CN112936912B - Composite material transmission shaft and forming method thereof - Google Patents
Composite material transmission shaft and forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112936912B CN112936912B CN202110389232.0A CN202110389232A CN112936912B CN 112936912 B CN112936912 B CN 112936912B CN 202110389232 A CN202110389232 A CN 202110389232A CN 112936912 B CN112936912 B CN 112936912B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
- F16D1/02—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for connecting two abutting shafts or the like
- F16D1/033—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for connecting two abutting shafts or the like by clamping together two faces perpendicular to the axis of rotation, e.g. with bolted flanges
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of transmission shafts and discloses a composite material transmission shaft and a forming method thereof. The molding method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of connecting flanges at two ends of a core mold by using an air-expanding roller, enabling an inclined plane to face the core mold, gradually winding a fiber dry wire to one end of the core mold along the axial direction of the core mold, adjusting the winding direction of the fiber dry wire to 90 degrees when the fiber dry wire is wound to the flange close to the end, winding at least 2 circles under the angle, winding the fiber dry wire around two grooves along the flange of the end in sequence, winding the fiber dry wire around the core mold along the flange of the end, winding the fiber dry wire to the other end of the core mold, and curing and forming the fiber dry wire based on an RTM (real time mechanical molding) process after winding for many times, so as to obtain the composite material transmission shaft. The invention realizes good connection between the flange and the fiber shaft body, fully exerts mechanical properties and ensures stable transmission of torsional load of the composite material transmission shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of transmission shafts, and particularly relates to a composite material transmission shaft and a forming method thereof.
Background
The composite material transmission shaft comprises a fiber shaft body and flanges connected to two ends of the fiber shaft body, and is widely applied to various fields such as engineering machinery, wind power generation, locomotives and ship propelling devices. The fiber shaft body of the existing composite material transmission shaft is mainly formed by the technologies of winding, twisting, mould pressing, pulling and extruding of the fiber of the prepreg resin, and compared with the traditional metal transmission shaft, the fiber shaft body of the existing composite material transmission shaft has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance, large vibration attenuation, low noise, no magnetic conduction, no maintenance and capability of reducing the number of supporting bearings when being applied to a longer shaft system. When the composite material transmission shaft is in practical application, how to realize stable transmission of shafting torsional load is important to design a connection structure between the fiber shaft body and the flange. In the prior art, the connection mode between the fiber shaft body part and the flange of the composite material transmission shaft is mainly cementing and mechanical connection, but the disadvantage of mechanically connecting the flange and the fiber shaft body part is that the composite material shaft is required to be perforated with holes, so that the loss of mechanical properties of the composite material is larger; the disadvantage of the gluing of the flange and the fiber shaft is that the gluing strength is not high and the use safety coefficient is low. Therefore, with the wider and wider application of composite material transmission, under the condition of higher and higher requirements on high strength and light weight, the original single molding technology cannot meet the requirement on the molding of increasingly complex structural components.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the composite material transmission shaft and the forming method thereof, and the flange structure is adjusted and combined with the fiber winding method, so that good connection between the flange and the fiber shaft body is realized, the mechanical property is fully exerted, and the stable transmission of the torsion load of the composite material transmission shaft is ensured.
In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the composite material transmission shaft comprises a tubular fiber shaft body part, a fiber connecting part and flanges connected to two axial ends of the fiber shaft body part through the fiber connecting part, wherein the end surface of one side of the flange, which is close to the fiber shaft body part, is an inclined surface, the inclined surface inclines from the inner side of the flange along the radial direction to the outer side of the flange along the radial direction, and a plurality of grooves are formed at intervals around the outer peripheral surface of the flange;
the fiber shaft body and the fiber connecting part are integrally wound by fiber dry wires according to a set layer number and then are solidified and formed through an RTM forming process, the fiber dry wires are limited by a plurality of grooves on the flange and are attached to the inclined plane when bypassing the flange each time, and an included angle between the winding direction of the fiber dry wires at the fiber shaft body and the axial direction of the fiber shaft body is alpha.
Further, the specific winding angle of each layer is specifically designed according to the stress condition of the composite material transmission shaft, wherein alpha=3-87 degrees.
Further, the fiber dry filaments are any one of carbon fibers, glass fibers or aramid fibers.
Further, the flange is made of any one of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or titanium alloy.
The forming method of the composite material transmission shaft comprises the following steps:
(1) The two ends of the core mould along the axial direction are respectively connected with the flange through the air-expanding roller, and one side of the flange provided with the inclined plane faces the core mould;
(2) Winding the fiber dry wire to one end of the core mold along the axial direction of the core mold according to a set angle alpha, adjusting the winding direction of the fiber dry wire to be perpendicular to the axial direction of the core mold and winding at least 2 circles under the angle when a flange close to the end is to be wound, winding the fiber dry wire to one end of the core mold along the flange of the end after sequentially winding the two grooves along the flange of the end, winding at least 2 circles at one end of the core mold along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the core mold, and completing the winding of the first layer; then winding the second layer along the axial direction of the core mould according to a set angle alpha to the other end of the core mould; winding according to the set layer number to obtain a preformed body;
(3) And placing the preformed body in an exterior mold, performing curing molding through an RTM molding process, and respectively forming a fiber shaft body part and a fiber connecting part after curing molding of a part of a fiber dry wire on a mandrel and a part of a fiber dry wire on a flange through the RTM molding process, and sequentially removing the exterior mold, the air-expanding roller and the core mold to obtain the composite material transmission shaft.
The structure of the outer mold is further limited, a cavity matched with the preformed body is formed in the outer mold, the outer mold comprises a middle pipe part and bottom plates which are respectively buckled at openings at two ends of the middle pipe part, first mounting through holes are respectively formed in the 2 bottom plates, a glue injection system in an RTM forming process is communicated with the cavity through the first mounting through holes in one of the bottom plates and is used for injecting curing molding resin into the cavity, and an air extraction system in the RTM forming process is communicated with the cavity through the first mounting through holes in the other bottom plate and is used for extracting gas in the cavity and promoting resin transfer.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate connection of the chassis and the middle pipe part, a plurality of internal thread holes are formed in the end part of the middle pipe part at intervals along the circumferential direction, second installation through holes corresponding to the internal thread holes are formed in the chassis around the circumferential direction, the middle pipe part is connected with the internal thread holes through screws which are inserted into the second installation through holes and are in threaded fit with the internal thread holes, and the diameter of the second installation through holes is larger than that of the internal thread holes. After the preformed body is placed in the middle pipe part, the chassis is preassembled at the two ends of the middle pipe part through the screws, and the diameter of the second mounting through hole is required to be set to be larger than that of the internal threaded hole because the preformed body is in a relatively fluffy state, so that the position of the chassis is convenient to adjust after the preassembling is finished, the preformed body is adapted, and after the position of the chassis is adjusted, the screws are screwed down again, so that the chassis is fixed relatively to the middle pipe part.
Further, a third mounting through hole is reserved on the flange so that the composite material transmission shaft can be connected with the speed reducer when in use, and when the winding in the step (2) is carried out, a pin is inserted into the third mounting hole, so that the third mounting hole is prevented from being blocked by a fiber dry wire in the winding process. Meanwhile, the balloon roller should be bypassed to prevent the detachment of the balloon roller and the core mold from being influenced after the solidification and the formation.
The structure of the balloon roller and the connection mode of the balloon roller and the core mold are further limited, blind holes along the axial direction of the core mold are respectively formed in the two ends of the core mold along the axial direction of the core mold, internal threads are arranged in the blind holes, short shafts along the axial direction of the balloon roller are respectively arranged at the two ends of the balloon roller along the axial direction of the core mold, external threads matched with the internal threads in the blind holes are arranged on one of the 2 short shafts, and the balloon roller is in threaded connection with the core mold through the short shaft provided with the external threads.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the invention, after the core mould is partially wound, the core mould is wound to the flange, the core mould is wound from the inner side of the flange to the outer side of the flange through the flange groove, then wound back to the inner side of the flange, and further wound back to the core mould to wind the next layer, the winding work of the whole shaft is completed in a sequential cycle, the fiber is connected with the flange to form a whole, the connection strength between the fiber shaft body and the flange is greatly improved, and the connection problem between the conventional composite material transmission shaft and the flange is solved;
2) The inclined plane of the flange improves the bonding degree between the flange and the fiber dry wire, so that the flange and the fiber dry wire can be tightly bonded in the winding process, and simultaneously, more than two circles of winding perpendicular to the axial direction can be performed at the root of each layer in order to adjust the trend of the fiber at the root of the shaft tube, so that the bonding degree of the fiber and the inclined plane is further ensured, and the firmness and the use strength are ensured; on the other hand, the end part of the fiber shaft body part and the flange are in rounded transition (namely, the arc transition between the fiber shaft body part and the fiber connecting part is realized, the fiber connecting part is attached to the inclined surface of the flange), so that the mechanical property of the end part of the fiber shaft body part is improved, and the stress concentration phenomenon at the corner part is reduced; the third aspect facilitates reducing voids within a composite drive shaft. The groove design of the flange can fix the trend of the fiber dry wires, and the integral mechanical property of the composite material transmission shaft is fully exerted through the mechanical property of the fiber composite material at the flange part.
3) And the flange and the core mould are connected by using the air-expanding roller, so that mechanical punching is avoided, and the strength of the flange is ensured.
4) The dry fiber is used for winding instead of presoaked fiber, RTM glue injection is carried out after the dry fiber is wound, and the RTM forming process is used for curing and forming, so that the gaps in the transmission shaft of the composite material, particularly the gaps in the shaft body part of the fiber, can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preform according to an embodiment of the present invention after being cured and molded by an RTM molding process.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 1 at a;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a flange to a mandrel in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 3 at b;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of an outer die according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the outer form of the present invention, wherein the chassis on one side is not shown;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the chassis in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the winding angle α of the fiber dry filaments on the mandrel in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a composite propeller shaft in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the fiber dry filament bypassing the groove in example 1.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the fiber dry filament bypassing the groove in example 2.
FIG. 12 is a schematic dimensional view of a flange in an embodiment.
The reference numerals in the drawings are: 101. fiber shaft body 102, fiber connection part 2, flange 201, inclined plane 202, groove 3, mandrel 301, blind hole 4, air expansion roller 401, short shaft 501, middle pipe part 502, chassis 503, first mounting through hole 504, second mounting through hole 505, cavity 6, fiber dry wire.
Alpha: winding angle of the fiber dry filament on the core mold.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in various other embodiments according to the present invention, or simply change or modify the design structure and thought of the present invention, which fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The invention is further described in detail below in connection with the examples:
referring to fig. 1 to 8, the composite material transmission shaft of the present embodiment includes a tubular fiber shaft body 101, a fiber connection part 102, and flanges 2 connected to both axial ends of the fiber shaft body 101 by the fiber connection part 102, wherein an end surface of the flange 2 on one side close to the fiber shaft body 101 is a slope 201, the slope 201 is inclined from an inner side of the flange 2 in a radial direction to an outer side of the flange 2 in the radial direction, and a plurality of grooves 202 are provided at intervals around an outer peripheral surface of the flange 2;
the fiber shaft body 101 and the fiber connection part 102 are integrally wound by the fiber dry wires 6 according to a set layer number and then are solidified and formed by an RTM forming process, the fiber dry wires 6 are limited by a plurality of grooves 202 on the flange each time when bypassing the flange, the fiber connection part 102 is attached to the inclined plane 201, and an included angle between the winding direction of the fiber dry wires 6 at the fiber shaft body 101 and the axial direction of the fiber shaft body 101 is alpha.
The forming method of the composite material transmission shaft comprises the following steps:
(1) The two ends of the core mold 3 along the axial direction are respectively connected with the flange 2 through the balloon roller 4, and one side of the flange 2 provided with the inclined plane 201 faces the core mold 3;
(1) Winding the fiber dry wire 6 to one end of the core mold 3 along the axial direction of the core mold 3 according to a set angle alpha, adjusting the winding direction of the fiber dry wire 6 to be perpendicular to the axial direction of the core mold 3 and winding at least 2 circles under the angle when the fiber dry wire is wound to the flange 2 close to the end, winding the fiber dry wire 6 to one end of the core mold 3 along the flange 2 of the end after sequentially bypassing the two grooves 202, winding at least 2 circles at one end of the core mold 3 along the flange 2 of the end, and finishing the winding of the first layer; then winding the second layer along the axial direction of the core mold 3 to the other end of the core mold 3 according to a set angle alpha; winding according to the set layer number to obtain a preformed body;
(3) And placing the preformed body in an exterior mold, curing and molding by an RTM molding process, and respectively forming the fiber shaft body part 101 and the fiber connecting part 102 after curing and molding the part of the fiber dry wire 6 on the mandrel and the part on the flange 2 by the RTM molding process, and sequentially removing the exterior mold, the air-expanding roller and the core mold to obtain the composite material transmission shaft.
The structure of the outer die is as follows: the inside of the external mold is provided with a cavity 505 matched with the preformed body, the external mold comprises a middle pipe part 501 and bottom plates 502 respectively buckled at openings at two ends of the middle pipe part 501, the 2 bottom plates 502 are respectively provided with a first mounting through hole 503, an injection system in the RTM molding process is communicated with the cavity 505 through the first mounting through hole 503 on one of the bottom plates 502 and is used for injecting curing molding resin into the cavity 505, and an air extraction system in the RTM molding process is communicated with the cavity 505 through the first mounting through hole 503 on the other bottom plate 502 and is used for extracting gas in the cavity 505 and promoting resin transfer.
In order to facilitate connection between the chassis 502 and the middle pipe 501, a plurality of internal threaded holes are formed at the end of the middle pipe 501 at intervals along the circumferential direction, a second mounting through hole 504 corresponding to the internal threaded holes is formed on the chassis 502 around the circumferential direction, the middle pipe 501 is connected with the internal threaded holes through screws inserted into the second mounting through hole 504 and in threaded fit with the internal threaded holes, and the diameter of the second mounting through hole 504 is larger than that of the internal threaded holes. After the pre-formed body is placed in the middle pipe part 501, the base plate 502 is pre-installed at two ends of the middle pipe part 501 through screws, and because the pre-formed body is in a relatively fluffy state, the diameter of the second installation through hole 504 is required to be set to be larger than that of the internal threaded hole, so that the position of the base plate 502 can be conveniently adjusted after the pre-installation is completed, the pre-formed body is adapted to the pre-formed body, and after the position of the base plate 502 is adjusted, the screws are screwed down, so that the base plate 502 is fixed relative to the middle pipe part 501.
The winding angle alpha of the fiber dry wire 6 is=3-87 degrees, the specific winding angle of each layer is specifically designed according to the stress condition of the composite material transmission shaft, and the winding angles alpha of the layers can be the same or different.
And a third mounting through hole is reserved on the flange 2 so that the composite material transmission shaft can be connected with the speed reducer when in use, and when the winding in the step (2) is carried out, pins are inserted into the third mounting hole, so that the third mounting hole is prevented from being blocked by the dry fiber 6 in the winding process.
The structure of the balloon roller 4 and the connection mode of the balloon roller 4 and the core mold 3 are specifically as follows: blind holes 301 along the axial direction of the core mold 3 are respectively formed in the two ends of the core mold 3 along the axial direction, internal threads are arranged in the blind holes 301, short shafts 401 along the axial direction of the balloon roller 4 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the balloon roller 4 along the axial direction, external threads matched with the internal threads in the blind holes 301 are arranged on one of the 2 short shafts 401, and the balloon roller 4 is in threaded connection with the core mold 3 through the short shaft 401 provided with the external threads.
The fiber dry filaments 6 are any one of carbon fiber, glass fiber or aramid fiber.
The flange 2 is made of any one of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or titanium alloy.
Through winding to flange 2 after mandrel 3 partial winding, wind to flange 2 outside from flange 2 inboard through flange 2 recess 202, wind back to flange 2 inboard to further wind back mandrel 3 carries out the winding of next floor, and circulation in proper order accomplishes the winding work of whole axle, through fibre connection flange 2, forms an organic whole, improves the joint strength between fibre shaft body 101 and flange 2 greatly, has overcome the connection problem between current combined material transmission shaft and the flange 2.
The inclined plane 201 of the flange 2 improves the bonding degree between the flange 2 and the fiber dry wire 6, so that the flange 2 and the fiber dry wire 6 can be tightly bonded in the winding process, and meanwhile, more than two circles of winding perpendicular to the axial direction can be performed at the root of each layer in order to adjust the trend of the fiber at the root of the shaft tube, so that the bonding degree of the fiber and the inclined plane 201 is further ensured, and the firmness and the use strength are ensured; on the other hand, the end part of the fiber shaft body 101 and the flange 2 are subjected to rounded transition, namely, the arc transition between the fiber shaft body 101 and the fiber connecting part 102 is realized, the fiber connecting part 102 is attached to the inclined plane 201 of the flange 2, the mechanical property of the end part of the fiber shaft body 101 is improved, and the stress concentration phenomenon at the corner is reduced; the third aspect facilitates reducing voids within a composite drive shaft. The groove 202 of the flange 2 is designed to fix the trend of the fiber dry wire 6, and the integral mechanical property of the composite material transmission shaft is fully exerted through the mechanical property of the fiber composite material at the flange 2 part.
The flange 2 and the core mold 3 are connected by using the air-expanding roller 4, so that mechanical punching is avoided, and the strength of the flange 2 is ensured.
The dry fiber 6 is used for winding instead of presoaked fibers, RTM glue injection is performed after the dry fiber 6 is wound, and the RTM forming process is used for curing and forming, so that the gaps inside the transmission shaft of the composite material, particularly the gaps of the fiber shaft body 101, can be effectively reduced.
Specific preparation examples:
example 1
In the embodiment, carbon fiber is used for winding, the winding angle is [45 DEG/15 DEG/30 DEG/60 DEG ] s, 14 layers are wound in total, the winding is performed on a mandrel with the length of 2m to a flange, the flange is made of titanium alloy material, the width d is 10mm, the outer diameter R of the flange is 160mm, the inner diameter R of the flange is 130mm and 0 DEG is wound for two circles, after the winding is performed on the flange, two adjacent grooves are sequentially wound, the winding is performed on one end of the mandrel along the flange at the end, and two circles of winding are performed on one end of the mandrel along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the mandrel, so that the winding of the first layer is completed; then winding the second layer along the axial direction of the core mould to the other end of the core mould according to a set angle; winding according to the set layer number to obtain a preformed body;
as shown in fig. 10, each time the flange is wound, two adjacent grooves are wound in turn, and the number of grooves on the designed flange corresponds to the number of winding layers.
And placing the preformed body in an exterior mold, wherein an injection system in the RTM forming process is communicated with the cavity through a first mounting through hole on one chassis and is used for injecting the resin for curing forming into the cavity, and an air exhaust system in the RTM forming process is communicated with the cavity through a first mounting through hole on the other chassis and is used for exhausting gas in the cavity and promoting resin transfer. And (3) connecting the prepared epoxy resin, completing resin injection, respectively forming the fiber shaft body and the fiber connecting part after curing and forming, and sequentially removing the outer section mould, the air-expanding roller and the core mould to obtain the composite material transmission shaft.
The transmission shaft prepared by the scheme is subjected to torque test, and the transmission steady-state torque is 3000Nm, the transient torque can reach 4000Nm, the weight is 4.6kg, and the transmission shaft is only 3/4 of the weight of the aluminum alloy transmission shaft.
Example 2
In the embodiment, glass fiber is used for winding, the winding angle is [45 DEG/30 DEG/60 DEG/45 DEG ] s, 14 layers are wound in total, the winding is carried out on a mandrel with the length of 2m to a flange, the flange is made of aluminum alloy material, the width is 10mm, the outer diameter R of the flange is 160mm, the inner diameter R of the flange is 130mm, the winding is carried out for two circles at 0 DEG, two grooves are sequentially wound on the flange, 10 grooves are arranged between the two grooves, one end of the mandrel is wound back along the flange at the end of the mandrel, three circles are wound on one end of the mandrel along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the mandrel, and the winding of the first layer is completed; then winding the second layer along the axial direction of the core mould to the other end of the core mould according to a set angle; winding according to the set layer number to obtain a preformed body;
as shown in fig. 11, each time the flange is wound, two adjacent grooves are wound in turn, and the number of grooves on the designed flange corresponds to the number of winding layers.
And placing the preformed body in an exterior mold, wherein an injection system in the RTM forming process is communicated with the cavity through a first mounting through hole on one chassis and is used for injecting the resin for curing forming into the cavity, and an air exhaust system in the RTM forming process is communicated with the cavity through a first mounting through hole on the other chassis and is used for exhausting gas in the cavity and promoting resin transfer. And (3) connecting the prepared vinyl resin, completing resin injection, respectively forming the fiber shaft body and the fiber connecting part after curing and forming, and sequentially removing the outer section mould, the air-expanding roller and the core mould to obtain the composite material transmission shaft.
The transmission shaft prepared by the scheme is subjected to torque test, and the transmission steady-state torque is 2500Nm, the transient torque can reach 1800Nm, the weight is 5.3kg, and the weight is only 4/5 of the weight of the aluminum alloy transmission shaft.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme and the concept of the present invention, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
Claims (9)
1. A composite drive shaft, characterized by: the composite material transmission shaft comprises a tubular fiber shaft body (101), a fiber connecting part (102) and flanges (2) connected to two axial ends of the fiber shaft body (101) through the fiber connecting part (102), wherein the end face of one side, close to the fiber shaft body (101), of the flange (2) is an inclined surface (201), the inclined surface (201) inclines from the inner side of the flange (2) along the radial direction to the outer side of the flange (2) along the radial direction, and a plurality of grooves (202) are formed in the periphery of the flange (2) at intervals;
the fiber shaft body (101) and the fiber connecting part (102) are integrally wound by fiber dry wires (6) according to a set layer number and then are solidified and formed through an RTM forming process, the fiber dry wires (6) are limited by a plurality of grooves (202) on the flange each time when bypassing the flange, the fiber connecting part (102) is attached to the inclined plane (201), and an included angle between the winding direction of the fiber dry wires (6) at the fiber shaft body (101) and the axial direction of the fiber shaft body (101) is alpha;
the forming of the composite material transmission shaft comprises the following steps:
the flange (2) is respectively connected with two ends of the core mold (3) along the axial direction through the inflatable rollers (4), and one side of the flange (2) provided with the inclined plane (201) faces the core mold (3);
(2) Winding the fiber dry wire (6) to one end of the core mold (3) along the axial direction of the core mold (3) according to a set angle alpha, adjusting the winding direction of the fiber dry wire (6) to be perpendicular to the axial direction of the core mold (3) and winding at least 2 circles under the angle when the fiber dry wire is wound to the flange (2) close to the end, sequentially winding the fiber dry wire (6) to two grooves (202) along the flange (2) of the end, winding the fiber dry wire to one end of the core mold (3) along the flange (2) of the end, and winding at least 2 circles at one end of the core mold (3) along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the core mold (3), thereby completing the winding of the first layer; then winding the second layer along the axial direction of the core mold (3) to the other end of the core mold (3) according to a set angle alpha; winding according to the set layer number to obtain a preformed body;
(3) Placing the preformed body in an exterior mold, curing and molding by an RTM molding process, and respectively forming a fiber shaft body (101) and a fiber connecting part (102) after curing and molding a part of a fiber dry wire (6) on a mandrel and a part of a fiber dry wire on a flange (2) by the RTM molding process, and sequentially removing the exterior mold, an air-expanding roller and a core mold to obtain the composite material transmission shaft;
the arc transition between the fiber shaft body (101) and the fiber connecting part (102) reduces stress concentration at the corner.
2. The composite drive shaft of claim 1, wherein: the alpha=3° to 87 °.
3. The composite drive shaft of claim 1, wherein: the fiber dry filaments (6) are any one of carbon fibers, glass fibers or aramid fibers.
4. The composite drive shaft of claim 1, wherein: the flange (2) is made of any one of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or titanium alloy.
5. A method of molding a composite propeller shaft as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the flange (2) is respectively connected with two ends of the core mold (3) along the axial direction through the inflatable rollers (4), and one side of the flange (2) provided with the inclined plane (201) faces the core mold (3);
(2) Winding the fiber dry wire (6) to one end of the core mold (3) along the axial direction of the core mold (3) according to a set angle alpha, adjusting the winding direction of the fiber dry wire (6) to be perpendicular to the axial direction of the core mold (3) and winding at least 2 circles under the angle when the fiber dry wire is wound to the flange (2) close to the end, sequentially winding the fiber dry wire (6) to two grooves (202) along the flange (2) of the end, winding the fiber dry wire to one end of the core mold (3) along the flange (2) of the end, and winding at least 2 circles at one end of the core mold (3) along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the core mold (3), thereby completing the winding of the first layer; then winding the second layer along the axial direction of the core mold (3) to the other end of the core mold (3) according to a set angle alpha; winding according to the set layer number to obtain a preformed body;
(3) And placing the preformed body in an exterior mold, curing and molding by an RTM molding process, and respectively forming a fiber shaft body (101) and a fiber connecting part (102) after curing and molding the part of the fiber dry wire (6) on the mandrel and the part of the fiber dry wire on the flange (2) by the RTM molding process, and sequentially removing the exterior mold, the air-expanding roller and the core mold to obtain the composite material transmission shaft.
6. The method of forming a composite propeller shaft of claim 5 wherein: the inside of exterior mould is formed with preformed body matched with die cavity (505), exterior mould include middle pipe portion (501) and respectively buckle chassis (502) of installing in the both ends opening part of middle pipe portion (501), 2 respectively set up first installation through-hole (503) on chassis (502), the injecting glue system in the RTM shaping technology communicates with die cavity (505) and is used for injecting curing shaping resin into die cavity (505) through first installation through-hole (503) on one of them chassis (502), and the pumping system in the RTM shaping technology communicates with die cavity (505) through first installation through-hole (503) on another chassis (502) and is used for taking out the gas in die cavity (505) and promoting the resin transmission.
7. The method of forming a composite propeller shaft of claim 6 wherein: the end part of the middle pipe part (501) is provided with a plurality of internal thread holes at intervals along the circumferential direction, a second installation through hole (504) corresponding to the internal thread holes is formed on the chassis (502) around the circumferential direction, the middle pipe part (501) is connected with the internal thread holes through screws which are inserted into the second installation through hole (504) and are in threaded fit with the internal thread holes, and the diameter of the second installation through hole (504) is larger than that of the internal thread holes.
8. The method of forming a composite propeller shaft of claim 5 wherein: and a third mounting through hole is reserved on the flange (2), and a pin is inserted into the third mounting hole when the winding in the step (2) is performed, so that the third mounting hole is prevented from being blocked by the fiber dry wire (6) in the winding process.
9. The method of forming a composite propeller shaft of claim 5 wherein: the novel plastic core is characterized in that blind holes (301) along the axial direction of the core mold (3) are respectively formed in the two ends of the core mold (3) along the axial direction, internal threads are arranged in the blind holes (301), short shafts (401) along the axial direction of the balloon roller (4) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the balloon roller (4) along the axial direction, external threads matched with the internal threads in the blind holes (301) are arranged on one of the 2 short shafts (401), and the balloon roller (4) is in threaded connection with the core mold (3) through the short shafts (401) provided with the external threads.
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| CN113232329B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-09-20 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Preparation method of integrated composite material conduit with flange plate |
| CN113844061B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-14 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | RTM (resin transfer molding) process method for unidirectional fiber yarn composite material plate |
| CN114321515B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2024-06-18 | 江苏集萃碳纤维及复合材料应用技术研究院有限公司 | Composite material pipe with embedded flange connection structure |
| CN114454517A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-10 | 山东广域科技有限责任公司 | Composite material pole core mold, using method and composite material pole |
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