CN112922994A - Composite energy absorption structure based on degradable material and 3D printing process thereof - Google Patents
Composite energy absorption structure based on degradable material and 3D printing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite energy absorption structure based on a degradable material and a 3D printing process thereof, wherein the composite energy absorption structure comprises end plates positioned on two sides and a negative Poisson ratio-honeycomb type energy absorption area which is arranged between the two end plates and is made of the degradable material, the negative Poisson ratio-honeycomb type energy absorption area is composed of a honeycomb structure monomer layer and a negative Poisson ratio structure monomer layer which are sequentially and alternately arranged, the honeycomb structure monomer layer is composed of a plurality of honeycomb structure monomers which are arranged side by side, the negative Poisson ratio structure monomer layer is composed of a plurality of negative Poisson ratio structure monomers which are arranged side by side, and the cross section of the negative Poisson ratio structure monomer is in an inwards folded hexagon shape. Compared with the prior art, the 3D printing method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the molten materials are stacked and formed in a layer-by-layer stacking mode, the complex modeling can be realized, meanwhile, the printed composite energy absorption structure can realize the 'stiffness and softness' of the energy absorption structure, and the buffering efficiency can be realized more efficiently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy absorption structure preparation, and relates to a 3D printing process of a composite energy absorption structure based on a degradable material.
Background
The energy absorption structure is a structure for absorbing energy, and a honeycomb structure is taken as a typical representative traditional porous composite structure, so that the energy absorption structure has high in-plane and out-of-plane rigidity and good energy absorption capacity. For porous structures, plateau stress is an important indicator for evaluating energy absorption performance. A porous structure with excellent energy absorption should have the characteristics of high platform stress, long duration, stable platform stress, etc. The existing honeycomb energy absorption structure generally presents a positive Poisson ratio macroscopically, and the energy absorption structure with a single structure is relatively soft and weak in impact resistance. Meanwhile, the honeycomb energy absorption structure is generally manufactured by using large-scale equipment and a multi-step and multi-flow forming mode, so that the design requirements and the product requirements of miniaturization and customization are not met. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a composite energy-absorbing structure based on a degradable material and a 3D printing process thereof so as to realize 'stiffness and softness' of the energy-absorbing structure and/or provide a brand-new manufacturing process.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
one of the technical schemes of the invention is to provide a composite energy absorption structure based on a degradable material, which comprises end plates positioned at two sides and a negative Poisson ratio-honeycomb type energy absorption area which is arranged between the two end plates and is made of the degradable material, wherein the negative Poisson ratio-honeycomb type energy absorption area is composed of a honeycomb structure monomer layer and a negative Poisson ratio structure monomer layer which are sequentially and alternately arranged, the honeycomb structure monomer layer is composed of a plurality of honeycomb structure monomers which are arranged side by side, the negative Poisson ratio structure monomer layer is composed of a plurality of negative Poisson ratio structure monomers which are arranged side by side, and the cross section of each negative Poisson ratio structure monomer is of an inward-folded hexagon (namely, the side edges of the hexagon are bent inwards, so that two internal angles of the hexagon are more than 180 degrees).
Further, the honeycomb structure single bodies in the honeycomb structure single body layer are provided with at least two rows.
Furthermore, at least two rows of negative poisson ratio structural monomers in the negative poisson ratio structural monomer layer are arranged.
Further, the length of two opposite bottom sides of the honeycomb structural monomer is recorded as a, the lengths of four side sides are recorded as b, the maximum width of the side parts is recorded as c, and the thickness of the monomer is recorded as t; the relative quantity of the monomers with the negative Poisson ratio structure to the bottom side is recorded as c ', the lengths of the four side edges are recorded as b', the minimum width of the side parts is recorded as a ', and the thickness of the monomers is t'.
Furthermore, two adjacent rows of honeycomb structure single bodies of the same honeycomb structure single body layer are stacked in a mode of bottom edge to bottom edge, and two adjacent rows of honeycomb structure single bodies of the same row are connected through a connecting rod with the length equal to the length of the bottom edge of the connecting rod, so that a cavity with the shape matched with that of the honeycomb structure single body is formed between the two adjacent rows of honeycomb structure single bodies; at this time, a "negative poisson's ratio-honeycomb" composite structure interface region is sandwiched between two honeycomb structure monomer layers. The bottom edges of the honeycomb structural monomers and the negative Poisson ratio structural monomers respectively face the end plates, the bottom edges of the honeycomb structural monomers face grooves formed between two adjacent negative Poisson ratio monomers in the same row, and at the moment, a is a ', c is c ', and t is t '. Preferably, the size range a is 4-6mm, the size range c is 6-9mm, the included angle α between two adjacent side edges of the honeycomb structural monomer ranges from 110-.
Furthermore, two adjacent rows of honeycomb structural monomers of the same honeycomb structural monomer layer are stacked in a side-to-side mode, and the honeycomb structural monomers of the same row are arranged side by side in a bottom edge-to-bottom edge mode; at this time, the two layers of monomers can be naturally transited to form a zero-thickness zigzag section. The side edges of the honeycomb structural monomer and the negative poisson ratio structural monomer face the end plate respectively, the side edge of the honeycomb structural monomer is over against the side edge of the negative poisson ratio structural monomer, and at the moment, b is b ', and t is t'.
Further preferably, when the end plates are bordered by a layer of honeycomb structural monomers, the layer of honeycomb structural monomers extends in an arrangement for half a period in the direction of the end plates and the length of the extension is close to a/2, preferably equal to (0.85 to 1.12). times.a/2.
Further preferably, when the end plate is bordered by a layer of negative poisson's ratio structural monomers, the layer of negative poisson's ratio structural monomers extends in an arrangement toward the end plate for half a period and the length of the extension is close to c '/2, preferably equal to (0.88-1.17) × c'/2.
The invention is characterized in that a negative Poisson ratio structure monomer layer is added on a conventional honeycomb structure in a compounding way, the whole stress-strain curve of the negative Poisson ratio structure is divided into four areas, namely an elastic area, a platform stress enhancement area and a densification area. When the honeycomb structure is subjected to external pressure, the honeycomb structure firstly generates yield deformation, the negative Poisson ratio structure also generates yield deformation along with the increase of force, compared with a common honeycomb structure, the composite energy absorption structure has the problem that the platform stress is enhanced after a platform area on a structural stress strain curve due to the existence of the negative Poisson ratio effect, the occupied ratio of the composite energy absorption structure in the area surrounded by stress strain is larger at this stage, and therefore the stage has a non-negligible effect on the whole energy absorption capacity of the structure. Secondly, the honeycomb structure area is relatively flexible and bears the function of large deformation energy absorption; and the inflected hexagonal negative Poisson ratio structural region has stronger structural rigidity due to larger deformation-resistant internal force and bears a relatively rigid impact-resistant function. The two structures are combined together, so that the rigidity and the flexibility of the energy absorption structure are combined, and the buffering efficiency is realized more efficiently.
Further, the degradable material is a PLA material and the like.
The second technical scheme of the invention is to provide a 3D printing method of a composite energy-absorbing structure based on a degradable material, which comprises the following steps:
printing and forming the honeycomb structure monomer layer and the negative poisson ratio structure monomer layer by taking an X-Y plane where the bottom edges and the side edges of the honeycomb structure monomer and the negative poisson ratio structure monomer are located as a printing plane, wherein an X-Y-Z coordinate system is as follows: the direction parallel to the end plate is taken as the X direction, the direction vertical to the end plate is taken as the Y direction, and the thickness direction along the honeycomb structure monomer or the negative Poisson ratio structure monomer is taken as the Z direction.
Further, by adopting an FDM process, in the printing process: the thickness of each layer is preferably 0.1-0.4mm when printed. The diameter of the spinning is preferably 1.75 to 3mm, and the diameter of the nozzle is preferably 0.1 to 0.8 mm. The printing temperature is preferably 190-210 ℃, and the temperature of the hot bed is preferably 60-70 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the energy-absorbing structure, the honeycomb structure monomer layer and the negative Poisson ratio structure monomer layer are compounded to obtain the energy-absorbing structure, and compared with a conventional single honeycomb energy-absorbing structure, the energy-absorbing structure can achieve 'stiffness and softness' of the energy-absorbing structure and achieve buffering efficiency more efficiently.
(2) The platform stress range obtained by printing the structure is 0380-0.430 MPa, the maximum strain of the platform is 32-45%, and the specific energy absorption value Es is 1.047-1.123KJ/m3And the energy absorption efficiency is 65-75%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite energy absorbing structure;
FIG. 2 is another schematic view of a composite energy absorbing structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a honeycomb-structured single body;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a negative Poisson ratio structural monomer;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the resulting finished product;
the notation in the figure is:
1-honeycomb structural monomer, 2-negative poisson ratio structural monomer and 3-end plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is to provide a composite energy absorption structure based on a degradable material, which comprises end plates 3 positioned at two sides and a negative Poisson ratio-honeycomb type energy absorption area which is arranged between the two end plates 3 and is made of the degradable material, wherein the negative Poisson ratio-honeycomb type energy absorption area is composed of a honeycomb structure monomer layer and a negative Poisson ratio structure monomer layer which are sequentially and alternately arranged, the honeycomb structure monomer layer is composed of a plurality of honeycomb structure monomers 1 which are arranged side by side, the negative Poisson ratio structure monomer layer is composed of a plurality of negative Poisson ratio structure monomers 2 which are arranged side by side, and the cross section of each negative Poisson ratio structure monomer 2 is of an inward-folded hexagon (namely, the side edge of the hexagon is bent inwards, so that two internal angles of the hexagon are more than 180 degrees).
In a specific embodiment of the above aspect, the honeycomb structural unit 1 in the honeycomb structural unit layer is provided with at least two rows.
In a specific embodiment of the above solution, the negative poisson's ratio structural single bodies 2 in the negative poisson's ratio structural single body layer are provided with at least two rows.
In a specific embodiment of the above scheme, referring to fig. 3 and 4, two opposite bottom edge lengths of the honeycomb structural single body 1 are denoted as a, four side edge lengths are denoted as b, the maximum width of the side portions is denoted as c, and the thickness of the single body is denoted as t; the quantity of the monomer 2 with the negative Poisson ratio structure is recorded as c 'relative to the bottom side length, the length of the four side edges is recorded as b', the minimum width of the side parts is recorded as a ', and the thickness of the monomer is t'.
Further, referring to fig. 1 and 5, two adjacent rows of honeycomb-structure single bodies 1 of the same honeycomb-structure single body layer are stacked in a bottom edge to bottom edge manner, and two adjacent rows of honeycomb-structure single bodies 1 of the same honeycomb-structure single body layer are connected through a connecting rod with the length equal to the length of the bottom edge of the connecting rod, so that a cavity with the shape matched with that of the honeycomb-structure single body 1 is formed between the two adjacent rows of honeycomb-structure single bodies 1; at this time, a "negative poisson's ratio-honeycomb" composite structure interface region is sandwiched between two honeycomb structure monomer layers. The bottom edges of the honeycomb-shaped structural single body 1 and the negative poisson ratio structural single body 2 respectively face the end plate 3, and the bottom edge of the honeycomb-shaped structural single body 1 faces a groove formed between two adjacent negative poisson ratio single bodies in the same row, at this time, a ═ a ', c ═ c ', and t ═ t '. Preferably, referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4 again, the size range a is 4-6mm, c is 6-9mm, and the included angle α between two adjacent side edges of the honeycomb structural unit 1 is 110-.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, two adjacent rows of honeycomb structural single bodies 1 of the same honeycomb structural single body layer are stacked in a side-to-side manner, and the honeycomb structural single bodies 1 of the same row are arranged side by side in a bottom-to-bottom manner; at this time, the two layers of monomers can be naturally transited to form a zero-thickness zigzag section. The side edges of the honeycomb-shaped structural single body 1 and the negative poisson ratio structural single body 2 face the end plate 3 respectively, and the side edge of the honeycomb-shaped structural single body 1 is over against the side edge of the negative poisson ratio structural single body 2, at this time, b ═ b ', and t ═ t'.
Further preferably, when the end plate 3 is bordered by a layer of honeycomb structural monomers, the layer of honeycomb structural monomers extends in an arrangement for half a period in the direction of the end plate 3, and the length of the extended portion extends for a length close to a/2, preferably equal to (0.85 to 1.12). times.a/2.
It is further preferred that when the end plate 3 is bordered by a layer of negative poisson's ratio structural monomers, the layer of negative poisson's ratio structural monomers extends in an arrangement toward the end plate 3 for half a period and the length of the extension is close to c '/2, preferably equal to (0.88-1.17) × c'/2.
In a specific embodiment of the above scheme, the degradable material is a PLA material or the like.
The second technical scheme of the invention is to provide a 3D printing method of a composite energy-absorbing structure based on a degradable material, which comprises the following steps:
printing and forming the honeycomb structure monomer layer and the negative poisson ratio structure monomer layer by taking an X-Y plane where the bottom edges and the side edges of the honeycomb structure monomer 1 and the negative poisson ratio structure monomer 2 are located as a printing plane, wherein an X-Y-Z coordinate system is as follows: the direction parallel to the end plate 3 is taken as the X direction, the direction perpendicular to the end plate 3 is taken as the Y direction, and the thickness direction along the honeycomb structural single body 1 or the negative poisson ratio structural single body 2 is taken as the Z direction.
In a specific implementation manner of the above scheme, an FDM process is adopted, and in the printing process: the thickness of each layer is preferably 0.1-0.4mm when printed. The layered thickness refers to the distance between layers when the three-dimensional data model is sliced by slicing software, i.e., the thickness of each layer when printed. The smaller the layer thickness is set, the higher the model precision is, the longer the molding time is, and the lower the processing efficiency is; on the contrary, the rougher the surface of the part is, the shorter the forming time is, and the higher the processing efficiency is. In general, the layer thickness is set to 0.1-0.4mm, the maximum not exceeding the print head aperture.
The diameter of the spinning is preferably 1.75 to 3mm, and the diameter of the nozzle is preferably 0.1 to 0.8 mm.
The printing temperature is preferably 190-210 ℃, and the temperature of the hot bed is preferably 60-70 ℃. The forming temperature includes the head printing temperature and the ambient temperature (i.e., hot bed temperature for a conventional fdm printer). The printing temperature refers to the heating temperature of the nozzle during printing. Different printing materials have different melting points. The print temperature setting will depend on the specific material. When the temperature is too high, bubbles are mixed in the extruded fuse wire, and the phenomena of material collapse and wire drawing are easily generated. Too low a temperature causes insufficient heating of the fuse, resulting in nozzle clogging or delamination. The ambient temperature affects the magnitude of the thermal stress in the molded part. The temperature is high, which is helpful for reducing thermal stress, but the surface of the part is easy to wrinkle; the temperature is low, the thermal stress is increased, the interlayer bonding of the parts is not firm, and the cracking and warping deformation are easy to occur.
The adhesion platform is preferably edgewise to prevent buckling.
The cross-sectional direction as shown in fig. 1 and 2 is the direction parallel to the printing substrate (i.e., the X-Y plane), and the stretching direction is the Z-axis direction. Because the strength of the part in the vertical direction (Z direction) is weak, the surface profile precision and the surface roughness quality in the vertical direction and the Z direction are high. Therefore, during the molding process, it is preferable to mold the cross section where the energy absorption shrinkage mainly occurs along the XY plane to ensure the quality of the product in an optimum state.
The above embodiments may be implemented individually, or in any combination of two.
The above embodiments will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a 3D printing method of a composite energy absorption structure based on a degradable material, the composite energy absorption structure is specifically shown in fig. 1, and includes end plates 3 located at both sides, and a negative poisson ratio-honeycomb type energy absorption region made of the degradable material and arranged between the two end plates 3, the negative poisson ratio-honeycomb type energy absorption region is composed of a honeycomb structure monomer layer and a negative poisson ratio structure monomer layer which are sequentially and alternately arranged, wherein the honeycomb structure monomer layer is composed of a plurality of honeycomb structure monomers 1 arranged side by side, the negative poisson ratio structure monomer layer is composed of a plurality of negative poisson ratio structure monomers 2 arranged side by side, and the cross section of the negative poisson ratio structure monomer 2 is an inflected hexagon (namely, the side edge of the hexagon is bent inwards, so that two internal angles of the hexagon are greater than 180 °).
Referring to fig. 1 again, the honeycomb structural single bodies 1 in the honeycomb structural single body layer are provided with a plurality of rows, and the negative poisson's ratio structural single bodies 2 in the negative poisson's ratio structural single body layer are provided with a plurality of rows.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the length of two opposite bottom sides of the honeycomb-shaped structural single body 1 is marked as a, the length of four side sides is marked as b, the maximum width of the side parts is marked as c, and the thickness of the single body is t; the quantity of the monomer 2 with the negative Poisson ratio structure is recorded as c 'relative to the bottom side length, the length of the four side edges is recorded as b', the minimum width of the side parts is recorded as a ', and the thickness of the monomer is t'.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, two adjacent rows of honeycomb-structure single bodies 1 of the same honeycomb-structure single body layer are stacked in a bottom edge to bottom edge manner, and two adjacent rows of honeycomb-structure single bodies 1 of the same row are connected through a connecting rod equal to the length of the bottom edge of the connecting rod, so that a cavity matched with the honeycomb-structure single bodies 1 in shape is formed between the two adjacent rows of honeycomb-structure single bodies 1; at this time, a "negative poisson's ratio-honeycomb" composite structure interface region is sandwiched between two honeycomb structure monomer layers. The bottom edges of the honeycomb-shaped structural single body 1 and the negative poisson ratio structural single body 2 respectively face the end plate 3, and the bottom edge of the honeycomb-shaped structural single body 1 faces a groove formed between two adjacent negative poisson ratio single bodies in the same row, at this time, a ═ a ', c ═ c ', and t ═ t '. The size range a is 4-6mm, the size range c is 6-9mm, the included angle range of two adjacent side edges of the honeycomb structural monomer 1 is 110-130 degrees, and the edge width or the wall thickness is 0.9-1.5 mm.
The printing process parameters of the present embodiment are as follows:
the material is as follows: PLA 95A
The composite structure has two monomer size parameter relationships of a ═ a ', that is, c ═ c', wherein the size range a is 4mm, c ═ 8mm, and the range of the included angle between two adjacent side walls is α ═ 115 degrees. The edge width or wall thickness t is 1.3 mm.
Layer thickness: 0.2-0.4 mm.
The diameter of the spinning jet was 1.75 mm.
Nozzle aperture: 0.4 mm.
Printing speed: 40 mm/s.
Printing temperature: 190 ℃ to 210 ℃, hot bed temperature: 60-70 ℃.
Performing compression and impact tests on the structure to obtain a stress-strain curve, wherein the obtained platform stress range is 3.0-3.5MPa, and the specific energy absorption value Es ranges from 6.5 KJ/m to 6.7KJ/m3. The stress range is 35.0-40.0MPa, and the strain range is 50-60%.
Example 2
Compared with embodiment 1, most of the printing process parameters are the same except that the printing process parameters of the embodiment are as follows:
the material is as follows: PLA;
the composite structure has two monomer size parameter relationships of a ═ a ', namely c ═ c', wherein the size range a is 4mm, c ═ 8mm, and the range of the included angle between two adjacent side walls is α ═ 115 degrees. The edge width or wall thickness t is 1.3 mm.
Layer thickness: 0.2-0.4 mm.
The diameter of the filament is 1.75 mm.
Nozzle aperture: 0.4 mm.
Printing speed: 40 mm/s.
Printing temperature: 205-: 60-70 ℃.
Performing compression and impact tests on the structure to obtain a stress-strain curve, wherein the obtained platform stress range is 3.1-3.4MPa, and the specific energy absorption value Es ranges from 6.4-6.8KJ/m3The stress magnitude is in the range of 33-38MPa and the strain range is 48-55%.
Example 3
Compared with the embodiment 1, most of the energy absorption structures are the same, except that the composite energy absorption structure in the embodiment is replaced by the structure shown in fig. 2, specifically:
two adjacent rows of honeycomb structural monomers 1 of the same honeycomb structural monomer layer are stacked in a side-to-side mode, and the honeycomb structural monomers 1 of the same row are arranged side by side in a bottom edge-to-bottom edge mode; at this time, the two layers of monomers can be naturally transited to form a zero-thickness zigzag section. The side edges of the honeycomb-shaped structural single body 1 and the negative poisson ratio structural single body 2 face the end plate 3 respectively, and the side edge of the honeycomb-shaped structural single body 1 is over against the side edge of the negative poisson ratio structural single body 2, at this time, b ═ b ', and t ═ t'.
When the end plate 3 is adjoined by the honeycomb structure monomer layer, the honeycomb structure monomer layer extends for half a period towards the end plate 3 direction according to the arrangement structure, and the length of the extending part is close to a/2, preferably equal to (0.85-1.12) multiplied by a/2.
When the end plate 3 is adjoined by the negative Poisson ratio structural monomer layer, the negative Poisson ratio structural monomer layer extends for half a period towards the end plate 3 in an arrangement structure, and the length of the extending part is close to c '/2, and is preferably equal to (0.88-1.17) multiplied by c'/2.
The FDM printing process flow used in the above embodiment is a conventional technique in the art, and can be specifically referred to (husky friend, li yu navigation, flying around the world, continent, dongqi, wangbin, zhao mei, xiao yu morning. mechanical property experimental study of Fused Deposition (FDM)3D printed shaped piece [ J. The remainder of the starting materials or process techniques, if not specifically mentioned, are all those which are customary in the art and are commercially available.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a compound energy-absorbing structure based on degradable material, its characterized in that, is including the end plate that is located both sides to and set up the negative poisson ratio-honeycomb type energy-absorbing region made by degradable material between the both ends board, negative poisson ratio-honeycomb type energy-absorbing region comprises honeycomb structure monomer layer and the negative poisson ratio structure monomer layer of alternate arrangement in proper order, wherein, honeycomb structure monomer layer comprises a plurality of honeycomb structure monomers that set up side by side, negative poisson ratio structure monomer layer comprises a plurality of negative poisson ratio structure monomers that set up side by side, negative poisson ratio structure monomer's cross-section is the inflected hexagon.
2. The composite energy absorbing structure based on degradable material according to claim 1, wherein the honeycomb structural monomers in the honeycomb structural monomer layer are provided with at least two rows;
the negative Poisson ratio structure single bodies in the negative Poisson ratio structure single body layer are provided with at least two rows.
3. The composite energy absorption structure based on the degradable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of two opposite bottom edges of the honeycomb structural monomer is recorded as a, the length of four side edges is recorded as b, the maximum width of the side parts is recorded as c, and the thickness of the monomer is t; the relative quantity of the monomers with the negative Poisson ratio structure to the bottom side is recorded as c ', the lengths of the four side edges are recorded as b', the minimum width of the side parts is recorded as a ', and the thickness of the monomers is t'.
4. The composite energy absorption structure based on the degradable material as claimed in claim 3, wherein two adjacent rows of honeycomb structure monomers of the same honeycomb structure monomer layer are stacked in a bottom edge to bottom edge manner, and two adjacent honeycomb structure monomers of the same row are connected through a connecting rod with the length equal to the length of the bottom edge of the connecting rod, so that a cavity with the shape matched with that of the honeycomb structure monomer is formed between the two adjacent rows of honeycomb structure monomers;
the bottom edges of the honeycomb structural monomers and the negative Poisson ratio structural monomers respectively face the end plates, the bottom edges of the honeycomb structural monomers face grooves formed between two adjacent negative Poisson ratio monomers in the same row, and at the moment, a is a ', c is c ', and t is t '.
5. The composite energy absorption structure based on the degradable material as claimed in claim 4, wherein two adjacent rows of honeycomb structure monomers of the same honeycomb structure monomer layer are stacked in a side-to-side manner, and the honeycomb structure monomers of the same row are arranged side by side in a bottom-to-bottom manner;
the side edges of the honeycomb structural monomer and the negative poisson ratio structural monomer face the end plate respectively, the side edge of the honeycomb structural monomer is over against the side edge of the negative poisson ratio structural monomer, and at the moment, b is b ', and t is t'.
6. The composite energy absorbing structure based on degradable material as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the honeycomb structural monomer layer is adjacent to the end plate, the honeycomb structural monomer layer extends for half a period in an arrangement structure towards the end plate, and the length of the extended part is equal to (0.85-1.12) x a/2.
7. The composite energy absorbing structure based on degradable materials of claim 5, wherein when the end plates are bordered by the negative Poisson ratio structural monomer layer, the negative Poisson ratio structural monomer layer extends for half a period in an arrangement structure towards the end plates, and the length of the extending part is equal to (0.88-1.17) x c'/2.
8. The composite energy absorbing structure based on degradable material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degradable material is PLA material.
9. 3D printing method of a composite energy absorbing structure based on degradable material according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
printing and forming the honeycomb structure monomer layer and the negative poisson ratio structure monomer layer by taking an X-Y plane where the bottom edges and the side edges of the honeycomb structure monomer and the negative poisson ratio structure monomer are located as a printing plane, wherein an X-Y-Z coordinate system is as follows: the direction parallel to the end plate is taken as the X direction, the direction vertical to the end plate is taken as the Y direction, and the thickness direction along the honeycomb structure monomer or the negative Poisson ratio structure monomer is taken as the Z direction.
10. The 3D printing method of the composite energy absorption structure based on the degradable material as claimed in claim 9, wherein an FDM process is adopted, and in the printing process:
the thickness of each layer is 0.1-0.4mm during printing; the diameter of the spinning is 1.75-3mm, and the aperture of the nozzle is 0.1-0.8 mm;
the printing temperature is 190-210 ℃, and the temperature of the hot bed is 60-70 ℃.
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