CN112935727B - Split type lower ring machining method - Google Patents
Split type lower ring machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112935727B CN112935727B CN202110162612.0A CN202110162612A CN112935727B CN 112935727 B CN112935727 B CN 112935727B CN 202110162612 A CN202110162612 A CN 202110162612A CN 112935727 B CN112935727 B CN 112935727B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention provides a split type lower ring processing method, which relates to the technical field of water turbine part manufacturing, and comprises the following steps: respectively casting multi-petal arc petals which are suitable for assembly welding as a lower ring; drawing a horizontal datum line on the outer wall of the lower straight circle of each arc valve, and drawing single-valve combined surface lines on the inner side and the outer side of the combined surface of each arc valve respectively; carrying out rough milling on the upper end face, the lower end face and the joint faces of the two sides of each arc valve until the arc valve is flat; finish milling the joint surfaces at two sides of each arc valve until the length of the arc valve in the arc length direction reaches a set length, and enabling the included angle of the joint surfaces at two sides of each finish-milled arc valve to reach a set angle; welding the multi-petal arc petals together in a pairwise welding resistance mode to form a lower ring blank; finely milling the inner hole wall and the outer circular wall of the lower ring blank to form a lower ring; the lower ring is split into multiple single-valve rings. Can process high quality products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of parts of water turbines, in particular to a split type lower ring machining method.
Background
With the development of the water turbine towards high efficiency and large scale, a plurality of large and medium-sized hydropower stations are developed and built in succession in China. The lower ring is an important component part of the turbine runner, and because the diameter size of the lower ring product is large and the wall is thin, the lower ring is usually produced in a mode of respectively casting the lower ring in a multi-petal mode and then welding the multi-petal arc petals into a whole. The product is required to be processed, so that the whole size of the product meets the drawing requirement, and meanwhile, the size of each arc valve of the split is required to be consistent, but the quality of the product is difficult to be ensured by the existing split processing method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing split type lower ring processing method is difficult to ensure the product quality to a certain extent.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a split type lower ring processing method, including:
respectively casting multiple arc-shaped petals which are suitable for being assembled and welded into a lower ring;
drawing a horizontal datum line on the outer wall of the lower straight circle of each arc valve, and drawing single-valve combination facial lines on the inner side and the outer side of the combination surface of each arc valve, wherein the horizontal datum line is perpendicular to the single-valve combination facial lines;
performing rough milling on the upper end face of each arc valve until the upper end face is flat, performing rough milling on the lower end face of each arc valve until the lower end face is flat, and performing rough milling on the joint face of each arc valve until the joint face is flat;
finely milling the joint surfaces at two sides of each arc valve until the length of the arc valve in the arc length direction reaches a set length, and enabling the included angle of the joint surfaces at two sides of each finely milled arc valve to reach a set angle, wherein the set angle is equal to 360 degrees divided by the number of the arc valves, and the set length is equal to the number of the arc valves at the circumference of the lower ring;
welding the arc valve pieces together in a pairwise welding resistance mode to form a lower ring blank;
finish milling the inner and outer walls of the lower ring blank to form the lower ring;
splitting the lower ring into multiple-flap single-flap rings.
Further, the number of the arc lobes is four; welding the plurality of arc petals together in a pairwise resistance welding mode to form a lower ring blank, wherein the welding comprises the following steps of: welding the first arc valve and the second arc valve together to form a first semicircular arc valve, welding the third arc valve and the fourth arc valve together to form a second semicircular arc valve, and welding the first semicircular arc valve and the second arc valve together to form the lower ring blank.
Further, the welding the first arc lobe with the second arc lobe to form a first semicircular arc lobe includes:
placing the first arc valve and the second arc valve on a welding platform, and pre-splicing a bonding surface on one side of the first arc valve and a bonding surface on one side of the second arc valve;
welding one welding block at the position of the inner hole wall of the first arc valve, which is close to the joint surface at one side of the first arc valve, and welding the other welding block at the position of the inner hole wall of the second arc valve, which is close to the joint surface at one side of the first arc valve;
the welding method comprises the steps that a closing bolt is connected in a closing hole of two closing welding blocks, one side joint surface of a first arc valve and one side joint surface of a second arc valve are tightly attached through the cooperation of the closing bolt and the closing welding blocks so as to finish splicing, wherein two sides of the closing hole are respectively expanded to form a long round hole;
and welding a plurality of fixed steel plates at the inner hole splicing position of the one-side joint surface of the first arc valve and the one-side joint surface of the second arc valve, so that the first arc valve and the second arc valve are assembled and welded into the first semicircular arc valve.
Further, welding a plurality of fixed steel plates at the inner hole splicing position of the one-side joint surface of the first arc valve and the one-side joint surface of the second arc valve, so that before the first arc valve and the second arc valve are assembled and welded into the first semicircular arc valve, assembling and welding the first arc valve and the second arc valve together to form the first semicircular arc valve further comprises:
the upper side and the lower side of the fixed steel plate are welded first, and then the other two sides of the fixed steel plate are welded simultaneously.
Further, welding a plurality of fixed steel plates at the inner hole splicing position of the one-side joint surface of the first arc valve and the one-side joint surface of the second arc valve, so that before the first arc valve and the second arc valve are assembled and welded into the first semicircular arc valve, assembling and welding the first arc valve and the second arc valve together to form the first semicircular arc valve further comprises:
and the other side joint surface of the first arc valve and the other side joint surface of the second arc valve are respectively propped up by a plurality of top cylinders so as to reduce welding deformation.
Further, after the welding the one-side joint surface of the first arc lobe and the one-side joint surface of the second arc lobe together to form the first semicircular arc lobe, the welding the first arc lobe and the second arc lobe together to form the first semicircular arc lobe further includes: and finely milling the joint surfaces at the two sides of the first semicircular arc valve again so that the joint surfaces at the two sides of the first semicircular arc valve are on the same surface.
Further, the finish milling the inner and outer walls of the lower ring blank to form the lower ring comprises:
finish milling is carried out on the outer circular wall of the lower ring blank;
welding and fixing a steel plate at the outer circle splicing position of the joint surface of the adjacent arc valve;
and removing fixed steel plates at inner hole splicing positions of the joint surfaces of the adjacent arc flaps, closing the blocks, and finely milling inner hole walls of the lower ring blank.
Further, the finish milling the inner hole wall and the outer circular wall of the lower ring blank before the finish milling the outer circular wall of the lower ring blank further includes: the lower ring blank clamp is fixedly arranged on the vertical lathe through a plurality of clamping jaws, wherein the center position of the arc length of each arc valve corresponds to one clamping jaw.
Further, the finish milling the two side bonding surfaces of each arc segment until the length of the arc segment in the arc length direction reaches a set length, and enabling the included angle of the two side bonding surfaces of each finish-milled arc segment to reach a set angle, including: and finely milling the joint surfaces at the two sides of the arc valve through an angle milling head of the planer type milling machine.
Further, before the splitting the lower ring into the multi-valve single-valve ring, the method further comprises: and welding an anti-deformation lacing wire mechanism at the inner hole wall of each single-valve ring, wherein the anti-deformation lacing wire mechanism is suitable for being lengthened or shortened to a set length so as to adjust the deformation of the single-valve ring.
Compared with the prior art, the split type lower ring processing method provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
the horizontal datum line and the single-lobe combined surface line can be firstly marked on a scribing platform as the reference lines for subsequent leveling and alignment and processing, then the upper end face and the lower end face of the arc-shaped lobe can be roughly processed on a numerical control boring machine to remove black skin until the upper end face and the lower end face of the arc-shaped lobe are flat, namely the upper end face and the lower end face just reach flatness and remain the maximum processing allowance, the two-side combined surfaces of the arc-shaped lobe can be roughly processed on the numerical control boring machine to remove black skin until the two-side combined surfaces of the arc-shaped lobe just reach flatness and remain the maximum processing allowance, then the two-side combined surfaces are finely milled by a planer milling machine, for example, until the length of the two-side combined surfaces of the arc-shaped lobe in the arc length direction reaches a set length, the included angle of the two-side combined surfaces of the arc-shaped lobe reaches a set angle, so that each arc-shaped lobe after finish milling reaches an equal division requirement, the two-shaped combined surfaces of the two-shaped lobe can be finely processed again by a two-group welding mode to ensure that the two-side combined surfaces of the arc-shaped lobe are flat, the two-shaped combined surfaces can be finely processed again to ensure that the equal division requirement is met, the size of the lower ring after the assembly welding is further ensured, the two-side combined surfaces of the two-side combined surfaces are just reach flatness, and then the two-side ring can be conveniently split into a plurality of ring blanks through a single ring through the cylindrical ring, and finally, and an outer ring is formed by the cylindrical ring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a single annulus of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a layout of an anti-deformation tie mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a split type lower ring processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-single valve ring, 2-deformation-preventing lacing wire mechanism.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Moreover, in the drawings, the Z axis represents vertical, i.e., up and down, and the positive direction of the Z axis (i.e., the arrow of the Z axis points) represents up, and the negative direction of the Z axis (i.e., the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Z axis) represents down; it should also be noted that the foregoing Z-axis is provided merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description and is not to be construed as indicating or implying that the apparatus or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "first," "second," etc. can include at least one such feature, either explicitly or implicitly.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the present embodiment provides a split type lower ring processing method, including:
respectively casting multi-petal arc petals which are suitable for assembly welding as a lower ring;
drawing a horizontal datum line on the scribing platform for the outer wall of the lower straight circle of each arc valve, and drawing single-valve combination facial lines on the inner side and the outer side of the combination surface of each arc valve respectively, wherein the horizontal datum line is perpendicular to the single-valve combination facial lines;
performing rough milling on the upper end face of each arc valve on a numerical control boring machine until the upper end face is flat, performing rough milling on the lower end face of each arc valve until the lower end face is flat, and performing rough milling on the joint face of each arc valve until the joint face is flat;
finish milling the joint surfaces at the two sides of each arc valve on a gantry milling machine until the length of the arc valve in the arc length direction reaches a set length, and enabling the included angle of the joint surfaces at the two sides of each arc valve after finish milling to reach a set angle, wherein the set angle is equal to 360 degrees divided by the number of arc valves, and the set length is equal to the number of arc valves when the circumference of the lower ring is in;
welding the multi-petal arc petals together in a pairwise welding resistance mode to form a lower ring blank;
finely milling the inner hole wall and the outer circle wall of the lower ring blank on the vertical lathe to form a lower ring;
the lower ring is split into multiple single-valve rings 1.
It should be noted that, fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a single-valve ring 1, the single-valve ring 1 is an arc valve after being processed, the arc valve is a cast product, compared with the single-valve ring 1, the relevant size and precision of the arc valve cannot meet the drawing requirements, the outer wall of the arc valve, namely, the outer wall of the arc valve, can be divided into three sections of outer walls from bottom to top, namely, the first section of outer wall at the bottom is a vertical wall, namely, the diameters of the first section of outer wall are the same at different heights, the "lower straight outer wall" refers to the first section of outer wall, the third section of outer wall at the top is a vertical wall, namely, the diameters of the third section of outer wall at the different heights are the same, the bottom end of the second section of outer wall at the middle is connected with the top end of the first section of outer wall, and the diameter of the second section of outer wall is gradually increased from bottom to top. The aforementioned "joint surface of the arc valve" refers to two end surfaces of the arc valve in the arc length direction thereof, that is, two side joint surfaces of the arc valve.
Firstly, drawing a horizontal datum line and a single-petal bonding surface line on a scribing platform as reference lines for subsequent leveling, aligning and processing, then firstly, rough machining the upper end face and the lower end face of the arc-shaped petal on a numerical control boring machine to remove black skin until the upper end face and the lower end face of the arc-shaped petal are flat, namely, the upper end face and the lower end face just reach flatness and keep the maximum processing allowance, rough machining the bonding surfaces on two sides of the arc-shaped petal on the numerical control boring machine to remove black skin until the bonding surfaces on two sides of the arc-shaped petal are flat, namely, the bonding surfaces on two sides just reach flatness and keep the maximum processing allowance, then, finish milling the bonding surfaces on two sides by a planer milling machine until the lengths of the bonding surfaces on two sides of the arc-shaped petal in the arc length direction reach the set length, the included angle of the two side joint surfaces of the arc valve reaches a set angle, wherein the set angle is equal to 360 degrees divided by the number of the arc valve, the set length is equal to the circumference of the lower ring and is in the number of the arc valve, so that each arc valve after finish milling reaches an equal division requirement, the two joint surfaces of the two arc valve bodies which are welded together in a two-to-two welding mode can be finish machined again to ensure that the equal division requirement is met, further the dimensional accuracy of the lower ring after assembly welding is further ensured, after a plurality of arc valve bodies are assembled and welded into a lower ring blank with a whole circle, the outer circle and the inner hole of the lower ring are finish milled through a vertical lathe to form the lower ring, and finally the lower ring is split into a plurality of single-valve rings 1 for convenient transportation.
It can be understood that when scribing is performed on the scribing platform, scribing can be performed through a level laser instrument, and the laser linewidth is usually 3mm due to the laser level instrument used for scribing at present, and the error existing in the scribing platform and the scribing itself is added, so that the error after the whole scribing of the product is between 3 and 4 mm. Because the product is of a multi-flap equally-divided structure and the ratio of the thickness of the joint surface to the radius of the product is extremely small (because the product is of a large-diameter thin-wall structure), the small error of scribing at the joint surface of a single flap can cause larger error of the radius of the product, and therefore the equally-divided requirement of the product can not be guaranteed through scribing precision.
It will be understood that "flat" refers to an uneven surface that is progressively relieved by rough or finish milling until the uneven surface becomes flat.
It can be understood that when the numerical control boring machine is used for rough milling, the arc valve can be firstly laid down and then the upper end face and the lower end face are processed due to the processing characteristic of the numerical control boring machine, and the joint faces on the two sides are processed when the numerical control boring machine is erected.
Optionally, the number of arc lobes is four; the multi-petal arc petals are assembled and welded together in a pairwise welding resistance mode to form a lower ring blank, comprising the following steps: welding the first arc valve and the second arc valve together to form a first semicircular arc valve, welding the third arc valve and the fourth arc valve together to form a second semicircular arc valve, and welding the first semicircular arc valve and the second arc valve together to form a lower ring blank.
Here, in order to facilitate understanding, the number of the plurality of arc lobes is set to four, and it may be understood that "finish milling the two side bonding surfaces of each arc lobe on the planer milling machine until the length of the arc lobe in the arc length direction reaches a set length, and making the included angle of the two side bonding surfaces of each finish-milled arc lobe reach a set angle, where the set angle is equal to 360 ° divided by the number of arc lobes, and the set angle is equal to the set angle in the number of arc lobes of the circumference of the lower ring, for example, after the first arc lobe is rough-milled, the finish-milling the bonding surfaces by the planer milling machine is performed for a time to remove the machining allowance of the bonding surfaces, the included angle of the two side bonding surfaces of the first arc lobe is ensured to be 90 °, and at the same time the first arc lobe is ensured to reach the set length in the arc length direction, that is, the equal to the length is.
Optionally, welding the first arc lobe with the second arc lobe to form a first semicircular arc lobe comprises:
placing the first arc valve and the second arc valve on a welding platform, and pre-splicing a bonding surface on one side of the first arc valve and a bonding surface on one side of the second arc valve;
welding one welding block at the position of the inner hole wall of the first arc valve, which is close to the joint surface at one side of the first arc valve, and welding the other welding block at the position of the inner hole wall of the second arc valve, which is close to the joint surface at one side of the first arc valve;
the method comprises the steps of connecting a closing bolt in a closing hole of two closing welding blocks, and tightly attaching a bonding surface on one side of a first arc valve and a bonding surface on one side of a second arc valve through the cooperation of the closing bolt and the closing welding blocks to finish splicing, wherein two sides of the closing hole are respectively expanded to form a slotted hole;
and welding a plurality of fixed steel plates at the inner hole splicing position of the one-side joint surface of the first arc valve and the one-side joint surface of the second arc valve, so that the first arc valve and the second arc valve are assembled and welded into a first semicircular arc valve.
Here, it can be understood that the welding platform has a leveling effect, the first arc valve and the second arc valve are spliced and aligned as much as possible after being placed on the welding platform, namely, are pre-spliced, and then are leveled according to the processed horizontal reference surfaces (the upper end surface or the lower end surface or the horizontal reference line) of the two valves by using the laser level meter. After leveling, the front and rear positions of the two flaps are adjusted by using a top bar, and when the front and rear positions are adjusted, on one hand, the marked outline datum line is considered, and meanwhile, the shapes are also considered to be butted as uniform as possible, so that the dislocation amount is reduced, and the rough machining efficiency of the product is improved; after adjustment, welding the welding block according to the process requirement, penetrating the welding bolt when welding the welding block, and ensuring that enough adjustment space is reserved between the welding bolt and the welding hole of the welding block; after welding the welding blocks, tightening the joint surfaces of the two arc petals by using a tightening bolt, and re-trimming the front and rear positions of the two arc petals by using a top cylinder according to the practical situation of tightening; after the welding, checking whether the diameter size of the welding can meet the process allowance requirement, and welding and fixing the steel plate after the measurement is error-free.
It can be understood that three fixed steel plates can be welded at the upper part, the middle part and the bottom of the joint of the two arc flaps respectively, so that the assembly welding of the two arc flaps is firmer.
Optionally, welding a plurality of fixed steel plates at the inner hole splice of the one-side joint surface of the first arc valve and the one-side joint surface of the second arc valve, so that before the first arc valve and the second arc valve are assembled and welded into the first semicircular arc valve, assembling and welding the first arc valve and the second arc valve together to form the first semicircular arc valve further includes:
firstly welding and fixing the upper side and the lower side of a steel plate, and then welding and fixing the other two sides of the steel plate at the same time;
welding a plurality of fixed steel plates at the inner hole splice of one side joint surface of the first arc valve and one side joint surface of the second arc valve, so that before the first arc valve and the second arc valve are assembled and welded into the first semicircular arc valve, assembling and welding the first arc valve and the second arc valve together to form the first semicircular arc valve further comprises:
the other side joint surface of the first arc valve and the other side joint surface of the second arc valve are respectively propped up by the plurality of top cylinders so as to reduce welding deformation.
Here, in order to reduce the welding deformation, the inner sides of the combined other two sides (the other side combining surface of the first arc valve and the other side combining surface of the second arc valve) are fixed by a top cylinder in a top fastening way; when welding, the welding speed should be controlled, stress relief treatment is carried out in time, in addition, when welding, the upper side and the lower side of the steel plate should be welded and fixed firstly, and when welding and fixing the two sides of the steel plate, the two sides should be welded simultaneously, so that the welding quantity of the two sides is ensured to be consistent as much as possible.
It should be noted that, the fixed steel plate is a rectangular plate having four sides, namely, the upper side and the lower side of the fixed steel plate are welded together firstly, that is, the upper side and the lower side of the fixed steel plate are welded together with the two arc lobes after being spliced, and the other two sides of the fixed steel plate are welded together simultaneously, that is, the other two sides of the fixed steel plate are welded together with the corresponding arc lobes simultaneously.
Optionally, after welding the one-side joint surface of the first arc lobe and the one-side joint surface of the second arc lobe together to form the first semicircular arc lobe, welding the first arc lobe and the second arc lobe together to form the first semicircular arc lobe further includes: and finely milling the joint surfaces at the two sides of the first semicircular arc valve again so that the joint surfaces at the two sides of the first semicircular arc valve are on the same surface.
And after the two-flap assembly welding, the scribing platform is required to be re-arranged for inspection. And after the two-flap assembly welding, the scribing platform is re-arranged for scribing inspection, the allowance of each part is re-inspected, two joint surface machining reference lines are drawn, and the numerical control gantry milling joint surface is re-arranged. The butt welding process of two large petals (one large petal is formed by a first arc petal and a second arc petal, and the other large petal is formed by a third arc petal and a fourth arc petal) is basically consistent with the welding process of two small arc petals, and the whole size of a product is measured firstly after the welding process is completed, and then a steel plate is welded and fixed.
Optionally, finish milling the inner and outer walls of the lower ring blank on a vertical lathe to form the lower ring, comprising:
finish milling is carried out on the outer circular wall of the lower ring blank;
welding and fixing a steel plate at the outer circle splicing position of the joint surface of the adjacent arc segments;
removing fixed steel plates at inner hole splicing positions of the joint surfaces of adjacent arc segments, combining blocks, and finely milling the inner hole wall of the lower ring blank.
Here, because the fixed steel plate welded at the inner hole wall is firstly used for finish milling the outer circle of the lower ring when the upper vertical lathe is used for finish milling, after finish milling of the outer circle of the lower ring blank, the fixed steel plate is welded at the outer circle wall of the spliced position, and then the fixed steel plate at the inner hole wall is removed and the welding block is combined, so that the inner hole of the lower ring blank can be finish milled to form the lower ring.
Optionally, before finish milling the outer circular wall of the lower ring blank, the method includes: the lower ring blank clamp is fixed on the vertical lathe through a plurality of clamping jaws, wherein the center position of the arc length of each arc valve corresponds to one clamping jaw.
According to the analysis of the marking data during machining of the lower ring blank, the middle position of each arc valve is clamped during finish machining and clamping, the positions of the two connecting surfaces are positioned between the two clamping jaws, and at least six points of leveling supporting blocks are at least padded at the bottom end of the lower ring blank and are uniformly distributed after alignment on the vertical lathe. The clamping force is not overlarge during clamping, the clamping force of each clamping jaw is kept as consistent as possible, and the clamping force can be ensured to be consistent in a pressure meter mode during clamping. During machining, the clamping force is ensured not to move in the machining process of the lower ring blank, and the product is ensured to be in a free state as far as possible during finish machining.
Optionally, finish milling the two side joint surfaces of each arc valve on a planer milling machine until the length of the arc valve in the arc length direction reaches a set length, and enabling the included angle of the two side joint surfaces of each finish-milled arc valve to reach a set angle, including: and (5) finely milling the joint surfaces at the two sides of the arc valve through the angle milling head.
Here, when the two sides joint surface of the arc valve is finely milled through the angle milling head, compared with the right angle milling head, the alignment of the arc valve is more convenient when the angle milling head is used for processing. It can be understood that when the right-angle milling head is used for finish milling the joint surface, firstly, the arc valve is leveled according to the horizontal datum line, after the leveling, the arc valve is inclined to enable the visible plane of rough milling of the joint surface at one side to be perpendicular to the right-angle milling head, then, whether the single-side allowance of each part is uniform or not is calculated by obtaining the circle center of the arc valve, if the single-side allowance of each part is not uniform, the alignment is needed again, and then finish milling is carried out on the joint surfaces at two sides after the single-side allowance of each part is uniform; when the angle milling head is used for finish milling the joint surface, after the arc valve is leveled, the angle of the angle milling head can be adjusted to be vertical to the joint surface on one side, so that the alignment is completed, and the alignment is simpler.
Referring to fig. 2, optionally, before splitting the lower ring into the multi-valve single-valve ring 1, further comprises: an anti-deformation lacing wire mechanism 2 is welded at the inner hole wall of each single valve ring 1, wherein the anti-deformation lacing wire mechanism 2 is suitable for being lengthened or shortened to a set length so as to adjust the deformation quantity of the single valve ring 1.
Here, because the lower ring self structure is a thin-wall part and is a multi-petal assembly welding structure, the product needs to have a certain deformation before and after the disassembly, and in order to reduce the deformation after the disassembly of the product and ensure that the product can be finely adjusted after the deformation, the deformation-preventing lacing wire mechanism 2 is arranged.
Although the present disclosure is disclosed above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the disclosure.
Claims (6)
1. The split lower ring processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
respectively casting multiple arc-shaped petals which are suitable for being assembled and welded into a lower ring;
drawing a horizontal datum line on the outer wall of the lower straight circle of each arc valve, and drawing single-valve combination facial lines on the inner side and the outer side of the combination surface of each arc valve, wherein the horizontal datum line is perpendicular to the single-valve combination facial lines;
performing rough milling on the upper end face of each arc valve until the upper end face is flat, performing rough milling on the lower end face of each arc valve until the lower end face is flat, and performing rough milling on the joint face of each arc valve until the joint face is flat;
finely milling the joint surfaces at two sides of each arc valve until the length of the arc valve in the arc length direction reaches a set length, and enabling the included angle of the joint surfaces at two sides of each finely milled arc valve to reach a set angle, wherein the set angle is equal to 360 degrees divided by the number of the arc valves, and the set length is equal to the number of the arc valves at the circumference of the lower ring;
welding the arc valve pieces together in a pairwise welding resistance mode to form a lower ring blank;
finish milling the inner and outer walls of the lower ring blank to form the lower ring;
splitting the lower ring into multiple-flap single-flap rings;
the number of the arc lobes is four; the welding the arc valve pieces together by means of two-by-two resistance welding to form the lower ring blank comprises the following steps: welding a first arc lobe and a second arc lobe together to form a first semicircular arc lobe, welding a third arc lobe and a fourth arc lobe together to form a second semicircular arc lobe, and welding the first semicircular arc lobe and the second arc lobe together to form the lower ring blank;
the welding the first arc lobes together with the second arc lobes to form a first semicircular arc lobe includes: placing the first arc valve and the second arc valve on a welding platform, and pre-splicing a bonding surface on one side of the first arc valve and a bonding surface on one side of the second arc valve; welding one welding block at the position of the inner hole wall of the first arc valve, which is close to the joint surface at one side of the first arc valve, and welding the other welding block at the position of the inner hole wall of the second arc valve, which is close to the joint surface at one side of the first arc valve; the welding method comprises the steps that a closing bolt is connected in a closing hole of two closing welding blocks, one side joint surface of a first arc valve and one side joint surface of a second arc valve are tightly attached through the cooperation of the closing bolt and the closing welding blocks so as to finish splicing, wherein two sides of the closing hole are respectively expanded to form a long round hole; welding a plurality of fixed steel plates at the inner hole splicing position of the one-side joint surface of the first arc valve and the one-side joint surface of the second arc valve, so that the first arc valve and the second arc valve are assembled and welded into the first semicircular arc valve;
welding a plurality of fixed steel plates at the inner hole splice of one side joint surface of the first arc valve and one side joint surface of the second arc valve, so that before the first arc valve and the second arc valve are assembled and welded into the first semicircular arc valve, assembling and welding the first arc valve and the second arc valve together to form the first semicircular arc valve further comprises: firstly welding the upper side and the lower side of the fixed steel plate, and then simultaneously welding the other two sides of the fixed steel plate;
welding a plurality of fixed steel plates at the inner hole splice of one side joint surface of the first arc valve and one side joint surface of the second arc valve, so that before the first arc valve and the second arc valve are assembled and welded into the first semicircular arc valve, assembling and welding the first arc valve and the second arc valve together to form the first semicircular arc valve further comprises: and the other side joint surface of the first arc valve and the other side joint surface of the second arc valve are respectively propped up by a plurality of top cylinders so as to reduce welding deformation.
2. The split lower ring machining method of claim 1, wherein after welding the one-side joint surface of the first arc lobe and the one-side joint surface of the second arc lobe together to form the first semicircular arc lobe, the welding the first arc lobe and the second arc lobe together to form the first semicircular arc lobe further comprises:
and finely milling the joint surfaces at the two sides of the first semicircular arc valve again so that the joint surfaces at the two sides of the first semicircular arc valve are on the same surface.
3. The split lower ring machining method of claim 1, wherein the finish milling the inner and outer walls of the lower ring blank to form the lower ring comprises:
finish milling is carried out on the outer circular wall of the lower ring blank;
welding and fixing a steel plate at the outer circle splicing position of the joint surface of the adjacent arc valve;
and removing the fixed steel plate at the inner hole splicing position of the joint surface of the adjacent arc valve, closing the block, and finely milling the inner hole wall of the lower ring blank.
4. The split lower ring machining method of claim 3, wherein the finish milling the inner and outer walls of the lower ring blank prior to finish milling the outer circular wall of the lower ring blank further comprises:
the lower ring blank clamp is fixedly arranged on the vertical lathe through a plurality of clamping jaws, wherein the center position of the arc length of each arc valve corresponds to one clamping jaw.
5. The split lower ring machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein finish milling the both side joint surfaces of each of the arc segments until the length of the arc segments in the arc length direction reaches a set length, and bringing the included angle of the both side joint surfaces of each of the finish-milled arc segments to a set angle comprises:
and finely milling the joint surfaces at the two sides of the arc valve through an angle milling head of the planer type milling machine.
6. The split lower ring machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by further comprising, before the splitting of the lower ring into multi-lobed single-lobed rings:
and welding an anti-deformation lacing wire mechanism at the inner hole wall of each single-valve ring, wherein the anti-deformation lacing wire mechanism is suitable for being lengthened or shortened to a set length so as to adjust the deformation of the single-valve ring.
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| CN114986072B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-09-22 | 一重集团(黑龙江)重工有限公司 | Metal thin-wall cylinder assembly welding tool and method |
| CN115157007B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-05-05 | 一重集团(黑龙江)重工有限公司 | Machining allowance analysis method for large cylindrical forging |
| CN115283948A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-04 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | Control method for preventing combined machining deformation of annular split castings |
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