CN112924545B - Tunnel lining quality sound wave rapid nondestructive testing method - Google Patents
Tunnel lining quality sound wave rapid nondestructive testing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a rapid nondestructive testing method for tunnel lining quality sound waves, which comprises the following steps: dividing the tunnel lining detection section into a plurality of rectangular detection units; for each detection unit, carrying out rapid sound wave detection by adopting an ultra-wideband UWB-based high-precision positioning algorithm; processing data of the three-component sound wave detection signals corresponding to each measuring point; and (5) positioning and splicing the images in a three-dimensional space. Has the following advantages: 1) the detection method is convenient to operate and visual in result. 2) The invention can effectively overcome electromagnetic shielding caused by metal objects, and adopts an acoustic wave field to carry out rapid nondestructive detection on the construction quality of the tunnel lining. 3) The invention can detect the lining construction quality in time, accurately position the unqualified position, and avoid the potential safety hazard caused by the lining filling incompact, thereby reducing the durability of the tunnel engineering. 4) The invention fills the blank of quality detection under the condition that the tunnel lining contains a metal structure, and ensures the safety of tunnel construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel nondestructive testing, and particularly relates to a rapid acoustic nondestructive testing method for tunnel lining quality.
Background
With the coming of the golden period of the traffic construction in China, the number of the highway and the railway construction is increased dramatically, and at present, the gravity center of the traffic infrastructure construction in China is gradually shifted to the complicated geological and topographic areas, so that the occupation ratio of the tunnel is increased gradually. The tunnel engineering project construction process often faces construction quality problems, such as poor lining filling compactness, void and the like, so that advanced technical equipment is required to be adopted to timely find existing problems in the construction process, and then scientific and reasonable countermeasures are adopted to carry out treatment. Under the drive of the high-speed development of the tunnel engineering technology, the traditional detection technology, such as a core drilling method and a water pressure testing method, is applied, so that the development of the current tunnel engineering cannot be met at all. Therefore, the nondestructive testing technology is widely applied to the quality testing field of tunnel engineering due to the characteristics of high efficiency and simple operation.
At present, tunnel nondestructive testing technology mainly takes geological radar as a main part, and the principle is as follows: the method comprises the steps of detecting the existing invisible part of the tunnel lining through an electromagnetic wave reflection principle, transmitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves to a position to be detected in a broadband pulse mode in application, transmitting the high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the underground or engineering structure by using a transmitting antenna, generating waveform distortion due to electric property difference electromagnetic reflection waves, and then receiving a reflection signal by using the antenna, so that the reason for causing the electric property difference is analyzed. However, the disadvantages of high frequency electromagnetic waves are: decay is extremely fast in metals, i.e.: it is easily shielded by metal to prevent effective reflected wave signals from being received.
Therefore, the geological radar detection means is easily interfered by the metal component in the tunnel, so that the geological radar detection means has certain application limitation. In areas with complex geological conditions and large surrounding rock pressure, the tunnel lining is lined by adopting reinforced concrete and contains a large number of steel bars; in addition, with the application of tunnel construction methods such as a shield method and a immersed tube method, a large number of tunnel prefabricated segment linings are used, and a large number of steel structures are contained in the prefabricated segments, so that the nondestructive testing method mainly based on geological radar is difficult to apply under the conditions.
Therefore, when a tunnel lining contains a large number of metal components, how to effectively carry out nondestructive testing on the metal components is a current urgent matter to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a rapid nondestructive testing method for tunnel lining quality by using sound waves, which can effectively solve the problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a rapid nondestructive testing method for tunnel lining quality sound waves, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining a tunnel lining detection section;
step 2, dividing the tunnel lining detection section into a plurality of rectangular detection units;
step 3, establishing an integral XY coordinate system in the tunnel lining detection section; for each detection unit, the method adopts a high-precision positioning algorithm based on ultra wide band UWB to perform rapid detection of sound waves, and comprises the following specific steps:
step 3.1, respectively arranging a base station T1, a base station T2 and a base station T3 at the positions of three vertexes of the rectangular detection unit; the position coordinate values of the base station T1, the base station T2 and the base station T3 in the overall XY coordinate system are known;
step 3.2, arranging a plurality of parallel measuring lines in the detecting unit, wherein each measuring line is provided with a plurality of measuring points at equal intervals;
the sound wave rapid detection device R moves along the measuring points of the measuring line in the detection unit in sequence and moves to one measuring point C every time i When the position is determined, the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains the measuring point C in real time in the following mode i Position coordinate C in the overall XY coordinate system i (x i ,y i ):
1) Sound wave rapid detection device R is at measurement point C i Respectively sending detection messages to a base station T1, a base station T2 and a base station T3, and recording the sending time T1 of the detection messages;
after receiving the probe message, the base station T1, the base station T2, and the base station T3 immediately send a probe response message to the acoustic wave rapid detection device R, where the time when the acoustic wave rapid detection device R receives the probe response message of the base station T1 is T2, the time when the probe response message of the base station T2 is T3, and the time when the probe response message of the base station T3 is received is T4;
2) the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains a measuring point C according to the message transmission time T2-T1 between the sound wave rapid detection device R and the base station T1 i Distance L1 from base station T1;
similarly, the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains the measuring point C according to the message transmission time T3-T1 between the sound wave rapid detection device R and the base station T2 i Distance L2 from base station T2;
the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains a measuring point C according to the message transmission time T4-T1 between the sound wave rapid detection device R and the base station T3 i Distance L3 from base station T3;
3) obtaining a measuring point C by adopting a triangulation method according to the distance L1, the distance L2 and the distance L3 i Position coordinates of (C) i (x i ,y i )；
Step 3.3, every time the rapid sound wave detection device R moves to a measuring point C i When in position, the rapid acoustic wave detection device R performs rapid acoustic wave detection by:
the sound wave emission unit of the sound wave rapid detection device R emits sound waves in the vertical direction to the target reflecting layer, the sound waves are reflected by the corresponding position of the target reflecting layer to form sound wave echo, and the sound wave echo is received by the sound wave receiving unit, so that a measuring point C is obtained i A corresponding acoustic detection signal; wherein, the and-measuring point C i The corresponding acoustic detection signal is a three-component acoustic detection signal, comprising: an X-component acoustic detection signal, a Y-component acoustic detection signal and a Z-component acoustic detection signal;
and 4, therefore, after all measuring points of the tunnel lining detection section are subjected to rapid sound wave detection, obtaining a measuring point C corresponding to each measuring point i (x i ,y i ) Corresponding three-component acoustic detection signals; using the following formula, for each measuring point C i (x i ,y i ) And (3) carrying out data processing on the corresponding three-component sound wave detection signals:
according to the signal travel time of three-component sound wave detection signal obtaining and measuring point C i (x i ,y i ) Corresponding target detection point D i Depth z of i (ii) a Since the acoustic wave emitting unit emits the acoustic wave in the vertical direction to the target reflection layer, the target detection point D i X-direction coordinate and measuring point C i Has the same x-direction coordinate and is a target detection point D i Y-direction coordinate and measuring point C i Is the same, thereby obtaining a target detection point D i Has a three-dimensional coordinate of (x) i ,y i ,z i ) (ii) a Extracting amplitude characteristic signals from the three-component sound wave detection signals, wherein the amplitude characteristic signals are respectively as follows: lambda [ alpha ] ix 、λ iy And λ iz Wherein: lambda [ alpha ] ix Representing a target detection point D i Amplitude X component of (A) iy Representing a target detection point D i Amplitude Y component of (a), λ iz Representing a target detection point D i The amplitude Z component of (a); thereby obtainingTo the target detection point D i X component characteristic information (X) i ,y i ,z i ,λ ix ) Y component feature information (x) i ,y i ,z i ,λ iy ) And Z component characteristic information (x) i ,y i ,z i ,λ iz )；
And 5, positioning and splicing the images in a three-dimensional space, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
carrying out space positioning splicing on the X component characteristic information of the target detection points corresponding to all the measuring points to form an X component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection diagram of the tunnel lining detection section; the splicing method comprises the following steps: establishing an X-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing coordinate system; in the coordinate system, three-dimensional coordinates of each target detection point are expressed in the coordinate system, then corresponding amplitude characteristic signals are marked at corresponding position points of the coordinate system through predefined colors, and finally an X-component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection graph expressed through colors is formed;
carrying out space positioning splicing on the Y component characteristic information of the target detection points corresponding to all the measurement points to form a Y component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection diagram of the tunnel lining detection section;
carrying out space positioning splicing on the Z component characteristic information of the target detection points corresponding to all the measuring points to form a Z component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection diagram of the tunnel lining detection section;
and 6, synthesizing the X-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing diagram, the Y-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing diagram and the Z-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing diagram into a tunnel lining quality detection three-dimensional diagram, and displaying the three-dimensional diagram.
Preferably, the sound wave transmitting unit adopts a tubular electromagnet controllable shock excitation device.
Preferably, the sound wave receiving unit adopts a close-fitting type three-axis acceleration sensor.
The rapid nondestructive testing method for the tunnel lining quality by using the acoustic waves provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1) the detection method is convenient to operate and visual in result.
2) The invention can effectively overcome electromagnetic shielding caused by metal objects, and adopts an acoustic wave field to carry out rapid nondestructive detection on the construction quality of the tunnel lining.
3) The invention can detect the lining construction quality in time, accurately position the unqualified position, and avoid the potential safety hazard caused by the lining filling incompact, thereby reducing the durability of the tunnel engineering.
4) The invention fills the blank of quality detection under the condition that the tunnel lining contains a metal structure, and ensures the safety of tunnel construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for rapidly and nondestructively detecting tunnel lining quality by using acoustic waves according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the method for fast nondestructive testing of spatial location of acoustic waves according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transmission of sound waves of the rapid sound wave detection device R provided by the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a collector provided by the present invention
FIG. 5 is a diagram of normal signal measurement by the rapid nondestructive testing method using acoustic waves according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a defect signal measured by the rapid nondestructive testing method using acoustic waves provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a quick nondestructive testing method based on a sound wave reflected wave principle in a simulated geological radar detection mode. The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel nondestructive testing, and particularly relates to a tunnel lining quality nondestructive testing method with an electromagnetic shielding structure.
Specifically, the rapid nondestructive detection of the tunnel lining quality sound wave is based on a reflected wave measurement principle, the characteristic that the sound wave changes when encountering a wave impedance surface is utilized, a quasi-geological radar measurement result is realized by continuously collecting reflected wave signals on a measurement profile, and the geological radar data analysis principle is utilized to analyze the measurement result, so that the tunnel lining construction quality is judged.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for rapidly and nondestructively detecting the quality of the tunnel lining by using the acoustic waves provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining a tunnel lining detection section;
step 2, dividing the tunnel lining detection section into a plurality of rectangular detection units;
step 3, establishing an integral XY coordinate system in the tunnel lining detection section; for each detection unit, the method adopts an ultra-wideband UWB-based high-precision positioning algorithm to perform sound wave rapid detection, can realize centimeter-level real-time precise positioning of each measurement point, and adopts a wheel type structure on an instrument for measuring the distance between the measurement point and the measurement point.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, referring to fig. 2, at three vertex positions of the rectangular detection unit, a base station T1, a base station T2 and a base station T3 are respectively arranged; the position coordinate values of the base station T1, the base station T2 and the base station T3 in the overall XY coordinate system are known; the base station adopts a simple base station.
Step 3.2, arranging a plurality of parallel measuring lines in the detecting unit, wherein each measuring line is provided with a plurality of measuring points at equal intervals;
the sound wave rapid detection device R moves along the measuring points of the measuring line in the detection unit in sequence and moves to one measuring point C every time i When the position is determined, the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains the measuring point C in real time in the following mode i Position coordinate C in the overall XY coordinate system i (x i ,y i ):
1) Sound wave rapid detection device R is at measurement point C i Respectively sending detection messages to a base station T1, a base station T2 and a base station T3, and recording the sending time T1 of the detection messages;
after receiving the probe message, the base station T1, the base station T2, and the base station T3 immediately send a probe response message to the acoustic wave rapid detection device R, where the time when the acoustic wave rapid detection device R receives the probe response message of the base station T1 is T2, the time when the probe response message of the base station T2 is T3, and the time when the probe response message of the base station T3 is received is T4;
2) the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains a measuring point C according to the message transmission time T2-T1 between the sound wave rapid detection device R and the base station T1 i Distance L1 from base station T1;
similarly, the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains the measuring point C according to the message transmission time T3-T1 between the sound wave rapid detection device R and the base station T2 i Distance L2 from base station T2;
the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains a measuring point C according to the message transmission time T4-T1 between the sound wave rapid detection device R and the base station T3 i Distance L3 from base station T3;
3) according to the distance L1, the distance L2 and the distance L3, a triangular positioning method is adopted to obtain a measuring point C i Position coordinates of (C) i (x i ,y i )；
The measuring point positioning mode provided by the invention does not need time synchronization among base stations with known positions. And then, the construction quality of the tunnel lining is judged through analyzing the measured data, and the three-dimensional display of the detection result of the tunnel lining quality can be realized through image three-dimensional space positioning and splicing.
Step 3.3, every time the rapid sound wave detection device R moves to a measuring point C i When in position, the rapid acoustic wave detection device R performs rapid acoustic wave detection by:
the sound wave rapid detection device R integrates a sound wave emitting unit and a sound wave receiving unit, referring to fig. 3, the sound wave emitting unit of the sound wave rapid detection device R emits a sound wave in a vertical direction to the target reflecting layer, and after the sound wave is reflected by a corresponding position of the target reflecting layer, a sound wave echo is formed and received by the sound wave receiving unit, thereby obtaining a measuring point C i A corresponding acoustic detection signal; wherein, the and-measuring point C i The corresponding acoustic detection signal is a three-component acoustic detection signal, comprising: an X-component acoustic detection signal, a Y-component acoustic detection signal and a Z-component acoustic detection signal;
wherein, the sound wave transmitting unit adopts a tubular electromagnet controllable shock excitation device. The sound wave receiving unit adopts a close type triaxial acceleration sensor.
The controllable shock excitation device of the tubular electromagnet comprises: the direct-acting reciprocating electromagnet is designed and manufactured by utilizing an electromagnetic conversion attraction principle and adopting a solenoid structure. The unique design and material selection ensure the soft, smooth, flexible and reliable operation of the series of electromagnets. Therefore, the strong holding power during long stroke can be ensured, the high-permeability magnetic material is turned into a round tube shape and a magnetic conduction shell, the good protection effect on the internal structural components of the electromagnet is achieved, meanwhile, effective anticorrosion treatment is carried out on all the full-layer components, and the electromagnetic electromagnet is particularly suitable for being used under the condition that long stroke is needed and the working condition is flat. The wave-absorbing material is designed to eliminate aftershock, so that the amplitude and the frequency bandwidth of the controllable seismic source are approximately equal when the controllable seismic source is excited every time, and the signal distortion caused by seismic source errors is eliminated. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic holding force is dynamically adjustable according to the wave speed of the medium of the detection object, so that a stress wave signal excited by the controllable seismic source meets the impedance coupling condition, and the detection depth is ensured.
Paste formula triaxial acceleration sensor tightly: the capacitance type acceleration sensor can convert the change of the vibration displacement parameter into the change of capacitance, and when external vibration occurs, the movable polar plate vibrates along with the vibration, so that the capacitance is changed. When differential measurement is adopted, the sensor has high sensitivity, short response time and good stability. Because of simple structure, few factors influencing stability, no internal and external various friction and contact stress errors and low inherent sensitivity to temperature change.
When the moving object generates acceleration due to variable speed movement, the change of the internal electrode position reflects the change of the capacitance value (delta C), and the capacitance difference value is transmitted to an Interface Chip (Interface Chip) and outputs a voltage value. Therefore, the three-axis acceleration sensor necessarily comprises a pure mechanical MEMS sensor and an ASIC interface chip, wherein the pure mechanical MEMS sensor is internally provided with group moving electrons which mainly measure X, Y and Z-axis area changes, and the pure mechanical MEMS sensor is used for converting the changes of capacitance values into voltage output.
The data acquisition instrument of the multichannel elastic wave signal acquisition device comprises a control terminal, an acquisition device and a sensor. The control terminal is a mobile computer device such as a reinforced notebook computer, a tablet computer or a mobile phone. The collector is used as a wireless WiFi hotspot AP function during working, and the control terminal is supported to be accessed to the collector in a WiFi mode. When the analog signal is collected, the sensor signal is amplified and converted into the analog signal which can be collected by the ADC through the conditioning circuit; the conditioned analog signal is quantized into a sampling digital signal through an ADC (analog-to-digital converter); the quantized sampling digital signal is bridged by the CPLD and is quickly cached to an internal memory or an external memory by the MCU through the DMA; and the MCU uploads the cached sampling data to the upper computer through WiFi. Through the steps, the collector finishes the collection of the double-channel analog signals and uploads the collected signals to the upper computer for display processing. The collector mainly comprises a sensor interface and a conditioning circuit, an ADC sampling machine and control, an MCU and cache, a trigger control, wireless communication, power management and other partial circuits, and the functional block diagram is shown as 4.
And 4, therefore, after all measuring points of the tunnel lining detection section are subjected to rapid sound wave detection, obtaining a measuring point C corresponding to each measuring point i (x i ，y i ) Corresponding three-component acoustic detection signals; using the following formula, for each measuring point C i (x i ，y i ) And (3) carrying out data processing on the corresponding three-component sound wave detection signals:
obtaining and measuring point C according to signal travel time of three-component sound wave detection signal i (x i ，y i ) Corresponding target detection point D i Depth z of i (ii) a Since the acoustic wave emitting unit emits the acoustic wave in the vertical direction to the target reflection layer, the target detection point D i X-direction coordinate and measuring point C i Have the same x-direction coordinate, and a target detection point D i Y-direction coordinate and measuring point C i Is the same, thereby obtaining a target detection point D i Has a three-dimensional coordinate of (x) i ，y i ，z i ) (ii) a Extracting amplitude characteristic signals from the three-component sound wave detection signals, wherein the amplitude characteristic signals are respectively as follows: lambda ix 、λ iy And λ iz Wherein: lambda ix Representing a target detection point D i Amplitude X component of (A) iy Representing a target detection point D i Amplitude Y component of (a), λ iz Representing a target detection point D i The amplitude Z component of (a); thereby obtaining a target detection point D i X component characteristic information (X) i ，y i ，z i ，λ ix ) Y component feature information (x) i ，y i ，z i ，λ iy ) And Z component characteristic information (x) i ，y i ，z i ，λ iz )；
And 5, positioning and splicing the images in a three-dimensional space, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
carrying out space positioning splicing on the X component characteristic information of the target detection points corresponding to all the measuring points to form an X component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection diagram of the tunnel lining detection section; the splicing method comprises the following steps: establishing an X-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing coordinate system; in the coordinate system, three-dimensional coordinates of each target detection point are expressed in the coordinate system, then corresponding amplitude characteristic signals are marked at corresponding position points of the coordinate system through predefined colors, and finally an X-component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection graph expressed through colors is formed;
carrying out space positioning splicing on the Y component characteristic information of the target detection points corresponding to all the detection points to form a Y component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection graph of the tunnel lining detection section;
carrying out space positioning splicing on the Z component characteristic information of the target detection points corresponding to all the measuring points to form a Z component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection diagram of the tunnel lining detection section;
and 6, synthesizing the X-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing image, the Y-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing image and the Z-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing image into a tunnel lining quality detection three-dimensional image, and displaying.
By adopting the method of the invention, the recorded normal signal data is as shown in figure 5, which is a graph for measuring the normal signal by a sound wave rapid nondestructive testing method; the defective signal is shown in fig. 6, which is a graph of the defective signal measured for the sonic fast non-destructive inspection method. By adopting a comprehensive signal processing method such as CEEMD, SST, spectral energy ratio and other algorithms, the received data can be visualized, so that the position and the range of the treatment defect in the tunnel lining construction can be judged.
And (3) obtaining characteristic information (x, y, z and lambda) of each point by combining the coordinates of the measuring points with signal information through inversion of the observation data, forming a scanning line by the measuring points, and then forming a measuring line. And (4) carrying out three-dimensional interpolation on points on the section, and describing and expressing the elastic wave property of the tunnel lining by establishing a correct model. The defect condition of a certain point can be analyzed according to the points on the section.
The method for quickly and nondestructively detecting the tunnel lining quality by using the acoustic waves has the following advantages:
1) the detection method is convenient to operate and visual in result.
2) The invention can effectively overcome electromagnetic shielding caused by metal objects, and adopts an acoustic wave field to carry out rapid nondestructive detection on the construction quality of the tunnel lining.
3) The invention can detect the lining construction quality in time, accurately position the unqualified position, and avoid the potential safety hazard caused by the lining filling incompact, thereby reducing the durability of the tunnel engineering.
4) The invention fills the blank of quality detection under the condition that the tunnel lining contains a metal structure, and ensures the safety of tunnel construction.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A tunnel lining quality sound wave rapid nondestructive testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining a tunnel lining detection section;
step 2, dividing the tunnel lining detection section into a plurality of rectangular detection units;
step 3, establishing an integral XY coordinate system in the tunnel lining detection section; for each detection unit, the method adopts a high-precision positioning algorithm based on ultra wide band UWB to perform rapid detection of sound waves, and comprises the following specific steps:
step 3.1, respectively arranging a base station T1, a base station T2 and a base station T3 at the positions of three vertexes of the rectangular detection unit; the position coordinate values of the base station T1, the base station T2 and the base station T3 in the overall XY coordinate system are known;
step 3.2, arranging a plurality of parallel measuring lines in the detecting unit, wherein each measuring line is provided with a plurality of measuring points at equal intervals;
the sound wave rapid detection device R moves along the measuring points of the measuring line in the detection unit in sequence and moves to one measuring point C every time i When the position is determined, the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains the measuring point C in real time in the following mode i Position coordinate C in the overall XY coordinate system i (x i ,y i ):
1) Sound wave rapid detection device R is at measurement point C i Respectively sending detection messages to a base station T1, a base station T2 and a base station T3, and recording the sending time T1 of the detection messages;
after receiving the probe message, the base station T1, the base station T2, and the base station T3 immediately send a probe response message to the acoustic wave rapid detection device R, where the time when the acoustic wave rapid detection device R receives the probe response message of the base station T1 is T2, the time when the probe response message of the base station T2 is T3, and the time when the probe response message of the base station T3 is received is T4;
2) the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains a measuring point C according to the message transmission time T2-T1 between the sound wave rapid detection device R and the base station T1 i Distance L1 from base station T1;
similarly, the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains the measuring point C according to the message transmission time T3-T1 between the sound wave rapid detection device R and the base station T2 i Distance L2 from base station T2;
the sound wave rapid detection device R obtains a measuring point C according to the message transmission time T4-T1 between the sound wave rapid detection device R and the base station T3 i Distance L3 from base station T3;
3) according to the distance L1, the distance L2 and the distance L3, a triangular positioning method is adopted to obtain a measuring point C i Position coordinates of (C) i (x i ,y i )；
Step (ii) of3.3, whenever the rapid acoustic detection device R moves to a station C i When the device is in a position, the sound wave rapid detection device R carries out sound wave rapid detection in the following mode:
the sound wave emission unit of the sound wave rapid detection device R emits sound waves in the vertical direction to the target reflecting layer, the sound waves are reflected by the corresponding position of the target reflecting layer to form sound wave echo waves which are received by the sound wave receiving unit, and therefore a measuring point C is obtained i Corresponding acoustic detection signals; wherein, the and-measuring point C i The corresponding acoustic detection signal is a three-component acoustic detection signal, comprising: an X-component acoustic detection signal, a Y-component acoustic detection signal and a Z-component acoustic detection signal;
and 4, therefore, after all measuring points of the tunnel lining detection section are subjected to rapid sound wave detection, obtaining a measuring point C corresponding to each measuring point i (x i ,y i ) Corresponding three-component acoustic detection signals; the following method is adopted for each measuring point C i (x i ,y i ) And (3) carrying out data processing on the corresponding three-component sound wave detection signals:
obtaining and measuring point C according to signal travel time of three-component sound wave detection signal i (x i ,y i ) Corresponding target detection point D i Depth z of i (ii) a Since the acoustic wave emitting unit emits the acoustic wave in the vertical direction to the target reflection layer, the target detection point D i X-direction coordinate and measuring point C i Have the same x-direction coordinate, and a target detection point D i Y-direction coordinate of (1) and measuring point C i Is the same, thereby obtaining a target detection point D i Has a three-dimensional coordinate of (x) i ,y i ,z i ) (ii) a Extracting amplitude characteristic signals from the three-component sound wave detection signals, wherein the amplitude characteristic signals are respectively as follows: lambda [ alpha ] ix 、λ iy And λ iz Wherein: lambda [ alpha ] ix Representing a target detection point D i Amplitude X component of (b), λ iy Representing a target detection point D i Amplitude Y component of (a), λ iz Representing a target detection point D i The amplitude Z component of (a); thereby obtaining a target detection point D i Characteristic information of X component(x i ,y i ,z i ,λ ix ) Y component feature information (x) i ,y i ,z i ,λ iy ) And Z component characteristic information (x) i ,y i ,z i ,λ iz )；
Step 5, positioning and splicing the images in three-dimensional space, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
carrying out space positioning splicing on the X component characteristic information of the target detection points corresponding to all the detection points to form an X component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection image of the tunnel lining detection section; the splicing method comprises the following steps: establishing an X-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing coordinate system; in the coordinate system, the three-dimensional coordinates of each target detection point are expressed in the coordinate system, then the corresponding amplitude characteristic signals are marked at the corresponding position points of the coordinate system through predefined colors, and finally an X-component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection graph expressed through colors is formed;
carrying out space positioning splicing on the Y component characteristic information of the target detection points corresponding to all the measurement points to form a Y component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection diagram of the tunnel lining detection section;
carrying out space positioning splicing on the Z component characteristic information of the target detection points corresponding to all the measuring points to form a Z component sound wave rapid nondestructive detection diagram of the tunnel lining detection section;
and 6, synthesizing the X-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing diagram, the Y-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing diagram and the Z-component sound wave rapid nondestructive testing diagram into a tunnel lining quality detection three-dimensional diagram, and displaying the three-dimensional diagram.
2. The method for rapidly and nondestructively detecting the quality of the tunnel lining according to claim 1, wherein the sound wave emitting unit adopts a tubular electromagnet controllable shock excitation device.
3. The method for rapidly nondestructive testing of tunnel lining quality by using acoustic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acoustic wave receiving unit is a clinging type triaxial acceleration sensor.
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Denomination of invention: A fast non-destructive testing method for tunnel lining quality using acoustic waves Effective date of registration: 20230925 Granted publication date: 20220930 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited Kunming Guandu Branch Pledgor: YUNNAN AEROSPACE ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY INSPECTION Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023530000059 |