CN112929564A - Method, system, device, equipment and storage medium for acquiring out-of-water reflectivity - Google Patents
Method, system, device, equipment and storage medium for acquiring out-of-water reflectivity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides an acquiring method, a system, a device, equipment and a storage medium of an out-of-water reflectivity, wherein a first reflectivity is acquired according to a pixel value and a first parameter of an image of a water body, a second reflectivity is acquired according to a pixel value and a second parameter of an image of a sky, and the out-of-water reflectivity is further acquired according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity. The first parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on pixel values of multiple gray color blocks imaged in the first image and preset reflectivity of the multiple gray color blocks, and the second parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on pixel values of the multiple gray color blocks imaged in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the multiple gray color blocks. The first parameter indicates the nonlinear relation between the imaged pixel value of the object in the first image and the reflectivity of the object, the second parameter indicates the nonlinear relation between the imaged pixel value of the object in the second image and the reflectivity of the object, the accuracy of the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity is high, and the accuracy of the out-of-water reflectivity is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of data processing technologies, and in particular, to a method, a system, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for obtaining an out-of-water reflectivity.
Background
In the background of increasing development of national science, shooting equipment such as digital cameras and mobile phones is successfully applied to surface water environment monitoring. For example, in the existing HydroColor mobile phone software, a mobile phone camera is used as a remote sensing spectral radiometer of three bands (RGB, Red-Green-Blue, three primary colors of Red, Green and Blue), a water body photo is applied to quantitative inversion of water quality parameters, and the obtained sky reflectivity and water body reflectivity are utilized to obtain the water body water-leaving reflectivity for estimating the water body turbidity. However, at present, the difference between the calculated value of the out-of-water reflectivity obtained by imaging the water body, the sky and the reference card shot by the civil shooting equipment and the actual value of the out-of-water reflectivity is large, and therefore, how to improve the accuracy of the out-of-water reflectivity becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventor researches and finds that the calculation of the reflectivity is based on the assumption that the reflectivity and the pixel value of the object to be imaged are linearly changed. However, in the same physical environment, the pixel value of the object image changes nonlinearly with the brightness of the incident light, that is, the reflectivity of the object and the pixel value of the object image are in a nonlinear relationship, so in the prior art, the accuracy of the sky reflectivity and the water body reflectivity obtained by using the linear assumption is low, and the accuracy of the calculated value of the out-of-water reflectivity obtained according to the sky reflectivity and the water body reflectivity is low.
The application provides a method, a system, a device, equipment and a storage medium for acquiring the water leaving reflectivity, aiming at improving the accuracy of the water leaving reflectivity, and the method comprises the following steps:
a method of obtaining an out-of-water reflectivity comprising:
acquiring a first image and a second image, wherein the first image comprises imaging of a water body and imaging of a reference card, the reference card comprises a plurality of gray-scale color blocks, the gray scale of each gray-scale color block is different, and the second image comprises imaging of the sky and imaging of the reference card;
acquiring a first reflectivity according to the imaged pixel value of the water body and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of the gray color blocks in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
acquiring a second reflectivity according to the pixel value of the image of the sky and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the pixel value of the image of the gray color blocks in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
and acquiring the water-leaving reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity.
Optionally, the first image is an image captured according to a preset first condition, where the first condition includes:
the first azimuth angle is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 180 degrees, the first day apex angle is larger than 30 degrees and smaller than 40 degrees, and the reference card is positioned in a first preset area of the image acquisition frame;
the first azimuth angle is an included angle between a vertical line of a lens plane of the shooting equipment and a connecting line of the lens and the sun when the shooting equipment shoots the first image; the first day apex angle is when the shooting equipment shoots the first image, the contained angle of camera lens plane and horizontal plane, first predetermined area is middle zone.
Optionally, the second image is an image captured according to a preset second condition, where the second condition includes:
the second azimuth angle is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 180 degrees, the second zenith angle is equal to 90 degrees, and the reference card is positioned in a preset second area of the image acquisition frame;
the second azimuth angle is an included angle between a vertical line of a lens plane of the shooting equipment and a connecting line of the lens and the sun when the shooting equipment shoots the second image; the second zenith angle is an included angle between the lens plane and the horizontal plane when the shooting equipment shoots the second image, and the second preset area is the lower half area.
Optionally, obtaining the first reflectivity according to the imaged pixel value of the water body and the first parameter includes:
acquiring the pixel value of the imaging of the water body and the pixel value of the imaging of each gray color block in the first image;
carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as the first parameter;
and taking the imaged pixel value of the water body as an input, and obtaining the output of the nonlinear fitting model with the first parameter as a model parameter as the first reflectivity.
Optionally, the obtaining a second reflectivity from the imaged pixel value of the sky and a second parameter includes:
acquiring pixel values of the image of the sky and pixel values of each gray color block image in the second image;
carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as the second parameter;
taking the imaged pixel values of the sky as input, obtaining an output of the nonlinear fitting model with the second parameter as a model parameter as the second reflectivity.
Optionally, the preset nonlinear model includes: a power function model.
An acquisition system for off-water reflectance comprising: a reference card, a photographing apparatus, and a processor;
the reference card comprises a plurality of gray color blocks, and the gray levels of the gray color blocks are different;
the shooting device is used for shooting to obtain a first image and a second image, the first image comprises an image of a water body and an image of the reference card, and the second image comprises an image of the sky and an image of the reference card;
the processor is used for realizing the steps of the method for acquiring the out-of-water reflectivity as set forth in any one of claims 1-6.
An apparatus for obtaining an off-water reflectance, comprising:
an image acquisition module, configured to acquire a first image and a second image, where the first image includes an image of a water body and an image of a reference card, the reference card includes a plurality of gray-scale color blocks, a gray level of each of the gray-scale color blocks is different, and the second image includes an image of the sky and an image of the reference card;
the first reflectivity obtaining module is used for obtaining a first reflectivity according to the imaged pixel value of the water body and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of the gray color blocks in a first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
the second reflectivity obtaining module is used for obtaining a second reflectivity according to the pixel values of the image of the sky and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the pixel values of the image of the gray color blocks in a second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
and the water leaving reflectivity acquisition module is used for acquiring the water leaving reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity.
An apparatus for obtaining an off-water reflectance, comprising: a memory and a processor;
the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor is used for executing the program and realizing the steps of the method for acquiring the out-of-water reflectivity.
A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of obtaining an out-of-water reflectivity.
According to the technical scheme, the method, the system, the device, the equipment and the storage medium for obtaining the out-of-water reflectivity provided by the embodiment of the application obtain the first reflectivity according to the pixel value and the first parameter of the imaging of the water body, obtain the second reflectivity according to the pixel value and the second parameter of the imaging of the sky, and further obtain the out-of-water reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity. The first parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on the pixel values of the multiple gray-scale color blocks imaged in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the multiple gray-scale color blocks, and the second parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on the pixel values of the multiple gray-scale color blocks imaged in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the multiple gray-scale color blocks. Therefore, the first parameter indicates the nonlinear relation between the imaged pixel value of the object in the first image and the reflectivity of the object, and the second parameter indicates the nonlinear relation between the imaged pixel value of the object in the second image and the reflectivity of the object.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for obtaining an anhydrous reflectivity according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of a first attitude parameter according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a second attitude parameter according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for obtaining an isolated water reflectivity according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for obtaining an out-of-water reflectivity according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for acquiring an off-water reflectivity according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The method for acquiring the out-of-water reflectivity provided by the embodiment of the application is applied to but not limited to intelligent equipment (such as a smart phone, an ipad or a computer) with a shooting function. Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for obtaining an isolated water reflectance according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 1, the method may specifically include the following steps S101 to S108.
S101, acquiring a first image and a second image.
In this embodiment, the first image includes imaging of a body of water and imaging of a reference card, and the second image includes imaging of a sky and imaging of a reference card, where the reference card includes a plurality of gray-scale blocks, and a gray level of each gray-scale block is different.
In this example, the reference card is a five-level reference card, which is a color card made of high-density fabric with a neutral coating. The five-tone reference card comprises 5 gray-level color blocks with different gray levels, each gray-level color block is a rectangular tone scale strip, and the rectangular tone scale strips are arranged in parallel and respectively comprise: white, light gray, medium gray, dark gray, and black. It should be noted that the pixel values of the three bands (red, green, and blue, respectively) of the gray color block are the same, that is, the RBG pixel value of the gray color block includes three same values, and the gray level of the gray color block refers to the pixel value of any band of the gray color block.
It should be noted that the surface of the five-color-level reference card is a lambertian surface that can form diffuse reflection, the reflectivity of each gray-scale color block in the five-color-level reference card obtained through experiments is different, and the reflectivities of the five gray-scale color blocks in the five-color-level reference card are uniformly distributed between the preset maximum reflectivity and the preset minimum reflectivity.
In this embodiment, the first image is an image obtained by shooting the water body and the reference card according to a preset first attitude parameter. The second image is an image obtained by shooting the sky and the reference card according to a preset second attitude parameter. It should be noted that the pose parameters include an azimuth angle indicating an angle between a lens plane of the shooting device and a connecting line of the sun, a zenith angle indicating an angle between the lens plane of the shooting device and a horizontal plane, and a reference card position indicating a relative position between the reference card and the shooting device. That is, the azimuth angle indicates an angle by which the photographing apparatus is rotated from being directly opposite to the sun to being directly opposite to the photographic object, and the zenith angle indicates an angle by which the photographing apparatus is rotated from being directly opposite to the ground to being directly opposite to the photographic object.
This embodiment uses the first image and the second image that use smart mobile phone's camera to shoot to be the example to when cell-phone camera just is the sun, the azimuth is 0 degree, and the azimuth is 180 degrees when back to the sun, and when the vertical horizontal plane was downward, the zenith angle was 0 degree, and when parallel horizontal plane was forward, the zenith angle was 90 degrees, for example, introduces the process of obtaining first image and second image to the shooting, as follows:
1. the water body and the reference card are shot to obtain a first image.
Specifically, the first position parameters are position parameters when the water body and the reference card are shot, and the position parameters comprise a first azimuth angle, a first day apex angle and a first reference card position.
In this embodiment, the first azimuth angle is a first preset value, the first day apex angle is a second preset value, optionally, fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of a first attitude parameter provided in the embodiment of the present application, the shooting device in fig. 2a is a camera of a smart phone, the first preset value is between 90 ° and 180 °, the general value is 135 °, the second preset value is between 30 ° and 40 °, the general value is 35 °, that is, the sun is above and behind the left side or above and behind the right side of the shooting device. The first reference card position includes: the reference card is parallel to the horizontal plane, and each color gradation bar points to the front of the shooting device, and the reference card is located in the middle area of the first image, that is, as shown in fig. 2a, the reference card is located in the middle of the camera image acquisition frame.
It should be noted that, in the actual shooting process, the shooting device is used for shooting the water body and simultaneously shooting the five-color-level reference card, the mobile phone is used for erecting the five-color-level reference card from a selfie stick, the five-color-level reference card is parallel to the water surface, each color level bar of the five-color-level reference card points to the front of a photographer, the reference card is positioned in the middle of a collecting frame of the shooting device for collecting images, and the reference card is far away from the body and the hull of the photographer as far as possible, so that the influence is avoided.
2. The sky and the reference card are photographed to obtain a second image.
Specifically, the second pose parameters are pose parameters when the sky and the reference card are shot, and include a second azimuth angle, a second zenith angle and a second reference card position.
In this embodiment, the second azimuth angle is a third preset value, the second zenith angle is optionally a third preset value, fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of a second attitude parameter provided in the embodiment of the present application, the second preset value is 135 °, that is, the sun is located above and behind the left side or above and behind the right side of the shooting device, and the shooting device is horizontally forward. The first reference card position includes: the plane of the reference card is parallel to the plane of the lens, and the reference card is located in the lower half area of the first image, that is, as shown in fig. 2b, the reference card is located at the lowest part of the camera image acquisition frame.
It should be noted that, in the actual shooting process, the shooting device is used to shoot the sky and simultaneously shoot the five-color-level reference card, the mobile phone is used to erect the five-color-level reference card from the racket, the five-color-level reference card is parallel to the water surface (not shown in fig. 2 b), each color level bar of the five-color-level reference card points to the front of the photographer, and the reference card is positioned below the acquisition frame of the shooting device for acquiring images and is far away from the body and the hull of the person as far as possible, so as to avoid influence.
It should be further noted that, in the actual shooting process, after the first image is obtained through shooting, the placement position of the reference card is unchanged, the azimuth angle is unchanged (the first azimuth angle is equal to the second azimuth angle), only the zenith angle is changed (the first zenith angle is changed to the second zenith angle), and the second image is obtained through continuing shooting.
S102, obtaining a pixel value of water body imaging and a pixel value of each gray color block imaging in the first image.
In this embodiment, the pixel values of the target object (water or gray color block) include pixel values of a first wavelength band (R-band), pixel values of a second wavelength band (G-band), or pixel values of a third wavelength band (B-band), where the pixel values are represented by DN values (Digital quantization values, Digital numbers), which are DN _ R, DN _ G and DN _ B, respectively.
It should be noted that, the method for acquiring the pixel values of the three bands is the same, so the embodiment takes the example of acquiring the pixel value of the first band as an example.
In this embodiment, obtaining the pixel value of the image of the water body in the first image includes:
and extracting a water body imaging area from the first image, wherein the water body imaging area only comprises the imaging of the water body, and the pixel values of the imaging of the water body are uniform, so that the large difference of the pixel values of all pixels in the imaging of the water body caused by shooting environment interference, such as flare, shadow and floating objects, is avoided.
And acquiring median values of DN values of all pixels in the water body imaging area as the DN values of the imaging of the water body.
In this embodiment, obtaining the pixel value of the image of each gray color block in the first image includes:
a reference card imaging region in the first image is acquired, the reference card imaging region including only an image of the reference card.
And obtaining the DN value of the image of each gray color block according to the gray histogram of the image area of the reference card.
It should be noted that, the methods for obtaining the pixel value of the water body and the pixel value of each gray color block include multiple methods, for example, obtaining an average value of DN values of pixels in an imaging area of the water body as a DN value of the imaging of the water body, and for example, taking an average value of DN values of the imaging area of each gray color block as a DN value of a gray color block. See in particular the prior art.
S103, carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as the first parameter.
Specifically, the preset reflectivity of each gray color block is obtained according to experiments, the nonlinear model includes but is not limited to a power function model, and the function formula of the power function model can be referred to as formula (1):
Refi＝a*DNi b (1)
in formula (1), RefiIs the preset reflectivity of the ith gray color block, a and b are the first parameters, DNiIs the DN value of the imaging of the ith gray shade block.
Taking the reference card as a five-level reference card as an example, let i be 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, substitute the preset reflectivity and DN value of each level into formula (1), and solve the equation system to obtain the first parameter, i.e., the numerical values of a and b.
And S104, taking the imaged pixel value of the water body as an input, and obtaining the output of the nonlinear fitting model with the first parameter as a model parameter as a first reflectivity.
Specifically, formula (2) is obtained from the nonlinear model and the pixel values of the imaging of the water body:
Refwater (W)＝a*DNWater (W) b (2)
In formula (2), RefWater (W)Is the first reflectivity, namely the water reflectivity, DNWater (W)Is the DN value of the image of the water body.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first reflectivity of each band can be obtained according to the foregoing S103 to S104, which is not described in detail.
It should be further noted that this embodiment is only a specific implementation for obtaining the first reflectivity according to the pixel value of the water body image in the first image and the pixel value of each gray-scale color block image, and this application also includes other manners, which are not described herein again.
And S105, acquiring pixel values of sky imaging and pixel values of each gray color block imaging in the second image.
In this embodiment, the method for obtaining the pixel value of the sky image and the pixel value of each gray-scale color block image in the second image may refer to S102 described above.
S106, carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as a second parameter.
It should be noted that, the method for obtaining the second parameter may refer to the above S103, and the gray color block in the first image may be replaced by the gray color block in the second image, which is not described herein again.
And S107, taking the pixel value of the sky image as an input, and acquiring the output of the nonlinear fitting model with the second parameter as the model parameter as the second reflectivity.
It should be noted that S105 to S107 are processes of obtaining a second reflectivity according to a pixel value of sky imaging and a pixel value of each gray-scale color block imaging in the second image, and specific embodiments include multiple, and an optional specific embodiment may refer to S102 to S104, where a gray-scale color block in the first image is replaced by a gray-scale color block in the second image, a water body is replaced by sky, and the first reflectivity is replaced by the second reflectivity, which is not described herein again.
And S108, acquiring the out-of-water reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity.
In particular, an alternative method of obtaining the off-water reflectance is described in equation (3):
Rrs＝(Rw-rsky*Rs)/π (3)
in the formula (2), rskyReflectivity of a predetermined air-water interface to sky light, rskyInfluenced by sun position, observation geometry, wind speed, wind direction or water surface roughness, optionally, rskyAccording to the observation of geometric and windThe speed determined value was 0.028.
It should be noted that, according to the formula (3), the water-leaving reflectivity of each wavelength band can be obtained.
According to the technical scheme, the method for acquiring the out-of-water reflectivity obtains the first reflectivity according to the pixel value and the first parameter of the imaging of the water body, obtains the second reflectivity according to the pixel value and the second parameter of the imaging of the sky, and further obtains the out-of-water reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity. The first parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on the pixel values of the multiple gray-scale color blocks imaged in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the multiple gray-scale color blocks, and the second parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on the pixel values of the multiple gray-scale color blocks imaged in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the multiple gray-scale color blocks. Therefore, the first parameter indicates the nonlinear relation between the imaged pixel value of the object in the first image and the reflectivity of the object, and the second parameter indicates the nonlinear relation between the imaged pixel value of the object in the second image and the reflectivity of the object.
Further, the first image is an image obtained by shooting the water body and the reference card according to the preset first attitude parameters, the imaging conditions of the imaging of the water body and the imaging of the reference card in the first image are completely the same, for example, the exposure parameters are completely the same, and it can be understood that, compared with the prior art, the imaging pixel values of the water body and the imaging pixel values of the reference card in different images are normalized according to the exposure parameters, the imaging pixel values of the water body and the imaging pixel values of the gray color block are obtained from the same image, and the accuracy is high.
Similarly, the accuracy of the pixel value of the sky image and the pixel value of the gray color block image acquired from the second image is high, and in the second image, the nonlinear relation between the pixel value of the gray color block image and the reflectivity of the gray color block image is completely equal to the nonlinear relation between the pixel value of the sky image and the reflectivity of the sky, so that the accuracy of the water body reflectivity is further improved.
It should be noted that the flow shown in fig. 1 is only an optional specific implementation of the method for obtaining the out-of-water reflectivity provided in the embodiment of the present application, and optionally, the present application further includes other specific implementations, for example, the method for obtaining the pixel value of the water body image and the pixel value of each gray-scale block image in the first image is not limited to the method described in S102, and for another example, the nonlinear fitting model further includes other models, for example, an e-exponential function model.
In summary, the method for obtaining the isolated water reflectance according to the embodiment of the present application can be summarized as a schematic flow chart of the method for obtaining the isolated water reflectance shown in fig. 3, as shown in fig. 3, the method may include S301 to S304.
S301, acquiring a first image and a second image.
In this embodiment, the first image includes an image of a body of water and an image of a reference card, and the second image includes an image of a sky and an image of a reference card.
In this embodiment, the first image is an image captured according to a preset first condition, and the second image is an image captured according to a preset second condition. Optionally, the first condition and the second condition are preset according to practical applications, and optionally, the first condition includes a preset first posture parameter, and the second condition includes a preset second posture parameter, which may be specifically referred to as S101.
In this embodiment, the second image reference card includes a plurality of gray-scale color blocks, each of which has a different gray-scale level, and it should be noted that the gray-scale color blocks are achromatic color blocks, that is, the pixel values of three bands (RGB) of the gray-scale color blocks are the same and are all gray-scale levels of the gray-scale color blocks.
S302, acquiring a first reflectivity according to the imaging pixel value and the first parameter of the water body.
In this embodiment, the first parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on the pixel values of the multiple gray color blocks imaged in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the multiple gray color blocks.
It should be noted that the preset reflectivity of each gray-scale color block is a value obtained by an experiment, and the specific obtaining method refers to the prior art.
And S303, acquiring a second reflectivity according to the pixel value of the sky image and the second parameter.
In this embodiment, the second parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on the pixel values of the multiple gray color blocks imaged in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the multiple gray color blocks.
It should be noted that the specific implementation of obtaining the first parameter or the second parameter through the non-linear fitting in S302 or S303 includes multiple types, and an alternative method may refer to the flow shown in fig. 1.
And S304, acquiring the out-of-water reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity.
In this embodiment, the water-leaving reflectivity is obtained according to the physical relationship between the first reflectivity, the second reflectivity and the water-leaving reflectivity, and an optional method may refer to S108 described above, which is not described in this embodiment.
According to the technical scheme, the method for acquiring the out-of-water reflectivity obtains the first reflectivity according to the pixel value and the first parameter of the imaging of the water body, obtains the second reflectivity according to the pixel value and the second parameter of the imaging of the sky, and further obtains the out-of-water reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity. The first parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on the pixel values of the multiple gray-scale color blocks imaged in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the multiple gray-scale color blocks, and the second parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on the pixel values of the multiple gray-scale color blocks imaged in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the multiple gray-scale color blocks. Therefore, the first parameter indicates the nonlinear relation between the imaged pixel value of the object in the first image and the reflectivity of the object, and the second parameter indicates the nonlinear relation between the imaged pixel value of the object in the second image and the reflectivity of the object.
The embodiment of the application also provides an acquiring system of the out-of-water reflectivity, which comprises a reference card, a shooting device and a processor.
In this embodiment, the reference card includes a plurality of gray-scale blocks, and the gray levels of the gray-scale blocks are different.
In this embodiment, the shooting device is used for shooting to obtain the first image and the second image.
Wherein the first image includes an image of a body of water and an image of a reference card and the second image includes an image of a sky and an image of a reference card.
In this embodiment, the processor is configured to implement each step of the method for obtaining the out-of-water reflectance.
It should be noted that the flow shown in fig. 1 and 3 can be applied to the system for acquiring the reflectivity of the out-of-water.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating an apparatus for acquiring an out-of-water reflectivity according to an embodiment of the present application, where as shown in fig. 4, the apparatus may include:
an image obtaining module 401, configured to obtain a first image and a second image, where the first image includes an image of a water body and an image of a reference card, the reference card includes a plurality of gray-scale color blocks, a gray level of each of the gray-scale color blocks is different, and the second image includes an image of the sky and an image of the reference card;
a first reflectivity obtaining module 402, configured to obtain a first reflectivity according to a pixel value of the imaging of the water body and a first parameter, where the first parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on a pixel value of the imaging of the multiple gray color blocks in the first image and a preset reflectivity of the multiple gray color blocks;
a second reflectivity obtaining module 403, configured to obtain a second reflectivity according to a pixel value of the image of the sky and a second parameter, where the second parameter is obtained by performing nonlinear fitting on a pixel value of the multiple gray color blocks imaged in a second image and a preset reflectivity of the multiple gray color blocks;
and an out-of-water reflectivity obtaining module 404, configured to obtain an out-of-water reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity.
Optionally, the first image is an image captured according to a preset first condition, where the first condition includes:
the first azimuth angle is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 180 degrees, the first day apex angle is larger than 30 degrees and smaller than 40 degrees, and the reference card is positioned in a first preset area of the image acquisition frame;
the first azimuth angle is an included angle between a vertical line of a lens plane of the shooting equipment and a connecting line of the lens and the sun when the shooting equipment shoots the first image; the first day apex angle is when the shooting equipment shoots the first image, the contained angle of camera lens plane and horizontal plane, first predetermined area is middle zone.
Optionally, the second image is an image captured according to a preset second condition, where the second condition includes:
the second azimuth angle is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 180 degrees, the second zenith angle is equal to 90 degrees, and the reference card is positioned in a preset second area of the image acquisition frame;
the second azimuth angle is an included angle between a vertical line of a lens plane of the shooting equipment and a connecting line of the lens and the sun when the shooting equipment shoots the second image; the second zenith angle is an included angle between the lens plane and the horizontal plane when the shooting equipment shoots the second image, and the second preset area is the lower half area.
Optionally, the obtaining the first reflectivity by the first reflectivity obtaining module according to the imaged pixel value of the water body and the first parameter includes: the first reflectivity acquisition module is specifically configured to:
acquiring the pixel value of the imaging of the water body and the pixel value of the imaging of each gray color block in the first image;
carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as the first parameter;
and taking the imaged pixel value of the water body as an input, and obtaining the output of the nonlinear fitting model with the first parameter as a model parameter as the first reflectivity.
Optionally, the second reflectivity obtaining module is configured to obtain a second reflectivity according to the pixel value of the image of the sky and a second parameter, and includes: the second reflectivity acquisition module is specifically configured to:
acquiring pixel values of the image of the sky and pixel values of each gray color block image in the second image;
carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as the second parameter;
taking the imaged pixel values of the sky as input, obtaining an output of the nonlinear fitting model with the second parameter as a model parameter as the second reflectivity.
Optionally, the preset nonlinear model includes: a power function model.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of the device for acquiring the water-leaving reflectivity, which may include: at least one processor 501, at least one communication interface 502, at least one memory 503, and at least one communication bus 504;
in the embodiment of the present application, the number of the processor 501, the communication interface 502, the memory 503 and the communication bus 504 is at least one, and the processor 501, the communication interface 502 and the memory 503 complete the communication with each other through the communication bus 504;
the processor 501 may be a central processing unit CPU, or an application Specific Integrated circuit asic, or one or more Integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention, etc.;
the memory 503 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may further include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory) or the like, such as at least one disk memory;
the processor can execute the program stored in the memory, and realize the steps of the method for acquiring the water-leaving reflectivity provided by the embodiment of the application, as follows:
a method of obtaining an out-of-water reflectivity comprising:
acquiring a first image and a second image, wherein the first image comprises imaging of a water body and imaging of a reference card, the reference card comprises a plurality of gray-scale color blocks, the gray scale of each gray-scale color block is different, and the second image comprises imaging of the sky and imaging of the reference card;
acquiring a first reflectivity according to the imaged pixel value of the water body and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of the gray color blocks in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
acquiring a second reflectivity according to the pixel value of the image of the sky and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the pixel value of the image of the gray color blocks in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
and acquiring the water-leaving reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity.
Optionally, the first image is an image captured according to a preset first condition, where the first condition includes:
the first azimuth angle is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 180 degrees, the first day apex angle is larger than 30 degrees and smaller than 40 degrees, and the reference card is positioned in a first preset area of the image acquisition frame;
the first azimuth angle is an included angle between a vertical line of a lens plane of the shooting equipment and a connecting line of the lens and the sun when the shooting equipment shoots the first image; the first day apex angle is when the shooting equipment shoots the first image, the contained angle of camera lens plane and horizontal plane, first predetermined area is middle zone.
Optionally, the second image is an image captured according to a preset second condition, where the second condition includes:
the second azimuth angle is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 180 degrees, the second zenith angle is equal to 90 degrees, and the reference card is positioned in a preset second area of the image acquisition frame;
the second azimuth angle is an included angle between a vertical line of a lens plane of the shooting equipment and a connecting line of the lens and the sun when the shooting equipment shoots the second image; the second zenith angle is an included angle between the lens plane and the horizontal plane when the shooting equipment shoots the second image, and the second preset area is the lower half area.
Optionally, obtaining the first reflectivity according to the imaged pixel value of the water body and the first parameter includes:
acquiring the pixel value of the imaging of the water body and the pixel value of the imaging of each gray color block in the first image;
carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as the first parameter;
and taking the imaged pixel value of the water body as an input, and obtaining the output of the nonlinear fitting model with the first parameter as a model parameter as the first reflectivity.
Optionally, the obtaining a second reflectivity from the imaged pixel value of the sky and a second parameter includes:
acquiring pixel values of the image of the sky and pixel values of each gray color block image in the second image;
carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as the second parameter;
taking the imaged pixel values of the sky as input, obtaining an output of the nonlinear fitting model with the second parameter as a model parameter as the second reflectivity.
Optionally, the preset nonlinear model includes: a power function model.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a readable storage medium, where the readable storage medium may store a computer program adapted to be executed by a processor, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the computer program implements the steps of the method for obtaining an isolated water reflectivity provided by the embodiments of the present application, as follows:
a method of obtaining an out-of-water reflectivity comprising:
acquiring a first image and a second image, wherein the first image comprises imaging of a water body and imaging of a reference card, the reference card comprises a plurality of gray-scale color blocks, the gray scale of each gray-scale color block is different, and the second image comprises imaging of the sky and imaging of the reference card;
acquiring a first reflectivity according to the imaged pixel value of the water body and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of the gray color blocks in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
acquiring a second reflectivity according to the pixel value of the image of the sky and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the pixel value of the image of the gray color blocks in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
and acquiring the water-leaving reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity.
Optionally, the first image is an image captured according to a preset first condition, where the first condition includes:
the first azimuth angle is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 180 degrees, the first day apex angle is larger than 30 degrees and smaller than 40 degrees, and the reference card is positioned in a first preset area of the image acquisition frame;
the first azimuth angle is an included angle between a vertical line of a lens plane of the shooting equipment and a connecting line of the lens and the sun when the shooting equipment shoots the first image; the first day apex angle is when the shooting equipment shoots the first image, the contained angle of camera lens plane and horizontal plane, first predetermined area is middle zone.
Optionally, the second image is an image captured according to a preset second condition, where the second condition includes:
the second azimuth angle is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 180 degrees, the second zenith angle is equal to 90 degrees, and the reference card is positioned in a preset second area of the image acquisition frame;
the second azimuth angle is an included angle between a vertical line of a lens plane of the shooting equipment and a connecting line of the lens and the sun when the shooting equipment shoots the second image; the second zenith angle is an included angle between the lens plane and the horizontal plane when the shooting equipment shoots the second image, and the second preset area is the lower half area.
Optionally, obtaining the first reflectivity according to the imaged pixel value of the water body and the first parameter includes:
acquiring the pixel value of the imaging of the water body and the pixel value of the imaging of each gray color block in the first image;
carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as the first parameter;
and taking the imaged pixel value of the water body as an input, and obtaining the output of the nonlinear fitting model with the first parameter as a model parameter as the first reflectivity.
Optionally, the obtaining a second reflectivity from the imaged pixel value of the sky and a second parameter includes:
acquiring pixel values of the image of the sky and pixel values of each gray color block image in the second image;
carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as the second parameter;
taking the imaged pixel values of the sky as input, obtaining an output of the nonlinear fitting model with the second parameter as a model parameter as the second reflectivity.
Optionally, the preset nonlinear model includes: a power function model.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for obtaining an off-water reflectance, comprising:
acquiring a first image and a second image, wherein the first image comprises imaging of a water body and imaging of a reference card, the reference card comprises a plurality of gray-scale color blocks, the gray scale of each gray-scale color block is different, and the second image comprises imaging of the sky and imaging of the reference card;
acquiring a first reflectivity according to the imaged pixel value of the water body and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of the gray color blocks in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
acquiring a second reflectivity according to the pixel value of the image of the sky and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the pixel value of the image of the gray color blocks in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
and acquiring the water-leaving reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first image is an image captured according to a preset first condition, and the first condition includes:
the first azimuth angle is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 180 degrees, the first day apex angle is larger than 30 degrees and smaller than 40 degrees, and the reference card is positioned in a first preset area of the image acquisition frame;
the first azimuth angle is an included angle between a vertical line of a lens plane of the shooting equipment and a connecting line of the lens and the sun when the shooting equipment shoots the first image; the first day apex angle is when the shooting equipment shoots the first image, the contained angle of camera lens plane and horizontal plane, first predetermined area is middle zone.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second image is an image captured according to a preset second condition, and the second condition includes:
the second azimuth angle is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than 180 degrees, the second zenith angle is equal to 90 degrees, and the reference card is positioned in a preset second area of the image acquisition frame;
the second azimuth angle is an included angle between a vertical line of a lens plane of the shooting equipment and a connecting line of the lens and the sun when the shooting equipment shoots the second image; the second zenith angle is an included angle between the lens plane and the horizontal plane when the shooting equipment shoots the second image, and the second preset area is the lower half area.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining a first reflectivity from the imaged pixel values and a first parameter of the body of water comprises:
acquiring the pixel value of the imaging of the water body and the pixel value of the imaging of each gray color block in the first image;
carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as the first parameter;
and taking the imaged pixel value of the water body as an input, and obtaining the output of the nonlinear fitting model with the first parameter as a model parameter as the first reflectivity.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said obtaining a second reflectivity from pixel values of the imaging of the sky and a second parameter comprises:
acquiring pixel values of the image of the sky and pixel values of each gray color block image in the second image;
carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of each gray color block in the second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color block to obtain a model parameter in a preset nonlinear fitting model as the second parameter;
taking the imaged pixel values of the sky as input, obtaining an output of the nonlinear fitting model with the second parameter as a model parameter as the second reflectivity.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the preset non-linear model comprises: a power function model.
7. An acquiring system of an out-of-water reflectivity, comprising: a reference card, a photographing apparatus, and a processor;
the reference card comprises a plurality of gray color blocks, and the gray levels of the gray color blocks are different;
the shooting device is used for shooting to obtain a first image and a second image, the first image comprises an image of a water body and an image of the reference card, and the second image comprises an image of the sky and an image of the reference card;
the processor is used for realizing the steps of the method for acquiring the out-of-water reflectivity as set forth in any one of claims 1-6.
8. An apparatus for obtaining an off-water reflectance, comprising:
an image acquisition module, configured to acquire a first image and a second image, where the first image includes an image of a water body and an image of a reference card, the reference card includes a plurality of gray-scale color blocks, a gray level of each of the gray-scale color blocks is different, and the second image includes an image of the sky and an image of the reference card;
the first reflectivity obtaining module is used for obtaining a first reflectivity according to the imaged pixel value of the water body and a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the imaged pixel value of the gray color blocks in a first image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
the second reflectivity obtaining module is used for obtaining a second reflectivity according to the pixel values of the image of the sky and a second parameter, wherein the second parameter is obtained by carrying out nonlinear fitting on the pixel values of the image of the gray color blocks in a second image and the preset reflectivity of the gray color blocks;
and the water leaving reflectivity acquisition module is used for acquiring the water leaving reflectivity according to the first reflectivity and the second reflectivity.
9. An apparatus for obtaining an off-water reflectance, comprising: a memory and a processor;
the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor is used for executing the program to realize the steps of the method for acquiring the out-of-water reflectivity as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of acquiring an off-water reflectance according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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