CN112933722B - Up-moving type solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment and elution method - Google Patents
Up-moving type solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment and elution method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112933722B CN112933722B CN202110275547.2A CN202110275547A CN112933722B CN 112933722 B CN112933722 B CN 112933722B CN 202110275547 A CN202110275547 A CN 202110275547A CN 112933722 B CN112933722 B CN 112933722B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/003—Filters in combination with devices for the removal of liquids
- B01D36/008—Means to filter or treat the separated liquid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
- B01D36/045—Combination of filters with centrifugal separation devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/004—Sludge detoxification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Abstract
The invention provides an upstroke solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment and an elution method, wherein the cyclone elution complete equipment comprises a water circulation unit, a particle size separation unit, an upstroke elution unit and a liquid phase post-treatment unit, soil or sludge to be treated is mixed with water in a stirring tank of the particle size separation unit and is subjected to particle size classification through a filter disc, a slurry mixture subjected to particle size classification is introduced into a tubular vortex washer of the upstroke elution unit, deep desorption is carried out under the action of a vortex field, then the mixture enters a cyclone separation structure for further deep desorption and solid-liquid separation, the solid particles subjected to cyclone separation realize elution and purification of the soil or sludge, and the liquid phase enters the liquid phase post-treatment unit for separating heavy metal ions or oil phase and recycling a water phase therein. The equipment and the method realize the purposes of pollutant particle size grading, solid particle elution separation, high-efficiency oil-water separation and heavy metal ion removal, and have the advantages of stable operation, high elution efficiency, wide adaptability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid particle pollutant elution, and particularly relates to an upward solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment and an elution method.
Background
With the development of industrialization and the advance of urbanization, the influence of site soil such as petroleum, chemical engineering, smelting, mines and the like and river bottom mud pollutants on human health and ecological safety is increasingly intensified. Therefore, the removal of oil and the reduction of heavy metal contaminant concentrations in contaminated site soils and river bottom sludge are becoming the focus of international society. If the pollutants with huge volumes are directly discharged without being treated, not only a large amount of land is occupied, but also the surrounding environments such as soil, water, air and the like are polluted. Especially aiming at the characteristics of concealment, irreversibility, long-term property and the like of site soil pollution, the method is a hotspot and difficult problem of social discussion for a long time.
The dynamic balance of gas, liquid and solid three-phase substances exists in a soil system, and related researches show that: the content of contaminants in the soil is inversely related to the particle size distribution of the soil, i.e. the smaller the particle size of the particles, the higher the degree of contamination. Pollutants are mainly adsorbed by soil with fine particles such as powdery particles, clay particles and humus, and the fine particles are attached to the surfaces of coarse sand particles and broken stone particles. Wherein, the pollution degree of soil particles with large particle size of 2-4 mm is lower, the pollution concentration of soil particles with middle particle size of 0.076-2 mm is higher, and the elution is easier; and the pollution concentration of fine particles with the particle size of less than 0.076mm is quite high, and the elution difficulty is obviously improved.
At present, the polluted site remediation technologies include chemical methods, physical methods, biological methods and the like, and include physical separation, soil turning and dressing, air stripping, solidification and stabilization, thermal resolution, chemical oxidation, chemical reduction, chemical improvement, chemical leaching/elution, solvent leaching, electrokinetic remediation, animal remediation, plant remediation, microbial remediation and the like. The integration of multiple repair technologies is rare, and the traditional repair technology has the problems of high energy consumption, high cost, poor repair effect, secondary environmental pollution and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an upstroke solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment and an elution method, which adopt a cyclone elution technology to treat polluted solid particles and provide the complete equipment and the elution method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an upflow solid particle cyclone elution package comprising a water circulation unit, a particle size separation unit, an upflow elution unit, and a liquid phase post-treatment unit, wherein:
the water circulation unit comprises a water storage tank and a centrifugal pump connected with the water storage tank through a pipeline and used for pumping water in the water storage tank into the particle size separation unit.
The particle size separation unit comprises a stirring tank, the top end of the stirring tank is provided with a material inlet and a water phase inlet which is communicated with the centrifugal pump through a pipeline and is respectively used for feeding soil or sludge to be treated and a water phase; a stirring device is arranged above the inner part of the stirring tank and is used for mixing, stirring and adding water in the stirring tank and soil or sludge to be treated to form a slurry mixture; a filter disc is arranged below the stirring device, and a large-particle discharge port is outwards arranged at the upper end of the joint of the wall surface of the stirring tank and the filter disc and used for discharging large-particle-size solid particles after particle size classification; and a material outlet is formed in the bottom end of the stirring tank, and the material outlet is connected with a slurry pump through a pipeline and is used for introducing a slurry mixture subjected to particle size separation into the ascending elution unit.
The up-running elution unit comprises an elution device, the bottom of the elution device is provided with a slurry mixture inlet, and the slurry mixture inlet is communicated with the slurry pump through a pipeline; one or more layers of vortex washing structures are arranged below the inner part of the elution device, and each vortex washing structure comprises a plurality of tubular vortex washers connected in parallel; a cyclone separation structure is arranged above the vortex washing structure and comprises a flow guide structure and a plurality of cyclone separators which are connected in parallel; and a solid discharge port is arranged on the side wall of the elution device corresponding to the position of the cyclone separation structure, and a liquid discharge port is arranged at the top of the elution device and is respectively used for discharging solid particles and liquid phase after cyclone solid-liquid separation.
The liquid phase post-treatment unit comprises a waste liquid treatment structure and an oil-water separation structure, and the waste liquid treatment structure and the oil-water separation structure are respectively used for treating and recovering heavy metal ion-containing waste liquid and an oil-water mixture which are subjected to cyclone separation and recycling a water phase.
The invention is further arranged that the elution device comprises two layers of eddy current washing structures, namely a first-stage eddy current washing structure and a second-stage eddy current washing structure are arranged in the elution device from bottom to top in sequence.
The tubular vortex scrubber comprises a vortex generation section and a Venturi reinforcement section which are connected from bottom to top, wherein the vortex generation section comprises a supporting rod positioned at the axis and spiral blades arranged around the supporting rod, and the spiral blades comprise a right-handed blade and a left-handed blade which are connected from bottom to top; the venturi strengthening section comprises a contraction section, a throat section and a diffusion section which are sequentially connected from bottom to top.
The invention is further provided that the Venturi reinforced section accounts for 2/3 of the total length of the tubular vortex scrubber; the helical angle alpha of the helical blade is between 30 and 60 degrees.
The invention is further set that the upper end and the lower end of the tubular vortex scrubber are supported and fixed by a support plate, the support plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the elution device, a plurality of first through holes which correspond to the tubular vortex scrubber in position one by one are arranged on the support plate, and the upper end and the lower end of the tubular vortex scrubber are connected with the side wall of the first through hole so as to realize fixation.
The invention is further set that the flow guide structure of the cyclone separation structure comprises a flow guide conical cylinder section, a flow guide cylindrical section and a flow guide dispersion section which are sequentially connected into a whole from bottom to top, wherein the inner diameter of the flow guide conical cylinder section is gradually reduced from bottom to top, the lower edge of the flow guide conical cylinder section is connected with the inner wall of the elution device, and the flow guide dispersion section is of an oblate columnar structure connected with the inner wall of the elution device.
The invention is further provided that the cyclone separator comprises a cyclone inlet positioned on the side wall of the cyclone separator, an overflow port positioned at the top end of the cyclone separator and used for discharging liquid phase, and a bottom flow port positioned at the bottom end of the cyclone separator and used for discharging solid phase; the cyclone separator penetrates through the diversion dispersion section, a cyclone inlet is communicated with the diversion dispersion section, the underflow port is located below the diversion dispersion section, and the overflow port is located above the diversion dispersion section.
The invention is further arranged in that the filter disc is obliquely arranged in the stirring tank, the outer edge of the filter disc is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the stirring tank, and the horizontal included angle between the filter disc and the stirring tank is 30 degrees; the large particle discharge port is positioned at the upper end of the wall surface at the connection part of the filter disc and the lowest point of the stirring tank.
The invention is further arranged in such a way that the filter disc is provided with a plurality of filter holes distributed along the circumference of the filter disc, and the diameter of each filter hole is 20mm.
The invention is further provided that an inclined convex disc which can move up and down and is installed in an inclined manner is arranged in the stirring tank below the filter disc, the inclined angle of the inclined convex disc is the same as that of the filter disc, and the inclined convex disc is driven by a second motor arranged on the outer wall of the stirring tank; the inclined convex disc is of a circular disc-shaped structure with a circular through hole in the center, the circular through hole is used for a channel of slurry mixture after particle size separation, cylindrical convex ribs which correspond to the positions of the filter holes in the filter disc one by one are arranged above the inclined convex disc and are used for controlling the inclined convex disc to move upwards through a second motor when the filter holes are blocked by solid particles, and the cylindrical convex ribs extend into the filter holes, clear blocking objects in the filter holes and discharge the blocking objects through a large particle discharge port.
The invention is further arranged that the side wall of the elution device is provided with an observation hole, which is convenient for observing the safe operation condition of the up-running elution unit.
The invention is further set that the waste liquid treatment structure of the liquid phase post-treatment unit is a waste liquid treatment tank, the side wall of the waste liquid treatment tank is provided with a waste liquid inlet and a first water phase outlet, the bottom of the waste liquid treatment tank is provided with a heavy metal deposition outlet, the waste liquid inlet is communicated with the liquid phase outlet of the elution device, and the first water phase outlet is communicated with the top of the water storage tank; the oil-water separation structure is compact air floatation, an oil-water mixture inlet is formed in the side wall of the compact air floatation, an oil phase outlet is formed in the top of the compact air floatation, a second water phase outlet is formed in the bottom of the compact air floatation, the oil-water mixture inlet is communicated with a liquid phase outlet of the elution device, and the second water phase outlet is communicated with the top of the water storage tank.
The invention also provides a method of eluting solid particles using the elution kit, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Water and soil or sludge to be treated enter the stirring tank and are stirred to form a slurry mixture, and the slurry mixture is subjected to particle size classification through the filter disc;
(2) The mud mixture graded by the filter disc enters the elution device, and solid particles in the mud mixture are deeply eluted by a vortex field of the tubular vortex washer;
(3) The slurry mixture after the eddy current elution enters the cyclone separator through the diversion structure for further deep elution and solid-liquid separation, solid particles after the elution and separation are discharged through a solid discharge port of an elution device, and a liquid phase is discharged through a liquid phase discharge port;
(4) When the liquid phase after elution and separation is heavy metal waste liquid, separating heavy metals and circulating a water phase through the waste liquid treatment structure; and in the case of an oil-water mixture, recovering the oil phase through the oil-water separation structure and circulating the water phase.
The invention is further provided that the volume ratio of the water and the soil or sludge to be treated entering the stirring tank is 5-20 3 /h。
The invention is further configured that a side line outlet is arranged on the side wall between the vortex washing structure and the cyclone separation structure of the elution device, the side line outlet is communicated with the inlet of the slurry pump, and the slurry mixture eluted by the vortex washing structure in the step (2) is pumped out from the side line outlet and introduced into the inlet of the slurry pump, so that the slurry mixture is repeatedly eluted by the vortex washing structure and is repeatedly eluted three times, and then the step (3) is performed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the ascending type solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment and the elution method provided by the invention realize the purposes of pollutant particle size classification, solid particle elution separation, oil-water efficient separation and heavy metal ion removal, and have the advantages of stable operation, high elution efficiency, wide adaptability and the like. In particular, the method of manufacturing a semiconductor device,
(1) According to the invention, the tubular vortex washer and the cyclone separator which are connected in parallel are used for eluting solid particles, and the solid particles are alternately disturbed clockwise and anticlockwise around the axis of the washer under the regulation and control of the vortex generated by the blades by utilizing different rotation directions of the helical blades of the tubular vortex washer, so that the mass transfer can be enhanced and the desorption effect can be enhanced; turbulent flow effect, perturbation effect, interface effect and energy gathering effect caused by hydrodynamic cavitation of the Venturi strengthening section are utilized, so that the boundary layer is thinned, micropore diffusion is improved, the mass transfer area is increased, the mass transfer efficiency and depth of the pollutant desorption process are strengthened on the whole, and efficient elution is realized; the centrifugal force generated by the rotation or revolution of the solid particles in the cyclone separator is utilized to overcome the adsorption force of the pollutants, so that the further deep elution and solid-liquid separation of the solid particles are realized.
(2) The stirring device in the stirring tank can enhance the disturbance strength of the slurry mixture, and the filter holes of the filter disc are utilized to carry out particle size classification on the solid particles; the second motor is started to control the inclined convex disc to lift, and the cylindrical convex ribs are utilized to break and block the blocked filter holes, so that the safe operation of the device is realized.
(3) And the liquid phase after elution and separation passes through the waste liquid treatment tank and the compact air flotation to realize the high-efficiency removal of heavy metal ions in the waste liquid and the high-efficiency separation of oil and water, and the water phase of the elution complete equipment is recycled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ascending cyclone solid particle elution plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a stirring tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a filter tray according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a sloped disk in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of an elution apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cyclone separator according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a tubular vortex scrubber according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the helical blades of the tubular vortex scrubber according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, as numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations can be made by those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the present invention.
The invention mainly aims at the soil polluted by petroleum hydrocarbon and the sludge polluted by heavy metal ions, the soil and the sludge are taken as porous particles, the distribution forms of the petroleum hydrocarbon and the heavy metal ions are different, and the difficulty degree of desorption is also different. Taking soil contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbon as an example, the oil phase in the oil-containing porous particles is divided into free oil, surface oil, capillary oil and pore oil according to the difference of the micro-interface morphology in the oil-containing particle medium. According to the difficulty of desorption, free oil, capillary oil, surface oil and pore oil are sequentially arranged from easy to difficult.
The method comprises the steps of firstly, grading the particle size of soil polluted by petroleum hydrocarbon or sludge polluted by heavy metal ions, and separating and discharging solid particles with large particle size, which have low pollution degree and do not need cyclone elution; the small-particle-size solid particles are deeply desorbed under the action of a vortex field through a tubular vortex washer, and then the solid particles are enabled to generate enough centrifugal force to overcome the adsorption force of oil drops or heavy metal ions on the particles through rotation or revolution motion in the vortex field through a cyclone separator, so that further deep elution and solid-liquid separation of the small-particle-size soil and sludge are realized; the solid particles after cyclone separation realize the oil removal of soil or the reduction of the heavy metal content in sludge, and meet the discharge standard of soil or sludge; the liquid phase after cyclone separation is an oil-water mixture or waste liquid containing heavy metal ions, and oil-water separation of the liquid phase is further carried out to realize recovery of an oil phase and cyclic utilization of a water phase or the heavy metal ions in the waste liquid are removed through a high-efficiency eluting agent, so that removal of the heavy metal ions and cyclic utilization of the water phase are realized.
Example 1
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an ascending solid particle cyclone elution package according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the elution unit set includes a water circulation unit 1, a particle size separation unit 2, an ascending elution unit 3, and a liquid phase post-treatment unit 4, wherein:
the water circulation unit 1 comprises a water storage tank 11 and a centrifugal pump 12 connected with the water storage tank 11 through a pipeline and used for pumping water in the water storage tank 11 into the particle size separation unit 2.
The particle size separation unit 2 comprises a stirring tank 21, the top end of the stirring tank 21 is provided with a material inlet 23 and a water phase inlet 22 which is communicated with the centrifugal pump 12 through a pipeline and is respectively used for feeding soil or sludge to be treated and a water phase; a stirring device 24 is arranged above the inner part of the stirring tank 21 and is used for stirring, mixing and adding water in the stirring tank 21 and soil or sludge to be treated to form a slurry mixture; a filter disc 26 is arranged below the stirring device 24, a large particle discharge port 27 is outwards arranged at the upper end of the connection part of the wall surface of the stirring tank 21 and the filter disc 26, the stirred slurry mixture is subjected to particle size classification through the filter disc 26, and solid particles with large particle sizes are discharged through the large particle discharge port 27; the bottom end of the stirring tank 21 is provided with a material outlet 28, and the material outlet 28 is connected with a slurry pump 29 through a pipeline for introducing the slurry mixture after the particle size separation into the ascending elution unit 3.
The up-flow elution unit 3 comprises an elution device 31, the bottom of the elution device 31 is provided with a slurry mixture inlet 32, and the slurry mixture inlet 32 is communicated with the slurry pump 29 through a pipeline; one or more layers of vortex washing structures 33 are arranged below the inner part of the elution device 31, and each vortex washing structure 33 comprises a plurality of tubular vortex washers 331 which are connected in parallel; a cyclone separation structure 34 for further deeply eluting solid particles in the mud mixture and performing solid-liquid separation is arranged above the vortex washing structure 33, and the cyclone separation structure 34 comprises a flow guide structure 341 and a plurality of cyclone separators 342 connected in parallel; a solid discharge port 35 is arranged on the side wall of the elution device 31 corresponding to the position of the cyclone separation structure 34, and a liquid discharge port 36 is arranged at the top of the elution device 31 and is respectively used for discharging solid particles and liquid phase after cyclone solid-liquid separation.
The liquid-phase post-treatment unit 4 comprises a waste liquid treatment structure 41 and an oil-water separation structure 42, and the waste liquid treatment structure and the oil-water separation structure are respectively used for treating and recovering heavy metal ion-containing waste liquid and an oil-water mixture which are subjected to cyclone separation and recycling a water phase.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the stirring device 24 includes a stirring blade 241, which is driven by a first motor 25 installed at the center of the top end of the stirring tank 21, and the first motor 25 is started to drive the stirring blade 241 to rotate, so as to stir the mixed water and the soil or sludge to be treated.
Further, the filter disc 26 is obliquely arranged in the stirring tank 21, the outer edge of the filter disc 26 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the stirring tank 21, the horizontal included angle between the filter disc 26 and the stirring tank 21 is 30 °, and the large particle discharge port 27 is located at the upper end of the wall surface at the connection position of the filter disc 26 and the lowest point of the stirring tank 21, so that the solid particles with the large particle diameters, which cannot pass through the filter disc 26 in particle size classification, move to the large particle discharge port 27 under the action of gravity and are discharged outwards.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the filter disc 26 is provided with a plurality of filter holes 261 distributed along the circumference of the filter disc 26, and the diameter of the filter holes 261 is preferably 20mm.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, an inclined convex disc 262 capable of moving up and down and installed obliquely is arranged in the stirring tank 21 below the filter disc 26, and the inclined angle of the inclined convex disc 262 is the same as that of the filter disc 26, i.e. the inclined convex disc 262 and the filter disc 26 are parallel to each other; the inclined convex disc 262 is driven by a second motor 263 arranged on the outer wall of the stirring tank 21, and the up-and-down movement of the inclined convex disc 262 is controlled; with reference to fig. 4, the inclined convex disc 262 is a circular disc-shaped structure with a circular through hole 264 at the center, a cylindrical rib 265 corresponding to the position of the filter hole 261 on the filter disc 26 one by one is disposed above the inclined convex disc 262, and the circular through hole 264 is used as a passage port for slurry mixture after being separated by the particle size of the filter disc 26; the second motor 263 is further provided with a flow sensor (not shown) disposed below the inclined protruding disc 262, and a controller (not shown) disposed on an outer wall of the agitator tank 21, and the controller is communicably connected to the second motor 263 and the flow sensor. The flow sensor detects a flow signal passing through the circular through hole 264 and feeds the flow signal back to the controller, the controller judges whether the filter hole 261 is blocked according to the flow signal, when the filter hole 261 is blocked, the controller starts the second motor 263 to drive the inclined convex disc 262 to move upwards, the cylindrical convex rib 265 extends into the filter hole 261, and a blockage in the filter hole 261 is removed and is discharged through the large particle discharge port 27.
Further, the flow sensor is located at the bottom of the inclined protruding disc 262 and is installed along the edge of the circular through hole 264.
Preferably, the diameter of the cylindrical ribs 265 is 1.5mm.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, two layers of vortex washing structures 33 are included in the elution device 31, that is, a first-stage vortex washing structure 33 and a second-stage vortex washing structure 33 are sequentially arranged in the elution device 31 from bottom to top.
Further, the upper end and the lower end of the tubular vortex scrubber 331 are supported and fixed by a support plate 332, the support plate 332 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the elution device 31, a plurality of first through holes (not shown in the figure) corresponding to the positions of the tubular vortex scrubber 331 one by one are formed in the support plate 332, and the upper end and the lower end of the tubular vortex scrubber 331 are connected with the side wall of the first through holes to realize fixation. The slurry mixture introduced from the slurry mixture inlet 32 passes through the tubular vortex scrubber 331 and is deeply desorbed by the vortex field to wash the solid particles in the slurry mixture.
Further, the flow guiding structure 341 of the cyclone separation structure 34 includes a flow guiding cone section 343, a flow guiding cylinder section 344 and a flow guiding dispersion section 345 connected to one body in sequence from bottom to top, the flow guiding cone section 343 has a tapered inner diameter from bottom to top and a lower edge connected to the inner wall of the elution device 31, the flow guiding dispersion section 345 is an oblate cylindrical structure connected to the inner wall of the elution device 31, and the slurry mixture passing through the vortex washing structure 33 is uniformly dispersed in the flow guiding dispersion section 345 after passing through the flow guiding cone section 343 and the flow guiding cylinder section 344.
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the cyclone 342 includes a cyclone inlet 346 at the sidewall of the cyclone 342, an overflow 347 at the top end of the cyclone 342 for liquid phase discharge, and a underflow 348 at the bottom end of the cyclone 342 for solid phase discharge. Returning to fig. 5, the cyclone separator 342 passes through the diversion dispersion section 345, the cyclone inlet 346 is communicated with the diversion dispersion section 345, the slurry mixture in the diversion dispersion section 345 tangentially enters the cyclone separator 342 through the cyclone inlet 346, and the solid particles generate enough centrifugal force in a cyclone field through rotation or revolution to overcome the adsorption force of oil drops or liquid drops on the particles, so that further deep elution and solid-liquid separation of the soil and sludge with small particle size are realized. The underflow port 348 is positioned below the diversion dispersion section 345, and solid particles subjected to solid-liquid cyclone separation are discharged from the underflow port 348 and then discharged through the solid discharge port 35, so that elution and purification of soil or sludge are realized; the overflow port 347 is located above the diversion dispersion section 345, and a liquid phase subjected to solid-liquid cyclone separation, namely an oil-water mixture or a heavy metal waste liquid is discharged from the overflow port 347 and then led to the liquid phase post-treatment unit 4 through the liquid phase discharge port 36.
Further, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the tubular vortex scrubber 331 includes a vortex generation section 333 and a venturi strengthening section 334 connected from bottom to top, the vortex generation section 333 includes a support rod 330 located at the axis and a helical blade disposed around the support rod 330, and the helical blade includes a right-handed blade 335 and a left-handed blade 336 connected from bottom to top. The slurry mixture enters the vortex generation section 333 of the tubular vortex scrubber 331, a vortex field is generated under the action of the helical blades, the fluid flow and disturbance strength are enhanced, the particle friction and collision are promoted, the solid particles are alternately disturbed clockwise and anticlockwise around the axis according to different rotation directions of the helical blades, the mass transfer is enhanced, and the desorption effect is enhanced. The venturi strengthening section 334 comprises a contraction section 337, a throat section 338 and a diffusion section 339 which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, wherein the throat section 338 has a hydrodynamic cavitation effect, namely, the local pressure in liquid is reduced, and the formation, development and collapse processes of steam or gas cavities in the liquid or on a liquid-solid interface are realized. When the generated cavitation bubbles collapse, local hot points are generated to cause turbulence effect, perturbation effect, interface effect and energy-gathering effect, so that the boundary layer is thinned, the micropore diffusion is improved, the mass transfer area is increased, the mass transfer efficiency and depth of the pollutant desorption process are integrally enhanced, and the purpose of high-efficiency elution is achieved.
Further, the spiral angle alpha of the spiral blade, namely the included angle between the spiral tangent of the spiral blade and the horizontal line, is between 30 and 60 degrees.
Further, the venturi reinforced section 334 occupies 2/3 of the total length of the tubular vortex scrubber 331.
Further, referring back to fig. 5, the sidewall of the elution device 31 is provided with a viewing hole 37 to facilitate viewing of the safe operation of the ascending elution unit 3. Preferably, the number of the observation holes 37 is 3.
Further, the nominal diameter of the elution device 31 is 600mm; the tangential length of the container of the elution device 31, namely the height of the container of the elution device 31 without the end socket part is 1800mm.
Returning to fig. 1, the waste liquid treatment structure 41 of the liquid phase post-treatment unit 4 is a waste liquid treatment tank, the side wall of the waste liquid treatment tank 41 is provided with a waste liquid inlet 411 and a first aqueous phase outlet 412, the bottom of the waste liquid treatment tank 41 is provided with a heavy metal deposition outlet 413, the waste liquid inlet 411 is communicated with the liquid phase outlet 36 of the elution device 31 through a pipeline, the first aqueous phase outlet 412 is communicated with the top of the water storage tank 11 through a pipeline, when the treated material is heavy metal polluted sludge, the heavy metal waste liquid discharged from the liquid phase outlet 36 enters the waste liquid treatment tank 41 through the waste liquid inlet 411, and a high-efficiency eluent is added to treat the heavy metal waste liquid, so that heavy metal ions are deposited at the bottom of the waste liquid treatment tank 41, and then discharged from the heavy metal deposition outlet 413, and the treated aqueous phase flows into the water storage tank 11 through the first aqueous phase outlet 412 to realize the cyclic utilization of water in the system. The oil-water separation structure 42 is a compact air floatation structure, an oil-water mixture inlet 421 is arranged on the side wall of the compact air floatation structure 42, an oil phase outlet 422 is arranged at the top, a second water phase outlet 423 is arranged at the bottom, the oil-water mixture inlet 421 is communicated with the liquid phase outlet 36 of the elution device 31 through a pipeline, the second water phase outlet 423 is communicated with the top of the water storage tank 11 through a pipeline, when the treated material is soil polluted by petroleum hydrocarbon, the oil-water mixture discharged from the liquid phase outlet 36 enters the compact air floatation structure 42 through the oil-water mixture inlet 421, oil-water separation is realized under the action of air floatation, the oil phase is discharged and recovered from the oil phase outlet 422, and the water phase is discharged from the second water phase outlet 423 and flows into the water storage tank 11 to realize the cyclic utilization of water in the system. The compact air float 42 may adopt a horizontal air float coupling corrugated plate oil removing device disclosed in CN 201510244380.8.
The method for eluting the soil polluted by petroleum hydrocarbon or the sludge polluted by heavy metal by using the ascending type solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment can be summarized as follows: mixing soil or sludge to be treated and water in a stirring tank, grading the particle size, introducing a slurry mixture with large-particle-size solid particles discharged into a tubular vortex structure of an elution device, deeply desorbing under the action of a vortex field, then entering a cyclone separation structure, further deeply desorbing and carrying out solid-liquid separation, carrying out elution and purification on the soil or sludge by the solid particles after cyclone separation, enabling a liquid phase to enter a waste liquid treatment structure or an oil-water separation structure, recovering heavy metal ions or an oil phase in the liquid phase, and recycling a water phase in the liquid phase. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Water in the water storage tank 11 enters the stirring tank 21 through a water phase inlet 22 by a centrifugal pump 12, soil or sludge to be treated enters the stirring tank 21 through a material inlet 23, the soil or sludge to be treated and water are stirred by a stirring device 24 to form a slurry mixture, the soil or sludge and water are subjected to particle size classification through the filter disc 26, solid particles with large particle sizes are discharged through the large particle discharge port 27, and the slurry mixture passing through the filter disc 26 flows out of the material outlet 28 and is introduced into the ascending elution unit 3 through the slurry pump 29;
(2) The mud mixture enters the elution device 31 through the mud pump 29 through the mud mixture inlet 32, enters the vortex washing structure 33, and deeply elutes solid particles in the mud mixture through the vortex field of the tubular vortex washer 331;
(3) The mud mixture eluted by the vortex washing structure 33 enters the cyclone separator 342 through the flow guide structure 341 for further deep elution and solid-liquid separation, the eluted solid particles are discharged through the solid discharge port 35, and the separated liquid phase after elution is discharged through the liquid phase discharge port 36;
(4) When the liquid phase discharged from the liquid phase discharge port 36 is heavy metal waste liquid, heavy metals are separated and a water phase is circulated through the waste liquid treatment tank 41; when the liquid phase discharged from the liquid phase discharge port 36 is an oil-water mixture, the oil phase is recovered by the compact air flotation 42 and the water phase is circulated.
Further, the feeding volume ratio of the water and the soil or sludge to be treated entering the stirring tank 21 is 5-20 3 /h。
Further, a side outlet 38 is arranged on the side wall between the vortex washing structure 33 and the cyclone separation structure 34 of the elution device 31, and the side outlet 38 is communicated with the inlet of the slurry pump 29 through a pipeline. The mud mixture eluted in the step (2) by the vortex washing structure 33 is pumped out from the side outlet 38 and introduced into the inlet of the mud pump 29, so that the mud mixture is repeatedly eluted and eluted three times by the vortex washing structure 33, and then the step (3) is carried out.
Further, the pressure drop of the elution device 31 is not more than 0.26MPa.
Further, the diameter of the cavitation bubbles generated by the cavitation effect of the throat section 338 of the tubular vortex scrubber 331 is 10 to 20 μm.
Further, the continuous operation cycle of the ascending type solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment is not less than 5 years.
Example 2
Elution was carried out using the ascending solid particle cyclone elution apparatus set of example 1Soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons, the oil content of said soil being 9%, the ratio by volume of water fed to the mixing tank to the volume of soil to be treated being 10 3 /h。
After the elution treatment of the upward solid particle rotational flow elution complete equipment, the oil content of the solid particles discharged through the solid discharge port is 0.4 percent, and the discharge standard of the soil is met. And the oil-water mixture discharged from the liquid phase discharge port is subjected to oil-water separation, and the content of oil in the recycled water phase is not more than 10ppm.
Example 3
The soil contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbon is eluted by using the ascending solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment set in example 1, the oil content of the soil is 12%, the feeding volume ratio of water to soil to be treated entering the stirring tank is 20, and the total treatment capacity of the feeding of the water to the soil to be treated is 10m 3 /h。
After the elution treatment of the upward solid particle rotational flow elution complete equipment, the oil content of the solid particles discharged through the solid discharge port is 0.25 percent, and the discharge standard of the soil is met. And the oil-water mixture discharged from the liquid phase discharge port is subjected to oil-water separation, and the content of oil in the recycled water phase is not more than 10ppm.
Example 4
The upflow solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment in example 1 is adopted to elute sludge polluted by heavy metal ions, the contents of As, cd, sb and Pb in the sludge are 19367mg/kg, 277mg/kg, 3990mg/kg and 2572mg/kg respectively, the feeding volume ratio of water entering a stirring tank to sludge to be treated is 5, and the total treatment capacity of the feeding of the water and the sludge to be treated is 25m 3 /h。
After being eluted by the upward solid particle rotational flow elution complete equipment, the contents of As, cd, sb and Pb in solid particles discharged through the solid discharge port are respectively 70mg/kg, 20mg/kg, 60mg/kg and 600mg/kg, and the discharge standard of sludge is met. And the contents of As, cd, sb and Pb in the water phase recycled after the heavy metal waste liquid discharged from the liquid phase discharge port is treated by the waste liquid treatment structure are respectively lower than 60mg/kg, 15mg/kg, 45mg/kg and 550mg/kg.
Example 5
The sludge polluted by heavy metal ions is eluted by adopting the ascending solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment of the example 1, the contents of As, cd, sb and Pb in the sludge are 13850mg/kg, 198mg/kg, 2972mg/kg and 2150mg/kg respectively, the feeding volume ratio of water entering the stirring tank to sludge to be treated is 10 3 /h。
After being eluted by the upward solid particle rotational flow elution complete equipment, the contents of As, cd, sb and Pb in solid particles discharged through the solid discharge port are respectively 50mg/kg, 15mg/kg, 45mg/kg and 500mg/kg, and the discharge standard of sludge is met. And the contents of As, cd, sb and Pb in a water phase which is recycled after the heavy metal waste liquid discharged from the liquid phase discharge port is treated by the waste liquid treatment structure are respectively lower than 42mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 35mg/kg and 460mg/kg.
Claims (14)
1. An ascending solid particle cyclone elution complete equipment, which is characterized by comprising a water circulation unit, a particle size separation unit, an ascending elution unit and a liquid phase post-treatment unit, wherein:
the water circulation unit comprises a water storage tank and a centrifugal pump connected with the water storage tank through a pipeline and is used for pumping water in the water storage tank into the particle size separation unit;
the particle size separation unit comprises a stirring tank, the top end of the stirring tank is provided with a material inlet and a water phase inlet which is communicated with the centrifugal pump through a pipeline and is respectively used for feeding soil or sludge to be treated and a water phase; a stirring device is arranged above the inner part of the stirring tank and is used for mixing, stirring and adding water in the stirring tank and soil or sludge to be treated to form a slurry mixture; a filter disc is arranged below the stirring device, and a large-particle discharge port is outwards arranged at the upper end of the joint of the wall surface of the stirring tank and the filter disc and used for discharging large-particle-size solid particles after particle size classification; a material outlet is formed in the bottom end of the stirring tank, and the material outlet is connected with a slurry pump through a pipeline and is used for introducing a slurry mixture subjected to particle size separation into the ascending elution unit;
the up-running elution unit comprises an elution device, the bottom of the elution device is provided with a slurry mixture inlet, and the slurry mixture inlet is communicated with the slurry pump through a pipeline; one or more layers of vortex washing structures are arranged below the inner part of the elution device, and each vortex washing structure comprises a plurality of tubular vortex washers connected in parallel; a cyclone separation structure is arranged above the vortex washing structure and comprises a flow guide structure and a plurality of cyclone separators connected in parallel; a solid discharge port is formed in the side wall of the elution device corresponding to the position of the cyclone separation structure, and a liquid phase discharge port is formed in the top of the elution device and is respectively used for discharging solid particles and a liquid phase after cyclone solid-liquid separation; the tubular vortex scrubber comprises a vortex generation section and a Venturi reinforcement section which are connected from bottom to top, the vortex generation section comprises a supporting rod positioned at the axis and spiral blades arranged around the supporting rod, and the spiral blades comprise a right-handed blade and a left-handed blade which are connected from bottom to top; the venturi strengthening section comprises a contraction section, a throat pipe section and a diffusion section which are sequentially connected from bottom to top;
the liquid phase post-treatment unit comprises a waste liquid treatment structure and an oil-water separation structure, and the waste liquid treatment structure and the oil-water separation structure are respectively used for treating and recovering heavy metal ion-containing waste liquid and an oil-water mixture which are subjected to cyclone separation and recycling a water phase.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the elution device comprises two layers of vortex washing structures, namely a first-stage vortex washing structure and a second-stage vortex washing structure in sequence from bottom to top.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the venturi reinforced section comprises 2/3 of the total length of the tubular vortex scrubber; the helical angle alpha of the helical blade is between 30 and 60 degrees.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower ends of the tubular vortex scrubber are supported and fixed by a support plate, the support plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the elution device, a plurality of first through holes corresponding to the positions of the tubular vortex scrubber one by one are formed in the support plate, and the upper and lower ends of the tubular vortex scrubber are connected with the side wall of the first through holes to realize fixation.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flow guiding structure of the cyclone separation structure comprises a flow guiding conical cylinder section, a flow guiding cylindrical section and a flow guiding dispersion section which are sequentially connected into a whole from bottom to top, the flow guiding conical cylinder section gradually reduces the inner diameter from bottom to top, the lower edge of the flow guiding conical cylinder section is connected with the inner wall of the elution device, and the flow guiding dispersion section is of an oblate cylindrical structure connected with the inner wall of the elution device.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the cyclonic separator includes a cyclonic inlet located in the sidewall of the cyclonic separator, an overflow for liquid phase discharge located at the top end of the cyclonic separator, and an underflow for solid phase discharge located at the bottom end of the cyclonic separator; the cyclone separator penetrates through the diversion dispersion section, a cyclone inlet is communicated with the diversion dispersion section, the underflow port is located below the diversion dispersion section, and the overflow port is located above the diversion dispersion section.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filter disc is obliquely arranged in the stirring tank, the outer edge of the filter disc is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the stirring tank, and the horizontal included angle between the filter disc and the stirring tank is 30 degrees; the large particle discharge port is positioned at the upper end of the wall surface at the joint of the filter disc and the lowest point of the stirring tank.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filter disc is provided with a plurality of filter holes distributed along the circumference of the filter disc, and the diameter of the filter holes is 20mm.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an inclined convex disc which can move up and down and is installed obliquely is arranged in the stirring tank below the filter disc, the inclined convex disc has the same inclination angle as the filter disc, and the inclined convex disc is driven by a second motor installed on the outer wall of the stirring tank; the inclined convex disc is of a circular disc-shaped structure with a circular through hole in the center, the circular through hole is used for a channel of slurry mixture after particle size separation, cylindrical convex ribs which correspond to the positions of the filter holes in the filter disc one by one are arranged above the inclined convex disc and are used for controlling the inclined convex disc to move upwards through a second motor when the filter holes are blocked by solid particles, and the cylindrical convex ribs extend into the filter holes, clear blocking objects in the filter holes and discharge the blocking objects through a large particle discharge port.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the side wall of the elution device is provided with a viewing hole to facilitate viewing of the safe operation of the upflow elution unit.
11. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid phase post-treatment unit has a liquid waste treatment structure comprising a liquid waste treatment tank, wherein a side wall of the liquid waste treatment tank is provided with a liquid waste inlet and a first aqueous phase outlet, a bottom of the liquid waste treatment tank is provided with a heavy metal deposition outlet, the liquid waste inlet is communicated with the liquid phase outlet of the elution device, and the first aqueous phase outlet is communicated with the top of the water storage tank; the oil-water separation structure is compact air floatation, an oil-water mixture inlet is formed in the side wall of the compact air floatation, an oil phase outlet is formed in the top of the compact air floatation, a second water phase outlet is formed in the bottom of the compact air floatation, the oil-water mixture inlet is communicated with a liquid phase outlet of the elution device, and the second water phase outlet is communicated with the top of the water storage tank.
12. A method of eluting solid particles using an elution kit according to any one of claims 1-11, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Water and soil or sludge to be treated enter the stirring tank and are stirred to form a slurry mixture, and the slurry mixture is subjected to particle size classification through the filter disc;
(2) The mud mixture graded by the filter disc enters the elution device, and solid particles in the mud mixture are deeply eluted by a vortex field of the tubular vortex washer;
(3) The slurry mixture after the eddy current elution enters the cyclone separator through the diversion structure for further deep elution and solid-liquid separation, solid particles after the elution and separation are discharged through a solid discharge port of an elution device, and a liquid phase is discharged through a liquid phase discharge port;
(4) When the liquid phase after elution and separation is heavy metal waste liquid, separating heavy metals and circulating a water phase through the waste liquid treatment structure; and in the case of an oil-water mixture, recovering the oil phase through the oil-water separation structure and circulating the water phase.
13. A method for eluting solid particles according to claim 12, wherein the feed volume ratio of water to soil or sludge to be treated entering the agitation tank is 5 3 /h。
14. The method for eluting solid particles according to claim 12, wherein a side outlet is provided on a side wall between the vortex washing structure and the cyclone separation structure of the elution apparatus, the side outlet is communicated with the inlet of the slurry pump, and the slurry mixture eluted by the vortex washing structure in the step (2) is pumped out of the side outlet and introduced into the inlet of the slurry pump, so that the step (3) is performed after the slurry mixture is repeatedly eluted by the vortex washing structure and is repeatedly eluted three times.
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