CN112943562A - Blade of wind generating set, detection device and method - Google Patents
Blade of wind generating set, detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112943562A CN112943562A CN202110390517.6A CN202110390517A CN112943562A CN 112943562 A CN112943562 A CN 112943562A CN 202110390517 A CN202110390517 A CN 202110390517A CN 112943562 A CN112943562 A CN 112943562A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The invention provides a blade of a wind generating set, a detection device and a detection method, wherein the detection device comprises at least one detection module, the detection module comprises a plurality of distance meters, a reflecting plane and a control unit, the plurality of distance meters are arranged at the section of a first blade, the plurality of distance meters are arranged at intervals along the first direction and/or the second direction of the blade, the reflecting plane is arranged at the section of a second blade, each distance meter emits measuring light in the same specific direction to the reflecting plane, and the specific direction is parallel to the unfolding direction of the blade; the control unit is used for determining the rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the first direction and/or the second direction when the blade rotates according to the first distance detected by the plurality of distance meters of the at least one detection module when the blade rotates, the second distance detected by the plurality of distance meters of the at least one detection module when the blade is not deformed and the third distance between the two adjacent distance meters of the at least one detection module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wind generating sets, in particular to a blade of a wind generating set, a detection device and a detection method.
Background
With the increasing size of the blades, the deformation of the blades becomes a key factor for designing the blades, but the deformation of the blades only depends on the calculation result of a software theory, and how the deformation is difficult to know in the actual operation process of a wind field. Currently, the real-time monitoring of the blade deformation of the wind generating set is still a big problem, and no mature and effective method is available for real-time and all-around monitoring of the blade deformation, so that the real-time monitoring technology of the blade deformation becomes an important technology to be broken through.
At present, to blade deflection monitoring in the trade, there is not effective method yet to carry out real-time supervision to blade omnidirectional angular deformation, can only accomplish relatively effective monitoring blade headroom, monitors the minimum distance of apex apart from tower section of thick bamboo surface promptly, and this tactics are realized more easily relatively, have reduced the monitoring degree of difficulty. For monitoring the clearance of the blade, two relatively effective methods are available at present, the first method is to install a plurality of millimeter wave radars or laser radars on a tower barrel to monitor the distance from the blade tip to the tower barrel, and the second method is to install a camera on an engine room to shoot the gesture of the blade passing through the tower barrel and monitor the distance from the blade tip to the tower barrel through image recognition. Whether the sensor is installed on a tower or under a cabin, the sensor must be exposed outdoors, and the monitoring result may be affected when extreme weather, such as heavy rain, snow, ice, frost and the like, occurs.
For monitoring the rotation deformation (namely the rotation angle) of the blade, the real-time rotation angle of the blade is monitored by using an inclinometer, but the working principle of the inclinometer needs to refer to the gravity acceleration direction, usually only part of the azimuth angle of the blade during rotation can be measured, the rotation angle measuring function is lost once the working principle exceeds the range, the inclinometer cannot identify whether the rotation angle is caused by the deformation in the swing direction or the deformation in the waving direction, the accuracy of the inclinometer for measuring the dynamic rotation angle is relatively low, and the monitoring result has limited effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a blade of a wind generating set, a detection device and a detection method.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a detection device for monitoring a rotation angle of a blade of a wind turbine generator set, the detection device comprising at least one detection module, the detection module comprising:
the range finders are arranged in the blade and are arranged at the section of the first blade at intervals along the first direction and/or the second direction of the blade, the first direction is the swing direction of the blade, and the second direction is the waving direction of the blade;
the reflecting plane is arranged in the blade and at the section of a second blade, the sections of the first blade and the second blade are arranged at intervals along the span direction of the blade, and the direction from the section of the first blade to the section of the second blade is consistent with the direction from the blade root to the blade tip of the blade; and
the control unit is electrically connected with each distance meter;
each distance meter emits measuring light rays in the same specific direction to the light reflecting plane, and the specific direction is parallel to the unfolding direction of the blade;
the control unit is used for determining the rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the first direction and/or the second direction when the blade rotates according to a first distance between the at least one distance meter of the detection module and the light reflecting plane when the blade rotates, a second distance between the at least one distance meter of the detection module and the light reflecting plane when the blade is not deformed and a third distance between two adjacent distance meters of the at least one detection module.
Optionally, the number of the detection modules is one, the first blade section is close to a blade root of the blade, and the second blade section is close to a blade tip of the blade.
Optionally, the number of the detection modules is multiple, the detection modules are arranged along the span direction of the blade, and the light reflecting plane of the current detection module is coplanar with the detection plane of the distance meter of the next detection module.
Optionally, the rotation angle comprises a first rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the yaw direction, and at least two of the plurality of distance meters are arranged at intervals along the first direction of the blade;
the control unit is used for determining the first rotation angle according to first distances corresponding to at least two distance measuring instruments arranged at intervals along the first direction, second distances corresponding to at least two distance measuring instruments arranged at intervals along the first direction and third distances between at least two distance measuring instruments arranged at intervals along the first direction.
Optionally, the rotation angle comprises a second rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the flapping direction, and at least two of the plurality of distance meters are arranged at intervals along the second direction of the blade;
the control unit is used for determining the second rotation angle according to first distances corresponding to at least two distance measuring instruments arranged at intervals along the second direction, second distances corresponding to at least two distance measuring instruments arranged at intervals along the second direction and third distances between at least two distance measuring instruments arranged at intervals along the second direction.
Optionally, the turning angles comprise a first turning angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the pitch direction and a second turning angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the flapwise direction;
the number of the distance measuring instruments is three, the three distance measuring instruments are arranged in a right triangle, one right-angle side of the right triangle is parallel to the first direction, and the other right-angle side of the right triangle is parallel to the second direction;
the control unit is used for determining the first corner according to first distances corresponding to two distance measuring instruments arranged at intervals along the first direction, second distances corresponding to the two distance measuring instruments arranged at intervals along the first direction and third distances between the two distance measuring instruments arranged at intervals along the first direction;
the control unit is further configured to determine the second rotation angle according to a first distance corresponding to two distance meters arranged at intervals in the second direction, a second distance corresponding to two distance meters arranged at intervals in the second direction, and a third distance between the two distance meters arranged at intervals in the second direction.
Optionally, the light reflecting plane is coplanar with the second blade section, the light reflecting plane being parallel to the first blade section when the blade is undeformed.
Optionally, the light reflecting plane is perpendicular to the web of the blade.
Optionally, the light reflecting plane is received in a space formed by the trailing edge web of the blade and the outer shell of the blade.
Optionally, the detection faces of a plurality of said rangefinders are all coplanar with said first blade section.
Optionally, the detection module further includes a mounting bracket, the mounting bracket is disposed near the first blade section, and the plurality of distance meters are mounted on the mounting bracket.
Optionally, the rangefinder is a laser rangefinder.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a blade of a wind turbine generator system, comprising:
a blade main body; and
the detection apparatus of any one of the first aspect, housed within the blade body.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a detection method for monitoring a rotational angle of a blade of a wind turbine generator set, the blade comprises at least one detection module, the detection module comprises a plurality of distance meters and a light reflecting plane, wherein the plurality of distance meters and the light reflecting plane are all arranged in the blade, the plurality of distance meters are all arranged at the section of the first blade, the plurality of distance meters are arranged at intervals along the first direction and/or the second direction of the blade, the first direction is a swing direction of the blade, the second direction is a flap direction of the blade, the reflecting plane is arranged at the section of the second blade, the sections of the first blade and the second blade are arranged at intervals along the spanwise direction of the blade, each distance meter emits measuring light rays in the same specific direction to the light reflecting plane, and the specific direction is parallel to the unfolding direction of the blade; the method comprises the following steps:
when the blade rotates, first distances from the plurality of distance meters of at least one detection module to the light reflecting plane are obtained;
according to a first distance between each of the at least one distance meter of the detection module and a light reflecting plane, a second distance between each of the at least one distance meter of the detection module and the light reflecting plane when the blade is not deformed, and a third distance between two adjacent distance meters of the at least one detection module, when the blade rotates, a rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the first direction and/or the second direction is determined.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least one detection module is arranged in the blade, and through the matching of a plurality of distance meters of the detection module and the light reflecting plane, when the blade deforms, the light reflecting plane rotates and deforms, and the change of the distance between each distance meter and the light reflecting plane before and after the blade deforms can be determined according to the first distance measured by each distance meter, so that the rotating angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the first direction and/or the second direction can be calculated.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the structure of a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rangefinder in an undeformed configuration in relation to a reflective surface in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the position of the rangefinder with respect to the reflective surface when the vane is undeformed and after deformation of the vane in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a detection method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a range finder; 2. a light reflecting plane; 3. a control unit; 4. and (7) mounting frames.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
The blade, the detection device and the method of the wind generating set of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The features of the following examples and embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a wind turbine generator system that may include an impeller, a generator, a nacelle, and a tower.
The blade may include a blade body and a detection device housed in the blade body for monitoring a rotational angle of the blade.
Hereinafter, the structure of the detecting device of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
The detection device of the embodiment of the invention comprises at least one detection module, and the detection device comprises one detection module for explanation. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the detection module according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of distance meters 1, a light reflecting plane 2 and a control unit 3, wherein the number of the distance meters 1 is multiple, the plurality of distance meters 1 are all installed in a blade, the plurality of distance meters 1 are all disposed at a cross section of a first blade, the plurality of distance meters 1 are arranged at intervals along a first direction and/or a second direction of the blade, the first direction is a swing direction of the blade, and the second direction is a swing direction of the blade. Further, the reflecting plane 2 is arranged in the blade, and the reflecting plane 2 of the embodiment is arranged at the section of the second blade. In this embodiment, first blade cross-section and second blade cross-section are arranged along the span direction interval of blade, and that is to say, first blade cross-section and second blade cross-section are located the different positions of span direction respectively, specifically can install distancer 1 and reflection of light plane 2 respectively at two blade cross-sections punishment that need measure relative corner. The control unit 3 of this embodiment is electrically connected to each distance meter 1, and the control unit 3 may control each distance meter 1 to operate, and may also obtain distance information detected by the distance meter 1.
In the embodiment of the present invention, each distance meter 1 emits a measuring light (e.g., a black bold line in fig. 1 and 3) in the same specific direction to the reflective plane 2, and the specific direction is parallel to the extending direction of the blade, so as to detect the first distance from the distance meter 1 to the reflective plane 2.
The control unit 3 is configured to determine a rotation angle between a cross section of the first blade and a cross section of the second blade in the first direction and/or the second direction when the blade rotates according to a first distance between each of the plurality of distance meters 1 of the at least one detection module and the light reflecting plane 2 when the blade rotates, a second distance between each of the plurality of distance meters 1 of the at least one detection module and the light reflecting plane 2 when the blade is not deformed, and a third distance between two adjacent distance meters 1. Specifically, the control unit 3 determines the distance change between each distance meter 1 and the light reflecting plane 2 before and after the blade is deformed according to the first distance detected by each distance meter 1 and the second distance between each distance meter 1 and the light reflecting plane 2 when the blade is not deformed, and determines the rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the first direction and/or the second direction when the blade rotates according to the distance change between each distance meter 1 and the light reflecting plane 2 before and after the blade is deformed and the third distance between two adjacent distance meters 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, at least one detection module is arranged in the blade, and through the matching of a plurality of distance measuring instruments 1 of the detection module and the light reflecting plane 2, the measuring light emitted by the distance measuring instruments 1 is parallel to the extending direction of the blade, when the blade is deformed, the reflecting plane 2 is rotationally deformed, and according to the first distance measured by each distance meter 1, the change in distance between each distance meter 1 and the reflecting plane 2 before and after the blade deformation can be determined, so that the rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the first direction and/or the second direction can be calculated, the method is simple and reliable, is easy to implement, can monitor the rotating angle of the blade in real time and all-round, can verify theoretical calculation, is beneficial to the pneumatic and structural optimization design of the blade, and the measuring result is not interfered by the external environment, so that the method has higher reliability and has the condition of large-scale popularization and application in batch projects.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the non-deformation of the blade may refer to a state of the blade when the blade is stationary, or may refer to a state of the blade when the blade speed is low, where the deformation of the blade when the blade speed is low is negligible.
The direction from the first blade section to the second blade section is identical or opposite to the direction from the blade root to the blade tip of the blade. In the embodiment of the invention, the arrangement direction of the first blade section and the second blade section is consistent with the direction of the blade root to the blade tip, so that the rotation angle of the second blade section relative to the first blade section in the first direction and/or the second direction is determined by taking the first blade section as a reference, and the measurement accuracy is higher.
Optionally, the first blade section is adjacent to the blade root and the second blade section is adjacent to the blade tip, such that the angle of rotation of the blade tip relative to the blade root in the first direction and/or the second direction may be substantially determined. It should be understood that the first blade section and the second blade section may also be two different blade sections, for example, the first blade section is a blade section near the blade root, the second blade section is a blade section of a blade segment, and the blade segment is a region of the blade between the blade root and the blade tip.
The second blade section can be selected as some key positions of the blade, for example, the turning angle of the sectional position of the blade can be monitored in real time to judge whether the sectional position deviates from the normal range, for example, the second blade can be the splicing position of the sectional blade, so that online early warning can be provided for timely maintenance of the blade.
Optionally, the detection surface of each distance meter 1 is coplanar, and the detection surface of each distance meter 1 is coplanar with the cross section of the first blade, or the distance from the detection surface of each distance meter 1 to the cross section of the first blade is equal. Alternatively, the detection faces of each rangefinder 1 are arranged non-coplanar, the distance of the detection face of each rangefinder 1 to the first blade section being known. For convenience of calculation, in the present embodiment, the detection surface of each distance meter 1 is coplanar, and the detection surface of each distance meter 1 is coplanar with the first blade section. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first distance from the distance meter 1 to the reflective plane 2 may refer to a first distance from the detecting surface of the distance meter 1 to the reflective plane 2, and the second distance from the distance meter 1 to the reflective plane 2 may refer to a second distance from the detecting surface of the distance meter 1 to the reflective plane 2, that is, the first distance and the second distance are based on the same position of the distance meter 1.
In some embodiments, the reflecting plane 2 is coplanar with the section of the second blade, and when the blade is not deformed, the reflecting plane 2 is parallel to the section of the first blade, so that the calculation of the rotation angle is convenient; in other embodiments, the reflecting plane 2 forms an angle with the cross section of the second blade (the angle between the reflecting plane 2 and the cross section of the second blade is equal before and after the deformation of the blade), the cross section of the second blade is parallel to the cross section of the first blade when the blade is not deformed, and the size of the angle between the reflecting plane 2 and the cross section of the second blade is known.
In addition, in some embodiments, each distance meter 1 is configured to detect a second distance from the distance meter 1 to the light reflecting plane 2 when the blade is not deformed, that is, the second distance corresponding to each distance meter 1 is obtained by detecting the distance meter 1, so that when the blade is deformed, a relative rotation angle deformation between the first blade section and the second blade section at the moment can be calculated according to the distance change information detected by the distance meter 1. After the detection module is installed, the second distance from each distance meter 1 to the reflection plane 2 can be calibrated in advance. For example, when the detection module is installed, all the measuring light rays emitted by the range finder 1 to be checked must be parallel to the span direction of the blade. When the blade is not deformed, the distances measured by all the distance meters 1 are recorded as initial values.
In other embodiments, after the first blade section and the second blade section are determined, the probing surfaces of all the distance meters 1 of the detection module are coplanar with the first blade section, and the first blade section and the second blade section are parallel to each other before deformation, so that after the positions of the first blade section and the second blade section are determined, the distance between the first blade section and the second blade section is also determined, and the second distance corresponding to each distance meter 1 can be determined according to the distance between the first blade section and the second blade section, for example, the distance between the first blade section and the second blade section is the distance between the first blade section and the second blade section, and the second distance corresponding to each distance meter 1 does not need to be detected by each distance meter 1.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the distance meter 1 is a distance measuring device capable of emitting a beam of measuring light, and exemplarily, the distance meter 1 is a laser distance meter, and of course, the distance meter 1 may also be another distance measuring device capable of emitting a beam of measuring light.
Further, referring to fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 4 to fig. 5, the detection module of the embodiment of the present invention may further include a mounting frame 4, where the mounting frame 4 is disposed near the cross section of the first blade, and the plurality of distance meters 1 are all mounted on the mounting frame 4. All the distance measuring instruments 1 in the detection module are fixed on the same side of the same mounting frame 4, and the irradiation direction of the measuring light of each distance measuring instrument 1 is ensured to be consistent with the spreading direction of the blade.
For example, the first blade section is close to the blade root of the blade, the mounting frame 4 may be arranged between the end of the blade root close to the hub and the first blade section, and all the distance meters 1 in the detection module are fixed on the surface of the same mounting frame 4 facing one side of the first blade section. Wherein the mounting frame 4 may be mounted at the end of the blade root near the hub or at other positions of the blade.
The fixing means between the distance measuring device 1 and the mounting frame 4 can be any type of fixing means available.
The turning angles of embodiments of the present invention may comprise a first turning angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the pitch direction and/or a second turning angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the flapwise direction.
Illustratively, in some embodiments, the turning angle includes a first turning angle, at least two distance meters 1 of the plurality of distance meters 1 are arranged at intervals along a first direction of the blade, and the control unit 3 is configured to determine the first turning angle according to a first distance corresponding to the at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the first direction, a second distance corresponding to the at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the first direction, and a third distance between the at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the first direction. In the blade rotation process, the control unit 3 can obtain a first distance detected by each distance meter 1 in real time, so that a dynamic rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the swing array direction can be detected; of course, it is also possible to measure only a single angle of rotation between the first blade section and the second blade section in the direction of the swashplate.
In some embodiments, the turning angle includes a second turning angle, at least two distance meters 1 of the plurality of distance meters 1 are arranged at intervals along a second direction of the blade, and the control unit 3 is configured to determine the second turning angle according to a first distance corresponding to the at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the second direction, a second distance corresponding to the at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the second direction, and a third distance between the at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the second direction. In the blade rotation process, the control unit 3 can obtain a first distance detected by each distance meter 1 in real time, so that a dynamic rotation angle between a first blade section and a second blade section in the flapping direction can be detected; of course, it is also possible to measure only a single angle of rotation between the first blade section and the second blade section in the flapwise direction.
In some embodiments, the rotation angle includes a first rotation angle and a second rotation angle, at least two distance meters 1 of the plurality of distance meters 1 are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and at least two distance meters 1 are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the control unit 3 is used for determining a first rotation angle according to a first distance corresponding to at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the first direction, a second distance corresponding to at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the first direction, and a third distance between at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the first direction, and, the control unit 3 is further configured to determine the second rotation angle according to the first distance corresponding to at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the second direction, the second distance corresponding to at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the second direction, and the third distance between at least two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals along the second direction. In this embodiment, the number of the distance meters 1 is at least three, for example, the number of the distance meters 1 is three, the three distance meters 1 are arranged in a right triangle, one right-angle side of the right triangle is parallel to the first direction, and the other right-angle side of the right triangle is parallel to the second direction, and the control unit 3 is configured to determine a first corner according to a first distance corresponding to two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals in the first direction, a second distance corresponding to two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals in the first direction, and a third distance between two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals in the first direction; and, the control unit 3 is further configured to determine a second rotation angle according to a first distance corresponding to the two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals in the second direction, a second distance corresponding to the two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals in the second direction, and a third distance between the two distance meters 1 arranged at intervals in the second direction. In the blade rotation process, the control unit 3 can obtain a first distance detected by each distance meter 1 in real time, so that dynamic rotation angles between the first blade section and the second blade section in the swing array direction and the waving direction can be respectively detected; of course, it is also possible to measure a single angle of rotation between the first and second blade sections in the pitch direction and a single angle of rotation between the first and second blade sections in the flap direction.
The required number of the distance meters 1 needs to be determined according to specific monitoring targets, for example, when the swing direction or the tilt direction corner deformation is separately tested, at least two distance meters 1 are needed, and taking two distance meters 1 as an example, the two distance meters 1 need to be arranged at intervals along the swing direction or the tilt direction; if the swing direction and the swing matrix direction corner deformation need to be tested simultaneously, at least three distance measuring instruments 1 are needed.
Referring to fig. 4, the detection module includes two distance meters 1, the detection surfaces of the two distance meters 1 in the detection module are coplanar with the first blade section, the first blade section is close to the blade root of the blade, the second blade section is close to the blade tip of the blade, when the blade is not deformed, the detection surfaces of the distance meters 1 are parallel to the light reflection plane 2, the reflection points of the measurement light of the two distance meters 1 on the light reflection plane 2 are a and B, and the distances measured by the distance meters 1 are D1 and D2 respectively. Referring to fig. 5, when the blade is deformed by rotation, the cross section of the second blade is rotated by an angle θ relative to the cross section of the first blade in the direction of the swing matrix, and the reflection points of the measuring light are a 'and B', and the distances measured by the distance meter 1 are D1 'and D2', respectively. Since the reflecting plane 2 is rotationally deformed, the measured distance changes of the two distance measuring devices 1 are different, and therefore, the rotation angle θ of the second blade section relative to the first blade section in the direction of the tilt matrix can be calculated:
in the formula (1), L1 is the distance between two distance meters 1 of the detection module in the direction of the tilt matrix.
And when the first blade section is positioned at the blade root, measuring and calculating the real-time rotation angle of the blade section (namely the second blade section) where the reflecting plane 2 is positioned.
If the blade is not deformed, the reflecting plane 2 forms an included angle with the section of the second blade in the direction of the array, and the rotation angle of the section of the second blade relative to the section of the first blade in the direction of the array is the difference between the rotation angle theta calculated by the formula (1) and the included angle of the section of the second blade in the direction of the array when the blade is not deformed.
In the flapwise direction, the calculation mode of the rotation angle of the second blade section relative to the first blade section is similar to that of the rotation angle of the second blade section relative to the first blade section in the shimmy direction, and is not repeated.
In the embodiment of the invention, the distance between the two distance meters 1 is at least more than 30cm, so that the monitoring precision is ensured. Further optionally, the accuracy of the rangefinder 1 is less than 0.2 mm.
Optionally, the light reflecting plane is perpendicular to the web.
Optionally, the light reflecting plane is received in a space formed by the trailing edge web of the blade and the outer shell of the blade.
In other embodiments, the blade comprises a structural reinforcement provided in the blade, the reflecting plane 2 being formed by coating a reflecting material on one of the surfaces of the structural reinforcement, i.e. the structural reinforcement has a first plane provided at the cross section of the second blade, the reflecting plane 2 being formed by coating a reflecting material on the first plane. Optionally, the structural reinforcement is fixed to a web of the blade, and the first plane is perpendicular to the web. Further optionally, the structural reinforcement is received in a space formed by the trailing edge web of the blade and the shell of the blade, and the structural reinforcement is fixedly connected with the trailing edge web. It should be understood that the structural reinforcement may also be mounted at other locations of the blade, such as the inner wall of the blade body. The structural reinforcement of this embodiment is provided in the blade body, so that the strength of the blade body can be enhanced.
The above embodiment takes the number of the detection modules as an example.
The blade is large in deflection when deformed and pre-bent, if only one detection module is arranged, the irradiation distance of measuring light rays can be shielded, and if the rotary deformation of a blade tip area needs to be monitored or the distance between two blade sections needs to be detected is large, the risk of shielding of the measuring light rays exists, a plurality of detection modules need to be installed. It should be understood that, when the number of the detection modules is multiple, the first blade sections detected by different detection modules are different, and the second blade sections detected by different detection modules are different. Optionally, the distance meter 1 of the detection module close to the blade root is disposed in the blade root, and the reflective plane 2 of the detection module close to the blade tip is disposed in the blade tip, so that the real-time rotation angle of the blade tip region in the first direction can be obtained by overlapping the rotation angles in the first direction between all adjacent two blade sections, and/or the real-time rotation angle of the blade tip region in the second direction can be obtained by overlapping the rotation angles in the second direction between all adjacent two blade sections.
Through installing a plurality of detection modules, the corner between a plurality of blade sections can be monitored in real time, and when the corner between two certain blade sections is too big, the information can be timely fed back to the main control module of the wind generating set, so that the pitch is changed in advance, and the blades are prevented from hitting a tower.
Taking deformation monitoring of a certain 76m blade as an example, the rotation deformation of the blade section at a position 20m away from the blade root in the direction of the shimmy is monitored, the specific arrangement and placement of sensors are shown in FIG. 4, and the deformation monitoring process is as follows:
step one, according to the deformation monitoring requirement, before the blade is not installed, a reflector with the height of 0.6m and the width of 0.6m is pre-installed at a position 20m away from the blade root and close to a web plate at the rear edge in the blade body, so that the reflector is firmly installed and cannot shake. 2 laser range finders (the precision of the laser range finders is 0.1mm) are arranged at the positions of blade roots along the first direction, the distance between the two laser range finders in the horizontal direction is 0.3m, laser irradiates along the span direction of blades of the blades, and the laser irradiates at the middle position of a reflector.
And step two, testing the distances D1 and D2 from the two laser range finders to the reflector to be 20.0532m and 20.0326m respectively under the condition that the blade is not stressed and is in a static state.
And step three, acquiring data monitored by 2 laser range finders in real time when the blade wind field runs, wherein for example, the monitoring distances D1 'and D2' of the two laser range finders at a certain moment are 20.0725 and 20.0435 respectively, and according to the formula (1), the value theta can be calculated to be 1.6 degrees, so that the rotating angle of the blade section at the position 20m away from the blade root at the moment in the shimmy direction is 1.6 degrees.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a detection method for monitoring the rotation angle of the blade of the wind generating set, wherein the blade comprises at least one detection module, the detection module comprises a plurality of distance meters 1 and a light reflecting plane 2, the plurality of distance meters 1 and the light reflecting plane 2 are arranged in the blade, the plurality of distance meters 1 are arranged at the section of a first blade, the plurality of distance meters 1 are arranged at intervals along the first direction and/or the second direction of the blade, the first direction is the swing array direction of the blade, the second direction is the swing direction of the blade, the light reflecting plane 2 is arranged at the section of a second blade, the section of the first blade and the section of the second blade are arranged at intervals along the span direction of the blade, each distance meter 1 emits the measuring light in the same specific direction to the light reflecting plane 2, and the specific direction is parallel to the span direction of the blade. Referring to fig. 6, the method includes:
step S61, when the blade rotates, first distances from the plurality of distance meters 1 of at least one detection module to the light reflecting plane 2 are obtained;
step S62, determining a rotation angle between a first blade section and a second blade section in the first direction and/or the second direction when the blade rotates according to a first distance between each of the at least one detection module and the light reflecting plane 2 detected by the at least one distance meter 1, a second distance between each of the at least one detection module and the light reflecting plane 2 detected by the at least one detection module and the at least one distance meter 1 when the blade is not deformed, and a third distance between two adjacent distance meters 1 of the at least one detection module.
The detection method according to the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described with reference to the detection apparatus according to the above embodiment, and is not described again.
In addition, the control unit 3 may be a main control module of the wind turbine generator system, or may be another controller.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A detection device for monitoring the rotation angle of a blade of a wind turbine, characterized in that it comprises at least one detection module comprising:
the range finders (1) are arranged in the blade, the range finders (1) are arranged at the section of a first blade, the range finders (1) are arranged at intervals along the first direction and/or the second direction of the blade, the first direction is the swing direction of the blade, and the second direction is the waving direction of the blade;
the light reflecting plane (2) is arranged in the blade, the light reflecting plane (2) is arranged at the section of a second blade, and the section of the first blade and the section of the second blade are arranged at intervals along the spanwise direction of the blade; and
a control unit (3) electrically connected to each distance meter (1);
each distance meter (1) emits measuring light rays in the same specific direction to the light reflecting plane (2), and the specific direction is parallel to the extending direction of the blade;
the control unit (3) is used for determining the rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the first direction and/or the second direction when the blade rotates according to a first distance between each of the at least one distance meter (1) of the detection module and the light reflecting plane (2) when the blade rotates, a second distance between each of the at least one distance meter (1) of the detection module and the light reflecting plane (2) when the blade is not deformed and a third distance between each of two adjacent distance meters (1) of the at least one detection module.
2. The inspection device of claim 1, wherein the number of inspection modules is one, the first blade section is proximate to a root of the blade, and the second blade section is proximate to a tip of the blade.
3. The detection device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the detection modules is multiple, a plurality of the detection modules are arranged along the span direction of the blade, and the light reflecting plane (2) of the current detection module is coplanar with the detection plane of the distance meter (1) of the next detection module.
4. The detection device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation angle comprises a first rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the yaw direction, at least two of the plurality of distance meters (1) being arranged at intervals along the first direction of the blade;
the control unit (3) is configured to determine the first rotation angle according to a first distance corresponding to at least two distance meters (1) arranged at intervals in the first direction, a second distance corresponding to at least two distance meters (1) arranged at intervals in the first direction, and a third distance between at least two distance meters (1) arranged at intervals in the first direction.
5. The detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotation angle comprises a second rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the flapping direction, at least two of the plurality of distance meters (1) being arranged at intervals along the second direction of the blade;
the control unit (3) is configured to determine the second rotation angle according to a first distance corresponding to at least two distance meters (1) arranged at intervals along the second direction, a second distance corresponding to at least two distance meters (1) arranged at intervals along the second direction, and a third distance between at least two distance meters (1) arranged at intervals along the second direction.
6. The detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotation angle includes a first rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the pitch direction, and a second rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the flapping direction;
the number of the distance measuring instruments (1) is three, the three distance measuring instruments (1) are arranged in a right triangle, one right-angle side of the right triangle is parallel to the first direction, and the other right-angle side of the right triangle is parallel to the second direction;
the control unit (3) is used for determining the first rotation angle according to a first distance corresponding to the two distance measuring instruments (1) arranged at intervals along the first direction, a second distance corresponding to the two distance measuring instruments (1) arranged at intervals along the first direction and a third distance between the two distance measuring instruments (1) arranged at intervals along the first direction;
the control unit (3) is further configured to determine the second rotation angle according to a first distance corresponding to the two distance meters (1) arranged at intervals along the second direction, a second distance corresponding to the two distance meters (1) arranged at intervals along the second direction, and a third distance between the two distance meters (1) arranged at intervals along the second direction.
7. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that said reflecting plane (2) is coplanar with said second blade section, said reflecting plane (2) being parallel to said first blade section when said blade is undeformed.
8. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the light reflection plane (2) is perpendicular to the web of the blade.
9. The inspection device of claim 8, wherein the light reflecting plane is received within a space enclosed by a trailing edge web of the blade and a shell of the blade.
10. A testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the probing surfaces of a plurality of said rangefinders (1) are all coplanar with said first blade section.
11. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection module further comprises a mounting frame (4), the mounting frame (4) being arranged close to the first blade section, a plurality of the distance meters (1) being mounted on the mounting frame (4).
12. Detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance meter (1) is a laser distance meter.
13. A blade for a wind power plant, comprising:
a blade main body; and
a testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, housed within the blade body.
14. A detection method is used for monitoring the rotating angle of a blade of a wind generating set, and is characterized in that the blade comprises at least one detection module, the detection module comprises a plurality of distance meters (1) and a light reflecting plane (2), wherein the distance meters (1) and the light reflecting plane (2) are arranged in the blade, the distance meters (1) are arranged at the section of a first blade, the distance meters (1) are arranged at intervals along the first direction and/or the second direction of the blade, the first direction is the swing matrix direction of the blade, the second direction is the swing direction of the blade, the light reflecting plane (2) is arranged at the section of a second blade, the section of the first blade and the section of the second blade are arranged at intervals along the spread direction of the blade, and each distance meter (1) emits measuring light of the same specific direction to the light reflecting plane (2), the specific direction is parallel to the span direction of the blade;
the method comprises the following steps:
when the blade rotates, first distances from a plurality of distance meters (1) of at least one detection module to a light reflecting plane (2) are acquired;
according to a first distance between each two adjacent distance meters (1) of the at least one detection module and a light reflecting plane (2), a second distance between each two adjacent distance meters (1) of the at least one detection module and a second distance between each two adjacent distance meters (1) of the at least one detection module when the blade is not deformed, the rotation angle between the first blade section and the second blade section in the first direction and/or the second direction when the blade rotates is determined.
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