CN112931875B - Preparation method of strontium-rich starch - Google Patents

Preparation method of strontium-rich starch Download PDF

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CN112931875B
CN112931875B CN202110168716.2A CN202110168716A CN112931875B CN 112931875 B CN112931875 B CN 112931875B CN 202110168716 A CN202110168716 A CN 202110168716A CN 112931875 B CN112931875 B CN 112931875B
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strontium
starch
arrowroot
rich
leaves
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CN112931875A (en
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苏益
马立英
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Hunan Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/125Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols; containing starch hydrolysates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B30/00Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
    • C08B30/02Preparatory treatment, e.g. crushing of raw materials or steeping process
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B30/00Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
    • C08B30/04Extraction or purification
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23VINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of strontium-rich starch, and belongs to the technical field of food processing. A preparation method of strontium-rich starch comprises the following steps: s1, crushing stems and leaves of kudzuvine to obtain mixed powder; s2, mixing the mixed powder with water with the pH value of 8.0-8.5 for homogenating; s3, filtering the slurry obtained in the step S2 to obtain filtrate; s4, standing the filtrate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the strontium-rich starch. The arrowroot stem leaves are not generally used for starch extraction, but the strontium content in the arrowroot stem leaves is high, and the arrowroot stem leaves are used as materials, so that the content of the strontium in the arrowroot starch is improved by controlling the pH value in the process; the stems and leaves of the arrowroot with rich strontium content are used as raw materials, so that the strontium content in the arrowroot starch is further improved; compared with the traditional preparation method of the arrowroot starch, the preparation method omits the operation of readjusting the pH value to be slightly acidic, shortens the process flow and saves the raw materials and the operation cost.

Description

Preparation method of strontium-rich starch
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of strontium-rich starch.
Background
The arrowroot starch is starch extracted from plant arrowroot, the average grain diameter is 12.2-24.08 mu m, and the arrowroot starch has obvious effects of improving hypertension, hyperlipidemia, regulating blood circulation and the like. Food processed with kudzuvine has become one of the diets favored by the consumer.
Strontium is an indispensable trace element of human body, is spread in bones and teeth, has close relation to blood vessel functions and structures of human body, and various symptoms which are bad for body health can appear due to strontium deficiency. In addition, the strontium content in the common diet is low, and partial population strontium intake is possibly insufficient due to different eating habits.
Although the arrowroot starch has rich nutrition, the strontium content is only about 0.12mg/kg, and the strontium content cannot supplement trace elements of human bodies, so that if the arrowroot starch rich in strontium can be prepared, the nutrition of the arrowroot starch can be further balanced, and the arrowroot starch is suitable for more people to eat.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art described above. Therefore, the invention provides the preparation method of the strontium-rich starch, which can obviously improve the strontium content in the starch and meet the requirements of more people.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing strontium-rich starch is provided, comprising the steps of:
s1, crushing stems and leaves of kudzuvine to obtain mixed powder;
s2, mixing the mixed powder with water with the pH value of 8.0-8.5 for homogenating;
s3, filtering the slurry obtained in the step S2 to obtain filtrate;
s4, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the filtrate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the strontium-rich starch.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, there is at least the following advantageous effect:
(1) The invention effectively extracts the strontium in the arrowroot and the arrowroot leaves by controlling the pH value in the process, thereby improving the strontium content in the arrowroot starch.
(2) The invention takes the stems and leaves of the arrowroot with rich strontium content as raw materials, thereby improving the strontium content in the arrowroot starch.
(3) Compared with the traditional preparation method of the arrowroot, the invention omits the operation of readjusting the pH value to be slightly acidic in the step S4, shortens the process flow and saves the raw materials and the operation cost.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S2, the stems and leaves of the kudzuvine are freshly picked and washed clean.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the mass ratio of the water to the mixed powder is (5-7): 1.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the mass ratio of the water to the mixed powder is 6:1.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S2, the pH adjusting agent is at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the pH adjusting agent is potassium hydroxide.
In some embodiments of the invention, if the pH is less than 8.0 in step S2, it is easy to cause strontium to be converted from strontium oxalate to free strontium ions, and further remain in the supernatant liquid during the standing in step S4, and cannot be collected together with starch.
In some embodiments of the invention, if the pH is > 8.5 in step S2, the strontium content of the starch will not be reduced, but this aspect increases the input of alkaline agent and increases the cost; on the other hand, too high alkalinity in starch can result, and since the pH suitable for human diets is near neutral, step S4 is required to be neutralized with acid to lower the pH, which further lengthens the process flow and increases the cost.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S2, the homogenization is performed for a period of time ranging from 1min to 2min.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the homogenization time is 1.5min.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S3, the filtration method is filtration with three layers of gauze.
The gauze is a common medical gauze.
In step S3, the filtering is performed, because the pore size of the gauze is large, only uncrushed fibers in the raw material can be removed, and arrowroot starch and strontium-containing compounds can be collected with the filtrate.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S4, the solid-liquid separation is at least one of centrifugation, filtration, and standing.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S4, the solid-liquid separation is performed for 20 to 28 hours.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the solid-liquid separation is performed for 24 hours.
In the step S4, most of alkali liquor is removed along with the supernatant, and the strontium-rich starch is slightly alkaline, so that the health of consumers is facilitated.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S4, the drying is at a temperature of 65 ℃ to 75 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the temperature of the drying is 70 ℃.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S4, the supernatant after standing is rich in nutrients such as brass, and may be recovered and extracted for full use.
Calcium ions and strontium ions are in competition in the process of absorbing minerals by plants, and the existence forms of the calcium ions and the strontium ions in the plants are very similar.
The main forms of calcium in plants are calcium ions, complexes with biological macromolecules such as proteins, enzymes, polysaccharides, lipids, and organic salts bound to oxalic acid.
The invention adopts the stems and leaves of fresh kudzuvine as raw materials, and a large amount of oxalic acid exists in the raw materials, so that the main existence form of strontium in the raw materials is strontium oxalate.
Strontium oxalate is an organic salt which is insoluble in alkaline solution and soluble in acidic aqueous solution such as dilute hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and the like.
In summary, in step S2 of the present invention, an alkaline aqueous solution is used for homogenization, and the subsequent step of neutralization with acid is omitted, and this pH control can effectively increase the strontium content in the starch.
In the conventional knowledge, the stems and leaves of kudzuvine are considered to contain little starch, and the stems of kudzuvine are seriously lignified, so that the kudzuvine is not suitable for the production of kudzuvine starch, and the invention finds that different parts of kudzuvine are dried through research, and the starch content is shown in table 1.
Table 1 mass% starch in kudzuvine root (dry weight).
Figure BDA0002938210540000031
Figure BDA0002938210540000041
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Thus, although the starch content in the stems and leaves is relatively low compared to the tubers, they also contain a higher starch content and can be used to produce starch in order to make full use of the raw materials.
Detailed Description
The conception and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments below to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and that other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment prepares the strontium-rich starch, which comprises the following specific processes:
s1, cleaning and crushing fresh stems and leaves of kudzuvine, wherein the mass ratio of the stems to the leaves is 5:1;
s2, mixing the crushed stems and leaves with water with the pH of 8.5 for homogenating, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the crushed stems and leaves is 6:1, and the homogenating time is 1.5min;
s3, filtering the slurry obtained in the step S2 by using three layers of gauze to obtain filtrate;
s4, standing the filtrate for 24 hours, and drying the precipitate at 70 ℃ to obtain the strontium-rich starch.
Example 2
The specific process of this example for preparing a strontium-rich starch differs from that of example 1 in that:
(1) In step S2, the pH was 8.2.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example produced a strontium-rich starch, which differs from example 1 in the following specific procedures:
(1) The raw material is fresh and unpeeled kudzuvine root.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the strontium-rich starch in the comparative example comprises the following specific processes:
s1, cleaning and crushing fresh stems and leaves of kudzuvine, wherein the mass ratio of the stems to the leaves is 5:1;
s2, mixing the crushed stems and leaves with water with the pH of 8.5 for homogenating, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the crushed stems and leaves is 6:1, and the homogenating time is 1.5min;
s3, filtering the slurry obtained in the step S2 by using three layers of gauze to obtain filtrate;
s4, adjusting the pH value of the filtrate obtained in the step S3 to 5.8 by dilute hydrochloric acid;
s5, standing the filtrate obtained in the step S4 for 24 hours to obtain a precipitate, and drying at 70 ℃ to obtain the strontium-rich starch.
Test examples
This test example tests the strontium content of the raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples, and the strontium content of the strontium-rich starches prepared in the examples and comparative examples. Wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the method for testing the strontium content in the raw materials comprises the following steps:
50g of the cleaned raw materials are taken, enzyme deactivation is carried out for 10min at 110 ℃, drying is carried out at 80 ℃, 0.2g of the sheared dried sample is taken, 7ml of nitric acid (mass fraction 68%) is added, microwave digestion (120 ℃/3min+150 ℃/3min+180 ℃/20 min) is carried out, a plasma mass spectrometer is used for testing, and each raw material is subjected to 10 parallel tests, and range values are taken.
The test method of the strontium content in the strontium-rich starch comprises the following steps:
taking 0.2g of starch dried to constant weight, adding 7ml of a mixed system of nitric acid (mass fraction 68%) and perchloric acid (mass fraction 70%) with a volume ratio of 3:1, carrying out microwave digestion (120 ℃/3min+150deg.C+3min+180deg.C/20 min), then diluting, testing by a plasma mass spectrometer, and carrying out 10 parallel tests on each strontium-rich starch, and taking a range value.
In the test process, a nitric acid aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3% is set as a blank control, and a test pipeline is flushed with the nitric acid aqueous solution in a test gap between two samples.
The test parameters of the plasma mass spectrometer are shown in table 2.
Table 2 test parameters of plasma mass spectrometer.
Figure BDA0002938210540000051
Figure BDA0002938210540000061
The results of the measurement of the strontium content in the raw materials are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 strontium content (dry weight) in the raw materials.
Root mg/kg 36.33~45.16
Stem mg/kg 46.88~55.45
Leaf mg/kg 47.64~51.98
The strontium content of the strontium-rich starches obtained in examples and comparative examples is shown in table 4.
Table 4 strontium content (dry weight) in the strontium-rich starches obtained in examples and comparative examples.
Sr
EXAMPLE 1mg/kg 15.78~16.58
EXAMPLE 2mg/kg 12.73~14.95
Comparative example 1mg/kg 0.21~0.82
Comparative example 2mg/kg 2.1~3.0
As can be seen from the results in tables 3 and 4, the strontium-rich starch (examples 1-2) obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention has a strontium content of 12.73mg/kg or more; if the pH is adjusted to be acidic in the starch precipitation step (example 1 and comparative example 2), the strontium content in the strontium-rich starch is significantly reduced although the raw materials are the same; by using the same preparation method (example 1 and comparative example 1), when the roots are used as the raw materials, the strontium content in the prepared strontium-rich starch is also significantly reduced, because the strontium exists in different forms in the roots and the stems and leaves of kudzuvine, and thus the conditions for extracting the strontium from the raw materials are also different.
In summary, the preparation method provided by the invention can obtain the strontium-rich starch by matching the raw materials (the stems and leaves of the fresh kudzuvine root) with the pH value in the preparation process.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the strontium-rich starch is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing stems and leaves of kudzuvine to obtain mixed powder;
s2, mixing the mixed powder with water with the pH value of 8.0-8.5 for homogenating;
s3, filtering the slurry obtained in the step S2 to obtain filtrate;
s4, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the filtrate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the strontium-rich starch;
the strontium in the strontium-rich starch is present in a form comprising strontium oxalate.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the mass ratio of the water to the mixed powder is (5-7): 1.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step S2, the mass ratio of the water to the mixed powder is 6:1.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the pH adjusting agent is at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the time for homogenizing is 1min to 2min.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, the homogenization time is 1.5min.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the solid-liquid separation is at least one of centrifugation, filtration and standing.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step S4, the solid-liquid separation is performed for 20 to 28 hours.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the temperature of the drying is 65 ℃ to 75 ℃.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein in step S4, the temperature of the drying is 70 ℃.
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CN101736052B (en) * 2009-12-25 2012-05-30 重庆正里元实业有限公司 Technology for efficiently extracting radix puerariae starch and radix puerariae total isoflavone
CN104938899B (en) * 2015-07-02 2018-02-16 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 A kind of the selenium-rich amylum marantae and its method of the organic selenium nutrition-intensified preparation of segmented
CN108294261A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-07-20 李玟君 A kind of kudzu-vine root powder and its processing method rich in resistant starch
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