CN112935517A - Tool clamp and clamping method of split type stirring head for friction stir welding - Google Patents
Tool clamp and clamping method of split type stirring head for friction stir welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN112935517A CN112935517A CN202110104289.1A CN202110104289A CN112935517A CN 112935517 A CN112935517 A CN 112935517A CN 202110104289 A CN202110104289 A CN 202110104289A CN 112935517 A CN112935517 A CN 112935517A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tool clamp and a clamping method of a split type stirring head for friction stir welding. The tool clamp is of a cylinder structure, the center position of the cylinder structure is a center through hole, the bottom of the center through hole is provided with a hub hole, the diameters of the upper portion and the lower portion of the cylinder structure are different, the cross section of the upper portion is of a D-shaped structure, and the cross section of the hub hole is a non-circular cross section. The clamping and fastening of the shorter stirring head are realized through the tool clamp. The problem of integral stirring head axial length longer and lead to processing difficulty and need change whole long stirring head when the pin tool damages is solved. The clamping method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out linear cutting on the stirring head, then filling a gasket into the hub hole, putting the stirring head subjected to linear cutting into a tool clamp matched with the profile surface of the stirring head, fixing, and then clamping and matching the tool clamp and a welding machine tool to finish clamping. The clamping device does not need key connection, is simple in clamping operation and high in efficiency, and saves materials and time cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding, and particularly relates to a tool clamp and a clamping method of a split type stirring head for friction stir welding.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Friction stir welding, as a new solid-state joining technique, generates heat through friction between a stirring head and a workpiece to soften the workpiece, so that plastic flow and dynamic recrystallization are generated, and welding of the workpiece is completed. The welding mode belongs to solid state welding, has no welding wire and welding flux, has low welding temperature and high production efficiency, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, rail transit and the like. Due to the special connection mechanism of friction stir welding, the stirring head becomes the core of the welding technology and directly bears the heat load, the force load and the friction and abrasion in the welding process, so the material and the structure of the stirring head determine the welding quality and the welding cost.
In the prior art, the top of the stirring head is directly clamped and matched with a machine tool, a shaft shoulder and a stirring needle at the lower part of the stirring head participate in actual welding, and a transition part is arranged in the middle of the stirring head, so that the stirring head is long in size in the axial direction, complex in structure, difficult to machine and high in manufacturing cost. When the shaft shoulder or the stirring pin is damaged, the whole stirring head needs to be replaced, unnecessary waste is caused, welding cost is increased, and the whole stirring head needs to be reset and adjusted in tool setting again during disassembly, so that the working efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tool clamp and a clamping method of a split type stirring head for friction stir welding. The clamping and fastening of a short stirring head can be realized, the structure and the processing technology of the stirring head are simplified, the stirring head can be conveniently and quickly detached, the working efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the tool clamp for the split stirring head for friction stir welding is of a cylinder structure, the center position of the cylinder structure is a center through hole, the bottom of the center through hole is provided with a hub hole, the diameters of the upper part and the lower part of the cylinder structure are different, the cross section of the upper part is of a D-shaped structure, and the cross section of the hub hole is a non-circular cross section.
The clamping and fastening of the shorter stirring head are realized through the tool clamp. The problem of the processing difficulty that the axial length of stirring head is longer leads to, when shaft shoulder or pin damage, need change whole stirring head is solved.
Through frock clamp, realize the better cooperation nature with the lathe.
In a second aspect, a method for clamping a stirring head comprises the following specific steps: cutting the stirring head into a non-circular section shaft with two parallel planes by utilizing linear cutting;
and (3) filling a gasket in the hub hole of the tool clamp, putting the stirring head subjected to linear cutting into the tool clamp matched with the profile surface of the stirring head, fixing, and then clamping and matching the tool clamp and a welding machine tool to finish clamping.
The clamping method breaks through the problem that the existing integral stirring head is long in length and easy to damage, changes the stirring head into a short stirring head through linear cutting, and is simpler in structure, more convenient to disassemble and longer in service time.
One or more technical schemes of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the tool clamp designed by the invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, simple processing and convenient manufacture, and can reduce the production cost of the clamp. The connecting mode of the tool clamp and the stirring head belongs to forming connection, the non-circular cross-section shaft of the stirring head is matched with the hub hole with the corresponding shape of the end face of the clamp to form forming connection, the centering is good, the positioning is reliable, and the connecting end is in circular-angle transition, so that large torque can be transmitted, and stress concentration caused by a key slot or a sharp corner can be eliminated. The tool clamp is characterized in that a through hole is formed in the center shaft of the tool clamp, the ejector rod penetrates through the through hole to directly eject the stirring head, the operation is simple, compared with the traditional integral stirring head, the tool clamp is more convenient to disassemble the stirring head, the time cost is further saved, a gasket is placed in the hub hole, the welded stirring head is prevented from being adhered to the clamp, and meanwhile, the length of the stirring head extending out of the clamp can be adjusted. The tool clamp disclosed by the invention realizes clamping of a shorter stirring head by utilizing the positioning of the hub hole and the clamping of the side fastening screw, so that the processing procedures of the stirring head are reduced to a great extent, the clamp can be repeatedly used for a long time, the manufacturing cost of the stirring head is reduced, and the utilization rate of materials is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a tooling fixture;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the structure of the stirring head after wire cutting;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the paddle after wire cutting;
FIG. 4 is an assembled overall structure view of the tooling fixture and the stirring head;
the stirring device comprises a base, a central through hole, a hub hole, a step, a fixing through hole, a non-circular section shaft, a stirring pin, a transition fillet, a fixing screw and a D-shaped section, wherein the base comprises 1, the central through hole, 2, the hub hole, 3, the step, 4, the fixing through hole, 5, the non-circular section shaft, 6, the stirring pin, 7, the transition fillet, 8.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In a first aspect, the tool clamp for the split stirring head for friction stir welding is of a cylinder structure, the center position of the cylinder structure is a center through hole, the bottom of the center through hole is provided with a hub hole, the diameters of the upper part and the lower part of the cylinder structure are different, the cross section of the upper part is of a D-shaped structure, and the cross section of the hub hole is a non-circular cross section.
In some embodiments of the invention, the upper portion of the columnar structure has a smaller diameter than the lower portion.
In some embodiments of the invention, a step is provided at the junction of the upper and lower portions of the columnar structure, the step having a circular cross-section.
In some embodiments of the invention, the hub hole has an axisymmetric quadrilateral shape in cross section, and the edge line of one symmetrical end is a circular chord, and the other symmetrical end is an arc shape.
In some embodiments of the invention, the roughness Ra of the clamping plane of the tool holder is <1.6 μm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the central through hole has a diameter of 4mm to 8 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the bottom of the cylindrical structure is provided with a fixing through hole perpendicular to the axial direction, and the fixing through hole is perpendicular to the non-circular section of the hub hole.
Optionally, the diameter of the fixing through hole is M3-M6.
In a second aspect, a method for clamping a stirring head comprises the following specific steps: cutting the stirring head into a non-circular section shaft with two parallel planes by utilizing linear cutting;
and (3) filling a gasket in the hub hole of the tool clamp, putting the stirring head subjected to linear cutting into the tool clamp matched with the profile surface of the stirring head, fixing, and then clamping and matching the tool clamp and a welding machine tool to finish clamping.
In the prior art, the plane is directly arranged on the top of the stirring head to be in clamping fit with a machine tool, so that the axial size of the integral stirring head is longer, the tool clamp disclosed by the invention realizes the use of a shorter stirring head, and the problem of material waste caused by the use of a longer stirring head is avoided.
In the prior art, the D-shaped surface is directly arranged at the top of the integral stirring head to be clamped and matched with a machine tool, so that the integral structure size of the stirring head is larger, and the split stirring head provided by the invention is used for clamping and connecting the shorter stirring head to the machine tool by using a tool clamp, so that the shorter stirring head material is only needed to be used at the part participating in stirring, and the problems that the integral long stirring head consumes materials and is difficult to process are solved. The hub hole is connected with the shaft with the non-circular section of the stirring head in a forming way, so that the process of forming a key slot is omitted, and the damage of a shaft shoulder or a stirring pin caused by forming the key slot is avoided.
In some embodiments of the invention, the non-circular cross-sectional axis of the tool head is shaped to match the shape of the hub bore of the tool holder.
In some embodiments of the invention, the stirring head comprises a circular cylinder and a stirring pin, and one end of the circular cylinder is the stirring pin.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the circular column of the stirring head is cut by a wire to obtain parallel sections at two symmetrical ends of the circular section, so that the end of the circular column structure far away from the stirring head forms a non-circular section.
In some embodiments of the invention, the base of the parallel cut surface is formed with an over-radius between the circular cylinder. Optionally, the radius of the transition fillet is 1-3 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, after the mixing head is assembled with the tool holder, a fastening screw is inserted into the fixing through hole for fixing.
In some embodiments of the invention, the tool holder is coupled to the welding machine via a D-section portion.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mixing head is ejected by the ejector pin through the central through hole during disassembly.
The structure of the tool clamp of the split type stirring head for friction stir welding is explained by using fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, and the clamping method is explained at the same time.
As the structure diagram of the tool clamp shown in figure 1, the main body of the tool clamp is of a cylinder structure, a central through hole is formed in the center of the cylinder structure and can be used for a mandril to pass through, and the stirring head is convenient to disassemble.
The bottom of the central through hole is provided with a hub hole, the hub hole is in a structure matched with the stirring head, the cross section of the hub hole is a non-circular cross section with two parallel tangent planes, and the hub hole is matched with the non-circular cross section of the stirring head through a shaft to form connection.
The cross section on the upper portion of cylinder structure is D type structure, and D type structure is favorable to carrying out circumference location. The contact between the machine tool and the machine tool is better, and the machine tool is convenient to transmit torque.
The diameter of the upper part of the column structure is smaller than that of the lower part. The lower part of the column structure is a part assembled with the stirring head, so the structure of the column structure is different from that of the upper part.
The connection part of the upper part and the lower part of the column structure is provided with a step, and the cross section of the step is circular.
The cross section of the hub hole is in an axisymmetric quadrilateral shape, the edge line of one symmetrical two ends is a circular chord, and the other symmetrical two ends are in an arc shape. The hub hole is non-circular in cross section and is a cut circular in cross section. Is more favorable for being matched and connected with the stirring head.
The roughness Ra of the clamping plane of the tool clamp is less than 1.6 mu m. The roughness of the D-shaped section is more favorable for fixing with a machine tool.
The diameter of the central through hole is 4mm-8 mm. The diameter of the central through hole is convenient for the ejector rod to extend into, and is beneficial to disassembling the stirring head.
The bottom of the column structure is provided with a fixing through hole perpendicular to the axial direction, the fixing through hole is perpendicular to the non-circular tangent plane of the hub hole, the fixing through hole is perpendicular to the hub hole, the non-circular tangent plane is a parallel tangent plane, the edge of the cross section is a circular chord, the fixing through hole is perpendicular to the parallel tangent plane, and when the fixing through hole is fixed through a fixing screw, the fixing screw and the parallel tangent plane are better in clamping and fixing capacity, so that the combination is more stable, and the circumferential positioning is facilitated.
The diameter of the fixing through hole is M3-M6. The diameter of the fixing through hole is changed according to the diameter of the fixing screw, and the fixing screw can be an outer hexagon screw and is a high-strength screw with the strength of 9.8 degrees.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the tooling fixture is a cylinder structure, the center position of the cylinder structure is a center through hole 1, the bottom of the center through hole 1 is provided with a hub hole 2, the diameters of the upper part and the lower part of the cylinder structure are different, the cross section of the upper part is a D-shaped cross section 9, and the cross section of the hub hole 2 is a non-circular cross section. The connection of the upper part and the lower part of the column structure is provided with a step 3, and the cross section of the step is circular. The section of the hub hole 2 is in an axisymmetric quadrilateral shape, the edge line of one symmetrical two ends is a circular chord, and the other symmetrical two ends are in an arc shape. The bottom of the column structure is provided with a fixing through hole vertical to the axial direction, and the fixing through hole 4 is vertical to the non-circular section of the hub hole 2.
The arch height of the D-shaped section of the upper portion of the cylindrical structure of the tool clamp is 19mm, the axial height of the upper portion of the cylindrical structure is 37mm, the diameter of the central through hole is 8mm, the outer diameter of the lower portion of the cylindrical structure is 30mm, the axial height of the step is 3mm, the axial height of the lower portion of the cylindrical structure is 35mm, the axial height of the hub hole is 9mm, and the diameter of the threaded through hole for fixing is M3.
The diameter of the cut edge of the D-shaped section was 19.9. + -. 0.02 mm.
Example 2
The stirring head is a Ti (C, N) based ceramic stirring head. The stirring head comprises a circular column body and a stirring pin 6, wherein one end of the circular column body is the stirring pin 6. The circular cylinder is cut by a wire to obtain a circular section, and then parallel tangent planes are arranged at two symmetrical ends of one end of the circular section along the axial direction to obtain a non-circular section shaft 5. The non-circular section of the stirring head is matched with the section shape of a hub hole of the tool clamp. The bottom of the parallel section and the round column form a transition fillet 7. The transition fillet radius is 1 mm. The height of the circular column body of the stirring head is 13mm, the height of the non-circular section shaft is 8mm, the height of the rest circular column body is 5mm, the height of the stirring pin is 3mm, and the diameter of the stirring pin is 6 mm.
The clamping process comprises the following steps: the circular cylinder of the stirring head is cut at the two symmetrical ends of the circular section by a wire to obtain parallel sections, so that one end of the circular cylinder structure, which is far away from the stirring head, forms a non-circular section; the shape of the wire-cut stirring head is shown in fig. 2 and 3.
Then, a gasket is padded in a hub hole of the tool clamp, the stirring head after linear cutting is placed in the tool clamp matched with the profile surface of the tool clamp, the stirring head is fixed through a fixing screw 8, and then the tool clamp is clamped and matched with a welding machine tool to finish clamping, as shown in fig. 4.
The welded workpiece materials are aluminum alloy plates and Q235 steel plates, and the thickness of each plate is 3 mm. After welding by the clamping method, the stirring head with the axial length smaller than 16mm completes the lap welding work of a plate with the thickness of 3mm, and the welding material contains high-strength steel, so that the working efficiency of the stirring head is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a friction stir welding is with frock clamp of split type stirring head which characterized in that: the novel bicycle hub is of a cylinder structure, the center position of the cylinder structure is a center through hole, the bottom of the center through hole is provided with a hub hole, the diameters of the upper part and the lower part of the cylinder structure are different, the cross section of the upper part is of a D-shaped structure, and the cross section of the hub hole is a non-circular cross section.
2. The tool clamp of the split stirring head for friction stir welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the upper part of the column structure is smaller than that of the lower part;
or, a step is arranged at the joint of the upper part and the lower part of the column structure, and the cross section of the step is circular.
3. The tool clamp of the split stirring head for friction stir welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the hub hole is in an axisymmetric quadrilateral shape, the edge line of one symmetrical two ends is a circular chord, and the other symmetrical two ends are in an arc shape.
4. The tool clamp of the split stirring head for friction stir welding according to claim 3, characterized in that: the roughness Ra of the clamping plane of the tool clamp is less than 1.6 mu m;
or the diameter of the central through hole is 4mm-8 mm.
5. The tool clamp of the split stirring head for friction stir welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the column structure is provided with a fixing through hole vertical to the axial direction, and the fixing through hole is vertical to the non-circular section of the hub hole;
optionally, the diameter of the fixing through hole is M3-M6.
6. The method for clamping the stirring head by using the tool clamp of the split stirring head for friction stir welding according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized in that: cutting the stirring head into a non-circular section shaft with two parallel planes by utilizing linear cutting;
and (3) filling a gasket in the hub hole of the tool clamp, putting the stirring head subjected to linear cutting into the tool clamp matched with the profile surface of the stirring head, fixing, and then clamping and matching the tool clamp and a welding machine tool to finish clamping.
7. The method for clamping the stirring head as recited in claim 6, wherein: the shape of the non-circular section shaft of the stirring head is matched with the shape of a hub hole of the tool clamp.
8. The method for clamping the stirring head as recited in claim 6, wherein: the stirring head comprises a circular column body and a stirring pin, and the stirring pin is arranged at one end of the circular column body;
or the circular cylinder of the stirring head is cut at the two symmetrical ends of the circular section by a wire to obtain parallel sections, so that one end of the circular cylinder structure, which is far away from the stirring head, forms a non-circular section.
9. The method for clamping the stirring head as recited in claim 6, wherein: a transition fillet is formed between the bottom of the parallel section and the round column body; optionally, the radius of the transition fillet is 1-3 mm;
or after the stirring head is assembled with the tool clamp, fastening screws are inserted into the fixing through holes for fixing.
10. The method for clamping the stirring head as recited in claim 6, wherein: the tool clamp is connected with the welding machine tool through the D-shaped section part;
or when the stirring head is disassembled, the ejector rod penetrates through the central through hole to eject the stirring head.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110104289.1A CN112935517A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | Tool clamp and clamping method of split type stirring head for friction stir welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110104289.1A CN112935517A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | Tool clamp and clamping method of split type stirring head for friction stir welding |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112935517A true CN112935517A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110104289.1A Pending CN112935517A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | Tool clamp and clamping method of split type stirring head for friction stir welding |
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| CN (1) | CN112935517A (en) |
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