CN112928944B - Wave energy power generation device based on friction nanometer generator - Google Patents
Wave energy power generation device based on friction nanometer generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN112928944B CN112928944B CN202110098817.7A CN202110098817A CN112928944B CN 112928944 B CN112928944 B CN 112928944B CN 202110098817 A CN202110098817 A CN 202110098817A CN 112928944 B CN112928944 B CN 112928944B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Abstract
The invention relates to an energy collecting device, in particular to a high-performance wave energy power generation device based on a friction nano generator. The device installs a plurality of friction power generation units of different mode in hollow cylinder shell internally, has greatly increased the vice effective area of contact of friction, through the effective design of guide rail slider, can convert the wave energy of wide, low frequency and the random peak value of distribution in the complicated marine environment into the electric energy that can be stored and directly utilized. Different friction power generation units are connected in parallel through a conducting wire, a plurality of wave energy collecting devices are connected in parallel through a rectifying circuit to form an ocean wave energy power generation network system, and therefore different phases of currents of different devices can be effectively solved, and the output performance of ocean wave energy can be improved. The device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high output power and stable output performance, and has great practical significance in the field of irregular ocean wave energy collection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy collecting device, in particular to a wave energy power generation device based on a friction nano generator.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous acceleration of the exploitation of fossil energy on the earth, energy is always a key problem to be solved urgently in the present society, and the development and utilization of green renewable energy become more and more important. Among them, wave energy is a renewable energy source expected to be applied in a large scale due to its wide distribution in the world and the kinetic and potential energy of ocean surface waves. After decades of development, the collection of ocean energy by using the traditional electromagnetic induction method still has more challenges, mainly because of the low frequency and low amplitude of ocean wave energy, the random wave crest characteristics, the high cost and the installation problems of the device, and the like. The high efficiency of the friction nano-generator at low frequency is incomparable with the same technology. The friction nano generator is a novel energy collection technology based on friction electrification and electrostatic induction principles, can effectively convert low-frequency and low-amplitude mechanical energy into electric energy, provides a new way for realizing large-scale collection of ocean energy, and is an important development direction of future micro-nano energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an energy collecting device based on a friction nano generator, which adopts a plurality of friction generating units with different working modes arranged in a sealed hollow cylindrical shell to directly convert wave energy into electric signals, thereby improving the generating performance of the friction nano generator and improving the output power. The invention can be used for large-scale ocean energy collection, can effectively convert widely distributed ocean low-frequency and large-area wave energy into storable electric energy, has simple and reliable structure, light weight and low cost, and has certain practical value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
wave energy high efficiency power generation facility based on friction nanometer generator, including hollow cylinder shell, fan-shaped column slider, guide rail, a plurality of different mode's friction electricity generation unit and wire, a plurality of friction electricity generation unit seal installation just by wire parallel connection in hollow cylinder shell form seal chamber, wherein:
the invention provides a wave energy power generation device based on a friction nano generator, which is characterized by comprising a hollow cylindrical shell, guide rails, a fan-shaped cylindrical sliding block, a first friction power generation unit and a second friction power generation unit, wherein the guide rails are positioned in the hollow cylindrical shell and are rigidly connected with two bottom surfaces of the shell; the first friction power generation unit comprises 4 friction nano generators respectively corresponding to the inner surface of the hollow cylindrical shell and the sector cylindrical sliding block; each friction nano generator comprises a fan-shaped cylindrical sliding block, a buffer layer, a first friction layer and a second friction layer, wherein the fan-shaped cylindrical sliding block is positioned on the guide rail and is in sliding connection with the guide rail; the second friction electricity generation unit includes 2 friction nanometer generators that are located on two inside bottom surfaces of hollow cylinder shell: each friction nano generator comprises a second electrode layer, a third friction layer, a spacing layer, a fourth friction layer and an electrode substrate, wherein the second electrode layer is positioned on two bottom surfaces in the hollow cylindrical shell, the third friction layer is positioned on the second electrode layer, the spacing layer is positioned on the third friction layer, the fourth friction layer is positioned on the spacing layer and faces the third friction layer, and the electrode substrate is positioned on the fourth friction layer; the first friction power generation unit is an independent layer mode friction nano generator, and the second friction power generation unit is a vertical contact-separation mode friction nano generator.
Preferably, the hollow cylindrical shell and the fan-shaped cylindrical sliding block are made of acrylic materials.
Preferably, the length of the hollow cylindrical shell is 150mm, the inner diameter is 70mm, and the outer diameter is 72-75 mm. The length of the fan-shaped columnar slide block is 70-72mm, and the diameter is 40 mm.
Preferably, the second friction layers are equidistantly arranged on the curved surface in the hollow cylindrical shell, and the central angles of the second friction layers are equal and are all 60-75 degrees.
Preferably, the length of the second friction layer is 68-70mm, and the distance is 1mm-10 mm.
Preferably, the second friction layer, the second electrode layer and the fourth friction layer are made of a metal conductive film or a single layer of conductive material with weak electron-binding capacity, such as copper, aluminum film and the like commonly used in a triboelectric series.
Preferably, the first friction layer and the third friction layer are made of a non-metallic insulating material with a strong electron-binding capacity, such as Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or polyimide (Kapton) film, and the thickness of each of the first friction layer and the third friction layer is 200 μm-1 mm.
Preferably, the second friction layer, the second electrode layer and the fourth friction layer are copper and aluminum films, and the thicknesses of the copper and aluminum films are 200 μm-1 mm.
The film surfaces of the first friction layer and the second friction layer are in sliding contact.
Preferably, the surface of the fourth friction layer can be processed with a micro-pattern on the surface thereof by a photolithography process to increase the output performance of the strong friction power generation unit.
Preferably, the buffer layer is made of chemical corrosion resistant polyethylene foam tape material, and the thickness is 12-14 mm.
Preferably, the second friction power generation unit on the two bottom surfaces of the hollow cylindrical shell is in a hollow cylindrical cavity structure, and the interlayer material is an insulating polymer with double-sided adhesive and has a thickness of 500 μm-2mm, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polyethylene (PE), or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
Preferably, the electrode substrate is made of polyimide (Kapton) film material, and the thickness of the electrode substrate is 200 μm-1 mm.
Preferably, the wave energy efficient power generation first friction power generation unit and the second friction power generation unit based on the friction nano-generator are connected in parallel through wires to form a network-shaped wave energy power generation device.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention utilizes the coupling effect of friction acting electricity and static electricity induction. When no external force is applied, the fan-shaped columnar sliding block cannot slide relatively on the guide rail, the friction layer on the sliding block is completely superposed with the electrode layer on the side surface of the hollow cylindrical shell, and no electric charge is generated on the surfaces of the friction layer and the electrode layer. And under the action of external waves, the slide block slides on the guide rail in a reciprocating manner, and when the slide block moves until the friction layer is completely overlapped with the leftmost electrode layer, as shown in fig. 4, positive charges in all loops are attracted to the inner surface of the leftmost electrode. When the slider slides on the guide rail from left to right, the contact area of the two friction materials is reduced, and electrons in an external circuit flow from the right electrode to the left electrode through a load. When the slider is moved to coincide with the right electrode, all electrons flow into the left electrode. Then, when the wave pushes the slider to move from right to left on the guide rail, electrons flow from the left electrode to the right electrode in an external circuit, so that an opposite current is obtained. This is one complete duty cycle of the independent layer mode tribo nanogenerator. When the sliding block moves to the extreme positions at the two ends of the guide rail, the sliding block can impact the friction nanometer generators at the two ends to generate electricity through friction, and the electricity generating device is a vertical contact-separation mode friction nanometer generator. Under the effect of no external force, the power generation device is of a hollow cylindrical cavity structure under the effect of the spacing layer, the third friction layer and the fourth friction layer are effectively separated, an air gap is formed between the two surfaces, the two friction materials are not mutually contacted at the moment, and no potential difference exists between the second electrode layer and the fourth friction layer which can be used as the electrode layer. When the sliding block moves to the positions of two ends, the electrode substrate deforms due to the existence of external mechanical force, so that the third friction layer is in contact with the fourth friction layer, and the surface charge transfer is caused. And when the sliding block moves towards the center under the action of external waves and restoring forces of the power generation devices at the two ends, the spacing layer and the metal bracket tend to return to the original positions due to the elasticity of the materials. The potential difference between the two electrodes drives the external circuit to generate current and the current flows from the metal electrode with the electrode support to the second electrode layer on the back of the third friction layer. When the slide block applies pressure to the power generation devices at the two ends again, the distance between the two friction materials is reduced, and the current flows in the opposite direction.
The invention provides a friction nano generator for collecting ocean wave energy, which has the advantages of simple structural design, large output current and voltage and low manufacturing cost, the output performance can be controlled by adjusting the structural parameters of devices, the ocean wave energy can be effectively collected, the alternating current of the friction nano generator can be converted into the direct current by combining a rectifier, and further energy storage elements such as a capacitor and a battery can be charged, and finally, the power supply for electronic devices is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through the structural design of the hollow cylindrical cavity, the friction nano generator effectively combines a plurality of independent layer modes and vertical contact-separation modes, greatly increases the effective contact area between friction pairs in the working period of the friction nano generator, and greatly improves the output performance of the friction nano generator.
2. According to the invention, a plurality of power generation devices are connected in parallel through the conducting wire to form a network-shaped power generation system according to specific marine environment and actual requirements, so that the energy collection of marine wave energy can be effectively improved.
3. The invention can be matched with energy storage devices such as a capacitor, a battery and the like to form a self-powered system, and can directly convert collected ocean wave energy into electric energy to continuously drive various small electronic devices.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a friction nanogenerator for collecting ocean wave energy according to the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a first friction power generating unit of the device.
Fig. 3 shows a second friction power generating unit of the apparatus.
In the figure, 1, a hollow cylindrical shell 2, a guide rail 3, a fan-shaped cylindrical sliding block 4, a buffer layer 5, a first friction layer 6, a second friction layer 7 and a first friction power generation unit are arranged.
In the figure 8-second electrode layer 9-third friction layer 10-spacing layer 11-fourth friction layer 12-electrode substrate 13-second friction power generation unit.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first friction power generation unit of the device.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second friction power generation unit of the device.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the friction nano-generator for collecting wave energy in this embodiment includes a hollow cylindrical housing 1, a guide rail 2 located inside the hollow cylindrical housing 1 and rigidly connected to two sides of the hollow cylindrical housing, a first friction power generation unit 7, and a second friction power generation unit 13. The housing in this embodiment is a hollow cylinder including a curved surface (side surface) and two bottom surfaces. The first friction power generation unit 7 includes 4 friction nano-generators in independent layer mode, further, the first friction power generation unit 7 includes a fan-shaped cylindrical slider 3 slidably connected on the guide rail 2, a buffer layer 4 on the surface of the fan-shaped cylindrical slider 3, a first friction layer 5 on the surface of the buffer layer 4, and a second friction layer 6 tightly combined with the inner wall of the housing and facing the first friction layer 5, and the second friction layer 6 serves as both a friction layer and an electrode layer, as shown in fig. 1. The second friction power generation unit includes 2 friction nanogenerators in a vertical-contact separation mode. Further, the second friction power generation unit 13 includes a second electrode layer 8 located on two bottom surfaces of the cylindrical housing and tightly connected to the bottom surfaces, a third friction layer 9 located on the surface of the second electrode layer 8, a spacing layer 10 on the third friction layer 9, and a third electrode layer 11 tightly connected to the electrode substrate 12 on the back surface and connected to the spacing layer 10 opposite to the third friction layer 9, where the third electrode layer 11 serves as both an electrode layer and a friction layer, as shown in fig. 2. A total of 6 power generation units as described in fig. 1 and 2 are mounted within a cylindrical housing and connected in parallel by wires.
According to the wave energy collecting device, by utilizing the principle of contact of two materials to generate electricity and electrostatic induction, when the whole device is unbalanced due to the pushing action of wave crests, the fan-shaped cylindrical sliding block 3 in the device can slide to the lower end of the device from the higher end along the guide rail 2, and the sliding block slides back and forth under the action of low-frequency and random wave crests. The first friction layer 5 on the buffer layer 4 on the surface of the fan-shaped columnar sliding block 3 and the second friction layer 6 distributed on the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical shell are in continuous contact separation motion, according to a contact electrification effect, the two friction layers can generate electron transfer on the contact surfaces of the two friction layers due to different electron binding capacities of the two friction layers, further, when the two friction layers are separated, an induced potential difference is generated between electrode layers, alternately flowing current is generated in an external circuit, and the first friction power generation unit 7 in an independent layer mode is adopted for generating power; when the sliding block 3 slides to and fro to two sides along the guide rail 2, the sliding block 3 applies pressure on the metal electrode substrates 12 at two sides, so that the third friction layer 9 and the fourth friction layer 11 are in contact separation, and the second friction generating unit 13 adopts a vertical-contact separation mode according to the principles of friction electrification and electrostatic induction.
The invention utilizes the design of the guide rail sliding block in the hollow cylindrical shell, has the advantages of simple structural design, low cost, convenient preparation, high output power, stable output performance and the like, effectively converts ocean wave energy with wide distribution, low frequency and random wave peak value into electric energy which can be utilized by combining the friction nano generator with an independent layer and a vertical-contact separation mode, and further can combine a super capacitor for storage or directly provide continuous electric energy supply for ocean electronic equipment.
The structure and the shape of the device are not limited in the text, and in a complex marine environment, the device can be modified into a prism structure or a polyhedron structure on the basis of the structure and the shape so as to obtain more friction pairs and effective friction areas and further obtain higher output performance; or the rotating cylinder structure is designed by modification, and the collecting of the rotating mechanical energy or wind energy is realized by the coaxial structure design of the shell and the core. A plurality of wave energy collecting devices can be connected into a parallel structure through a lead, output current is rectified through a rectifying circuit, and the stability of the output current of the multiple devices can be effectively improved in a complex marine environment.
Claims (10)
1. A wave energy power generation device based on a friction nano generator is characterized by comprising a hollow cylindrical shell, guide rails, fan-shaped cylindrical sliding blocks, a first friction power generation unit and a second friction power generation unit, wherein the guide rails are positioned in the hollow cylindrical shell and are rigidly connected with two bottom surfaces of the shell; the first friction power generation unit comprises 4 friction nano generators respectively corresponding to the inner surface of the hollow cylindrical shell and the sector cylindrical sliding block; each friction nano generator comprises a fan-shaped cylindrical sliding block, a buffer layer, a first friction layer and a second friction layer, wherein the fan-shaped cylindrical sliding block is positioned on the guide rail and is in sliding connection with the guide rail; the second friction electricity generation unit includes 2 friction nanometer generators that are located on two inside bottom surfaces of hollow cylinder shell: each friction nano generator comprises a second electrode layer, a third friction layer, a spacing layer, a fourth friction layer and an electrode substrate, wherein the second electrode layer is positioned on two bottom surfaces in the hollow cylindrical shell, the third friction layer is positioned on the second electrode layer, the spacing layer is positioned on the third friction layer, the fourth friction layer is positioned on the spacing layer and faces the third friction layer, and the electrode substrate is positioned on the fourth friction layer; the first friction power generation unit is an independent layer mode friction nano generator, and the second friction power generation unit is a vertical contact-separation mode friction nano generator.
2. The wave energy power generation device based on the friction nano-generator as defined in claim 1, wherein the hollow cylindrical housing and the fan-shaped cylindrical slider are made of acrylic material; the hollow cylindrical shell has the length of 150mm, the inner diameter of 70mm and the outer diameter of 72-75 mm; the length of the fan-shaped columnar slide block is 70-72mm, and the diameter is 40 mm.
3. The wave energy power generation device based on the friction nanogenerator as defined in claim 1, wherein the second friction layers are equidistantly arranged on the curved surface in the hollow cylindrical shell, and the central angles of the second friction layers are equal and are all 60-75 degrees; the length of the second friction layer is 68-70mm, and the distance is 1mm-10 mm.
4. The wave energy power generation device based on the friction nanogenerator as defined in claim 1, wherein the second friction layer, the second electrode layer and the fourth friction layer are made of metal conductive films or single-layer conductive materials with weak electron-binding capacity; the first friction layer and the third friction layer are made of non-metal insulating materials with strong electron binding capacity.
5. The wave energy power generation device based on the friction nano-generator as defined in claim 4, wherein the second friction layer, the second electrode layer and the fourth friction layer are made of copper or aluminum films, and the thicknesses of the copper or aluminum films are 200 μm-1 mm; the first friction layer and the third friction layer are made of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or polyimide (Kapton) films, and the thicknesses of the first friction layer and the third friction layer are 200 mu m-1 mm.
6. A friction nanogenerator based wave energy generation device as defined in claim 1, wherein the first friction layer and the second friction layer are in sliding contact with each other on the surface of the film; the surface of the fourth friction layer can be processed with micro patterns through a photoetching process so as to improve the output performance of the strong friction power generation unit; the buffer layer is made of chemical corrosion resistant polyethylene foam adhesive tape material, and the thickness of the buffer layer is 12-14 mm.
7. The wave energy power generation device based on the friction nanogenerator as defined in claim 1, wherein the second friction power generation unit on the two bottom surfaces of the hollow cylindrical shell is in a hollow cylindrical cavity structure, and the material of the interlayer is insulating polymer with double-sided adhesive and has the thickness of 500 μm-2 mm.
8. A friction nanogenerator-based wave energy power generation device as defined in claim 7, wherein the material of the spacer layer is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polyethylene (PE) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
9. A friction nanogenerator-based wave energy power generation device as defined in claim 1, wherein the electrode substrate is made of polyimide (Kapton) film material and has a thickness of 200 μm-1 mm.
10. The wave energy power generation device based on the friction nano generator as defined in claim 1, wherein the first friction power generation unit and the second friction power generation unit are respectively connected in parallel through a lead and then connected to form a network-shaped wave energy power generation device.
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| CN113270933B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-09-16 | 上海大学 | Triboelectricity-electromagnetism composite energy collecting device based on paper folding structure |
| CN114151263B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-10-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Wave energy-light energy hybrid power generation device |
| CN114362584B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-07-14 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Ocean energy friction nano power generation device |
| CN114374336B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2024-04-19 | 上海大学 | Umbrella-shaped four-electrode wave energy collecting friction nano generator |
| CN114483427A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-13 | 武汉理工大学 | Mechanical energy conversion device based on friction nanometer power generation technology |
| CN114483423B (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-10-18 | 中国海洋大学 | Bistable friction electrification wave power generation device |
| CN114400922A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-04-26 | 厦门大学 | Solid-solid/solid-liquid contact composite friction nano generator |
| CN114738173B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2024-03-29 | 大连海事大学 | Wave energy collection device based on friction nano generator |
| CN115199461B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2023-07-25 | 广东海洋大学 | High-power output type wave energy power generation device based on friction nano generator |
| CN117639544A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-03-01 | 广东海洋大学 | Electromagnetic and liquid-solid friction composite nano generator based on wave energy and power generation system |
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| EP3429075B1 (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2020-10-28 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Element, cell, and power generation device |
| US10804818B2 (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2020-10-13 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Triboelectric generator and network for mechanical energy harvesting |
| CN109004857A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-14 | 集美大学 | A kind of wave energy triboelectricity equipment with adaptive clamping device |
| CN110601585A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-20 | 江苏大学 | High-performance friction nano generator for collecting wave energy |
| CN111911333B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-09-17 | 浙江大学 | High-efficiency piezoelectric control type nanometer friction wave power generation device |
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