CN112943103A - Drill bit, rock breaking tool and drill bit manufacturing method - Google Patents

Drill bit, rock breaking tool and drill bit manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112943103A
CN112943103A CN201911171347.1A CN201911171347A CN112943103A CN 112943103 A CN112943103 A CN 112943103A CN 201911171347 A CN201911171347 A CN 201911171347A CN 112943103 A CN112943103 A CN 112943103A
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drill bit
speed
body part
blades
blade
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CN112943103B (en
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张国辉
陈荣
张希文
胡贵
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/42Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/42Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • E21B10/43Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a drill bit, broken rock instrument and drill bit manufacturing method, through install a plurality of smear metal teeth on the wing of a knife on the drill bit body, contained angle and drilling speed between the lateral wall of the protruding portion of every smear metal tooth and the body part, the settlement rotational speed of drill bit body and the axis of drill bit body and the distance of the body part of smear metal tooth is relevant, and then realized the combination of static data, dynamic data and the data of target, belong to 3 types of parameter's combination, both guaranteed that outside smear metal is fast, guaranteed again that the well is smooth, reached the purpose of extension drill bit life-span and improvement well quality. The design of the drill bit takes the target parameters of the drill bit property, the production dynamic state and the drilling speed into consideration, and the economic maximization under the condition of a specific block and specific production parameters is realized.

Description

Drill bit, rock breaking tool and drill bit manufacturing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil exploration, in particular to a drill bit, a rock breaking tool and a drill bit manufacturing method.
Background
Along with the continuous deepening of the exploration and development work of oil and gas fields, the stratum structure drilled is more and more complex, the drilling difficulty is more and more large, and in order to reduce the comprehensive drilling cost, higher requirements are provided for the quality of a drill bit. Since the advent of PDC (polycrystalline Diamond Compact bit) drill bits in the last eighties, the PDC (polycrystalline Diamond Compact bit) drill bits have become an efficient rock breaking tool widely popularized and applied in the oil and gas industry due to the characteristics of high average drilling speed, large footage, long service life and the like.
The PDC rock breaking tool is mainly a cutting tooth, the quality of the cutting tooth directly determines the drilling speed, and the PDC rock breaking tool is pushed by the drilling process, the drill bit design and the drill bit hydraulic structure from the late stage of the seventies to the late stage of the eighties in the twentieth century. Paves the way for the rapid development of PDC cutting teeth. Competition in the area of cutters, the growing drill bit market, and customer requirements of drill bit companies has also driven the forward development of PDC technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies, a first aspect of the present application provides a drill bit comprising:
a drill bit body;
the cutting teeth comprise a body part fixed on the blades and a protruding part combined and fixed on the end surface of one end of the body part far away from the blades; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the included angle between the end face of one end of the body part far away from the blade and the side wall of the protruding part is determined according to the distance between the central axis of the drill bit body and the body part of the cutting teeth, the set drilling speed and the set rotating speed of the drill bit body.
In certain embodiments, the set drilling speed is an average drilling speed.
In some embodiments, the included angle between the end surface of the main body portion away from the blade and the side wall of the protrusion portion is calculated by the formula:
Figure BDA0002288803150000021
where v represents the average bit speed, N represents the set rotational speed of the bit body, and R represents the distance of the central axis of the bit body from the body portion of the chip tooth.
In certain embodiments, the number of blades is 4 to 6.
In certain embodiments, the number of chip teeth on each blade is 4 to 10.
Embodiments of the second aspect of the present application provide a method for manufacturing a drill bit, including:
forming a drill bit body;
securing a plurality of blades on the bit body side;
a plurality of cutting teeth are arranged on the edge of each blade; the chip tooth comprises a body part fixed on the blade and a protruding part combined and fixed on one end face of the body part far away from the blade; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the included angle between the end face of one end of the body part far away from the blade and the side wall of the protruding part is determined according to the distance between the central axis of the drill bit body and the body part of the cutting teeth, the set drilling speed and the set rotating speed of the drill bit body.
In certain embodiments, the set drilling speed is an average drilling speed.
In some embodiments, the included angle between the end surface of the main body portion away from the blade and the side wall of the protrusion portion is calculated by the formula:
Figure BDA0002288803150000022
where v represents the average bit speed, N represents the set rotational speed of the bit body, and R represents the distance of the central axis of the bit body from the body portion of the chip tooth.
In certain embodiments, the number of blades is 4 to 6.
The third aspect of the application provides a rock breaking tool, including drive arrangement and with drive arrangement connects, through drive arrangement driven drill bit, the drill bit includes:
a drill bit body;
the cutting teeth comprise a body part fixed on the blades and a protruding part combined and fixed on the end surface of one end of the body part far away from the blades; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the included angle between the end face of one end of the body part far away from the blade and the side wall of the protruding part is determined according to the distance between the central axis of the drill bit body and the body part of the cutting teeth, the set drilling speed and the set rotating speed of the drill bit body.
The beneficial effect of this application is as follows:
the utility model provides a drill bit, broken rock instrument and drill bit manufacturing method, through install a plurality of smear metal teeth on the wing of a knife on the drill bit body, contained angle and drilling speed between the lateral wall of the protruding portion of every smear metal tooth and the body part, the settlement rotational speed of drill bit body and the axis of drill bit body and the distance of the body part of smear metal tooth is relevant, and then realized the combination of static data, dynamic data and the data of target, belong to 3 types of parameter's combination, both guaranteed that outside smear metal is fast, guaranteed again that the well is smooth, reached the purpose of extension drill bit life-span and improvement well quality. The design of the drill bit takes the target parameters of the drill bit property, the production dynamic state and the drilling speed into consideration, and the economic maximization under the condition of a specific block and specific production parameters is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a structure of a drill bit in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structure of the fin of the drill bit provided with the chip teeth in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural view of a chip tooth in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 shows a dimensional diagram of a chip tooth in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5a to 5e show different dimensional schematics of 5 chip teeth in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a drill bit in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a structure diagram of a drill in an embodiment of the present application, fig. 2 shows a structural diagram of chip teeth arranged on a vane of the drill in the embodiment of the present application, fig. 3 shows a structural diagram of the chip teeth in the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 4 shows a dimensional diagram of the chip teeth in the embodiment of the present application. The drill provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises: a drill body 1; and a plurality of blades 2 inserted in the side of the bit body, the edge of each blade 2 is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth 3, the cutting teeth comprise a body part 31 and a protruding part 32 formed by one end surface of the body part 31 protruding outwards; wherein the angle between the side wall of the protrusion 32 of each tooth 3 and the surface of the body 31 forming said protrusion is determined in dependence of the distance of the centre axis of the bit body 1 from the body 31 of said tooth 3, the set drilling speed and the set rotational speed of the bit body.
The utility model provides a drill bit, through install a plurality of smear metal teeth on the wing on the drill bit body, contained angle and drilling speed between the lateral wall of the protruding portion of every smear metal tooth and the body portion, the axis of the settlement rotational speed of drill bit body and drill bit body with the distance of the body portion of smear metal tooth is relevant, and then has realized the combination of static data, dynamic data and the data of target, belongs to 3 types of parameter's combination, has both guaranteed that outside smear metal is fast, has guaranteed again that the well is smooth, has reached the purpose that prolongs drill bit life-span and improve the well quality. The design of the drill bit takes the target parameters of the drill bit property, the production dynamic state and the drilling speed into consideration, and the economic maximization under the condition of a specific block and specific production parameters is realized.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the included angle between the end surface of the main body portion away from the blade and the side wall of the protruding portion is as follows:
Figure BDA0002288803150000041
where v represents the average bit speed, N represents the set rotational speed of the bit body, and R represents the distance of the central axis of the bit body from the body portion of the chip tooth.
In the formula, the combination of static data, dynamic data and target data is realized, and the combination belongs to the combination of 3 types of parameters, which are not considered by any other drill bit and belong to the first time at home and abroad, wherein R is the size of the drill bit and is a characteristic parameter of the drill bit and belongs to the static parameter.
N is production data at a rotating speed, is dynamic data, and the rotating speed of the drilling machine in China at present is divided into 45 revolutions per minute, 50 revolutions per minute, 60 revolutions per minute, 70 revolutions per minute and 90 revolutions per minute. v is the average drilling speed, the rotating speed is listed in a calculation formula, the basic condition of the current production power is considered, the parameter design of the drill bit is more targeted,
v is the average drilling speed, which directly influences the drilling time and the manpower and material resources consumed by drilling, different blocks have different drilling design quota and limit drilling speed, and the drilling cost is exponentially increased below the average drilling speed, so that the drilling speed directly influences the economic benefit of final operation.
It will be appreciated that the design of the present drill bit takes into account both the bit properties and the production dynamics as well as the drilling speed target parameters to achieve economic maximization for a particular block and for a particular production parameter.
Preferably, the PDC drill bit comprises 4-6 blades, each blade is provided with 4-10 cutting teeth, the main material is hard alloy steel, and the cutting teeth eat the milk stratum to break rocks and drill in the drilling process by rotating and pressurizing the drill bit.
The larger R of the chip teeth in the application is, the larger the angle is, and in the actual use process, the most serious abrasion of the outermost chip teeth is, but the difference of the heights balances the difference of the inner abrasion and the outer abrasion, so that the service life of the drill bit is prolonged.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the drill bit body is provided with 5 cutting teeth on each blade, the cutting teeth are protruded in the middle, the included angle theta (shown in fig. 1) between the line of the cutting tooth conical protrusion and the cutting tooth body is gradually increased from inside to outside, the angle theta is designed to be related to the drilling speed, so that the external cutting speed is high, the well bore is smooth, and the purposes of prolonging the service life of the drill bit and improving the quality of the well bore are achieved.
The parameters of the chip teeth in fig. 5a to 5e are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 parameters of chip teeth
Chip tooth numbering 1 2 3 4 5
θ 5 9.5 14.3 18.2 22.3
H(mm) 1.21 1.82 2.21 2.69 3.07
Data verification shows that the drill bit drills to a high-abrasive stratum of 4000m in certain oil field application, the original drill bit drilling speed is reduced due to high stratum strength, the mechanical drilling speed is 9m/h, the service life of the drill bit is 215 hours from the original 162 hours, and the service life of the drill bit is improved by 32.7 percent.
Fig. 6 shows a method for manufacturing a drill bit in an embodiment of the present application, which specifically includes:
s1: forming a drill bit body;
s2: securing a plurality of blades on the bit body side;
s3: a plurality of cutting teeth are arranged on the edge of each blade; the chip tooth comprises a body part fixed on the blade and a protruding part combined and fixed on one end face of the body part far away from the blade; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the included angle between the end face of one end of the body part far away from the blade and the side wall of the protruding part is determined according to the distance between the central axis of the drill bit body and the body part of the cutting teeth, the set drilling speed and the set rotating speed of the drill bit body.
Based on the same inventive concept, in some embodiments, the set drilling speed is an average drilling speed.
Based on the same inventive concept, in some embodiments, an included angle between an end surface of the main body portion away from the blade and the side wall of the protrusion portion is calculated by:
Figure BDA0002288803150000051
where v represents the average bit speed, N represents the set rotational speed of the bit body, and R represents the distance of the central axis of the bit body from the body portion of the chip tooth.
Based on the same inventive concept, in some embodiments, the number of blades is 4 to 6.
According to the drill bit manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the application, the plurality of cutting teeth are installed on the blade on the drill bit body, the included angle between the side wall of the protruding portion of each cutting tooth and the body portion is related to the drilling speed, the set rotating speed of the drill bit body and the distance between the central axis of the drill bit body and the body portion of each cutting tooth, and therefore static data, dynamic data and target data are combined, the drill bit manufacturing method belongs to the combination of 3 types of parameters, the external cutting speed is high, the well is smooth, and the purposes of prolonging the service life of the drill bit and improving the quality of the well are achieved. The design of the drill bit takes the target parameters of the drill bit property, the production dynamic state and the drilling speed into consideration, and the economic maximization under the condition of a specific block and specific production parameters is realized.
An embodiment of the third aspect of the present application provides a rock breaking tool, including drive arrangement and with drive arrangement is connected, through the drill bit of drive arrangement drive, the drill bit includes: a drill bit body; the cutting teeth comprise a body part fixed on the blades and a protruding part combined and fixed on the end surface of one end of the body part far away from the blades; the included angle between the end face of one end of the main body part far away from the blade and the side wall of the protruding part is determined according to the distance between the central axis of the drill bit body and the main body part of the cutting teeth, the set drilling speed and the set rotating speed of the drill bit body.
It can be understood that, the rock breaking tool that this application provided, because a plurality of chip teeth of installation on the wing on its drill bit body, contained angle and drilling speed between the lateral wall of the protruding portion of every chip tooth and the somatic part, the settlement rotational speed of drill bit body and the axis of drill bit body with the distance of the somatic part of chip tooth is relevant, and then realized the combination of static data, dynamic data and the data of target, belong to 3 types of parameter's combination, both guaranteed that outside smear metal is fast, guaranteed again that the well is smooth, reached the purpose of extension drill bit life-span and improvement well quality. The design of the drill bit takes the target parameters of the drill bit property, the production dynamic state and the drilling speed into consideration, and the economic maximization under the condition of a specific block and specific production parameters is realized.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the specification. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. The above description is only an example of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. Various modifications and variations to the embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present specification should be included in the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present specification.

Claims (10)

1. A drill bit, comprising:
a drill bit body;
the cutting teeth comprise a body part fixed on the blades and a protruding part combined and fixed on the end surface of one end of the body part far away from the blades; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the included angle between the end face of one end of the body part far away from the blade and the side wall of the protruding part is determined according to the distance between the central axis of the drill bit body and the body part of the cutting teeth, the set drilling speed and the set rotating speed of the drill bit body.
2. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein the set drilling speed is an average drilling speed.
3. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein the angle between the end surface of the body portion away from the blades and the side wall of the projection is calculated by:
Figure FDA0002288803140000011
where v represents the average bit speed, N represents the set rotational speed of the bit body, and R represents the distance of the central axis of the bit body from the body portion of the chip tooth.
4. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein the number of blades is 4 to 6.
5. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein the number of chip teeth on each blade is 4 to 10.
6. A method of making a drill bit, comprising:
forming a drill bit body;
securing a plurality of blades on the bit body side;
a plurality of cutting teeth are arranged on the edge of each blade; the chip tooth comprises a body part fixed on the blade and a protruding part combined and fixed on one end face of the body part far away from the blade; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the included angle between the end face of one end of the body part far away from the blade and the side wall of the protruding part is determined according to the distance between the central axis of the drill bit body and the body part of the cutting teeth, the set drilling speed and the set rotating speed of the drill bit body.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the set drilling speed is an average drilling speed.
8. The method for manufacturing a drill bit according to claim 6, wherein an included angle between an end surface of the body portion away from the blades and the side wall of the protruding portion is calculated by the formula:
Figure FDA0002288803140000021
where v represents the average bit speed, N represents the set rotational speed of the bit body, and R represents the distance of the central axis of the bit body from the body portion of the chip tooth.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the number of blades is 4 to 6.
10. A rock breaking tool comprising a drive means and a drill bit connected to the drive means and driven by the drive means, the drill bit comprising:
a drill bit body;
the cutting teeth comprise a body part fixed on the blades and a protruding part combined and fixed on the end surface of one end of the body part far away from the blades; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the included angle between the end face of one end of the body part far away from the blade and the side wall of the protruding part is determined according to the distance between the central axis of the drill bit body and the body part of the cutting teeth, the set drilling speed and the set rotating speed of the drill bit body.
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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4341054A1 (en) * 1993-12-02 1995-06-08 Hawera Probst Kg Hartmetall Rock drilling tool esp. for percussive drilling
US20040231894A1 (en) * 2003-05-21 2004-11-25 Dvorachek Harold A Rotary tools or bits
CN201513124U (en) * 2009-09-21 2010-06-23 深圳市海明润实业有限公司 Plowing type diamond compound plate drill tooth
CN104196458A (en) * 2014-08-26 2014-12-10 莱州市原野科技有限公司 Sharp-tooth PDC drill bit
CN104727752A (en) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-24 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Polycrystalline diamond composite tooth and manufacturing method thereof as well as drill bit
CN105134084A (en) * 2015-08-17 2015-12-09 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 PDC drilling bit with mixed pre-crushing tooth arrangement
CN105178868A (en) * 2015-08-07 2015-12-23 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Design method and device of PDC drill bit and PDC drill bit
CN207436926U (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-06-01 宝鸡市秦新金属制品有限责任公司 The tapered metal cup of tooth is bored for drill bit

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4341054A1 (en) * 1993-12-02 1995-06-08 Hawera Probst Kg Hartmetall Rock drilling tool esp. for percussive drilling
US20040231894A1 (en) * 2003-05-21 2004-11-25 Dvorachek Harold A Rotary tools or bits
CN201513124U (en) * 2009-09-21 2010-06-23 深圳市海明润实业有限公司 Plowing type diamond compound plate drill tooth
CN104727752A (en) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-24 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Polycrystalline diamond composite tooth and manufacturing method thereof as well as drill bit
CN104196458A (en) * 2014-08-26 2014-12-10 莱州市原野科技有限公司 Sharp-tooth PDC drill bit
CN105178868A (en) * 2015-08-07 2015-12-23 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Design method and device of PDC drill bit and PDC drill bit
CN105134084A (en) * 2015-08-17 2015-12-09 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 PDC drilling bit with mixed pre-crushing tooth arrangement
CN207436926U (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-06-01 宝鸡市秦新金属制品有限责任公司 The tapered metal cup of tooth is bored for drill bit

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