes freeze-drying storehouse and sets up the dry heating device in freeze-drying storehouse inside, dry heating device has the multilayer range upon range of hot plate, material temperature measurement system is including setting up a plurality of temperature measuring device on dry heating device's the hot plate, temperature measuring device includes temperature element, stroke pole and control temperature element extends and the hydraulic cylinder that contracts, works as the material is followed freeze-drying storehouse moves to the discharge end from the pan feeding end, temperature measuring device real-time detection the temperature parameter of each sublimation interface of material. Because the temperature measuring device adopts the contact temperature measuring element with a telescopic design and is matched with the hydraulic oil cylinder, the temperature change of the surface of the material to the sublimation interface inside the material can be accurately measured. Moreover, the temperature measuring devices are distributed along the feeding end to the discharging end of the freeze-drying equipment, so that the temperature change in the production process of freeze-dried products can be accurately fed back and controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a freeze drying system, in particular to a material temperature measuring system and method of continuous production type freeze drying equipment.
Background
The freeze-drying equipment is also called vacuum freeze-drying equipment, and is characterized by that the materials of food and medicine, etc. are frozen to below their eutectic point temp. to make the water content be changed into solid ice, then under the vacuum environment the ice can be directly sublimated into water vapour, then the water vapour can be condensed by means of water-catching device so as to finally dry the product. For example, prior art's freeze-drying equipment, according to the heating volume in freeze-drying storehouse, can once only send into the storehouse body with corresponding quantity material and carry out vacuum drying, whole materials cool down through quick-freeze tunnel, make the temperature of material be less than its eutectic point, then adopt vacuum drying process, directly sublimate into gaseous state rapid evaporation with the moisture in the material from solid-state. The formed freeze-dried product is spongy, has no drying shrinkage, good rehydration property and extremely low moisture content, maintains the original structural performance and nutritional ingredients of the product, and can be preserved and transported for a long time at normal temperature after being correspondingly packaged. In the process of freeze-drying the material, the accurate temperature measurement of the material has an important relationship with the optimization of the freeze-drying process. For example, in the sublimation drying process, the temperature of the material to be dried needs to be controlled to be lower than the eutectic point or collapse temperature thereof, so as to improve the mass transfer rate; in the desorption drying process, the temperature of the material to be dried needs to be controlled to be lower than the collapse temperature or the denaturation temperature, the residual moisture content needs to be controlled, and the like.
However, most of the temperature measurement in the prior art adopts a contact type temperature measurement method, most of the temperature measurement elements are thermocouples or thermistors, the temperature measurement elements are inserted into the material to be close to the central position when a freeze-dried product is produced, and then the thermocouple plugs are installed on the sockets at fixed positions. The invention discloses an infrared temperature measuring technology which can enable infrared rays to accurately irradiate materials in a freeze-drying bin, is named as an infrared temperature measuring system of a vacuum freeze-drying machine, is disclosed in the invention patent application No. 201410157245.5, and is also suitable for continuous production type freeze-drying equipment because the temperature is measured wirelessly and is not required to be directly contacted with the materials to be measured. However, the infrared temperature measuring device can only measure the surface temperature of the material, and cannot measure the temperature of the central position of the material, so that the temperature change in the production process of the freeze-dried product cannot be accurately fed back.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a material temperature measuring system and method of continuous production type freeze-drying equipment.
According to one aspect of the invention, the material temperature measuring system of the continuous production type freeze-drying equipment is provided, the freeze-drying equipment comprises a freeze-drying bin and a drying heating device arranged in the freeze-drying bin, the drying heating device is provided with a plurality of layers of laminated heating plates, the material temperature measuring system comprises a plurality of temperature measuring devices arranged on the heating plates of the drying heating device, each temperature measuring device comprises a temperature measuring element, a travel rod and a hydraulic oil cylinder for controlling the temperature measuring elements to extend and retract, and when the material moves from a feeding end to a discharging end along the freeze-drying bin, the temperature measuring devices detect temperature parameters of sublimation interfaces of the material in real time.
The hydraulic oil cylinder is a thin hydraulic oil cylinder.
The system also comprises a gas-liquid converter arranged on the outer side of the freezing and drying cabin body.
The temperature measuring element is a telescopic contact thermocouple.
The temperature measuring element is a platinum resistance sensor.
The temperature measuring device is arranged on the top heating plate of the drying and heating device.
The temperature measuring devices are distributed along the feeding end to the discharging end of the freeze drying bin.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a material temperature measuring method of a continuous production type freeze-drying apparatus including a freeze-drying compartment and a drying and heating device provided inside the freeze-drying compartment, the drying and heating device having a plurality of heating plates laminated in layers, the method including the steps of:
A. a telescopic contact temperature measuring element is adopted to measure the temperature of the material fed into the top heating plate;
B. continuously measuring the temperature of each sublimation interface of the material;
C. recording the temperature of the central sublimation interface of the material when the temperature of the central sublimation interface of the material is measured by the temperature measuring element;
D. when the temperature of the central position of the material is measured by the temperature measuring element, recording the temperature of the central position;
E. and calculating the temperature difference between the temperature of the central position and the temperature of the central sublimation interface.
The step A also comprises the step of keeping the temperature measuring element in contact with the measured material for a preset time.
The method further comprises the step of calculating and storing an average temperature over the predetermined time.
According to the material temperature measuring system and method of the continuous production type freeze-drying equipment, the temperature measuring device adopts the contact type temperature measuring element with the telescopic design and is matched with the hydraulic oil cylinder to control the action of the temperature measuring element, so that the temperature change from the surface of the material to the sublimation interface inside the material can be accurately measured. Moreover, the temperature measuring devices are distributed from the feeding end to the discharging end of the freeze-drying equipment, so that the temperature change in the production process of freeze-dried products can be accurately fed back and controlled, and the quality of the freeze-dried products is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view showing a freeze-drying apparatus to which a material temperature measuring system of a continuous production type freeze-drying apparatus according to the present invention is applied.
Fig. 2A is a schematic view of a material feeding end of the lyophilization apparatus shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 2B is a schematic view showing a feeding device feeding a tray loaded with materials into the drying and heating device shown in fig. 2A.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a temperature measuring device of a material temperature measuring system of the continuous production type freeze-drying apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the temperature measuring device shown in FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a structure of one temperature measuring element of the temperature measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart showing a material temperature measuring method of the continuous production type freeze-drying apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a process of measuring temperature of the material shown in FIG. 6 applied to a freeze-dried cooked rice product.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention and accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments.
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view showing a freeze-drying apparatus to which a material temperature measuring system of a continuous production type freeze-drying apparatus according to the present invention is applied, fig. 2A is a schematic view showing a material feeding end of the freeze-drying apparatus shown in fig. 1, and fig. 2B is a schematic view showing a feeding means for feeding a tray loaded with a material into a drying and heating apparatus shown in fig. 2A. The figure partially shows a material temperature measuring system according to the invention, and also partially shows the structure in the freeze drying bin. Referring to fig. 1, 2A and 2B, the continuous production type freeze-drying apparatus includes a freeze-drying chamber 30, and a feeding transition chamber 31 and a discharging transition chamber 32 respectively disposed in front of and behind the freeze-drying chamber 30. The feeding transition bin 31 and the discharging transition bin 32 are respectively provided with a feeding device 311 and a discharging device 321. The feeding device 311 is used for continuously feeding the trays carrying the materials into the bin of the freeze drying bin 30, and the latter is provided with a feeding device which comprises a lifting device 33 used for continuously and circularly distributing the trays from the feeding transition bin to a drying and heating device 34 inside the freeze drying bin 30. The drying and heating device 34 includes a plurality of layers of heating plates 341, and the lifting device 33 continues the lifting operation after the tray 10 is sent to the first layer of heating plate 341 of the drying and heating device 34, and sends the subsequent tray 10 to the second layer of heating plate 341, and so on and operates in a cycle. The material fed into the drying and heating device 34 is finally discharged from the discharge end of the freeze drying bin after being dried and heated for a long time in the bin body 30, and can be discharged into a packing workshop for packing through the discharge device 321. Preferably, the interior of the cartridge body 30 is provided with, for example, drying and heating devices 34 having left and right sides substantially symmetrical. The continuous production type freeze-drying equipment adopts freeze-drying equipment with double-side alternate cold traps, and can realize continuous and uninterrupted production of freeze-dried products by matching with alternate refrigeration water capture and defrosting drainage. Because the freeze-drying equipment adopting the alternating cold traps can perform alternating defrosting according to different process designated time of various articles including food, namely, the cold traps on one side perform refrigeration and water capture, and the cold traps on the other side perform defrosting and water drainage, the freeze-drying efficiency is higher than that of the traditional equipment only adopting a single cold trap.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a temperature measuring device of a material temperature measuring system of a continuous production type freeze-drying apparatus according to the present invention, and fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the temperature measuring device shown in fig. 3. Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, the material temperature measuring system of the continuous production type freeze-drying apparatus according to the present invention includes a temperature measuring device 36, and the temperature measuring device 36 is disposed on, for example, a top heating plate 341 of the drying and heating device 34 in the freeze-drying chamber 30. Preferably, a plurality of temperature measuring devices 36 are disposed in the whole area of the heating plate 341 of the drying and heating device 34 from the material inlet end to the material outlet end of the freeze drying bin 30. Because the processed material is transferred from the feeding end of the continuous production type freeze-drying equipment to the discharging end gradually, the temperature change conditions of the sublimation interface of the material, including the temperature of the surface of the material in real time until the temperature of the central position of the material, can be detected in real time by the plurality of temperature measuring devices 36 distributed from the feeding end to the discharging end. The sublimation interface refers to an interface where ice crystals in the material are separated from the material and sublimate into water vapor, and because the evaporation of water in the material is from the surface to the inside in the vacuum drying process, the sublimation interface of the material moves from the surface to the inside in the freeze-drying production process and finally reaches the central position, namely the process of dehydration and drying of the material is completed. The temperature measuring device 36 includes, for example, a temperature measuring element 361, a hydraulic ram 362, and a trip lever 363 in accordance with the present invention. The temperature sensing element 361 is, for example, a contact thermocouple element, and the hydraulic ram 362 is, for example, a thin hydraulic ram that can be extended or retracted outwardly and adjusted in stroke measurement under the control of the hydraulic ram 362 and the stroke rod 363. Preferably, the material temperature measuring system according to the present invention further includes a gas-liquid converter 365 disposed outside the bin body 30, the thin hydraulic cylinder 362 is used in cooperation with the gas-liquid converter 365, on one hand, a hydraulic station is not needed, on the other hand, wear-resistant and pressure-resistant oil is filled inside the gas-liquid converter 365, the wear-resistant and pressure-resistant oil in the gas-liquid converter is pushed by compressed air, and then the oil pipe and the hydraulic cylinder 362 are connected to push the stroke rod 363 to move, so that the probe of the temperature measuring element 361 can be stably inserted into the material and can be controlled to freely extend and retract. This is because the mechanical action of hydraulic cylinder relative to the cylinder is more stable, and can also adjust the action speed of temperature element 361 through the pressure of adjusting compressed air, has accomplished the adjustable speed of flexible action to make the temperature measurement data more stable.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of one temperature measuring element 361 of the temperature measuring device 36 shown in FIG. 4. Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the temperature measuring element 361 is, for example, a platinum resistance temperature sensor, and its structure includes, for example, a stainless steel stepped tube 3611, a stainless steel compression spring 3612, a nickel-plated copper head 3613, and so on. After the material is carried by a tray and sent to the heating plate 341 of the drying and heating device 34 in the bin body 30 through the feeding transition bin 31, the material is integrally condensed into a block after being quickly frozen, and the surface of the material is hard, so that at the initial stage of vacuum drying, the probe of the temperature measuring element 361 close to the feeding end of the bin body 30 is retracted, and only the surface temperature of the material can be measured by contacting the surface of the material. Along with the lapse of time, the drying degree of material promotes, the surface becomes crisp, inside is loose relatively, the probe of the temperature measurement component 361 who sets up the follow-up position in storehouse body 30 under the control of hydraulic cylinder 362 and stroke pole 363, can insert gradually to the inside of material and measure the temperature, the temperature parameter of each sublimation interface of continuous measurement material, until the material has accomplished the dehydration dry process at vacuum drying later stage, the probe of temperature measurement component 361 can insert the core temperature that the inside central point of material measured the material, can obtain the temperature variation parameter of material sublimation interface and the inside drying temperature parameter of material according to the sublimed technology change of material moisture from this.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart showing a material temperature measuring method of the continuous production type freeze-drying apparatus according to the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 to 6, step S61, the system starts the temperature measuring device 36 to measure the temperature of the material in the tray of the top heating plate 341 sent from the lifting device 33 to the drying and heating device 34. In the first temperature measurement, the material is wholly condensed into blocks after being quickly frozen, the surface of the material is hard, and the temperature of the surface of the material is measured by the temperature measuring element 361 at the moment. With the lapse of time, the dryness of the material is promoted, and the probe of the subsequent temperature measuring element 361 can be gradually inserted into the material from shallow to deep, and the temperature parameter of each sublimation interface of the material is continuously measured. Step S62, the system judges whether the temperature measuring device 36 measures the temperature of the material central sublimation interface, if not, the system returns to the step S61 to continue the next round of temperature measurement; if so, the system records the temperature of the central sublimation front at step S63 and continues with the next thermometry. Step S64, the system judges whether the temperature measuring device 36 measures the temperature of the material center position, if not, the temperature is measured after the material is further dried; if so, the system records the temperature of the center location of the material at step S65. And step S66, when the temperature of the material center position calculated by the system and the temperature of the material center sublimation interface are within a preset temperature difference range, judging that the material is dried.
In the above process, in steps S62 and S65, for example, the system can determine whether to measure the temperature of the sublimation front of the material and the temperature of the center of the material according to the depth of the temperature measuring element 361 inserted into the material, or can make a determination according to the statistical data accumulated in the production process, or according to the time and/or position of the tray moving in the freeze-drying chamber 30.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a process of measuring temperature of the material shown in FIG. 6 applied to a freeze-dried cooked rice product. Referring to fig. 6 and 7 together, in step S71, the system activates the temperature measuring device 36 to measure the temperature of the material in the tray of the top heating plate 341, for example, when the temperature measurement is performed for the first time, the hydraulic cylinder 362 drives the temperature measuring element 361 to extend outward to contact the surface of the material to be measured for a predetermined time. In step S72, the system determines whether the temperature measurement has reached the predetermined time, if not, the system continues to wait, if yes, the system calculates and stores the average temperature in the predetermined time in step S73. Step S74, the system judges whether the temperature measuring device 36 measures the temperature of the material central sublimation interface, if not, the system returns to the step S71 to continue the next round of temperature measurement; if so, the system records the temperature of the central sublimation front at step S75 and continues with the next thermometry. Step S76, the system judges whether the temperature measuring device 36 measures the temperature of the material center position, if not, the temperature is measured after the material is further dried; if so, the system measures and records the temperature of the center location of the material at step S77. And step S78, when the temperature of the center of the material and the temperature of the sublimation interface of the center of the material are calculated by the system to be within a preset temperature difference range, judging that the freeze-dried rice is dried.
In the above flow, the steps S71 to S74 may have multiple cycles, and each cycle of temperature measurement is to measure the temperature of the sublimation interface where the material gradually moves from outside to inside. According to an embodiment of the present invention, for example, the time for measuring the temperature may be calculated by a common multiple of 1 and 4 of the top heating plate 341 of the drying and heating device 34 to which the tray is transferred by the elevating device 33. For example, the first temperature measurement is designed to be a time when the lifting device 33 first sends the tray to the top heating plate 341, the second temperature measurement is designed to be a time when the lifting device 33 fourth sends the tray to the top heating plate 341, the third temperature measurement is designed to be a time when the lifting device 33 eighth sends the tray to the top heating plate 341, and so on. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the process time of freeze-dried rice is set to 16 hours, for example, and it is assumed that the sublimation front of the material moves to about the inner center thereof when the process time is 13 hours, and the temperature measured at this time is, for example, referred to as the temperature of the central sublimation front of the material. Because the ice crystals at the center of the material are not completely sublimated, the heating is continued. When the process time reaches 16 hours, the ice crystals in the center of the material are also completely sublimated, and the measured temperature is referred to as the temperature in the center of the material. For example, when the temperature difference between the temperature of the central position of the material and the sublimation interface of the central position of the material is calculated to be plus or minus 1 ℃, the drying process of the freeze-dried rice is finished.
The material temperature measuring system of the continuous production type freeze-drying equipment is provided with a processor and is used for executing the method.
Various changes and modifications may be suggested to one skilled in the art based on the teachings herein, but are within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a material temperature measurement system of continuous production type freeze-drying equipment, freeze-drying equipment includes freeze-drying storehouse and sets up the dry heating device in freeze-drying storehouse inside, dry heating device has the multilayer range upon range of hot plate, its characterized in that, material temperature measurement system is including setting up a plurality of temperature measuring device on dry heating device's the hot plate, temperature measuring device includes temperature element, stroke pole and control the hydraulic cylinder that temperature element extends and contracts, works as the material is followed freeze-drying storehouse moves to the discharge end from the pan feeding end, temperature measuring device real-time detection the temperature parameter of each sublimation interface of material.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the hydraulic ram is a thin hydraulic ram.
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising an air-to-liquid converter disposed outside the freeze drying cartridge body.
4. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature sensing element is a retractable contact thermocouple.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the temperature sensing element is a platinum resistance sensor.
6. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature measuring device is disposed on a top heating plate of the drying heating device.
7. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature measuring devices are distributed along a length from an inlet end to an outlet end of the freeze drying chamber.
8. A material temperature measuring method of continuous production type freeze-drying equipment, wherein the freeze-drying equipment comprises a freeze-drying bin and a drying and heating device arranged inside the freeze-drying bin, the drying and heating device is provided with a plurality of layers of laminated heating plates, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. a telescopic contact temperature measuring element is adopted to measure the temperature of the material fed into the top heating plate;
B. continuously measuring the temperature of each sublimation interface of the material;
C. recording the temperature of the central sublimation interface of the material when the temperature of the central sublimation interface of the material is measured by the temperature measuring element;
D. when the temperature of the central position of the material is measured by the temperature measuring element, recording the temperature of the central position;
E. and calculating the temperature difference between the temperature of the central position and the temperature of the central sublimation interface.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein step a further comprises the step of maintaining the temperature sensing element in contact with the material being measured for a predetermined period of time.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of calculating and storing an average temperature over the predetermined time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110401751.4A CN112944813A (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | Material temperature measuring system and method of continuous production type freeze-drying equipment |
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| CN202110401751.4A CN112944813A (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2021-04-14 | Material temperature measuring system and method of continuous production type freeze-drying equipment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115682645A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-02-03 | 浙江同景冻干科技有限公司 | Freeze-drying equipment of contact heating |
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2021
- 2021-04-14 CN CN202110401751.4A patent/CN112944813A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115682645A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-02-03 | 浙江同景冻干科技有限公司 | Freeze-drying equipment of contact heating |
| CN115682645B (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2024-04-09 | 浙江同景冻干科技有限公司 | Freeze-drying equipment of contact heating |
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