CN112922848A - Axial force self-balancing coupling device of centrifugal pump and axial force measuring method - Google Patents
Axial force self-balancing coupling device of centrifugal pump and axial force measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112922848A CN112922848A CN202110132607.5A CN202110132607A CN112922848A CN 112922848 A CN112922848 A CN 112922848A CN 202110132607 A CN202110132607 A CN 202110132607A CN 112922848 A CN112922848 A CN 112922848A
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- gear pair
- driving side
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0088—Testing machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
- F04D29/041—Axial thrust balancing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
- F04D29/043—Shafts
- F04D29/044—Arrangements for joining or assembling shafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/669—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for liquid pumps
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-balancing coupling device for axial force of a centrifugal pump, which comprises a box body (4), wherein a wheel side gear set, an impeller side baffle (52), a driving side baffle (51) and a driving side gear set are sequentially and vertically arranged in the box body (4) from left to right; the first gear pair (31) on the impeller side is meshed with the main gear (2) on the impeller side in a mutual gear manner, and the main gear (2) on the impeller side is meshed with the second gear pair (32) on the impeller side in a mutual gear manner; the first gear pair (71) at the driving side and the main gear (8) at the driving side are meshed with each other, and the main gear (8) at the driving side and the second gear pair (72) at the driving side are meshed with each other. The invention also provides a method for measuring the axial force by using the axial force self-balancing coupling device of the centrifugal pump. The invention can realize self-balance of axial force.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of centrifugal pumps, in particular to a coupling device for axial force self-balancing of a centrifugal pump and a corresponding axial force measuring method.
Background
The centrifugal pump is the most widely used pump, and is not only applied to the industrial and agricultural fields such as petroleum, chemical engineering, water conservancy and the like, but also applied to the high-tech fields such as aviation, nuclear energy and the like. The centrifugal pump impeller is induced by the fluid to generate an axial force on the centrifugal pump, and the axial force not only causes stress deformation of the rotor component, but also influences the transverse and axial vibration characteristics of the rotor system. Therefore, balancing the axial forces of centrifugal pumps has been an important issue in the field of centrifugal pumps. The existing mechanisms for balancing the axial force of the centrifugal pump mainly comprise: balance disc, balance drum, balance hole, thrust bearing, etc. The balance disc and the balance drum are large in size and high in cost, axial force cannot be completely balanced by the balance hole, and water conservancy loss caused by leakage can be caused; the thrust bearing has a complex structure, needs an independent pressure oil supply system, is mainly used for a high-power large-size centrifugal pump, and is not suitable for common station pumps in agriculture and process industry and small or micro pumps with strict size limitation. Therefore, the external device with the axial force self-balancing and measuring functions for the centrifugal pump has important engineering application value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a centrifugal pump axial force self-balancing coupling device with a simple structure and convenience in use and a corresponding axial force measuring method.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a coupling device for self-balancing axial force of a centrifugal pump and an axial force measuring method, wherein the coupling device comprises: the impeller side baffle plate is arranged on the driving side baffle plate, and the driving side gear set is arranged in the box body;
the impeller-side gear set comprises a first impeller-side gear pair, a main impeller-side gear and a second impeller-side gear pair which are vertically and sequentially arranged, the respective working centers of the first impeller-side gear pair, the main impeller-side gear and the second impeller-side gear pair are on the same vertical line, the first impeller-side gear pair and the main impeller-side gear are meshed with each other in a gear manner, and the main impeller-side gear and the second impeller-side gear pair are meshed with each other in a gear manner;
the driving side gear set comprises a driving side first gear pair, a driving side main gear and a driving side second gear pair which are vertically and sequentially arranged, the respective working centers of the driving side first gear pair, the driving side main gear and the driving side second gear pair are on the same vertical line, the driving side first gear pair and the driving side main gear are meshed with each other in a gear manner, and the driving side main gear and the driving side second gear pair are meshed with each other in a gear manner;
the working centers of the impeller side main gear and the driving side main gear are positioned on a horizontal straight line of an axis, a first supporting shaft and a second supporting shaft are arranged in the box body in an up-down symmetrical mode about the horizontal straight line of the axis, the first supporting shaft is horizontally and transversely arranged and penetrates through the impeller side first gear pair, the impeller side baffle, the driving side baffle and the driving side first gear pair, and the second supporting shaft is horizontally and transversely arranged and penetrates through the impeller side second gear pair, the impeller side baffle, the driving side baffle and the driving side second gear pair; the impeller side first gear pair and the driving side first gear pair are fixedly connected with the first support shaft, and the impeller side second gear pair and the driving side second gear pair are fixedly connected with the second support shaft;
between impeller side shield and the drive side shield, be equipped with first spring on first back shaft, be equipped with the second spring on the second back shaft, the respective free state length of first spring and second spring is equal to or more than impeller side shield and drive side shield's interval.
The invention relates to an improvement of a coupling device for self-balancing axial force of a centrifugal pump, which comprises the following steps:
the impeller side main gear and the driving side main gear are consistent in shape, size and tooth number;
the impeller-side first gear pair, the impeller-side second gear pair, the driving-side first gear pair and the driving-side second gear pair are consistent in shape, size and tooth number;
the size and the number of teeth of the impeller-side main gear or the driving-side main gear are correspondingly larger than those of the impeller-side first gear pair or the impeller-side second gear pair or the driving-side first gear pair or the driving-side second gear pair.
The invention relates to a further improvement of a coupling device for self-balancing axial force of a centrifugal pump, which comprises the following steps:
the first support shaft is positioned between the left side wall of the box body and the impeller side baffle, the impeller side first ball bearing, the impeller side first shaft sleeve, the impeller side first gear pair, the impeller side second shaft sleeve and the impeller side second ball bearing are sequentially and tightly attached from left to right, and the first support shaft is positioned between the driving side baffle and the right side wall of the box body, and the driving side first ball bearing, the driving side first shaft sleeve, the driving side first gear pair, the driving side second shaft sleeve and the driving side second ball bearing are sequentially and tightly attached from left to right; two ends of the first supporting shaft are fixedly connected with two side walls of the box body through a first ball bearing at the impeller side and a second ball bearing at the driving side respectively;
the second support shaft is positioned between the left side wall of the box body and the impeller side baffle, the impeller side third ball bearing, the impeller side third shaft sleeve, the impeller side second gear pair, the impeller side fourth shaft sleeve and the impeller side fourth ball bearing are sequentially and tightly attached from left to right, and the second support shaft is positioned between the driving side baffle and the right side wall of the box body, and the driving side third ball bearing, the driving side third shaft sleeve, the driving side second gear pair, the driving side fourth shaft sleeve and the driving side fourth ball bearing are sequentially and tightly attached from left to right; and two ends of the second supporting shaft are fixedly connected with two side walls of the box body through a third ball bearing on the impeller side and a fourth ball bearing on the driving side respectively.
The invention relates to a further improvement of a coupling device for self-balancing axial force of a centrifugal pump, which comprises the following steps:
the box body is integrally made of transparent materials, the side walls of the left side and the right side of the box body are of detachable structures, a lifting support is arranged at the left and right positions of the bottom of the box body respectively, an impeller side through hole is formed in the center position of the left side wall of the box body, a driving side through hole is formed in the center position of the right side wall of the box body, and the centers of the impeller side through hole and the driving side through hole are both on an axis horizontal straight line; a scale reading area is arranged at the middle position of the front surface of the box body;
the top in the box body is provided with a driving side baffle plate upper support and an impeller side baffle plate upper support, the impeller side baffle plate is vertically erected between the driving side baffle plate upper support and the impeller side baffle plate upper support and is in sliding connection with the impeller side baffle plate upper support and the impeller side baffle plate lower support;
the bottom in the box is equipped with a drive side baffle lower carriage and an impeller side baffle lower carriage, and the drive side baffle erects perpendicularly between drive side baffle lower carriage and impeller side baffle lower carriage, and be sliding connection with drive side baffle upper bracket, drive side baffle lower carriage.
The invention relates to a further improvement of a coupling device for self-balancing axial force of a centrifugal pump, which comprises the following steps:
the central position of the impeller side baffle is fixedly provided with a u-shaped impeller side pointer, the driving side baffle is fixedly provided with a u-shaped driving side pointer, and the indicating positions of the impeller side pointer and the driving side pointer are both positioned in the scale reading area range.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the axial force by using the coupling device for self-balancing the axial force of the centrifugal pump, which comprises the following steps:
1) the high-speed camera is fixedly arranged outside the box body and opposite to the position of the scale reading area, the high-speed camera is set to acquire image data of the positions of the impeller side pointer and the driving side pointer once every 3s, the acquisition time is 1 minute, and 20 times of image data are acquired in total;
the scale reading indicated by the initial position of the impeller-side pointer is recorded as x1,
recording the scale reading indicated by the initial position of the driving side pointer as x 2;
2) starting a motor of the centrifugal pump to enable a coupling device with self-balancing axial force of the centrifugal pump to start working, and starting a high-speed camera when the positions indicated by the impeller side pointer and the driving side pointer are stable and do not move obviously;
after one minute, the high-speed camera stops working, the motor of the centrifugal pump is turned off, and the image data acquisition is finished; counting the scale readings indicated by the position data of 20 groups of impeller side pointers and driving side pointers in the acquired image data, then taking the average value of the scale readings indicated by the position data of 20 groups of impeller side pointers as x3, and taking the average value of the scale readings indicated by the position data of 20 groups of driving side pointers as x 4;
3) and solving the axial force by using Hooke's law:
f ═ k1 × [ (x2-x1) - (x4-x3) ] + k2 × [ (x2-x1) - (x4-x3) ] (formula 1)
Wherein: k1 is the first spring rate, and k2 is the second spring rate.
The invention has the following technical advantages:
1. the invention transmits the torque of the motor shaft to the pump shaft through the gear set, and simultaneously selects the spring meeting certain condition parameters to be connected with the fixed baffle, thereby realizing self-balance of axial force;
2. the invention collects data by using the visual shell and a high-speed camera to shoot, thereby realizing the function of measuring the axial force;
3. the invention has the advantages that the parts can be disassembled and assembled conveniently, the size of the transmission gear can be changed according to the size of the actual pump shaft, the data acquisition precision is higher, and the practicability and the precision of the device are improved.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a centrifugal pump axial force self-balancing coupling device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the case 4 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing axial force of a pump versus flow rate before and after the present invention is used.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto:
embodiment 1, a centrifugal pump axial force self-balancing coupling device is arranged between a pump shaft and a motor shaft of a centrifugal pump, and when torque of the motor shaft is transmitted to the pump shaft to drive an impeller to rotate, the coupling device can indicate the magnitude of an axial force generated by the impeller and automatically balance the axial force, as shown in fig. 1-2, the coupling device comprises a box body 4, the box body 4 is integrally made of a transparent material, lighting is facilitated, conditions are created for observation, maintenance and the like, a scale reading area 11 is arranged in the middle of the front surface of the box body 4, and scale reading is arranged to display the magnitude of the axial force; the left side of the box body 4 is an impeller side, the right side of the box body 4 is a driving side, the side walls of the two sides (namely the impeller side and the driving side) of the box body 4 are detachable, the device is conveniently installed and debugged in the box body 4 after being detached, the left and right positions of the bottom of the box body 4 are respectively provided with a liftable support 403, the heights of the two sides of the box body 4 can be respectively adjusted, and a pump shaft and a motor shaft of the centrifugal pump are on the same horizontal straight line, so that the device can stably operate in different environments;
a through hole 402 on the impeller side is arranged at the central position on the impeller side wall of the box 4, one end of a pump shaft of the centrifugal pump is introduced into the box 4 from the through hole 402 on the impeller side, a through hole 401 on the driving side is arranged at the central position on the driving side wall of the box 4, one end of a motor shaft is introduced into the box 4 from the through hole 401 on the driving side, and the centers of the through hole 402 on the impeller side and the through hole 401 on the driving side are on a horizontal straight line a of the axis, so that the center lines of the pump shaft and the motor shaft;
in the inside of box 4, vertically arrange in proper order from left to right and be equipped with impeller side gear train, impeller side baffle 52, drive side baffle 51 and drive side gear train, impeller side gear train includes impeller side master gear 2, impeller side first gear pair 31 and impeller side second gear pair 32, and drive side gear train includes drive side master gear 8, drive side first gear pair 71 and drive side second gear pair 72, specifically is:
a driving side baffle plate upper support 121 and an impeller side baffle plate upper support 122 are fixedly arranged at the top in the box body 4, and a driving side baffle plate lower support 123 and an impeller side baffle plate lower support 124 are fixedly arranged at the bottom in the box body 4; the impeller side baffle 52 is arranged between the impeller side baffle upper support 122 and the impeller side baffle lower support 124, and two ends of the impeller side baffle 52 are in sliding connection with the impeller side baffle upper support 122 and the impeller side baffle lower support 124, namely the impeller side baffle 52 is vertically erected between the impeller side baffle upper support 122 and the impeller side baffle lower support 124 and can move left and right; the driving side baffle 51 is arranged between the driving side baffle upper support 121 and the driving side baffle lower support 123, and two ends of the driving side baffle 51 are in sliding connection with the driving side baffle upper support 121 and the driving side baffle lower support 123, namely the driving side baffle 51 is vertically erected between the driving side baffle upper support 121 and the driving side baffle lower support 123 and can move left and right;
in the box 4, the driving side main gear 8 is fixedly arranged on a motor shaft and is fixedly connected with the motor shaft through an A-shaped common flat key, and the driving side main gear 8 is driven to rotate by power generated by a motor through the motor shaft; the impeller-side main gear 2 is fixedly arranged on a pump shaft of the centrifugal pump and is fixedly connected with the pump shaft of the centrifugal pump through an A-type common flat key, and the rotation of the impeller-side main gear 2 drives the pump shaft of the centrifugal pump to further drive the impeller to rotate;
a first support shaft 104 and a second support shaft 103 are arranged in the box body 4 in an up-down symmetrical manner about an axis horizontal straight line a, and the first support shaft 104 and the second support shaft 103 respectively penetrate through the impeller side gear set, the impeller side baffle plate 52, the driving side baffle plate 51 and the driving side gear set and are horizontally arranged;
on the first support shaft 104, between the left side wall of the box 4 and the impeller-side baffle 52, the impeller-side first ball bearing 61, the impeller-side first shaft sleeve 41, the impeller-side first gear pair 31, the impeller-side second shaft sleeve 42 and the impeller-side second ball bearing 62 are fixedly arranged from left to right in sequence, and the impeller-side first ball bearing 61, the impeller-side first shaft sleeve 41, the impeller-side first gear pair 31, the impeller-side second shaft sleeve 42, the impeller-side second ball bearing 62 and the impeller-side baffle 124 are tightly attached to each other without a gap so as to transmit axial force; a first spring 15 is fixedly arranged on the first support shaft 104 between the impeller side baffle plate 52 and the driving side baffle plate 51, and the free state length of the first spring 15 is more than or equal to the distance between the impeller side baffle plate 52 and the driving side baffle plate 51, so that the first spring 15 is in a compressed or critical compressed state; a driving side first ball bearing 63, a driving side first shaft sleeve 43, a driving side first gear pair 71, a driving side second shaft sleeve 44 and a driving side second ball bearing 64 are fixedly arranged on the first supporting shaft 104 and positioned between the driving side baffle 51 and the right side wall of the box body 4 from left to right in sequence, and the driving side baffle 51, the driving side first ball bearing 63, the driving side first shaft sleeve 43, the driving side first gear pair 71, the driving side second shaft sleeve 44 and the driving side second ball bearing 64 are tightly attached to each other without a gap so as to transmit axial force; the impeller-side first gear pair 31 and the driving-side first gear pair 71 are fixedly connected with the first support shaft 104 through common flat keys, namely, the first gear pair 31 and the driving-side first gear pair 71 rotate coaxially and synchronously with each other; two ends of the first support shaft 104 are fixedly connected with two side walls of the box body 4 through the impeller-side first ball bearing 61 and the driving-side second ball bearing 64 respectively;
similarly, on the second support shaft 103, between the left side wall of the box 4 and the impeller-side baffle 52, an impeller-side third ball bearing 65, an impeller-side third shaft sleeve 45, an impeller-side second gear pair 32, an impeller-side fourth shaft sleeve 46 and an impeller-side fourth ball bearing 66 are fixedly arranged from left to right in sequence, and the impeller-side third ball bearing 65, the impeller-side third shaft sleeve 45, the impeller-side second gear pair 32, the impeller-side fourth shaft sleeve 46, the impeller-side fourth ball bearing 66 and the impeller-side baffle 124 are tightly attached to each other without a gap, so that the axial force can be transmitted; a second spring 16 is fixedly arranged on the second support shaft 103 between the impeller side baffle plate 52 and the driving side baffle plate 51, and the free state length of the second spring 16 is larger than or equal to the distance between the impeller side baffle plate 52 and the driving side baffle plate 51, so that the second spring 16 is in a compressed or critical compressed state; a driving side third ball bearing 67, a driving side third shaft sleeve 47, a driving side second gear pair 72, a driving side fourth shaft sleeve 48 and a driving side fourth ball bearing 68 are fixedly arranged on the second support shaft 103 from left to right between the driving side baffle 51 and the right side wall of the box body 4, and the driving side baffle 51, the driving side third ball bearing 67, the driving side third shaft sleeve 47, the driving side second gear pair 72, the driving side fourth shaft sleeve 48 and the driving side fourth ball bearing 6 are tightly attached to each other without gaps so as to transmit axial force; the impeller-side second gear pair 32 and the driving-side second gear pair 72 are fixedly connected with the second support shaft 103 through common flat keys respectively, that is, the impeller-side second gear pair 32 and the driving-side second gear pair 72 rotate coaxially and synchronously with each other; both ends of the second support shaft 103 are fixedly connected with both side walls of the case 4 through the impeller-side third ball bearing 65 and the driving-side fourth ball bearing 68, respectively;
the respective working centers of the first impeller-side gear pair 31, the main impeller-side gear 2 and the second impeller-side gear pair 32 are on the same vertical line, the first impeller-side gear pair 31 and the main impeller-side gear 2 are meshed with each other in a gear manner, and the main impeller-side gear 2 and the second impeller-side gear pair 32 are meshed with each other in a gear manner; the respective working centers of the driving side first gear pair 71, the driving side main gear 8 and the driving side second gear pair 72 are on the same vertical line, the driving side first gear pair 71 and the driving side main gear 8 are meshed with each other in a gear manner, and the driving side main gear 8 and the driving side second gear pair 72 are meshed with each other in a gear manner;
the shape, size and number of teeth of the impeller-side main gear 2 and the driving-side main gear 8 are consistent, the shape, size and number of teeth of the impeller-side first gear pair 31, the impeller-side second gear pair 32, the driving-side first gear pair 71 and the driving-side second gear pair 72 are consistent, and the size and number of teeth of the main gear are respectively and correspondingly larger than those of the gear pairs, that is, the size and number of teeth of the impeller-side main gear 2 (or the driving-side main gear 8) are respectively and correspondingly larger than those of the impeller-side first gear pair 31 (or the impeller-side second gear pair 32, the driving-side first gear pair 71 or the driving-side second gear pair 72); the rotation of the driving side main gear 8 drives the driving side first gear pair 71 and the driving side second gear pair 72 to rotate respectively, then the driving side first gear pair 71 drives the impeller side first gear pair 31 through the first support shaft 104, the driving side second gear pair 72 drives the impeller side second gear pair 32 to rotate through the second support shaft 103, the impeller side first gear pair 31 and the impeller side second gear pair 32 simultaneously drive the impeller side main gear 2 to rotate, and finally the impeller is driven to rotate through the pump shaft, so that the centrifugal pump normally works;
the first gear pair 31 at the impeller side and the first gear pair 71 at the driving side are coaxial, so the rotating speeds of the first gear pair 31 and the first gear pair 71 at the impeller side are the same, the second gear pair 32 at the impeller side and the second gear pair 72 at the driving side are coaxial, so the rotating speeds of the first gear pair 31 at the impeller side and the second gear pair 32 at the impeller side are the same, the main gear 2 at the impeller side rotates along with the first gear pair 31 at the impeller side and the second gear pair 32 at the impeller side under the action of gear meshing, and the rotating speed is the same as that of the main gear 8 at the driving side under the condition.
An impeller side pointer 101 bent into a u shape is fixedly arranged at the center position of the impeller side baffle plate 52, a driving side pointer 102 bent into a u shape is fixedly arranged at the driving side baffle plate 51 in the same way, and the indicating positions of the impeller side pointer 101 and the driving side pointer 102 are both positioned in the range of the scale reading area 11 on the box body 4; when the centrifugal pump is in operation, the impeller end generates force when the impeller applies work to fluid, the axial force F generated by the dynamic reaction force acting on the impeller pushes the impeller side baffle plate 52 to move, so as to drive the impeller side pointer 101 to displace, the movement of the impeller side baffle plate 52 acts on the driving side baffle plate 51 through the first spring 15 and the second spring 16, theoretically, the driving side motor bearing bears the axial force and cannot displace, the driving side baffle plate 51 cannot displace, but in practice, due to factors such as installation clearance and part dimension error, the driving side baffle plate 51 can have extremely small displacement to cause the indication position of the driving side pointer 102 to change extremely, the position data of the impeller side pointer 101 and the driving side pointer 102 are collected through the photographing function of the high-speed camera, and the numerical value of the axial force can be calculated by formula 1:
the coefficient of stiffness k1 of the first spring 15 and the coefficient of stiffness k2 of the second spring 16 are as follows:
f ═ k1 × [ (x2-x1) - (x4-x3) ] + k2 × [ (x2-x1) - (x4-x3) ] (formula 1)
Wherein: x1 is the scale reading indicated by the initial position of the impeller-side pointer 101 in the non-operating state of the centrifugal pump,
x2 is the scale reading indicated by the initial position of the drive side pointer 102 when the centrifugal pump is not operating,
x3 is the average value of the scale readings indicated by the position data of the impeller-side pointer 101 in the steady operation state of the centrifugal pump,
x4 is the average value of the scale readings indicated by the position data of the driving side pointer 102 in the steady operation state of the centrifugal pump;
the device mainly comprises the movement of the impeller side baffle plate 52, so that the first spring 15 and the second spring 16 are pressed to have the tendency of shrinkage deformation, in order to prevent the tendency of shrinkage deformation, the first spring 15 and the second spring 16 can generate a spring force F, and when the spring force F is equal to the axial force F, the stress of the system is balanced, so that the aim of balancing the axial force at the impeller end is fulfilled.
The method for measuring the axial force by using the device comprises the following steps:
1) a high-speed camera is fixedly arranged outside the box body 4 and opposite to the position of the scale reading area 11 and is used for recording the position changes of a wheel side pointer 101 and a driving side pointer 102 in the running process of the centrifugal pump; the high-speed camera is set to acquire image data of the positions of the impeller side pointer 101 and the driving side pointer 102 once every 3s, wherein the acquisition time is 1 minute, namely, the image data are acquired for 20 times in total;
the scale reading indicated by the initial position of the impeller-side pointer 101 is recorded as x1,
recording the scale reading indicated by the initial position of the drive side pointer 102 as x 2;
2) starting a motor of the centrifugal pump to enable the device to start working, and starting a high-speed camera after the impeller side pointer 101 and the driving side pointer 102 are visually stable and do not change any more (when the positions indicated by the impeller side pointer 101 and the driving side pointer 102 are stable and do not obviously move);
after one minute, the high-speed camera stops working, the centrifugal pump motor is turned off, the image data acquisition is completed, the scale readings indicated by the position data of 20 groups of impeller side pointers 101 and the driving side pointer 102 in the acquired image data are counted, then the average value of the scale readings indicated by the position data of the 20 groups of impeller side pointers 101 is x3, and the average value of the scale readings indicated by the position data of the 20 groups of driving side pointers 102 is x 4;
3) and calculating to obtain the magnitude of the axial force according to the formula 1.
Experiment 1:
the invention relates to a centrifugal pump axial force self-balancing coupling device (coupling device for short) for measuring axial force, which mainly comprises a coupling device, a high-speed camera, a flowmeter, a flow regulating valve and the like, wherein the standard condition parameters of the centrifugal pump are as follows: flow rate Q is 50m3The method comprises the steps of setting the height H to 63m and the efficiency eta to 70.3%, sequentially connecting the input sides of a flowmeter, a flow regulating valve and a centrifugal pump, setting a coupling device between a pump shaft and a motor shaft of the centrifugal pump according to embodiment 1, setting a high-speed camera to be right opposite to a scale reading area 11, acquiring initial scale values indicated by an impeller side pointer 101 and a driving side pointer 102 in advance, setting the photographing interval time of the high-speed camera to be 3s, and setting the acquisition time to be 1 minute.
Starting the centrifugal pump motor, adjusting the flow regulating valve to make the fluid flow reach and stabilize at Q-35 m3Turning on a high-speed camera to acquire image data of the indicating positions of an impeller side pointer 101 and a driving side pointer 102 on a coupling box body, and then manually reading and recording 20 groups of acquired image data, as shown in table 1, and paying attention to the process that Q is 35m3The start time and the end time of the experiment under the/h working condition are convenient for the analysis work of later experimental data.
TABLE 1Q 35m3Pointer position data table for hour/hour
The average of the scale readings indicated by the position data of the impeller-side pointer 101 is calculated: x3 is 0.0393m,
the average of the scale readings indicated by the position data of the drive side pointer 102 is calculated: x4 is 0.0529m,
by equation 1:
F＝k1×[(x2-x1)-(x4-x3)]+k2×[(x2-x1)-(x4-x3)]，
the following can be obtained:
F＝92200×[(0.05-0.03)-(0.0529-0.0393)]+92200×[(0.05-0.03)-(0.0529-0.0393)]
F＝3024.16N
similarly, the flow rate of the centrifugal pump is respectively regulated by the flow rate regulating valves as follows: q is 40m3/h、Q＝45m3/h、Q＝50m3/h、Q＝55m3/h、Q＝60m3And h, respectively measuring and calculating the corresponding axial force, and the result is shown in FIG. 3.
As the contrast, with the pump shaft and the motor shaft lug connection of centrifugal pump, do not use this coupling device, the fixed dynamometry ring that sets up on the bearing adjusts the flow of centrifugal pump respectively and is: q is 35m3/h、Q＝40m3/h、Q＝45m3/h、Q＝50m3/h、Q＝55m3/h、Q＝60m3The voltage signal data obtained by detecting the stress sheet on the force measuring ring is converted to obtain the corresponding axial force, and the result is shown in figure 3; under the same flow condition, the axial force of the pump after the device is adopted is obviously smaller than that of the pump without the device, and the device has the obvious effect of balancing the axial force.
Finally, it is also noted that the above-mentioned lists merely illustrate a few specific embodiments of the invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but that many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a coupling device of centrifugal pump axial force self-balancing which characterized in that: the impeller side baffle plate type centrifugal pump comprises a box body (4), wherein an impeller side gear set, an impeller side baffle plate (52), a driving side baffle plate (51) and a driving side gear set are sequentially and vertically arranged from left to right in the box body (4);
the impeller side gear set comprises a first impeller side gear pair (31), a main impeller side gear (2) and a second impeller side gear pair (32) which are vertically and sequentially arranged, the respective working centers of the first impeller side gear pair (31), the main impeller side gear (2) and the second impeller side gear pair (32) are on the same vertical line, the first impeller side gear pair (31) and the main impeller side gear (2) are meshed with each other in a gear manner, and the main impeller side gear (2) and the second impeller side gear pair (32) are meshed with each other in a gear manner;
the driving side gear set comprises a driving side first gear pair (71), a driving side main gear (8) and a driving side second gear pair (72), which are vertically and sequentially arranged, the respective working centers of the driving side first gear pair (71), the driving side main gear (8) and the driving side second gear pair (72) are on the same vertical line, in addition, the driving side first gear pair (71) and the driving side main gear (8) are mutually meshed in a gear manner, and the driving side main gear (8) and the driving side second gear pair (72) are mutually meshed in a gear manner;
the working centers of the impeller-side main gear (2) and the driving-side main gear (8) are positioned on the same axis horizontal straight line (a), a first supporting shaft (104) and a second supporting shaft (103) are arranged in the box body (4) in an up-down symmetrical mode relative to the axis horizontal straight line (a), the first supporting shaft (104) is horizontally and transversely arranged and penetrates through the impeller-side first gear pair (31), the impeller-side baffle (52), the driving-side baffle (51) and the driving-side first gear pair (71), and the second supporting shaft (103) is horizontally and transversely arranged and penetrates through the impeller-side second gear pair (32), the impeller-side baffle (52), the driving-side baffle (51) and the driving-side second gear pair (72); the impeller-side first gear pair (31) and the driving-side first gear pair (71) are fixedly connected with the first support shaft (104), and the impeller-side second gear pair (32) and the driving-side second gear pair (72) are fixedly connected with the second support shaft (103);
between the impeller side baffle (52) and the driving side baffle (51), a first spring (15) is arranged on the first support shaft (104), a second spring (16) is arranged on the second support shaft (103), and the free state lengths of the first spring (15) and the second spring (16) are respectively more than or equal to the distance between the impeller side baffle (52) and the driving side baffle (51).
2. A centrifugal pump axial force self-balancing coupling device according to claim 1, wherein:
the impeller side main gear (2) and the driving side main gear (8) are consistent in shape, size and tooth number;
the impeller-side first gear pair (31), the impeller-side second gear pair (32), the driving-side first gear pair (71) and the driving-side second gear pair (72) are consistent in shape, size and number of teeth;
the size and the number of teeth of the impeller-side main gear (2) or the driving-side main gear (8) are correspondingly larger than those of the impeller-side first gear pair (31) or the impeller-side second gear pair (32) or the driving-side first gear pair (71) or the driving-side second gear pair (72).
3. A centrifugal pump axial force self-balancing coupling device according to claim 2, wherein:
the first support shaft (104) is positioned between the left side wall of the box body (4) and the impeller side baffle (52), an impeller side first ball bearing (61), an impeller side first shaft sleeve (41), an impeller side first gear pair (31), an impeller side second shaft sleeve (42) and an impeller side second ball bearing (62) are sequentially and tightly attached from left to right, and a drive side first ball bearing (63), a drive side first shaft sleeve (43), a drive side first gear pair (71), a drive side second shaft sleeve (44) and a drive side second ball bearing (64) are sequentially and tightly attached from left to right between the drive side baffle (51) and the right side wall of the box body (4); two ends of the first supporting shaft (104) are fixedly connected with two side walls of the box body (4) through a first ball bearing (61) on the impeller side and a second ball bearing (64) on the driving side respectively;
the second support shaft (103) is positioned between the left side wall of the box body (4) and the impeller side baffle (52), an impeller side third ball bearing (65), an impeller side third shaft sleeve (45), an impeller side second gear pair (32), an impeller side fourth shaft sleeve (46) and an impeller side fourth ball bearing (66) are sequentially and tightly attached from left to right, and a driving side third ball bearing (67), a driving side third shaft sleeve (47), a driving side second gear pair (72), a driving side fourth shaft sleeve (48) and a driving side fourth ball bearing (68) are sequentially and tightly attached from left to right between the driving side baffle (51) and the right side wall of the box body (4); two ends of the second supporting shaft (103) are respectively and fixedly connected with two side walls of the box body (4) through a third ball bearing (65) on the impeller side and a fourth ball bearing (68) on the driving side.
4. A centrifugal pump axial force self-balancing coupling device according to claim 3, wherein:
the whole box body (4) is made of transparent materials, the side walls of the left side and the right side of the box body (4) are of a detachable structure, the left position and the right position of the bottom of the box body (4) are respectively provided with a lifting support (403), a blade side through hole (402) is formed in the center position of the left side wall of the box body (4), a driving side through hole (401) is formed in the center position of the right side wall of the box body (4), and the centers of the blade side through hole (402) and the driving side through hole (401) are both on an axis horizontal straight line (a); a scale reading area (11) is arranged in the middle of the front surface of the box body (4);
a driving side baffle plate upper support (121) and an impeller side baffle plate upper support (122) are arranged at the top in the box body (4), the impeller side baffle plate (52) is vertically erected between the driving side baffle plate upper support (121) and the impeller side baffle plate upper support (122), and is in sliding connection with the impeller side baffle plate upper support (122) and the impeller side baffle plate lower support (124);
the bottom in the box body (4) is provided with a driving side baffle lower support (123) and an impeller side baffle lower support (124), the driving side baffle (51) is vertically erected between the driving side baffle lower support (123) and the impeller side baffle lower support (124), and is in sliding connection with the driving side baffle upper support (121) and the driving side baffle lower support (123).
5. A centrifugal pump axial force self-balancing coupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:
a u-shaped impeller side pointer (101) is fixedly arranged at the center position of the impeller side baffle (52), a u-shaped driving side pointer (102) is fixedly arranged on the driving side baffle (51), and the indicating positions of the impeller side pointer (101) and the driving side pointer (102) are both located within the range of the scale reading area (11).
6. The method for measuring the axial force by using the coupling device for self-balancing the axial force of the centrifugal pump as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:
1) a high-speed camera is fixedly arranged outside the box body (4) and is opposite to the position of the scale reading area (11), the high-speed camera is set to acquire image data of the positions of the impeller side pointer (101) and the driving side pointer (102) once every 3s, the acquisition time is 1 minute, and 20 times of image data are acquired in total;
the scale reading indicated by the initial position of the impeller-side pointer (101) is recorded as x1,
recording a scale reading indicated by an initial position of the driving side pointer (102) as x 2;
2) starting a motor of the centrifugal pump to enable a coupling device with self-balancing axial force of the centrifugal pump to start working, and starting a high-speed camera when the positions indicated by an impeller side pointer (101) and a driving side pointer (102) are stable and do not move obviously;
after one minute, the high-speed camera stops working, the motor of the centrifugal pump is turned off, and the image data acquisition is finished; counting the scale readings indicated by the position data of 20 groups of impeller side pointers (101) and driving side pointers (102) in the collected image data, then averaging the scale readings indicated by the position data of 20 groups of impeller side pointers (101) to be x3, and averaging the scale readings indicated by the position data of 20 groups of driving side pointers (102) to be x 4;
3) and solving the axial force by using Hooke's law:
f ═ k1 × [ (x2-x1) - (x4-x3) ] + k2 × [ (x2-x1) - (x4-x3) ] (formula 1)
Wherein: k1 is the coefficient of stiffness of the first spring (15), and k2 is the coefficient of stiffness of the second spring (16).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11988212B2 (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2024-05-21 | Techtronic Cordless Gp | Fluid transfer pump |
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