CN112939950A - Carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye and synthetic method and application thereof - Google Patents

Carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye and synthetic method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN112939950A
CN112939950A CN201911258845.XA CN201911258845A CN112939950A CN 112939950 A CN112939950 A CN 112939950A CN 201911258845 A CN201911258845 A CN 201911258845A CN 112939950 A CN112939950 A CN 112939950A
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methyl
benzopyran
azetidine
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徐兆超
许宁
乔庆龙
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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    • C07D405/00Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/04Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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Abstract

The invention provides a novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye and synthesis and application thereof, and the structural innovation of the dye is that carbonyl azetidine is covalently connected to the 7 th position of a coumarin parent. The novel fluorescent dye has excellent fluorescence intensity and light stability, so that the novel fluorescent dye has wide application prospect in the fields of fluorescence detection, fluorescence imaging and the like, particularly emerging fields of monomolecular detection, super-resolution fluorescence imaging and the like.
Figure DDA0002311054490000011
R1Is C1-4 alkyl, R2Is composed of
Figure DDA0002311054490000012
Wherein X1Is H, C1-2 alkyl, X2Is a C1-2 alkyl group,
Figure DDA0002311054490000013
X3is a C1-2 alkyl group,
Figure DDA0002311054490000014
X4is C1-2 alkyl.

Description

Carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye and synthetic method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fluorescent dyes, and particularly relates to a novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye and synthesis and application thereof.
Background
Coumarin is a very large family of compounds, and coumarin derivatives are widely found in nature, particularly in plants. The chemical history of coumarin dates back to nearly 200 years, and in recent years, the coumarin parent has been widely applied to the design of small-molecule fluorescent dyes due to the advantages of excellent biocompatibility, strong and stable fluorescence emission, good structural flexibility and the like.
Organic fluorescent dyes are widely applied to biomolecule labeling, and the position and the effect of functional biomolecules are researched by tracking the biomolecules in a WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get) mode. The light intensity and light stability of fluorescent dyes are the primary factors affecting the imaging quality, and although a large number of commercial dyes have been developed and widely used, with the rapid development of single-molecule fluorescence imaging supported by ultra-high resolution, higher requirements are made on the light intensity and light stability of fluorescent dyes.
Quaternary azetidines have been shown to improve both the brightness and photostability of dyes, and newly developed carbonyl azetidines have been shown to further improve the brightness and photostability of coumarin fluorophore precursors.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye.
The invention also aims to provide a synthesis method of the novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye, which has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, convenient purification, easy derivation and the like.
The novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye takes coumarin as a fluorophore matrix, and carbonyl azetidine is covalently connected to the 7 th position of coumarin, so that the brightness and the light stability of the dye are improved.
The carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye has the following structural formula:
Figure BDA0002311054470000011
the novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye comprises the following specific synthesis steps:
(1) synthesis of dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester:
adding 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, azetidine-2-methyl formate hydrochloride, cesium carbonate, tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and 2-dicyclohexyl-phosphorus-2, 4, 6-triisopropylbiphenyl into a reactor, adding 1, 4-dioxane under anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions, slowly heating the reaction solution to 80-120 deg.C under stirring, reacting for 2-10 hr, cooling to room temperature, removing solvent under reduced pressure, separating with silica gel column, and removing the solvent by using dichloromethane and methanol in a volume ratio of 200-5:1 as an eluent to obtain the dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone) azetidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester.
(2) Synthesis of dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester:
adding 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, azetidine-3-methyl formate hydrochloride, cesium carbonate, tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and 2-dicyclohexylphosphonium-2, 4, 6-triisopropylbiphenyl into a reactor, adding 1, 4-dioxane under anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions, slowly heating the reaction solution to 80-120 deg.C under stirring, reacting for 2-10 hr, cooling to room temperature, removing solvent under reduced pressure, separating with silica gel column, and removing the solvent by using dichloromethane and methanol in a volume ratio of 200-5:1 as an eluent to obtain the dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone) azetidine-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester.
(3) Synthesis of the dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) carboxamide:
1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid is dissolved in dry N, N-dimethylformamide and diglycolamine, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and triethylamine are added thereto in this order and stirred at room temperature for 12 to 36 hours. Stopping the reaction, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, separating by a silica gel column, adding dichloromethane into the obtained product, adding trifluoroacetic acid into the dichloromethane, continuing to stir overnight, stopping the reaction, separating by the silica gel column, and removing the solvent by taking dichloromethane as an eluent to obtain a white viscous liquid intermediate azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) formamide.
Adding 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) formamide, cesium carbonate, tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and 2-dicyclohexylphosphorus-2, 4, 6-triisopropylbiphenyl into a reactor, adding 1, 4-dioxane under anhydrous and oxygen-free (nitrogen atmosphere), slowly heating the reaction liquid to 80-120 ℃ under stirring, continuing to react for 2-10 hours, cooling to room temperature, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, separating by using a silica gel column, removing the solvent by using dichloromethane and methanol with the volume ratio of 200-5:1 as eluent to obtain the dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) formamide.
Wherein in (1), 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone: the mass ratio of the azetidine-2-methyl formate hydrochloride is 1: 0.5-2;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the cesium carbonate is 1: 3-6;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium is 10-2: 1;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the 2-dicyclohexyl phosphonium-2, 4, 6-triisopropyl biphenyl is 12-1: 1;
the volume ratio of the mass of the 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone to the volume of the 1, 4-dioxane is 1:40-100 g/mL.
(2) And (3) 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the azetidine-3-methyl formate hydrochloride is 1: 0.5-2;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the cesium carbonate is 1: 3-6;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium is 10-2: 1;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the 2-dicyclohexyl phosphonium-2, 4, 6-triisopropyl biphenyl is 12-1: 1;
the volume ratio of the mass of the 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone to the volume of the 1, 4-dioxane is 1:40-100 g/mL.
(3) In (1), 1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid: the mass ratio of diglycolamine is 1: 1-3;
1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid: the mass ratio of the 1-hydroxybenzotriazole is 1: 2-4;
1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid: the mass ratio of the 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbonyldiimine hydrochloride is 1: 3-6;
the volume ratio of the mass of the 1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid to the volume of triethylamine is 1:4-10 g/mL;
the volume ratio of the mass of the 1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid to the volume of the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:20-80 g/mL;
(3) and (3) 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) formamide is 1: 1-4;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the cesium carbonate is 1: 3-6;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium is 10-2: 1;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the 2-dicyclohexyl phosphonium-2, 4, 6-triisopropyl biphenyl is 12-1: 1;
the volume ratio of the mass of the 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone to the volume of the 1, 4-dioxane is 1:40-100 g/mL.
The application of the novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye in the field of cell and slice fluorescence imaging.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the fluorescent dye provided by the invention has the advantages of simple synthetic method, cheap and easily available raw materials, convenience in derivation and the like.
The dye structure provided by the invention is carbonyl azetidine 4-substituted coumarin, and the brightness and light stability of the dye are effectively improved.
The fluorescent dye provided by the invention has the advantages of high brightness, good light stability and good confocal imaging effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a NMR spectrum of dye Cou-Aze-1 prepared in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a NMR spectrum of dye Cou-Aze-2 prepared in example 2.
FIG. 3 is a high resolution mass spectrum of dye Cou-Aze-3 prepared in example 3.
FIG. 4 is a fluorescence excitation spectrum and a fluorescence emission spectrum of dye Cou-Aze-1 prepared in example 1 normalized to water, with wavelength on the abscissa, normalized fluorescence intensity on the ordinate, and fluorescent dye concentration of 5. mu.M.
FIG. 5 is a fluorescence excitation spectrum and a fluorescence emission spectrum of dye Cou-Aze-2 prepared in example 2 normalized to water, with wavelength on the abscissa, normalized fluorescence intensity on the ordinate, and fluorescent dye concentration of 5. mu.M.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the change in fluorescence emission intensity of dye Cou-Aze-1 prepared in example 1 under 500W tungsten lamp illumination, wavelength on the abscissa and fluorescence intensity on the ordinate.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the change in fluorescence emission intensity of dye Cou-Aze-2 prepared in example 2 under 500W tungsten lamp illumination, wavelength on the abscissa and fluorescence intensity on the ordinate.
FIG. 8 is a photograph of a fluorescent confocal image of HeLa cells of dye Cou-Aze-1 prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Synthesis of dye Cou-Aze-1:
(1) synthesis of intermediate azetidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester hydrochloride:
Figure BDA0002311054470000041
adding 10mL of methanol into a 50mL single-neck bottle, cooling to 0 ℃ in an ice water bath, slowly dropwise adding 0.19mL of thionyl chloride into the single-neck bottle, keeping the temperature at 0 ℃ and continuing stirring for 30 minutes, adding 150mg of azetidine-2-carboxylic acid into the reaction bottle, removing the ice water bath, slowly heating to room temperature, and stirring overnight. The reaction was stopped, the solvent was removed and the resulting solid was washed twice with anhydrous ether to give the pale yellow solid product azetidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester hydrochloride in 86% yield.
(2) Synthesis of dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester:
Figure BDA0002311054470000042
sequentially adding 59.5mg of 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, 45mg of azetidine-2-methyl formate hydrochloride, 196mg of cesium carbonate, 23mg of tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and 36mg of 2-dicyclohexyl-phosphorus-2, 4, 6-triisopropylbiphenyl into a 25mL double-mouth bottle, assembling a reflux device, vacuumizing and replacing nitrogen for three times, adding 4mL of 1, 4-dioxane into a reactor by using an injector in a nitrogen atmosphere, slowly heating the reaction liquid to 105 ℃ under stirring, continuing to react for 4 hours, cooling to room temperature, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, separating by using a silica gel column, and removing the solvent by using dichloromethane and methanol with a volume ratio of 100-10:1 as an eluent to obtain the dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one ) Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester.
The nuclear magnetic spectrum hydrogen spectrum is shown in figure 1, and the specific data is as follows:
1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.41(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),6.41(dd,J=8.6,2.3Hz,1H),6.35(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),6.02(q,J=1.2Hz,1H),4.65(dd,J=8.9,6.6Hz,1H),4.12(ddd,J=8.7,7.1,4.9Hz,1H),3.91–3.84(m,1H),3.82(s,3H),2.73–2.58(m,2H),2.35(d,J=1.2Hz,3H).
the specific data of the high-resolution mass spectrum are as follows:
C15H16NO4[M+H]+theoretical value: 274.1074, actual value: 274.1082.
the structure of the compound is shown as Cou-Aze-1. The fluorescence properties are as follows:
the dye is dissolved in DMSO solution to prepare mother liquor with the concentration of 2mM, 10 mu L of Cou-Aze-1 mother liquor is added into 4mL of water each time to prepare fluorescent dye test solution with the concentration of 5 mu M, and fluorescence excitation and emission spectrum test are carried out. The fluorescence excitation and emission spectra in water are shown in FIG. 4: the absorption wavelength was 350nm and the emission wavelength was 457 nm.
Example 2
Synthesis of dye Cou-Aze-2:
(1) synthesis of intermediate azetidine-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester hydrochloride:
Figure BDA0002311054470000051
adding 10mL of methanol into a 50mL single-neck bottle, cooling to 0 ℃ in an ice water bath, slowly dropwise adding 0.19mL of thionyl chloride into the single-neck bottle, keeping the temperature at 0 ℃ and continuing stirring for 30 minutes, adding 150mg of azetidine-3-carboxylic acid into the reaction bottle, removing the ice water bath, slowly heating to room temperature, and stirring overnight. The reaction was stopped, the solvent was removed and the resulting solid was washed twice with anhydrous ether to give the pale yellow solid product azetidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester hydrochloride in 89% yield.
(2) Synthesis of dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester:
Figure BDA0002311054470000052
sequentially adding 59.5mg of 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, 45mg of azetidine-3-methyl formate hydrochloride, 196mg of cesium carbonate, 23mg of tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and 36mg of 2-dicyclohexyl phosphorus-2, 4, 6-triisopropylbiphenyl into a 25mL double-mouth bottle, assembling a reflux device, vacuumizing and replacing nitrogen for three times, adding 4mL of 1, 4-dioxane into a reactor by using an injector in a nitrogen atmosphere, slowly heating the reaction liquid to 105 ℃ under stirring, continuing to react for 4 hours, cooling to room temperature, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, separating by using a silica gel column, and removing the solvent by using dichloromethane and methanol with a volume ratio of 100-10:1 as an eluent to obtain the dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one ) Azetidine-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester.
The nuclear magnetic spectrum hydrogen spectrum is shown in figure 2, and the specific data is as follows:
1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.41(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),6.34(dd,J=8.6,2.3Hz,1H),6.26(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),6.01(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),4.22–4.12(m,4H),3.78(s,3H),3.61(tt,J=8.5,6.0Hz,1H),2.35(d,J=1.1Hz,3H).
the structure of the compound is shown as Cou-Aze-2. The fluorescence properties are as follows:
the dye is dissolved in DMSO solution to prepare mother liquor with the concentration of 2mM, 10 mu L of Cou-Aze-2 mother liquor is added into 4mL of water each time to prepare fluorescent dye test solution with the concentration of 5 mu M, and fluorescence excitation and emission spectrum test are carried out. The fluorescence excitation and emission spectra in water are shown in FIG. 5: the absorption wavelength was 352nm and the emission wavelength was 464 nm.
Example 3
Synthesis of dye Cou-Aze-3:
(1) synthesis of intermediate azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) carboxamide:
Figure BDA0002311054470000061
100mg of 1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid, 5mL of dried N, N-dimethylformamide, 210mg of diglycolamine, 270mg of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, 380mg of 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbonyldiimine hydrochloride and 0.55mL of triethylamine were sequentially added to a 25mL single-neck flask, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Stopping the reaction, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, separating with silica gel column, adding 10mL of dichloromethane into the obtained product, adding 0.1mL of trifluoroacetic acid into the obtained product, continuing to stir overnight, stopping the reaction, separating with silica gel column, and removing the solvent by using dichloromethane as an eluent to obtain white viscous liquid azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) formamide.
(4) Synthesis of the dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) carboxamide:
Figure BDA0002311054470000062
adding 95mg of 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone, 113mg of azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) formamide, 312mg of cesium carbonate, 18mg of tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and 28mg of 2-dicyclohexyl-phosphorus-2, 4, 6-triisopropylbiphenyl into a 25mL double-mouth bottle in sequence, assembling a reflux device, vacuumizing and replacing nitrogen for three times, adding 4mL of 1, 4-dioxane into the reactor by using an injector under the nitrogen atmosphere, slowly heating the reaction liquid to 105 ℃ under stirring, continuing to react for 4 hours, cooling to room temperature, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, separating by using dichloromethane and methanol with the volume ratio of 100-10:1 as an eluent, the solvent was removed to give the dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) carboxamide.
The high resolution mass spectrum is shown in fig. 3, and the specific data are as follows:
C18H23N2O5[M+H]+theoretical value: 347.1601, actual value: 347.1599.
example 4
Examples 1 and 2 relate to the measurement of the change in fluorescence emission intensity of the fluorescent dyes Cou-Aze-1 and Cou-Aze-2 under 500W tungsten lamp illumination. And adding 10 mu L of the dye mother liquor into 4mL of deionized water, then adding the mixture into a threaded cuvette, placing the front side of the cuvette at a position 50cm away from a tungsten lamp, and performing fluorescence emission spectrum test by respectively adopting time nodes of 0 hour, 0.5 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours and 10 hours.
The plots of the change in fluorescence emission intensity of Cou-Aze-1 and Cou-Aze-2 fluorescent dyes of examples 1 and 2 under 500W tungsten lamp illumination are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7: the fluorescence intensity of the dye can still keep higher intensity after 10 hours of illumination.
Example 5
The invention relates to fluorescence confocal imaging of partial dyes in living cells (RWPE, HeLa, fat cells and the like). Dissolving more than 0.5 mu L of dye mother liquor into 1mL of cell culture solution, and then placing the cell at 37 ℃ for incubation for 10-30 minutes and then carrying out fluorescence imaging.
Cou-Aze-1 fluorescence confocal imaging in HeLa cells as shown in FIG. 8: the dye Cou-Aze-1 is capable of staining the cytoplasm and has a high signal-to-noise ratio.

Claims (8)

1. A novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye is characterized in that: covalently linking the carbonyl azetidine to the 7-position of the coumarin fluorophore parent, the structure of this class of dyes is as follows:
Figure FDA0002311054460000011
R1is C1-4 alkyl, R2Is composed of
Figure FDA0002311054460000012
Wherein X1Is an H, C1-2 alkyl group,
X2is a C1-2 alkyl group,
Figure FDA0002311054460000013
X3is a C1-2 alkyl group,
Figure FDA0002311054460000014
X4is C1-2 alkyl.
2. A method for synthesizing novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye according to claim 1, wherein coumarin is used as the fluorophore precursor, and carbonyl azetidine is covalently linked to position 7 of coumarin to obtain the fluorescent dye.
3. The method for synthesizing the novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye according to claim 2, comprising the following steps:
(1) synthesis of dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester:
adding 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, azetidine-2-methyl formate hydrochloride, cesium carbonate, tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and 2-dicyclohexyl-phosphorus-2, 4, 6-triisopropylbiphenyl into a reactor, adding 1, 4-dioxane under anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions, slowly heating the reaction solution to 80-120 deg.C under stirring, reacting for 2-10 hr, cooling to room temperature, removing solvent under reduced pressure, separating with silica gel column, removing the solvent by using dichloromethane and methanol as eluent in a volume ratio of 200-5:1 to obtain dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone) azetidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester;
(2) synthesis of dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester:
adding 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, azetidine-3-methyl formate hydrochloride, cesium carbonate, tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and 2-dicyclohexylphosphonium-2, 4, 6-triisopropylbiphenyl into a reactor, adding 1, 4-dioxane under anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions, slowly heating the reaction solution to 80-120 deg.C under stirring, reacting for 2-10 hr, cooling to room temperature, removing solvent under reduced pressure, separating with silica gel column, removing the solvent by using dichloromethane and methanol as eluent in a volume ratio of 200-5:1 to obtain dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone) azetidine-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester;
(3) synthesis of the dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) carboxamide:
dissolving 1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid in dry N, N-dimethylformamide, and sequentially adding diglycolamine, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and triethylamine thereto, stirring at room temperature for 12-36 hours; stopping the reaction, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, separating by using a silica gel column, adding dichloromethane into the obtained product, adding trifluoroacetic acid into the dichloromethane, continuously stirring the mixture overnight, stopping the reaction, separating by using the silica gel column, and removing the solvent by using dichloromethane as an eluent to obtain a white viscous liquid intermediate azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) formamide;
adding 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, the obtained azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) formamide, cesium carbonate, tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and 2-dicyclohexylphosphorus-2, 4, 6-triisopropylbiphenyl into a reactor, adding 1, 4-dioxane into the reactor under the anhydrous and oxygen-free (nitrogen atmosphere), slowly heating the reaction liquid to 80-120 ℃ under stirring, continuing to react for 2-10 hours, cooling to room temperature, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, separating by using a silica gel column, taking dichloromethane and methanol with the volume ratio of 200-5:1 as an eluent, removing the solvent to obtain the dye 1- (4-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) formamide.
4. The method for synthesizing novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye according to claim 3, wherein in (1), 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the azetidine-2-methyl formate hydrochloride is 1: 0.5-2;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the cesium carbonate is 1: 3-6;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium is 10-2: 1;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the 2-dicyclohexyl phosphonium-2, 4, 6-triisopropyl biphenyl is 12-1: 1;
the volume ratio of the mass of the 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone to the volume of the 1, 4-dioxane is 1:40-100 g/mL.
5. The method for synthesizing novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye according to claim 3, wherein in (2), 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the azetidine-3-methyl formate hydrochloride is 1: 0.5-2;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the cesium carbonate is 1: 3-6;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium is 10-2: 1;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the 2-dicyclohexyl phosphonium-2, 4, 6-triisopropyl biphenyl is 12-1: 1;
the volume ratio of the mass of the 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone to the volume of the 1, 4-dioxane is 1:40-100 g/mL.
6. The method for synthesizing the novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye according to claim 3, wherein in (3), 1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid: the mass ratio of diglycolamine is 1: 1-3;
1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid: the mass ratio of the 1-hydroxybenzotriazole is 1: 2-4;
1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid: the mass ratio of the 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbonyldiimine hydrochloride is 1: 3-6;
the volume ratio of the mass of the 1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid to the volume of triethylamine is 1:4-10 g/mL;
the volume ratio of the mass of the 1-Boc-L-acridine-2-carboxylic acid to the volume of the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1:20-80 g/mL.
7. The method for synthesizing the novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye according to claim 3, wherein in (3), the ratio of 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the azetidine-2- (2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl) formamide is 1: 1-4;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the cesium carbonate is 1: 3-6;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium is 10-2: 1;
4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one: the mass ratio of the 2-dicyclohexyl phosphonium-2, 4, 6-triisopropyl biphenyl is 12-1: 1;
the volume ratio of the mass of the 4-methyl-7-bromo-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ketone to the volume of the 1, 4-dioxane is 1:40-100 g/mL.
8. The application of the novel carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye as claimed in claim 1 in the field of cell and slice fluorescence imaging.
CN201911258845.XA 2019-12-10 2019-12-10 Carbonyl azetidine substituted coumarin fluorescent dye and synthetic method and application thereof Pending CN112939950A (en)

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