CN112926219B - Mismatch loss calculation method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a mismatch loss calculation method, a mismatch loss calculation device, mismatch loss calculation equipment and a storage medium. Dividing the back surface of the double-sided assembly to obtain at least one area; the back surface of the double-sided assembly is the surface of the double-sided assembly, which is opposite to the light source; for each region, determining an ideal irradiance for the region in the back unsupported state and an actual irradiance for the region in the back supported state; the mismatch loss of the backside is determined based on the ideal irradiance of each region and the actual irradiance of each region. According to the technical scheme, a new thought is provided for calculating the mismatch loss of the back surface of the double-sided assembly, and meanwhile, through evaluating the shielding influence of the support on the double-sided assembly, the support is provided for the related system design of subsequently improving the generated energy.

Description

A mismatch loss calculation method, device, equipment and storage medium

Technical Field

The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of solar energy technology, and in particular to a mismatch loss calculation method, device, equipment and storage medium.

Background Art

Unlike conventional single-sided photovoltaic modules, bifacial modules can be a type of solar module that can generate electricity on both the front and back sides. The amount of radiation received by the back of a bifacial module is affected by installation conditions, such as installation height, front and rear row spacing, installation inclination, and ground scene reflectivity. Under ideal installation conditions (no support on the back), due to the different viewing angles of the ground to different positions on the back of the module, the irradiation on the back of the bifacial module is unevenly distributed. Under non-ideal conditions, the uneven radiation on the back of the bifacial module is blocked by supports (such as brackets, cement piers), which will aggravate the uneven distribution of the back of the module and further expand the mismatch loss on the back of the bifacial module.

In the case of traditional photovoltaic module power generation, back-side power generation also needs to be considered. However, due to the installation conditions, the back-side irradiation of the bifacial module is unevenly distributed, which in turn causes mismatch losses. In the prior art, when calculating the mismatch loss of bifacial power generation modules, only the loss of the entire photovoltaic module is considered, and the back-side mismatch loss caused by the installation conditions of the bifacial module is not considered separately, or only the mismatch loss of the bifacial group under the ideal installation state is considered, and the mismatch loss caused by obstructions such as brackets is not considered.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides a mismatch loss calculation method, device, equipment and storage medium to achieve accurate calculation of the mismatch loss on the back side of a bifacial component.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a mismatch loss calculation method, including:

Divide the back side of the double-sided component to obtain at least one area; wherein the back side of the double-sided component is the side of the double-sided component that is away from the light source;

For each area, determining the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back side and the actual irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back side;

The mismatch loss of the back surface is determined according to the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a mismatch loss calculation device, including:

A region determination module, used to divide the back side of the bifacial component to obtain at least one region; wherein the back side of the bifacial component is the side of the bifacial component that is away from the light source;

An irradiance determination module, for determining, for each region, an ideal irradiance of the region when there is no support on the back side, and an actual irradiance of the region when there is a support on the back side;

The mismatch loss determination module is used to determine the mismatch loss of the back surface according to the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including:

one or more processors;

A memory for storing one or more programs;

When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the mismatch loss calculation method provided in any embodiment of the present application.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, a mismatch loss calculation method as provided in any embodiment of the present application is implemented.

The technical solution of this embodiment divides the back of the bifacial module to obtain at least one area, and then for each area, determines the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back, and the actual irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back, and then determines the mismatch loss on the back according to the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area. The above technical solution introduces the actual irradiance when there is a support on the back, making the calculation of the loss characteristics of the back of the bifacial module more accurate, providing a new idea for the calculation of the mismatch loss on the back of the bifacial module, and at the same time, by evaluating the shading effect of the support on the bifacial module, it provides support for the subsequent design of related systems to increase power generation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1A is a flow chart of a mismatch loss calculation method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG1B is a schematic diagram of installing a double-sided module in a state where there is no support on the back provided in Example 1 of the present application;

FIG1C is a schematic diagram of the installation of a double-sided module with a support on the back provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

FIG2A is a flow chart of a mismatch loss calculation method provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

FIG2B is an ideal irradiance distribution diagram of each area in a state where there is no support on the back provided in Example 2 of the present application;

FIG2C is a diagram showing the actual irradiance distribution of each region in a state where there is a support on the back provided in Example 2 of the present application;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mismatch loss calculation device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present application, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1

FIG1A is a flow chart of a mismatch loss calculation method provided in the first embodiment of the present application; this embodiment can be applied to the case of mismatch loss calculation on the back side of a bifacial module, and is particularly applicable to the case of mismatch loss calculation on the back side of a bifacial module under the condition of support shielding. The method can be executed by a mismatch loss calculation device, which is implemented by software/hardware and can be integrated into an electronic device that carries the mismatch loss calculation function, such as a server.

As shown in FIG. 1A , the method specifically comprises:

S110, dividing the back side of the bifacial module into at least one area.

Among them, the so-called bifacial component is a component that can generate electricity on both sides, such as a solar panel. Optionally, the bifacial component includes a direct side and a back side. The direct side refers to the side of the bifacial component that directly faces the light source (i.e., sunlight) after the bifacial component is installed at the set position, and can directly receive sunlight; correspondingly, the so-called back side refers to the side of the bifacial component opposite to the direct side, that is, the side of the bifacial component that is away from the light source after the bifacial component is installed at the set position.

Optionally, the back side can be divided according to the type of the component on the back side to obtain at least one area. The component types mainly include 5*11 format, 6*12 format and 6*10 format, etc. The arrangement of the cells on the back side of the bifacial components of different component types is different, and the number of cells is also different. Then, the back side is divided according to the type of the component on the back side, and the back side is divided according to the arrangement of the cells and/or the number of cells on the back side to obtain at least one area.

For example, the bifacial module can be divided into regions according to each row of cells as a unit. Taking the 6*12 full-cell module as an example, the back side can be divided into 13 regions, 12 of which are for each row of cells and the other is for the middle junction box area; and so on, the 6*10 full-cell module is divided into 11 regions.

S120. For each region, determine the ideal irradiance of the region when there is no support on the back side, and the actual irradiance of the region when there is a support on the back side.

The irradiance refers to the radiation flux on the surface of the irradiated object, and the unit is W/m ^2. The irradiance characterizes the amount of radiation energy received on the surface irradiated by the radiation energy, that is, the radiation flux density on the irradiated surface.

In this embodiment, the back of the bifacial module faces away from the light source, so the back cannot be directly irradiated by the light source, but can be irradiated by light reflected from the ground and scattered light in the air. Furthermore, for any area, the ideal irradiance refers to the radiation flux received per unit area of the area after receiving the scattered light in the atmosphere and the reflected light from the ground when there is no support on the back of the module; correspondingly, the actual irradiance refers to the radiation flux received per unit area of the area after receiving the scattered light in the atmosphere and the reflected light from the ground when there is a support on the back of the module.

Optionally, in this embodiment, for each area, the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back and the actual irradiance of the area when there is support on the back can be determined based on the ground scattered reflection irradiance, direct ground reflection irradiance and air scattered irradiance of the area.

Among them, for each area, the ground scattered reflection irradiance refers to the radiation flux received by the area when the scattered light in the atmosphere reaches the ground and is reflected by the ground to the back of the component; the ground direct reflection irradiance refers to the radiation flux received by the area when the direct light in the atmosphere reaches the ground and is reflected by the ground to the back of the component; the air scattered irradiance refers to the radiation flux received by the area when the scattered light in the atmosphere directly enters the back of the component.

For example, FIG1B shows a schematic diagram of the installation of a double-sided module in a state where there is no support on the back side, and FIG1C shows a schematic diagram of the installation of a double-sided module in a state where there is a support on the back side, wherein 1 in FIG1B and FIG1C both represents scattered light in the atmosphere directly irradiated on the back side of the double-sided module, 4 in FIG1B and FIG1C both represent scattered light in the atmosphere, 2 in FIG1B and FIG1C both represent reflected light from the scattered light in the atmosphere reflected from the ground to the back side of the double-sided module, 5 in FIG1B and FIG1C both represent direct light in the atmosphere, and 3 in FIG1B and FIG1C both represent reflected light from the direct light in the atmosphere reflected from the ground to the back side of the double-sided module.

For example, when there is no support on the back, for each area, the ideal ground scattered reflection irradiance, the ideal ground direct reflection irradiance and the ideal air scattered irradiance of the area are added together to obtain the ideal irradiance of the area. Specifically, the ideal irradiance of the area can be determined by the following formula:

_Gri = _{Gscattering reflection-i} + Gdirect _reflection-i + Gair _scattering-i

Wherein, G _ri is the ideal irradiance of the i-th area on the back of the bifacial module without any support shielding, G _{scattered reflection-i} is the ideal ground scattered reflection irradiance of the i-th area on the back of the bifacial module without any support shielding, G _{direct reflection-i} is the ideal ground direct reflection irradiance of the i-th area on the back of the module without any support shielding, G _{aerial scattered-i} is the ideal aerial scattered irradiance of the i-th area on the back of the module without any support shielding, i is 1, 2, 3, …, n+1, n is the number of rows of cells, and n+1 is the total number of areas.

For example, when there is a support on the back, for each area, the actual ground scattered reflection irradiance, the actual ground direct reflection irradiance and the actual air scattered irradiance of the area are added together to obtain the actual irradiance of the area. Specifically, the actual irradiance of the area can be determined by the following formula:

_Grz-i = _{Gscattering reflection zi} + _{Gdirect reflection zi} + Gair _{scattering zi} ,

Wherein, _Grz-i is the actual irradiance of the i-th area on the back of the bifacial module when it is shielded by a support, Gscattering _{reflection zi} is the actual ground scattered reflection irradiance of the i-th area on the back when it is shielded by a support, Gdirect _{reflection zi} is the actual ground direct reflection irradiance of the i-th area on the back when it is shielded by a support, Gair _{scattering zi} is the actual air scattered irradiance of the i-th area on the back when it is shielded by a support, i is 1, 2, 3, …, n+1, n is the number of rows of cells, and n+1 is the total number of areas.

S130 , determining the mismatch loss of the back surface according to the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area.

Among them, mismatch loss refers to the mismatch caused by the cells in the bifacial module being exposed to different light.

In this embodiment, according to the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area, the mismatch loss of the back surface is determined, which can be divided into the following three steps:

The first step is to determine the ideal power of the back side when it is unsupported based on the ideal irradiance of each area.

First, the ideal open circuit voltage of each area when the back is unsupported is determined based on the ideal irradiance of each area. Specifically, when the back is unsupported, for each area, the ideal open circuit voltage and ideal photocurrent of the area can be determined based on the ideal open circuit voltage under standard test conditions, the ideal irradiance of the area, etc. For example, the ideal open circuit voltage of the area can be calculated by the following formula:

Wherein, V _oc-i is the ideal open-circuit voltage when the ideal irradiance of the ith region is G _ri ; V _oc-STC is the ideal open-circuit voltage of the bifacial component under standard test conditions (STC); I _ph-i is the ideal photocurrent when the ideal irradiance of the ith region is G _ri ; I _ph-STC is the ideal photocurrent of the bifacial component under standard test conditions (STC); K _b is an empirical coefficient, for example, it can be 0.0000862; T is the operating temperature of the bifacial component.

After determining the ideal open circuit voltage and ideal photocurrent of each region, for each region, the ideal operating voltage and ideal operating current of the region when the back is unsupported can be determined based on the ideal open circuit voltage and ideal photocurrent of the region. Specifically, the ideal IV curve of the region when the back is unsupported can be determined by the current-voltage equation of the photovoltaic module. For example, it can be determined by the following formula:

Among them, _Vi is the ideal operating voltage of the i-th region when the back side is unsupported, _Ii is the ideal operating current of the i-th region when the back side is unsupported, _Iph-i is the ideal photocurrent of the i-th region when the back side is unsupported, _I0 is the reverse saturation current of the diode, B is the ideal factor of the diode, _VT is the thermal voltage, and Rs is the series resistance of the photovoltaic module.

After determining the ideal operating voltage and ideal operating current of each region, the ideal power of the back surface when the back surface is unsupported can be determined according to the ideal operating voltage and ideal operating current of each region. Specifically, for each region, the ideal power of the back surface when the back surface is unsupported can be obtained by calculating each IV curve of the region in a series or parallel structure.

Furthermore, the cells with uneven irradiation distribution in various areas on the back of the bifacial component can be connected in series or in parallel. Without considering the component losses other than the mismatch of battery electrical performance, the ideal power of the back side when the back side is unsupported can be determined based on the ideal working current and ideal working voltage of the bifacial components after the series or parallel connection. Among them, the ideal working current of the bifacial component after the series connection is the minimum working current after the ideal working currents of each area are connected in series, and the ideal working voltage of the bifacial component after the series connection is the superposition of the working voltages corresponding to the ideal working currents of each area; the ideal working voltage of the bifacial component after the parallel connection is the minimum working voltage after the ideal working voltages of each area are connected in parallel, and the ideal working current of the bifacial component after the parallel connection is the superposition of the working currents corresponding to the ideal working voltages of each area. For example, the ideal power of the back side can be determined by the following formula:

Wherein, P _l is the ideal power of the back side when the back side is unsupported, I is the ideal operating current of the components after series connection, V ₁ , V ₂ , … , V _n+1 are the ideal operating voltages of each region, and I ₁ , I ₂ , … , In ₊₁ are the ideal operating currents of each region.

The second step is to determine the actual power of the back side when the back side is supported based on the actual irradiance of each area.

First, according to the actual irradiance of each area, the actual open circuit voltage and actual photocurrent of each area under the state that the back side is supported are determined. Specifically, under the state that the back side is supported, for each area, the actual open circuit voltage and actual photocurrent of the area can be determined according to the actual open circuit voltage under standard test conditions, the actual irradiance of the area, etc. For example, the actual open circuit voltage of the area can be calculated by the following formula:

Among them, V _ocz-i is the actual open-circuit voltage when the actual irradiance of the i-th area is _Grz-i ; V _ocz-STC is the actual open-circuit voltage of the component under standard test conditions (STC); I _phz-i is the actual photocurrent when the actual irradiance of the i-th area is _Grz-i ; I _phz-STC is the actual photocurrent of the component under standard test conditions (STC); K _b is an empirical coefficient, for example, it can be 0.0000862; T is the operating temperature of the component.

After determining the actual open circuit voltage of each region, for each region, the actual operating voltage and actual operating current of the region when the back side is supported can be determined based on the actual open circuit voltage and actual photocurrent of the region. Specifically, the actual operating current of each region when the back side is supported can be determined by the current-voltage equation of the photovoltaic module. For example, it can be determined by the following formula:

Among them, V _iz is the actual working voltage of the ith region when the back side is supported, I _iz is the actual working current of the ith region when the back side is supported, I _phz-i is the actual photocurrent of the ith region when the back side is supported, I ₀ is the reverse saturation current of the diode, B is the ideal factor of the diode, _VT is the thermal voltage, and Rs is the series resistance of the photovoltaic module.

After determining the actual working voltage and the actual working current of each region, the actual power of the back surface when the back surface is supported can be determined according to the actual working voltage and the actual working current of each region. Specifically, for each region, the actual power of the back surface when the back surface is supported can be obtained by calculating each IV curve of the region through a series or parallel structure.

Furthermore, the cells with uneven irradiation distribution in various areas on the back of the bifacial component can be connected in series or in parallel. Without considering the component losses other than the mismatch of battery electrical performance, the actual power of the back side when the back side is supported can be determined based on the actual working current of the bifacial component after series or parallel connection and the actual working voltage of each area, wherein the actual working current of the bifacial component after series connection is the minimum working current of the actual working currents of each area after the series connection, and the actual working voltage of the bifacial component after series connection is the superposition of the working voltages corresponding to the actual working currents of each area; the actual working voltage of the bifacial component after parallel connection is the minimum working voltage of the actual working voltages of each area after the parallel connection, and the actual working current of the bifacial component after parallel connection is the superposition of the working currents corresponding to the actual working voltages of each area. For example, the actual power of the back side can be determined by the following formula:

Among them, _Pz is the actual power of the back side when the back side is supported, _Iz is the actual working current of the component after series connection, _V1z , _V2z :,…, V _(n+1)z are the actual working voltages of each region, and _I1z , _I2z ,…, I _(n+1)z are the actual working currents of each region.

The third step is to determine the mismatch loss on the back side based on the ideal power and the actual power.

In this embodiment, the difference between the ideal power and the actual power is determined, and the result of dividing the difference by the ideal power is used as the mismatch loss of the back surface. For example, the mismatch loss of the back surface can be determined by the following formula:

Among them, P _loss is the mismatch loss on the back side.

The technical solution of this embodiment divides the back of the bifacial module to obtain at least one area, and then for each area, determines the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back, and the actual irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back, and then determines the mismatch loss on the back according to the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area. The above technical solution introduces the actual irradiance when there is a support on the back, making the calculation of the loss characteristics of the back of the bifacial module more accurate, providing a new idea for the calculation of the mismatch loss on the back of the bifacial module, and at the same time, by evaluating the shading effect of the support on the bifacial module, it provides support for the subsequent design of related systems to increase power generation.

Embodiment 2

FIG2A is a flow chart of a mismatch loss calculation method provided in the second embodiment of the present application; based on the above embodiment, “for each region, determining the ideal irradiance of the region when there is no support on the back side, and the actual irradiance of the region when there is a support on the back side” is elaborated in detail, as shown in FIG2A , and the method may specifically include:

S210, dividing the back side of the bifacial component to obtain at least one area.

S220. For each area, determine the ideal irradiance of the area in a state where there is no support on the back according to the ground scattered reflection irradiance, the ground direct reflection irradiance and the air scattered irradiance of the area.

In this embodiment, for each area, according to the ground scattered reflected irradiance, ground direct reflected irradiance and air scattered irradiance of the area, the ideal irradiance of the area without support on the back is determined, which can be divided into the following four steps:

The first step is to determine the ideal ground scattered reflected irradiance of the area without support on the back, based on the horizontal scattered irradiance, ground reflectivity and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering in the area. Among them, the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering refers to the viewing angle coefficient of the light from the ground scattering area to each area on the back of the bifacial module. The viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering in different areas is different. It should be noted that the horizontal scattered irradiance and ground reflectivity of each area are the same.

Optionally, the horizontal scattered irradiance and the ground reflectivity can be determined using data collected by relevant equipment; and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering in the area can be determined based on the area of the reflection area where the light from the ground scattering area is reflected to the area, the area of the area, the angle between the normal of the ground area and the line connecting the back of the bifacial module, the angle between the normal of the back of the bifacial module and the ground, and the distance from the ground to the back of the bifacial module. For example, the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering can be determined by the following formula:

Wherein, VF _{scattering reflection-i} is the viewing angle coefficient of ideal ground scattering, A1 _{scattering area-i} is the area of the reflection area of the i-th area reflected by the light of the ground scattering area, A2 _-i is the area of the i-th area, _θ1 is the angle between the normal of the ground area and the line connecting the back of the bifacial module, _θ2 is the angle between the normal of the back of the bifacial module and the line connecting the ground, and r is the distance from the ground to the back of the bifacial module.

After determining the horizontal scattered irradiance, the ground reflectivity and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering in the area, the result of multiplying the horizontal scattered irradiance, the ground reflectivity and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering in the area is taken as the ideal ground scattered reflected irradiance of the area in the state where there is no support on the back. For example, the ideal ground scattered reflected irradiance of the area can be determined by the following formula:

G _{scattered reflection-i} = VF _{scattered reflection-i} *DHI*ρ

Among them, _{Gscatter-reflection-i} is the ideal ground scattered reflection irradiance of the i-th area on the back side without support shielding, ρ is the ground reflectivity, and DHI is the horizontal scattered irradiance.

The second step is to determine the ideal ground direct reflected irradiance of the area without support on the back, based on the horizontal diffuse irradiance, horizontal total irradiance, ground reflectivity and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground direct irradiance of the area. Among them, the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground direct irradiance refers to the viewing angle coefficient of the light from the ground direct irradiance area to each area on the back of the bifacial module. The viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground direct irradiance in different areas is different. It should be noted that the horizontal diffuse irradiance, horizontal total irradiance and ground reflectivity of each area are the same.

Optionally, the horizontal diffuse irradiance and ground reflectivity can be determined. The specific determination method is as described in the first step and will not be repeated here. The horizontal total irradiance can be determined using data collected by relevant equipment. And the viewing angle coefficient of ideal ground direct illumination in the area can be determined based on the area of the reflection area where the light from the ground direct illumination area is reflected to the area, the area of the area, the angle between the normal of the ground area and the line connecting the back of the bifacial module, the angle between the normal of the back of the bifacial module and the line connecting the ground, and the distance from the ground to the back of the bifacial module. For example, the viewing angle coefficient of ideal ground direct illumination can be determined by the following formula:

Wherein, A1 _{direct area-i} is the area of the reflection area where the light from the direct area of the ground is reflected to the i-th area.

After determining the horizontal diffuse irradiance, the horizontal total irradiance, the ground reflectivity and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground direct irradiance in the area, the result of subtracting the horizontal diffuse irradiance from the horizontal total irradiance, the ground reflectivity and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground direct irradiance are multiplied together as the ideal ground direct reflected irradiance of the area in the state where there is no support on the back. For example, the ideal ground direct reflected irradiance of the area can be determined by the following formula:

G _{direct reflection-i} = VF _{direct reflection-i} *(GHI-DHI)*ρ

Among them, Gdirect _reflection-i is the ideal ground direct reflection irradiance of the i-th area on the back side without any support blocking it, and GHI is the horizontal total irradiance.

The third step is to determine the ideal aerial diffuse irradiance of the area without support on the back, based on the horizontal direct irradiation, the horizontal total irradiation outside the atmosphere, the installation inclination angle of the bifacial components, the area width of the area, and the spacing of the ideal reflection areas. Among them, the spacing of the ideal reflection areas refers to the distance between the bright area formed by the light reaching the ground and the bright area formed between the two rows of components, which can be actually measured. It should be noted that the horizontal direct irradiation, the horizontal total irradiation outside the atmosphere, and the installation inclination angle of the bifacial components are the same in each area.

First, determine the total horizontal irradiance outside the atmosphere. You can determine the total horizontal irradiance outside the atmosphere based on the sunrise or sunset time angle, date serial number, latitude and declination angle. For example, you can determine the total horizontal irradiance outside the atmosphere through the following formula:

Where _H0 is the total horizontal radiation outside the atmosphere, n is the date number, is the latitude, δ is the declination angle, and _ωs is the sunrise/sunset time angle.

According to the horizontal direct irradiance and the horizontal total irradiance outside the atmosphere, the first coefficient of the ideal air diffuse irradiance is determined. Specifically, the ratio of the horizontal direct irradiance to the horizontal total irradiance outside the atmosphere can be used as the first coefficient of the ideal air diffuse irradiance. For example, the first coefficient of the ideal air diffuse irradiance can be determined by the following formula:

After determining the first coefficient of the ideal air diffuse irradiance, the ideal air diffuse irradiance of the area in the state where there is no support on the back is determined according to the horizontal diffuse irradiance value, the installation inclination angle of the bifacial module, the area width of the area and the spacing of the ideal reflection area. For example, the ideal air diffuse irradiance of the area can be determined in the following way:

Wherein, G _{aerial scattering - i} is the ideal aerial scattering irradiance of the ith area when the back side is not blocked by any support, I _d is the horizontal scattering irradiance value, a is the installation inclination angle of the bifacial module, d _i is the area width of the ith area, and s _i is the spacing of the ideal reflection areas of the ith area.

The fourth step is to determine the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back side according to the ideal ground scattered reflection irradiance, the ideal ground direct reflection irradiance and the ideal air scattered irradiance. Specifically, the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back side is obtained by adding the ideal ground scattered reflection irradiance, the ideal ground direct reflection irradiance and the ideal air scattered irradiance.

S230. For each area, determine the actual irradiance of the area when there is a support at the back according to the ground scattered reflection irradiance, the ground direct reflection irradiance and the air scattered irradiance of the area.

In this embodiment, for each area, the actual irradiance of the area with a support on the back is determined based on the ground scattered reflection irradiance, the ground direct reflection irradiance and the air scattered irradiance of the area, which can be divided into the following four steps:

The first step is to determine the actual ground scattered reflected irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back, based on the horizontal scattered irradiance, ground reflectivity, the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering in the area, and the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering in the area. Among them, the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering refers to the viewing angle coefficient of the ground scattering area to each area on the back of the bifacial module when there is a support on the back. The viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering in different areas is different. It should be noted that the horizontal scattered irradiance and ground reflectivity of each area are the same.

Specifically, the horizontal scattered irradiance and the ground reflectivity are first determined, and the horizontal scattered irradiance and the ground reflectivity can be determined using data collected by relevant equipment.

Then, the actual coefficient of the actual ground scattering in the area is determined. Specifically, the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering in the area can be determined according to the area of the light reflected from the ground scattering area to the support, the area of the support, the angle between the normal line of the ground area and the line connecting the back of the bifacial module, the angle between the normal line of the back of the bifacial module and the ground, and the distance from the ground to the back of the bifacial module. For example, the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering can be determined in the following way:

Wherein, VF _{scattering reflection zi} is the viewing angle coefficient of actual ground scattering, A1 _{scattering area - support} is the area of the support where the light from the ground scattering area is reflected, A2 _-support is the area of the support, _θ1 is the angle between the normal of the ground area and the line connecting the back of the bifacial module, _θ2 is the angle between the normal of the back of the bifacial module and the line connecting the ground, and r is the distance from the ground to the back of the bifacial module.

After determining the horizontal scattered irradiance, the ground reflectivity, and the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering in the area, determine the actual ground scattered reflection irradiance of the area in the state where there is a support on the back according to the horizontal scattered irradiance, the ground reflectivity, the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering in the area, and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering in the area, wherein the method for determining the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering is the same as that in S220, which will not be repeated here. Specifically, the result of the difference between the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering and the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering, and the product of the horizontal scattered irradiance and the ground reflectivity are taken as the actual ground scattered reflection irradiance of the area. For example, the actual ground scattered reflection irradiance of the area can be determined by the following formula:

G _{scattering reflection zi} = (VF _{scattering reflection -i} - VF _{scattering reflection zi} )*DHI*ρ

Among them, G _{scattering reflection zi} is the actual ground scattering reflection irradiance of the i-th area on the back side when it is blocked by a support, VF _{scattering reflection -i} is the viewing angle coefficient of ideal ground scattering, ρ is the ground reflectivity, and DHI is the horizontal scattering irradiance.

The second step is to determine the actual ground direct reflected irradiance of the area with support on the back, based on the horizontal diffuse irradiance, horizontal total irradiance and ground reflectivity, the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground direct irradiance in the area, and the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground direct irradiance in the area. The viewing angle coefficient of actual ground direct irradiance refers to the viewing angle coefficient of the ground direct irradiance area reaching each area on the back of the bifacial module when there is a support on the back. The viewing angle coefficient of actual ground direct irradiance in different areas is different. It should be noted that the horizontal diffuse irradiance, horizontal total irradiance and ground reflectivity of each area are the same.

Specifically, the horizontal diffuse irradiance, the ground reflectivity, and the horizontal total irradiance are first determined. The specific determination method is the same as that in S220 and will not be repeated here.

Furthermore, the viewing angle coefficient of the actual direct ground illumination in the area is determined. Specifically, the viewing angle coefficient of the actual direct ground illumination in the area can be determined based on the area of the reflection area of the support reflected by the light in the direct ground illumination area, the area of the support, the angle between the normal line of the ground area and the line connecting the back of the bifacial module, the angle between the normal line of the back of the bifacial module and the line connecting the ground, and the distance from the ground to the back of the bifacial module. For example, the viewing angle coefficient of the actual direct ground illumination can be determined by the following formula:

Wherein, VF direct reflection _zi is the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground direct reflection of the ith area, _{A1 direct reflection area - the area of the reflection area where the light from the direct reflection area of the bracket} is reflected to the support, A2 _-support is the area of the support, _θ1 is the angle between the normal line of the ground area and the line connecting the back of the bifacial module, _θ2 is the angle between the normal line of the back of the bifacial module and the line connecting the ground, and r is the distance from the ground to the back of the bifacial module.

After determining the horizontal diffuse irradiance, the horizontal total irradiance, the ground reflectivity of the area, and the viewing angle coefficient of the actual direct ground irradiance of the area, the actual direct ground irradiance of the area is determined according to the horizontal diffuse irradiance, the horizontal total irradiance, the ground reflectivity, the viewing angle coefficient of the actual direct ground irradiance of the area, and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal direct ground irradiance of the area. Specifically, the result of subtracting the horizontal diffuse irradiance from the horizontal total irradiance, the result of subtracting the viewing angle coefficient of the actual direct ground irradiance from the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal direct ground irradiance, and the multiplication result of the ground reflectivity are used as the actual direct ground irradiance of the area with a support on the back. For example, the actual direct ground irradiance of the area can be determined by the following formula:

G _{direct reflection zi} = (VF _{direct reflection -i} -VF _{direct reflection zi} )*(GHI-DHI)*ρ

Among them, G _{direct reflection zi} is the actual ground direct reflection irradiance of the ith area on the back side when it is blocked by a support, ρ is the ground reflectivity, DHI is the horizontal scattered irradiance, and GHI is the horizontal total irradiance.

The third step is to determine the actual air scattered irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back, based on the horizontal direct irradiance, the total horizontal irradiance outside the atmosphere, the installation inclination angle of the bifacial components, the area width, the spacing of the ideal reflection areas, the width of the support, and the spacing of the actual reflection areas. Among them, the spacing of the actual reflection areas refers to the distance between the bright area formed by the light reaching the ground and the bright area formed between the two rows of components when the back is blocked by a support, which can be actually measured. Specifically refer to the method for determining the ideal air scattered irradiance in S220 to determine the actual air scattered irradiance. For example, the actual air scattered irradiance can be determined in the following way:

Among them, G _{air scattering zi} is the actual air scattering irradiance of the ith area on the back side when it is blocked by a support, s _iz is the spacing of the actual reflection areas, and d _z is the width of the support.

The fourth step is to determine the actual irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back based on the actual ground scattered reflection irradiance, the actual ground direct reflection irradiance and the actual air scattered irradiance.

S240 , determining the mismatch loss of the back surface according to the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area.

The technical solution of this embodiment elaborates in detail the calculation method of the ideal irradiance of each area when there is no support on the back side, and the actual irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back side, so that the mismatch loss calculation on the back side of the bifacial module is more accurate.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the ideal irradiance of each area when there is no support on the back side and the actual irradiance of each area when there is support on the back side are simulated respectively. FIG2B shows the ideal irradiance distribution diagram of each area when there is no support on the back side, and FIG2C shows the actual irradiance distribution diagram of each area when there is support on the back side.

Furthermore, in a certain area, meteorological data was used to simulate the back mismatch loss of the bifacial module when it was blocked by the support. The result was related to the installation height, spacing, module width, ground reflectivity, meteorological data and other conditions. Taking a fixed 1V as an example, the installation inclination angle of the bifacial module was 25°, the spacing of the actual reflection area was 3.5m, the distance from the ground to the back of the bifacial module was 1m, the ground reflectivity was 0.2, and the simulation results of the mismatch loss of the bifacial module in one year are shown in Table 1, where d is the support width and s is the spacing of the actual reflection area. For example, when the support width is 100mm and the spacing of the actual reflection area is 70mm, the mismatch loss of the bifacial module in one year is 7.4%.

Taking 1V as an example, in a certain area, meteorological data is used to simulate the back mismatch loss of the bifacial module under the state of support blocking and different installation heights, where the installation inclination angle of the bifacial module is 25°, the spacing of the actual reflection area is 3.5m, the ground reflectivity is 0.2, d is the support width, s is the spacing of the actual reflection area, and the one-year mismatch loss simulation results H1 and H2 when the installation height is 0.5m and 1m are shown in Table 2. For example, when the support width is 100mm and the spacing of the actual reflection area is 70mm, when the installation height is 0.5m, the one-year mismatch loss is 9.5%, and when the installation height is 1m, the one-year mismatch loss is 7.4%.

Table 1 Simulation results for a certain region

Table 2 Simulation results at different heights

Embodiment 3

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mismatch loss calculation device provided in the third embodiment of the present application; this embodiment can be applied to the case of mismatch loss calculation of the back side of a bifacial module, especially to the case of mismatch loss calculation of the back side of a bifacial module under the condition of support shielding. The device is implemented by software/hardware and can be integrated into an electronic device carrying the mismatch loss calculation function, such as a server.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the device includes a region determination module 310 , an irradiance determination module 320 , and a mismatch loss determination module 330 , wherein:

The region determination module 310 is used to divide the back side of the bifacial component into at least one region; wherein the back side of the bifacial component is the side of the bifacial component that is away from the light source;

An irradiance determination module 320 is used to determine, for each region, an ideal irradiance of the region when there is no support on the back side, and an actual irradiance of the region when there is a support on the back side;

The mismatch loss determination module 330 is used to determine the mismatch loss of the back surface according to the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area.

The technical solution of this embodiment divides the back of the bifacial module to obtain at least one area, and then for each area, determines the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back, and the actual irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back, and then determines the mismatch loss on the back according to the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area. The above technical solution introduces the actual irradiance when there is a support on the back, making the calculation of the loss characteristics of the back of the bifacial module more accurate, providing a new idea for the calculation of the mismatch loss on the back of the bifacial module, and at the same time, by evaluating the shading effect of the support on the bifacial module, it provides support for the subsequent design of related systems to increase power generation.

Furthermore, the region determination module 310 is specifically configured to:

The back side is divided according to the component type on the back side to obtain at least one area.

Furthermore, the irradiance determination module 320 includes an irradiance determination unit, which is used to:

For each area, the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back and the actual irradiance of the area when there is support on the back are determined based on the ground scattered reflection irradiance, direct ground reflection irradiance and aerial scattered irradiance of the area.

Further, the irradiance determination unit includes a first ideal irradiance determination subunit, a second ideal irradiance determination subunit, a third ideal irradiance determination subunit and an ideal irradiance determination subunit, wherein,

A first ideal irradiance determination subunit is used to determine the ideal ground scattered reflected irradiance of the area in a state where there is no support on the back according to the horizontal scattered irradiance, the ground reflectivity and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering of the area;

The second ideal irradiance determination subunit is used to determine the ideal ground direct reflected irradiance of the area in a state where there is no support on the back according to the horizontal scattered irradiance, the horizontal total irradiance, the ground reflectivity and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground direct irradiance of the area;

The third ideal irradiance determination subunit is used to determine the ideal air diffuse irradiance of the area in the state where there is no support on the back side according to the horizontal direct irradiance, the horizontal total irradiance outside the atmosphere, the installation inclination angle of the bifacial module, the area width of the area and the spacing of the ideal reflection area;

The ideal irradiance determination subunit is used to determine the ideal irradiance of the area in the state where there is no support on the back side according to the ideal ground scattered reflection irradiance, the ideal ground direct reflection irradiance and the ideal air scattered irradiance.

Further, the irradiance determination unit further includes a first actual irradiance determination subunit, a second actual irradiance determination subunit, a third actual irradiance determination subunit and an actual irradiance determination subunit, wherein,

A first actual irradiance determination subunit is used to determine the actual ground scattered reflected irradiance of the area in a state where there is a support on the back according to the horizontal scattered irradiance, the ground reflectivity, the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering of the area, and the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering of the area;

The second actual irradiance determination subunit is used to determine the actual ground direct reflected irradiance of the area in the state where there is a support on the back according to the horizontal scattered irradiance, the horizontal total irradiance and the ground reflectivity, the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground direct irradiance of the area, and the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground direct irradiance of the area;

The third actual irradiance determination subunit is used to determine the actual air diffuse irradiance of the area in the state where there is a support on the back according to the horizontal direct irradiance, the horizontal total irradiance outside the atmosphere, the installation inclination angle of the bifacial module, the area width of the area, the spacing of the ideal reflection areas of the area, the width of the support and the spacing of the actual reflection areas of the area;

The actual irradiance determination subunit is used to determine the actual irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back according to the actual ground scattered reflection irradiance, the actual ground direct reflection irradiance and the actual air scattered irradiance.

Further, the mismatch loss determination module 330 includes an ideal power determination unit, an actual power determination unit and a mismatch loss determination unit, wherein:

An ideal power determination unit, used to determine the ideal power of the back surface when the back surface is unsupported according to the ideal irradiance of each area;

An actual power determination unit, used to determine the actual power of the back side when the back side is supported according to the actual irradiance of each area;

The mismatch loss determination unit is used to determine the mismatch loss of the back side according to the ideal power and the actual power.

The above-mentioned mismatch loss calculation device can execute the mismatch loss calculation method provided in any embodiment of the present application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

Embodiment 4

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in Example 4 of the present application, and Figure 4 shows a block diagram of an exemplary device suitable for implementing the implementation of the embodiment of the present application. The device shown in Figure 4 is only an example and should not bring any limitation to the function and scope of use of the embodiment of the present application.

4, the electronic device 12 is in the form of a general purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device 12 may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors or processing units 16, a system memory 28, and a bus 18 connecting different system components (including the system memory 28 and the processing unit 16).

Bus 18 represents one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, a processor or a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. By way of example, these architectures include, but are not limited to, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MAC) bus, an Enhanced ISA bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

The electronic device 12 typically includes a variety of computer system readable media. These media can be any available media that can be accessed by the electronic device 12, including volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media.

The system memory 28 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 30 and/or cache memory 32. The electronic device 12 may further include other removable/non-removable, volatile/non-volatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, the storage system 34 may be used to read and write non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media (not shown in FIG. 4 , commonly referred to as a “hard drive”). Although not shown in FIG. 4 , a disk drive for reading and writing a removable non-volatile disk (such as a “floppy disk”) and an optical disk drive for reading and writing a removable non-volatile optical disk (such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to the bus 18 via one or more data medium interfaces. The system memory 28 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules that are configured to perform the functions of each embodiment of the present application.

A program/utility 40 having a set (at least one) of program modules 42 may be stored, for example, in system memory 28, such program modules 42 including, but not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which or some combination thereof may include an implementation of a network environment. Program modules 42 generally perform the functions and/or methods of the embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application.

The electronic device 12 may also communicate with one or more external devices 14 (e.g., keyboards, pointing devices, displays 24, etc.), may also communicate with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device 12, and/or communicate with any device that enables the electronic device 12 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., network cards, modems, etc.). Such communication may be performed via an input/output (I/O) interface 22. Furthermore, the electronic device 12 may also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and/or public networks, such as the Internet) via a network adapter 20. As shown, the network adapter 20 communicates with other modules of the electronic device 12 via a bus 18. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with the electronic device 12, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

The processing unit 16 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the programs stored in the system memory 28, such as implementing the mismatch loss calculation method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

Embodiment 5

Embodiment 5 of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program (or computer-executable instructions) is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, it is used to execute the mismatch loss calculation method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

The computer storage medium of the embodiment of the present application can adopt any combination of one or more computer-readable media. Computer-readable media can be computer-readable signal media or computer-readable storage media. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example, but not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or devices, or any combination of the above. More specific examples (non-exhaustive lists) of computer-readable storage media include: electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the above. In this document, computer-readable storage media can be any tangible medium containing or storing programs, which can be used by instruction execution systems, devices or devices or used in combination with them.

Computer-readable signal media may include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carry computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. Computer-readable signal media may also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which may send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

The program code embodied on the computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

The computer program code for performing the operation of the embodiment of the application can be written in one or more programming languages or their combination, and the programming language includes object-oriented programming language-such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and also includes conventional procedural programming language such as "C" language or similar programming language. The program code can be executed completely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, executed as an independent software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on the remote computer, or completely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer can include a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN) to be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, or, can be connected to an external computer (for example, utilizing an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet).

Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, although the embodiments of the present application are described in more detail through the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the above embodiments, and may also include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A mismatch loss calculation method, characterized by including: Divide the back of the double-sided component to obtain at least one area; wherein, the back of the double-sided component is the side of the double-sided component facing away from the light source; For each area, determine the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back side, and the actual irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back side; Determine the mismatch loss on the back surface based on the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area; For each area, determine the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back side, and the actual irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back side, including: For each area, based on the ground scattered reflected irradiance, ground direct reflected irradiance and air scattered irradiance of the area, determine the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back, and the The actual irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back; Based on the ground scattered reflected irradiance, ground direct reflected irradiance and air scattered irradiance of the area, determine the actual irradiance of the area with a support on the back, including: According to the horizontal scattered irradiation, the ground reflectivity, the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering in the area, and the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering in the area, the actual ground scattered reflected irradiation of the area is determined when there is a support on the back. Degree; wherein, the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering refers to the viewing angle coefficient of the ground scattering area reaching each area on the back of the double-sided module when there is a support on the back. The viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering in different areas is different; According to the horizontal scattered irradiation, the total horizontal irradiation and the ground reflectivity, the ideal direct ground viewing angle coefficient of the area, and the actual direct ground viewing angle coefficient of the area, determine the actual viewing angle coefficient of the area when there is a support on the back. Ground direct reflected irradiance; wherein, the actual direct ground viewing angle coefficient refers to the viewing angle coefficient of the direct ground area reaching each area on the back of the double-sided module with a support on the back, and the actual direct viewing angle coefficient of the ground in different areas different; According to the horizontal direct irradiation, the total horizontal irradiation outside the atmosphere, the installation inclination angle of the double-sided module, the area width of the area, the spacing of the ideal reflection area in the area, the width of the support, and the spacing of the actual reflection area in the area, the location is determined. The actual airborne scattered irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back; According to the actual ground scattered reflected irradiance, the actual ground direct reflected irradiance and the actual air scattered irradiance, the actual irradiance of the area with a support on the back side is determined. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the back side of the double-sided component is divided to obtain at least one area, including: The back surface is divided according to the component type of the back surface to obtain at least one area. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, based on the ground scattered reflected irradiance, ground direct reflected irradiance and air scattered irradiance of the area, it is determined that the back surface has no support in the state. Ideal irradiance for an area, including: Determine the ideal ground scattered reflection irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back surface based on the horizontal scattered irradiance, the ground reflectivity and the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering in the area; According to the horizontal scattered irradiation, the total horizontal irradiation, the ground reflectivity and the ideal direct ground viewing angle coefficient of the area, determine the ideal direct ground reflected irradiance of the area in the state where there is no support on the back; According to the horizontal direct irradiation, the total horizontal irradiation outside the atmosphere, the installation inclination angle of the double-sided module, the area width of the area and the spacing of the ideal reflection area, the ideal airborne scattered irradiation of the area when there is no support on the back side is determined Spend; According to the ideal ground scattered reflected irradiance, the ideal ground direct reflected irradiance and the ideal air scattered irradiance, the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back side is determined. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that determining the mismatch loss of the back surface according to the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area includes: According to the ideal irradiance of each area, determine the ideal power of the back surface in the unsupported state of the back surface; According to the actual irradiance of each area, determine the actual power of the back side when the back side is supported; Based on the ideal power and the actual power, the mismatch loss on the back side is determined. 5. A mismatch loss calculation device, characterized in that it includes: An area determination module is used to divide the back surface of the double-sided component to obtain at least one area; wherein the back surface of the double-sided component is the side of the double-sided component facing away from the light source; An irradiance determination module, configured for each area to determine the ideal irradiance of the area when there is no support on the back side, and the actual irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back side; A mismatch loss determination module, used to determine the mismatch loss on the back surface based on the ideal irradiance of each area and the actual irradiance of each area; The irradiance determination module is specifically used to determine, for each area, the state of the back surface without a support based on the ground scattered reflected irradiance, ground direct reflected irradiance and air scattered irradiance of the area. The ideal irradiance of this area, and the actual irradiance of this area with a support on the back; The irradiance determination module includes: The first actual irradiance determination subunit is used to determine whether there is support on the back surface based on horizontal scattered irradiance, ground reflectivity, the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal ground scattering in the area, and the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering in the area. The actual ground scattering reflected irradiance of the area under the object state; wherein, the viewing angle coefficient of the actual ground scattering refers to the viewing angle coefficient of the ground scattering area reaching each area on the back of the double-sided module when there is a support on the back. Different areas The viewing angle coefficient of actual ground scattering is different; The second actual irradiance determination subunit is used to determine the viewing angle coefficient of the ideal direct ground irradiation in the area based on horizontal scattered irradiation, total horizontal irradiation and ground reflectivity, and the viewing angle coefficient of the actual direct ground irradiation in the area. The actual direct ground reflected irradiance of the area with a support on the back; wherein, the viewing angle coefficient of the actual direct ground refers to the direct irradiance from the ground to each area on the back of the double-sided module with a support on the back. Viewing angle coefficient, the actual direct ground viewing angle coefficient in different areas is different; The third actual irradiance determination subunit is used to determine the horizontal direct irradiation, the total horizontal irradiation outside the atmosphere, the installation inclination angle of the double-sided module, the area width of the area, the spacing of the ideal reflection area of the area, and the support width. and the actual reflection area of the area, determine the actual airborne scattered irradiance of the area when there is a support on the back; The actual irradiance determination subunit is used to determine the actual irradiance of the area with a support on the back based on the actual ground scattered reflected irradiance, actual ground direct reflected irradiance and actual air scattered irradiance. 6. An electronic device, characterized in that it includes: one or more processors; Memory, used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to implement the mismatch loss calculation method according to any one of claims 1-4. 7. A computer-readable storage medium with a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that when the program is executed by a processor, the mismatch loss calculation method according to any one of claims 1-4 is implemented.