CN112943156A - Plugging method for high permeability water breakthrough oil well - Google Patents
Plugging method for high permeability water breakthrough oil well Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007863 gel particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 101100370014 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) tof-1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000009096 changqing Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil exploitation, and particularly relates to a plugging method for a high permeability water breakthrough oil well. A plugging method for a high permeability layer water breakthrough oil well comprises the following steps: preparing active water, a nanoscale plugging agent and a micron-sized plugging agent, and injecting the prepared active water, a nanoscale plugging agent solution, a micron-sized plugging agent solution and the active water into a high-permeability water-bearing oil well by using a profile control pump in sequence and displacing the active water, the nanoscale plugging agent solution, the micron-sized plugging agent solution and the active water into a stratum. According to the invention, by changing the original mode of squeezing and injecting the plugging agent by using a cement truck, different types of plugging materials are used as slugs under the condition of small discharge capacity by using a profile control pump, and are squeezed and injected to the deep part of a high permeability zone, and the high permeability zone is plugged at the deep part, so that the recovery of the oil well productivity is realized, the water content of produced liquid is reduced, and the recovery ratio is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil exploitation, and particularly relates to a plugging method for a high permeability water breakthrough oil well.
Background
The Ordos basin three-fold system oil reservoir is a typical low-pressure, low-permeability and low-yield oil reservoir, has the characteristics of poor physical property of a reservoir, low formation pressure coefficient, relatively developed natural cracks and the like, and needs water injection development in an oil field for supplementing formation energy. Because the oil layer has heterogeneity, the seepage resistance of the high permeable layer is smaller, and the injected water moves forward along the place with smaller seepage resistance. The high-permeability layer waterline is fast pushed to form single-layer plunging, so that the oil well is quickly flooded, the production degree of the oil well is reduced, and the rising speed of the water content of produced liquid is accelerated.
In the prior art, polyacrylamide gel is mainly used as a plugging material for plugging a high-permeability layer water-breakthrough oil well, and a cement truck squeezing method is adopted to plug a high-permeability layer zone. Due to the influence of the performance of the plugging material and the extrusion injection discharge capacity, the polyacrylamide gel plugging agent cannot enter the deep part of a high-permeability layer, the effect is not ideal after the measures, the plugging effect of a water-breakthrough oil well is poor, the productivity of the oil well cannot be recovered, the recovery rate is low, and the development effect of the oil field is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a plugging method for a high permeability water-breakthrough oil well, which comprises the steps of squeezing different types of plugging materials as slugs under a small displacement by using a profile control pump by changing the original method of squeezing and injecting plugging agents by using a cement truck, and squeezing and injecting the slugs to the deep part of a high permeability zone, wherein the deep part plugs the high permeability zone, so that the oil well productivity is recovered, the water content of produced fluid is reduced, and the recovery ratio is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a plugging method for a high permeability layer water breakthrough oil well comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing active water: dissolving the composite cleanup additive and the clay stabilizer with the same mass to 30-50 m3Circulating the clear water to fully dissolve the compound cleanup additive and the clay stabilizer, wherein the mass concentration of the compound cleanup additive and the clay stabilizer is 0.5%;
s2, preparing a nano plugging agent: dissolving the nanoscale plugging agent to 300-400 m according to the mass concentration of 1-5%3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s3, preparing a micron-sized plugging agent: dissolving the micron-sized plugging agent to 200-300 m according to the mass concentration of 1-5%3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s4, using a profile control pump with the length of 2-3m3Injecting the active water prepared in the step S1 into a shaft of a high-permeability water-breakthrough oil well by construction discharge capacity, replacing liquid in the shaft, and then injecting the active water by 3-5 m3The construction displacement of/h is continuously injected into the active water prepared in the step S1;
s5, when the pump injection is finished in S4, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3Injecting the nano-scale plugging agent solution prepared in the step S2 into the construction displacement of/h for plugging the micropores of the sandstone matrix at the foremost end of the hypertonic layer;
s6, when the pump injection is finished in S5, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3Injecting the micron-sized plugging agent solution prepared in the step S3 into the construction displacement of/h for plugging pores in the sandstone matrix at the front end of the hypertonic layer;
s7, when the pump injection is finished in S6, the profile control pump is continuously used for 2-4 m3And h, injecting the active water prepared in the step S1 into the construction displacement, and displacing the micron-sized plugging agent in the shaft into the deep part of the stratum by using the active water to finish the whole construction.
The composite cleanup additive in the S1 is a TOF-1 oil well cleanup additive, and the clay stabilizer in the S1 is a TOS-1 clay stabilizer.
The nano-scale blocking agent in the S2 is a polymer microsphere, and the diameter of the polymer microsphere is 100 nm-500 nm.
The micron-sized plugging agent in the S3 is micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel particles, the diameter of the micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel particles is 100um, and the micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel is PEG-1 gel.
In the step S4, the thickness is 3-5 m3Perh construction discharge capacity, the volume of active water injected into a shaft of a high-permeability layer water-breakthrough oil well is more than or equal to 3 times and is 2-3m3The volume of active water injected per hour of construction displacement.
And in the S7, the volume of the active water injected into the shaft of the water-cut oil well of the high-permeability stratum is more than or equal to 2 times of the volume of the active water injected into the S4.
The invention has the technical effects that: according to the invention, by changing the original mode of squeezing and injecting the plugging agent by using a cement truck, different types of plugging materials are used as slugs under the condition of small discharge capacity by using a profile control pump, and are squeezed and injected to the deep part of a high permeability zone, and the high permeability zone is plugged at the deep part, so that the recovery of the oil well productivity is realized, the water content of produced liquid is reduced, and the recovery ratio is improved.
The following will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plugging process of the plugging method for a high permeability water-cut oil well.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In order to overcome the problems that the existing cement truck squeezing polyacrylamide gel water shutoff can not enter the deep part of a high permeable stratum and has poor water shutoff effect, the invention provides a plugging method for a high permeable stratum water-breakthrough oil well.
A plugging method for a high permeability layer water breakthrough oil well comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing active water: dissolving the composite cleanup additive and the clay stabilizer with the same mass to 30-50 m3Circulating the clear water to fully dissolve the compound cleanup additive and the clay stabilizer, wherein the mass concentration of the compound cleanup additive and the clay stabilizer is 0.5%;
s2, preparing a nano plugging agent: dissolving the nanoscale plugging agent according to the mass concentration of 1-5%The solution is 300-400 m3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s3, preparing a micron-sized plugging agent: dissolving the micron-sized plugging agent to 200-300 m according to the mass concentration of 1-5%3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s4, using a profile control pump with the length of 2-3m3Injecting the active water prepared in the step S1 into a shaft of a high-permeability water-breakthrough oil well by construction discharge capacity, replacing liquid in the shaft, and then injecting the active water by 3-5 m3The construction displacement of/h is continuously injected into the active water prepared in the step S1;
s5, when the pump injection is finished in S4, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3Injecting the nano-scale plugging agent solution prepared in the step S2 into the construction displacement of/h for plugging the micropores of the sandstone matrix at the foremost end of the hypertonic layer;
s6, when the pump injection is finished in S5, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3Injecting the micron-sized plugging agent solution prepared in the step S3 into the construction displacement of/h for plugging pores in the sandstone matrix at the front end of the hypertonic layer;
s7, when the pump injection is finished in S6, the profile control pump is continuously used for 2-4 m3And h, injecting the active water prepared in the step S1 into the construction displacement, and displacing the micron-sized plugging agent in the shaft into the deep part of the stratum by using the active water to finish the whole construction.
As shown in figure 1, in the practical use process, the profile control pump is used to control the small discharge capacity, namely 3-5 m3And h, taking different types of plugging materials as slugs, extruding and injecting the slugs to the deep part of the high-permeability zone, and plugging the high-permeability zone at the deep part to realize the aims of recovering the productivity of the oil well and improving the recovery ratio. In the invention, the pore canal of the high permeable layer in the matrix is plugged by injecting the nano-scale plugging agent in the step S5 with a small displacement of a profile control pump; injecting the micron-sized plugging agent in the step S6 by using a profile control pump with small discharge capacity to plug large pores and micro cracks in a hypertonic layer in the matrix; and (4) injecting the active water with small displacement by using a profile control pump in the step (S7) to be used as a displacement liquid, and displacing various plugging agents injected in the early stage into a high permeability stratum in the deep stratum. The mass concentration of the nanoscale plugging agent is 1-5%, the mass concentration of the micron-sized plugging agent is 1-5%, and the mass concentration of the micron-sized plugging agent is more than 5%, so that the nano-sized plugging agent can conductThe liquid cost is too high, and the required plugging effect cannot be achieved when the mass concentration is lower than 1%.
Preferably, the composite cleanup additive in S1 is TOF-1 oil well cleanup additive, and the clay stabilizer in S1 is TOS-1 clay stabilizer.
In the practical use process, the composite cleanup additive and the clay stabilizer are dissolved in clear water to form active water, and the active water is injected by a profile control pump with small displacement in S4 to play a role in cleaning a shaft and a near wellbore area, so that the subsequent smooth injection of the nanoscale plugging agent solution in S5 and the micron-sized plugging agent solution in S6 is ensured. The TOF-1 oil well cleanup additive and the TOS-1 clay stabilizer can be purchased from the chemical group of the Changqing chemical company, West An, Changqing, Inc.
Preferably, the nano-scale blocking agent in S2 is a polymer microsphere, and the diameter of the polymer microsphere is 100 nm-500 nm.
In the practical use process, the nano-scale blocking agent in S2 is a polymer microsphere, the diameter of the polymer microsphere is 100 nm-500 nm, the polymer microsphere is injected by a profile control pump at a small displacement in S5, and the polymer microsphere can effectively block the micropore of the sandstone matrix at the foremost end of the fracture. The polymer microspheres are acrylamide polymer microspheres and can be purchased from Changqing chemical group Limited, West An, of Changqing oil field company.
Preferably, the micron-sized blocking agent in the S3 is micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel particles, the diameter of the micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel particles is 100um, and the micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel is PEG-1 gel.
In the practical use process, the micron-sized plugging agent in the S3 is micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel particles, the diameter of the micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel particles is 100 microns, the micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel particles in the S6 are injected by a profile control pump at a small discharge, and the micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel particles with the diameter of 100 microns can effectively plug larger pores in the sandstone matrix at the front end of the fracture. The micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel is PEG-1 gel, and the PEG-1 gel is produced by chemical group Co., Ltd.
Preferably, said S4In the range of 3 to 5m3Perh construction discharge capacity, the volume of active water injected into a shaft of a high-permeability layer water-breakthrough oil well is more than or equal to 3 times and is 2-3m3The volume of active water injected per hour of construction displacement. And in the S7, the volume of the active water injected into the shaft of the water-cut oil well of the high-permeability stratum is more than or equal to 2 times of the volume of the active water injected into the S4.
In the practical use process, the thickness is 2-3m3The active water injected by construction displacement per hour plays a role in cleaning a shaft, and the required active water is small in volume and is 3-5 m3Injecting active water into the construction displacement per hour to play a role in cleaning a near wellbore area, enlarging the needed body, and filling the active water into the S4 with the volume of 3-5 m3Perh construction discharge capacity, the volume of active water injected into a shaft of a high-permeability layer water-breakthrough oil well is more than or equal to 3 times and is 2-3m3The volume of active water injected by construction displacement per hour ensures that a shaft is cleaned and a near wellbore area is cleaned. The volume of the active water injected into the shaft of the water-cut oil well of the high-permeability layer in the S7 is more than or equal to 2 times of the volume of the active water injected into the S4, so that the micron-sized plugging agent in the shaft is ensured to be displaced from a near-wellbore area into the deep part of the stratum by the active water.
Example 2
Taking the T28-28 well of the Changqing oilfield as an example, the well is shut down due to high water content in 2018 years, and the daily liquid production before shut down is 1.94m3D, 0t/d of daily oil production and 100 percent of water; in order to solve the problem of plugging water breakthrough in a hypertonic water breakthrough zone of a T28-28 well, the embodiment provides the plugging method for the hypertonic water breakthrough zone oil well, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing active water: respectively dissolving TOF-1 oil well cleanup additive and TOS-1 clay stabilizer to 60m according to mass concentration of 0.5%3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s2, preparing polymer microspheres: dissolving 100nm polymer microsphere at 1% mass concentration to 400m3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s3, PEG-1 gel preparation: dissolving PEG-1 gel at 5% mass concentration to 200m3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s4, continuously using the profile control pump for 2-3m3The construction displacement is injected into the prepared active water 5m in S13Displacing the liquid in the shaft, and then taking 3-5 m3The construction displacement of/h is injected into the activated water prepared in the step 1 by 15m3。
S5, when the pump injection is finished in S4, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3The construction displacement of per hour is injected into the prepared polymer microsphere solution 400m in S23And plugging the micropores of the sandstone matrix at the foremost end of the crack.
S6, when the pump injection is finished in S5, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3The construction displacement of per hour is injected into 200m of the prepared PEG-1 gel solution in S33And larger pores in the sandstone matrix at the front end of the crack are blocked.
S7, when the pump injection is finished in S6, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3Construction displacement of/h, using 40m of active water3And (4) displacing the micron-sized plugging agent in the shaft into the stratum to complete the whole construction.
The T28-28 well was plugged as provided in example 2 with a daily production of 3.97m3And d, the daily oil production is 1.34T/d, the daily oil increase is 1.34T/d, the water content is 69.7 percent, the water content of the re-produced oil after the T28-28 well measures is reduced from 100 percent before the measures to 62.1 percent, and the water blocking effect is obvious.
Example 3
Taking the T28-26 well of the Changqing oilfield as an example, the well is shut down due to high water content in 2017, and the daily liquid production is 2.0m before shut down3D, 0t/d of daily oil production and 100 percent of water; in order to solve the problem of plugging water breakthrough of a hypertonic water breakthrough well of a T28-26 well, the embodiment adopts the plugging method for the hypertonic water breakthrough well, which is different from the method in that the mass concentration of the nano-scale plugging agent is different from the mass concentration of the micro-scale plugging agent, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing active water: respectively dissolving TOF-1 oil well cleanup additive and TOS-1 clay stabilizer to 60m according to mass concentration of 0.5%3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s2, preparing polymer microspheres: dissolving 100nm polymer microsphere at 0.5% mass concentration to 400m3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s3, PEG-1 gel preparation: dissolving PEG-1 gel at 0.5% mass concentration200m3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s4, continuously using the profile control pump to control the flow rate to be 2-3m3The construction displacement is injected into the prepared active water 5m in S13Displacing the liquid in the shaft, and then taking 3-5 m3The construction displacement of/h is injected into the activated water prepared in the step 1 by 15m3。
S5, when the pump injection is finished in S4, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3The construction displacement of per hour is injected into the prepared polymer microsphere solution 400m in S23And plugging the micropores of the sandstone matrix at the foremost end of the crack.
S6, when the pump injection is finished in S5, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3The construction displacement of per hour is injected into 200m of the prepared PEG-1 gel solution in S33And larger pores in the sandstone matrix at the front end of the crack are blocked.
S7, when the pump injection is finished in S6, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3Construction displacement of/h, using 40m of active water3And (4) displacing the micron-sized plugging agent in the shaft into the stratum to complete the whole construction.
The T28-26 well was plugged with the plugging method provided in example 3, with a daily production of 4.5m3And d, 0.47T/d of daily oil production, 0.47T/d of daily oil increase and 86.8 percent of water, wherein the water content of the recovered oil after the T28-26 well measures is reduced from 100 percent before the measures to 86.8 percent, the T28-26 well and the T28-28 well are positioned on the same platform, the geological condition and the engineering condition are the same, and the water reducing effect is poor due to the fact that the mass concentration of the used nanoscale blocking agent and the mass concentration of the used micron-sized blocking agent are low.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A plugging method for a high permeability layer water breakthrough oil well is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing active water: compounding of same phase massThe discharging agent and the clay stabilizer are dissolved to 30-60 m3Circulating the clear water to fully dissolve the compound cleanup additive and the clay stabilizer, wherein the mass concentration of the compound cleanup additive and the clay stabilizer is 0.5%;
s2, preparing a nano plugging agent: dissolving the nanoscale plugging agent to 300-400 m according to the mass concentration of 1-5%3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s3, preparing a micron-sized plugging agent: dissolving the micron-sized plugging agent to 200-300 m according to the mass concentration of 1-5%3Circulating in clear water to fully dissolve;
s4, using a profile control pump with the length of 2-3m3Injecting the active water prepared in the step S1 into a shaft of a high-permeability water-breakthrough oil well by construction discharge capacity, replacing original liquid in the shaft, and then injecting the active water by 3-5 m3The construction displacement of/h is continuously injected into the active water prepared in the step S1;
s5, when the pump injection is finished in S4, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3Injecting the nano-scale plugging agent solution prepared in the step S2 into the construction displacement of/h for plugging the micropores of the sandstone matrix at the foremost end of the hypertonic layer;
s6, when the pump injection is finished in S5, the profile control pump is continuously used for 3-5 m3Injecting the micron-sized plugging agent solution prepared in the step S3 into the construction displacement of/h for plugging pores in the sandstone matrix at the front end of the hypertonic layer;
s7, when the pump injection is finished in S6, the profile control pump is continuously used for 2-4 m3And h, injecting the active water prepared in the step S1 into the construction displacement, and displacing the micron-sized plugging agent in the shaft into the deep part of the stratum by using the active water to finish the whole construction.
2. The plugging method for the water-breakthrough oil well in the high-permeability layer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the composite cleanup additive in S1 is TOF-1 oil well cleanup additive.
3. The plugging method for the water-breakthrough oil well in the high-permeability layer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the clay stabilizer in the S1 is TOS-1 clay stabilizer.
4. The plugging method for the water-breakthrough oil well in the high-permeability layer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the nano-scale blocking agent in the S2 is polymer microspheres.
5. The plugging method for the water-breakthrough oil well in the high-permeability stratum according to claim 4, which comprises the following steps: the diameter of the polymer microsphere is 100 nm-500 nm.
6. The plugging method for the water-breakthrough oil well in the high-permeability layer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the micron-sized plugging agent in the S3 is micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel particles.
7. The plugging method for the water-breakthrough oil well in the high-permeability layer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the plugging method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel particles is 100 um.
8. The plugging method for the water-breakthrough oil well in the high-permeability layer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the plugging method comprises the following steps: the micron-sized pre-crosslinked gel is PEG-1 gel.
9. The plugging method for the water-breakthrough oil well in the high-permeability layer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S4, the thickness is 3-5 m3Perh construction discharge capacity, the volume of active water injected into a shaft of a high-permeability layer water-breakthrough oil well is more than or equal to 3 times and is 2-3m3The volume of active water injected per hour of construction displacement.
10. The plugging method for the water-breakthrough oil well in the high-permeability layer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and in the S7, the volume of the active water injected into the shaft of the water-cut oil well of the high-permeability stratum is more than or equal to 2 times of the volume of the active water injected into the S4.
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| CN110593806A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-12-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Large-dose multi-slug water plugging method |
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