CN112921672B - Thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112921672B CN112921672B CN202110160351.9A CN202110160351A CN112921672B CN 112921672 B CN112921672 B CN 112921672B CN 202110160351 A CN202110160351 A CN 202110160351A CN 112921672 B CN112921672 B CN 112921672B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
- D06N7/0097—Web coated with fibres, e.g. flocked
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polymers containing more than one epoxy radical per molecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J151/00—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J151/08—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/06—Building materials
- D06N2211/066—Floor coverings
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the electrostatic flocking fabric consists of a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer; the surface layer is fiber fluff, the middle layer is a glue curing layer, and the bottom layer is base cloth; the glue curing layer is electrostatic flocking glue and consists of mixed monomers, an emulsifier, an initiator, a cross-linking agent and water, wherein the mixed monomers comprise methyl methacrylate, dibutyl maleate, butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and epoxy resin. The electrostatic flocking adhesive is low in curing temperature, high in adhesive film elongation and soft, a composite structure formed by applying the adhesive film to the preparation of the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric is stable, the yield deformation is favorably improved, and the molding requirement is met after mechanical foaming; the electrostatic flocking fabric is stable in size at normal temperature, the elastic elongation is 5-8%, and the electrostatic flocking fabric can generate plastic deformation under a hot state (150-170 ℃), is uniform in deformation and free of tearing and cracking, and can be applied to a new material required by an embedded automobile carpet foot pad.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrostatic flocking fabrics, and particularly relates to a thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The automobile foot mat has the main function of protecting the original automobile carpet, has the comprehensive performance of safety, health, comfort and beauty, and people can summarize that the optimal choice of the foot mat material is carpet material through continuous technical research and development and practical experience accumulation. However, due to the manufacturing process of carpet materials, the carpet material does not have the thermoplastic molding condition and can only be used for a flat cushion, and the flat cushion has limited protection area of the original car carpet, so that many users abandon the optimal choice. In addition, the carpet material is not easy to be disposed, and bad experience is brought to users. The electrostatic flocking fabric is characterized in that the flocking surface is composed of upright single fibers, the flocking surface is formed by combining fluff glue and a base layer fabric, the single fibers are different from yarns, the formed carpet surface has no clamping capacity, and the carpet surface is easy to clean and clean as a result, and is very suitable for the field of manufacturing of automobile foot pads. At present, the application of the texturing technology in the field of automobile carpet foot pads is not found.
The thermoplastic foaming sheet (TPE, XPE, EVA and the like) is applied for hot-drawing forming, and the product technology for the embedded automobile foot mat is widely applied. Because of the mechanical property of the material, the material cannot be directly used, and in order to solve the problem, three methods exist at present: 1) The method comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out hot drawing molding on a sheet, and then, adhering other foot pad materials sewn manually by glue to meet the usable requirement; 2) The sheet material is compounded with other thermoplastic material and hot drawn to form the product for direct use. The used materials are generally artificial leathers, the surface strength of the formed body is improved after the materials are compounded, and the attractiveness is improved by selecting leather materials with different surface styles; 3) And after compounding, forming, namely thermally compounding a non-woven material by utilizing the characteristics of the thermoplastic foaming sheet, and forming a product by napping the selected material on the basis of improving the surface strength of the foaming sheet, so that the comfort of the product is improved.
The electrostatic flocking product technology has been developed in China for decades, and with the continuous progress of the technology, the product is widely applied to the fields of clothing, decoration, home furnishing, packaging, carpets and the like. The electrostatic flocking product technology is applied to the hot-drawing formed automobile foot pad product, the flocking fabric is required to have better thermoplasticity, and the conventional flocking fabric does not have the requirement. The elastic deformation of the conventional flocking fabric is generally between 8% and 20% due to the selection difference of the base cloth and the glue, and the conventional flocking fabric has no plastic deformation under the thermal state (150 ℃ to 170 ℃) and can only generate destructive deformation under external force.
Therefore, the development of the flocking fabric applicable to the hot-drawing forming process and the application of the flocking fabric to the field of the car carpet foot pads are of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of poor thermoplasticity and no plastic deformation of the electrostatic flocking fabric in the prior art, the invention provides the thermoplastic flocking fabric and the preparation method and the application thereof, the prepared electrostatic flocking fabric has better dimensional stability at normal temperature, the elastic elongation is 5-8%, the plastic deformation can occur under a hot state (150-170 ℃), and the plastic deformation is uniform without tearing and cracking.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric comprises a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer; the surface layer is made of fiber fluff, the middle layer is a glue curing layer, and the bottom layer is base cloth; the glue curing layer is electrostatic flocking glue and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of mixed monomer, 3-4 parts of emulsifier, 0.4-0.5 part of initiator, 3-5 parts of cross-linking agent and 120-150 parts of water; the mixed monomer comprises 10-20 parts of methyl methacrylate, 8-15 parts of dibutyl maleate, 35-50 parts of butyl acrylate, 10-20 parts of ethyl acrylate and 10-20 parts of epoxy resin.
Furthermore, the fluff component of the fiber fluff is PA, PET and PP chemical fiber materials, the fluff titer is 10-50D, and the fluff length is 2-6mm; the thickness of the glue curing layer is 0.8 to 1.2mm; the base cloth is needle-punched terylene non-woven fabric which is 200-400g per square meter.
Further, the emulsifier is OP-10 alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; the initiator is potassium persulfate; the cross-linking agent is N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide.
Further, the electrostatic flocking adhesive is prepared by the following method:
(1) Mixing and stirring the emulsifier and water, adding the mixed monomer after stirring, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a pre-emulsion;
(2) Dissolving a cross-linking agent in water, wherein the cross-linking agent solution is for later use;
(3) Dissolving an initiator in water, wherein the dissolved initiator solution is used for later use;
(4) Taking out part of the pre-emulsion in the step (1), adding part of the initiator solution into the rest of the pre-emulsion, heating to 40-50 ℃ at a stirring speed of 100-200r/min, reacting for 50-80min, heating to 70-90 ℃, increasing the stirring speed to 300-400r/min, then slowly adding the rest of the pre-emulsion, the rest of the initiator solution and the rest of the cross-linking agent solution at a stirring speed of 200-300r/min, standing for 1.5-2.5 h at 70-90 ℃ after the addition is finished, cooling to room temperature, and filtering to obtain the electrostatic flocking adhesive.
Further, the concentration of the initiator solution is 0.02-0.045g/mL; the concentration of the cross-linking agent solution is 0.4-0.5g/mL.
In the invention, the preparation method of the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of arranging bottom base cloth, coating electrostatic flocking glue on the bottom base cloth in a mechanical foaming mode, implanting fiber fluff serving as a surface layer in an electrostatic flocking mode, and finally drying and brushing to obtain the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric.
Further, the mechanical foaming rate is 150-300%, and the gluing quantity is 500-1000g per square meter; the electrostatic flocking throwing amount is 200-600 g/square meter; the temperature of the first area is 100-110 ℃, the temperature of the second area is 130-160 ℃, the temperature of the third area is 150-170 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth area is normal temperature and water cooling is carried out during drying.
Furthermore, 3 to 5wt% of a thickening agent SE-60 is added into the electrostatic flocking adhesive during mechanical foaming.
In the invention, the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric is applied to the suede elastic composite material.
Further, the suede elastic composite material is an automotive carpet foot mat.
In the preparation process of the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric, the electrostatic flocking adhesive can permeate along the texture of the base fabric after being coated, the formed composite structure is stable, the yield deformation of the fabric is favorably improved, the viscosity is increased after the electrostatic flocking adhesive is mechanically foamed, and when the viscosity reaches 18000 mPa.s, the yield deformation is more than 40 percent, so that the molding requirement of the product is met.
Compared with the existing emulsion type electrostatic flocking adhesive, the electrostatic flocking adhesive has the advantages that the required drying time is greatly shortened under the condition of the same curing temperature, the time and material resources required by the related production process flow are saved, and the foaming multiplying power is high under the condition of the same mechanical rotating speed of the thickening agent (SE-60).
The thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric prepared by the electrostatic flocking adhesive has good dimensional stability at normal temperature, can generate plastic deformation at a hot state (150-170 ℃), has uniform plastic deformation and no tearing or cracking phenomena, can be compounded and molded with thermoplastic foaming sheets (TPE, XPE, EVA and the like), improves the comfort of products on the basis of improving the surface strength of the foaming sheets, and can be applied to new materials required by embedded automobile carpet foot pads.
Advantageous effects
(1) The electrostatic flocking adhesive prepared by the invention has low curing temperature, the elongation of the adhesive film after film forming reaches 300-450%, the adhesive film is soft, when the electrostatic flocking adhesive is applied to the preparation of thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric, the electrostatic flocking adhesive can permeate along the texture of the base fabric after being coated, the formed composite structure is stable, the yield deformation of the fabric is favorably improved, and after mechanical foaming, when the viscosity reaches 18000-24000mPa & s, the yield deformation is more than 40%, and the molding requirement of a product is met;
(2) The electrostatic flocking fabric prepared by the invention has good dimensional stability at normal temperature, the elastic elongation is 5-8%, and the fabric can generate plastic deformation under a hot state (150-170 ℃), is uniform in plastic deformation, has no tearing and cracking phenomena, and can be applied to a new material required by an embedded automobile carpet foot pad.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the following examples, but it will be understood that the description is intended to illustrate the features and advantages of the invention further, and not to limit the invention.
The initiator described in the following examples 1 to 4 was potassium persulfate; thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabrics were prepared in the following examples 5 to 8: the surface layer is made of nylon fiber fluff, the fluff component is (nylon), the fineness of the fluff is 10D-50D, and the length of the fluff is 2mm-6mm; the middle layer is an electrostatic flocking glue (the electrostatic flocking glue prepared in examples 1-4) cured layer; the lower layer base cloth is needle punched terylene non-woven base cloth, and the gram weight is 300 g/square meter.
Example 1
(1) Adding OP-10 g and 252ml of deionized water into a four-necked bottle provided with a stirrer, a reflux condenser tube, a rubber stopper and a thermometer, stirring at 1800r/min, after stirring for 15min, dropwise adding 300g of mixed monomer (methyl methacrylate 45g, dibutyl maleate 30g, butyl acrylate 120g, ethyl acrylate 45g and epoxy resin 60 g), and then continuously stirring at 2000r/min until the mixed monomer is uniformly mixed to obtain pre-emulsion;
(2) Dissolving 1.35 g of initiator in 35ml of deionized water to obtain initiator solution, dissolving 4g of cross-linking agent N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide in 10ml of deionized water to obtain cross-linking agent solution, separating 2/3 of the pre-emulsion prepared in the step (1) for later use, adding 20ml of initiator solution into the remaining 1/3 of the pre-emulsion in the step (1), heating while stirring at a stirring speed of 150r/min for 1h, slowly raising the temperature to 80 ℃, increasing the stirring speed to 350r/min, then dripping the separated 2/3 of pre-emulsion into a four-neck bottle at a constant speed, adding the remaining initiator solution and cross-linking agent solution into the four-neck bottle four times along with the remaining pre-emulsion, continuously stirring at a speed of 250r/min, standing for 2h in a flocking state at 80 ℃ after all constant temperature dripping is finished, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature acrylic acid electrostatic adhesive, wherein the prepared low-temperature acrylic acid electrostatic adhesive has a solid content of 51%, and the viscosity of 3500mPas at 25 ℃.
Example 2
(1) Adding OP-10.2g and 298ml of deionized water into a four-necked bottle provided with a stirrer, a reflux condenser tube, a rubber stopper and a thermometer, stirring at 1800r/min, stirring for 15min, then dropwise adding 345g of mixed monomer (52 g of methyl methacrylate, 35g of dibutyl maleate, 139g of butyl acrylate, 50g of ethyl acrylate and 69g of epoxy resin), and then continuously stirring at 2000r/min until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain pre-emulsion;
(2) Dissolving 1.55g of initiator in 35ml of deionized water to obtain initiator solution, dissolving 5g of cross-linking agent N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide in 10ml of deionized water to obtain cross-linking agent solution, separating 2/3 of the pre-emulsion prepared in the step (1) for later use, adding 20ml of initiator solution into the remaining 1/3 of the pre-emulsion in the step (1), heating while stirring at the stirring speed of 150r/min, reacting at 45 ℃ for 1h, slowly raising the temperature to 80 ℃, increasing the stirring speed to 350r/min, then dripping the separated 2/3 of pre-emulsion into a four-neck bottle at constant speed, adding the remaining initiator solution and cross-linking agent solution into the four-neck bottle for four times along with the remaining pre-emulsion, continuously stirring at the speed of 250r/min, standing at 80 ℃ for 2h after all dripping is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain the low-temperature acrylic acid electrostatic adhesive, wherein the prepared acrylic acid electrostatic adhesive has the solid content of 50%, and the viscosity of 2800mPas at 25 ℃.
Example 3
(1) Adding OP-10.72g and 172ml of deionized water into a four-necked bottle provided with a stirrer, a reflux condenser tube, a rubber stopper and a thermometer, stirring at 1800r/min for 15min, dripping 180g of mixed monomer (18 g of methyl methacrylate, 27g of dibutyl maleate, 61g of butyl acrylate, 36g of ethyl acrylate and 38g of epoxy resin) into the mixed solution, and continuously stirring at 2000r/min until the mixed solution is uniformly mixed to obtain pre-emulsion;
(2) Dissolving 0.72g of initiator in 35ml of deionized water to obtain an initiator solution, dissolving 4g of crosslinking agent N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide in 10ml of deionized water to obtain a crosslinking agent solution, separating 2/3 of the pre-emulsion prepared in the step (1) for later use, adding 20ml of initiator solution into the remaining 1/3 of the pre-emulsion in the step (1), heating while stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 150r/min, reacting for 1h at 45 ℃, then slowly raising the temperature to 80 ℃, increasing the stirring speed to 350r/min, then dripping the separated 2/3 of pre-emulsion into a four-necked bottle with constant speed, adding the remaining initiator solution and crosslinking agent solution into the four-necked bottle four times along with the remaining pre-emulsion, continuously stirring at the speed of 250r/min, standing for 2h at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ after all dripping is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature, and filtering to obtain the low-temperature acrylic acid electrostatic adhesive, wherein the prepared low-temperature acrylic acid electrostatic adhesive has the solid content of 46% and the viscosity of 2600mPas at 25 ℃.
Example 4
(1) Adding OP-10.92g and 223ml of deionized water into a four-necked bottle provided with a stirrer, a reflux condenser tube, a rubber stopper and a thermometer, stirring at 1800r/min, stirring for 15min, dropwise adding 248g of mixed monomer (49 g of methyl methacrylate, 37g of dibutyl maleate, 74g of butyl acrylate, 37g of ethyl acrylate and 51g of epoxy resin), and continuously stirring at 2000r/min until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain pre-emulsion;
(2) Dissolving 0.99g of initiator in 35ml of deionized water to obtain an initiator solution, dissolving 4g of cross-linking agent N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide in 10ml of deionized water to obtain a cross-linking agent solution, separating 2/3 of the pre-emulsion prepared in the step (1) for later use, adding 20ml of initiator solution into the remaining 1/3 of the pre-emulsion in the step (1), heating while stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 150r/min, reacting for 1h at 45 ℃, then slowly raising the temperature to 80 ℃, increasing the stirring speed to 350r/min, then uniformly dripping the separated 2/3 of pre-emulsion into a four-necked bottle, adding the remaining initiator solution and cross-linking agent solution into the four-necked bottle for four times along with the remaining pre-emulsion, continuously stirring at the speed of 250r/min, standing for 2h at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ after all dripping, naturally cooling to room temperature, and filtering to obtain the low-temperature acrylic electrostatic adhesive, wherein the prepared low-temperature acrylic electrostatic adhesive has the solid content of 48.6% and the viscosity of 3300mPas at 25 ℃.
Testing the performance of the electrostatic flocking adhesive:
the commercially available emulsion type electrostatic flocking adhesives were used as a control group, the electrostatic flocking adhesives prepared in examples 1 to 4 and the control group emulsion type electrostatic flocking adhesives were respectively poured onto a glass plate, cured at 75 ℃, the curing time was recorded, and after an adhesive film was formed, the adhesive film elongation of the adhesive film was tested using an adhesive film stretcher, and the results are shown in table 1 below. As can be seen from table 1, compared with the existing emulsion type electrostatic flocking adhesive, the electrostatic flocking adhesive prepared by the invention has the advantages that the curing time is obviously shortened under the condition of the same curing temperature, namely, the required drying time is greatly shortened, and the time and material resources required by the relevant production process flow are saved.
Table 1 electrostatic flocking adhesive performance test results
Example 5
The electrostatic flocking glue prepared in example 1 is used as an intermediate layer (glue cured layer) to prepare a thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric: the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric consists of a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is nylon fiber fluff, the middle layer is an electrostatic flocking adhesive curing layer, and the bottom layer is a needle-punched polyester non-woven base fabric;
the production process of the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric comprises the following steps: feeding → sizing → flocking → drying → brushing → finished product;
(1) Feeding: placing the terylene spunlace non-woven fabric with a smooth surface on a fabric placing frame as a bottom layer base fabric frame, and simultaneously applying certain tension to carry out tensioning and shaping;
(2) Gluing: feeding a bottom layer base fabric into a pulp platform through a blooming roller at a certain speed (8 m/min), uniformly extruding mechanically foamed electrostatic flocking adhesive (the mechanical foaming multiplying power of the electrostatic flocking adhesive is 1.5 times, SE-60 (25 g/square meter) is added while mechanically foaming through a gap between a scraper and the fabric surface, the viscosity of the foamed electrostatic flocking adhesive is 18000 mPas), and fixing the base fabric on needle plates at two sides of a flocking production line under the action of a hairbrush disc and a pressure plate to prevent the base fabric from vibrating up and down and moving left and right;
(3) Flocking: the flocking machine feeds the coated bottom layer base cloth into a flocking area, and the fluff generates net negative charges through the action of positive and negative charges, so that the fluff has high straightness and flight performance in an electric field and vertically falls onto the terylene spunlace non-woven base cloth coated with the electrostatic flocking adhesive at a high speed;
(4) Drying: after flocking is finished, drying in four drying ovens (the temperature of a first area is 105 ℃, the temperature of a second area is 150 ℃, the temperature of a third area is 160 ℃, and the temperature of a fourth area is normal temperature, adding water and cooling) to solidify glue, and fixing fluff on the bottom base cloth;
(5) Brushing: after flocking, although floating fluff is absorbed, residual fluff still exists in fluff gaps, the brushing is cleaned for one time by generally adopting a mode that a brush moves against the movement direction of base cloth, and the brushed fluff is collected by using an air blowing device;
(6) And (3) finished product: the flocked fabric brushed with the hairs is rolled up through a cloth storage frame, flocking winding shafts are tidy through deviation rectification, and the final product has the glue applying quantity of 500 g/square meter and the hair applying quantity of 320 g/square meter.
Example 6
The electrostatic flocking glue prepared in example 2 is used as an intermediate layer (glue cured layer) to prepare the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric: the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric consists of a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is nylon fiber fluff, the middle layer is an electrostatic flocking adhesive curing layer, and the bottom layer is a needle-punched terylene non-woven base fabric;
the production process of the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric comprises the following steps: feeding → sizing → flocking → drying → brushing → finished product;
(1) Feeding: placing the terylene spunlace non-woven fabric with a smooth surface as a bottom layer base fabric on a fabric placing frame, and simultaneously applying certain tension to carry out tensioning and shaping;
(2) Gluing: feeding the bottom-layer base cloth to a pulp table through a blooming roller at a certain speed (8 m/min), uniformly extruding electrostatic flocking glue (the mechanical foaming rate of the electrostatic flocking glue is 1.5 times, SE-60 (30 g/square meter) is added while mechanically foaming through a gap between a scraper and the cloth surface, the viscosity of the electrostatic flocking glue is 18000 mPas) after foaming, and fixing the bottom-layer base cloth on needle plates at two sides of a flocking production line under the action of a hairbrush plate and a pressure plate to prevent the bottom-layer base cloth from vibrating up and down and moving left and right;
(3) Flocking: the flocking machine feeds the coated bottom base cloth into a flocking area, and the fluff generates net negative charges through the action of positive and negative charges, so that the fluff has great straightness and flight performance in an electric field and vertically falls onto the bottom base cloth coated with the electrostatic flocking glue at a high speed;
(4) Drying: after flocking is finished, drying in four drying ovens (the temperature of a first area is 105 ℃, the temperature of a second area is 150 ℃, the temperature of a third area is 160 ℃, and the temperature of a fourth area is normal temperature, adding water for cooling) to solidify the glue, and fixing the fluff on the bottom layer base cloth;
(5) Brushing: after flocking, although floating fluff is absorbed, residual fluff still exists in fluff gaps, the brushing is cleaned for one time by generally adopting a mode that a brush moves against the movement direction of base cloth, and the brushed fluff is collected by using an air blowing device;
(6) And (3) finished product: the flocked fabric after brushing is rolled through a cloth storage rack, and the flocking winding shafts are tidy through deviation rectification, so that the final product has the gluing amount of 600 g/square meter and the hair amount of 380 g/square meter.
Example 7
The electrostatic flocking glue prepared in example 3 is used as an intermediate layer (glue cured layer) to prepare a thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric: the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric consists of a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is nylon fiber fluff, the middle layer is an electrostatic flocking adhesive curing layer, and the bottom layer is a needle-punched terylene non-woven base fabric;
the production process of the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric comprises the following steps: feeding → sizing → flocking → drying → brushing → finished product;
(1) Feeding: placing the terylene spunlace non-woven fabric with a smooth surface as a bottom layer base fabric on a fabric placing frame, and simultaneously applying certain tension to carry out tensioning and shaping;
(2) Gluing: feeding the lower-layer base cloth to a pulp table through a blooming roller at a certain speed (8 m/min), uniformly extruding mechanically foamed electrostatic flocking adhesive (the mechanical foaming rate of the electrostatic flocking adhesive is 1.5 times, adding SE-60 (35 g/square meter) while mechanically foaming through a gap between a scraper and the cloth surface, wherein the viscosity of the foamed electrostatic flocking adhesive is 18000 mPas), and fixing the bottom-layer base cloth on needle plates at two sides of a flocking production line under the action of a hairbrush plate and a pressure plate to prevent the bottom-layer base cloth from vibrating up and down and moving left and right;
(3) Flocking: the flocking machine feeds the coated bottom base cloth into a flocking area, and the fluff generates net negative charges under the action of positive and negative charges, so that the fluff has great straightness and flight performance in an electric field and vertically falls onto the bottom base cloth coated with the electrostatic flocking glue at a high speed;
(4) And (3) drying: after flocking is finished, drying in four drying ovens (the temperature of a first area is 105 ℃, the temperature of a second area is 150 ℃, the temperature of a third area is 160 ℃, and the temperature of a fourth area is normal temperature, adding water for cooling) to solidify the glue, and fixing the fluff on the bottom layer base cloth;
(5) Brushing: after flocking, although floating fluff is absorbed, residual fluff still exists in fluff gaps, the brushing is cleaned for one time by generally adopting a mode that a brush moves against the movement direction of base cloth, and the brushed fluff is collected by using an air blowing device;
(6) And (3) finished product: the flocked fabric brushed with the hairs is rolled up through a cloth storage frame, flocking winding shafts are tidy through deviation rectification, and the final product has the size of 700g per square meter and the hair quantity of 450g per square meter.
Example 8
The electrostatic flocking glue prepared in example 4 is used as an intermediate layer (glue cured layer) to prepare a thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric: the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric consists of a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is nylon fiber fluff, the middle layer is an electrostatic flocking adhesive curing layer, and the bottom layer is a needle-punched terylene non-woven base fabric;
the production process of the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric comprises the following steps: feeding → sizing → flocking → drying → brushing → finished product;
(1) Feeding: placing the terylene spunlace non-woven fabric with a smooth surface as a bottom layer base fabric on a fabric placing frame, and simultaneously applying certain tension to carry out tensioning and shaping;
(2) Gluing: feeding the base cloth to a pulp platform through a blooming roller at a certain speed (8 m/min), uniformly extruding the mechanically foamed electrostatic flocking adhesive (the mechanical foaming multiplying power of the electrostatic flocking adhesive is 1.5 times, adding SE-60 (37.5 g/square meter) while mechanically foaming through a gap between a scraper and the cloth surface, and the viscosity of the foamed electrostatic flocking adhesive is 18000 mPas), and fixing the base cloth on needle plates at two sides of a flocking production line under the action of a hairbrush disc and a pressure plate to prevent the base cloth at the bottom layer from vibrating up and down and moving left and right;
(3) Flocking: the flocking machine feeds the coated bottom base cloth into a flocking area, and the fluff generates net negative charges through the action of positive and negative charges, so that the fluff has great straightness and flight performance in an electric field and vertically falls onto the bottom base cloth coated with the electrostatic flocking glue at a high speed;
(4) Drying: after flocking is finished, drying in four drying ovens (the temperature of a first area is 105 ℃, the temperature of a second area is 150 ℃, the temperature of a third area is 160 ℃, and the temperature of a fourth area is normal temperature, adding water and cooling) to solidify glue, and fixing fluff on the bottom base cloth;
(5) Brushing: although the floating fluff is absorbed after the flocking, the residual fluff still exists in the fluff gap, and the brushing is generally cleaned by adopting a mode that the brush moves against the movement direction of the base cloth. Collecting the brushed down fluff by using a blowing device;
(6) And (3) finished product: the flocked fabric after brushing is rolled through a cloth storage rack, and the flocking winding shafts are tidy through deviation rectification, so that the final product has the glue application quantity of 750 grams per square meter and the hair application quantity of 520 grams per square meter.
Thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric thermoplasticity research
The thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabrics prepared in examples 5 to 8 and the electrostatic flocking fabrics of the control group were subjected to performance characterization using electrostatic flocking fabrics purchased in the market as the control group, and the elastic elongation (thermoplasticity) thereof at normal temperature and 170 ℃ was measured, and the results are shown in table 2 below. As can be seen from table 2, the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric prepared by using the electrostatic flocking adhesive has good dimensional stability at normal temperature, can be subjected to plastic deformation at a hot state (170 ℃), and has uniform plastic deformation and no tearing or cracking phenomena. Therefore, the thermoplastic foam rubber mat can be compounded and molded with the thermoplastic foam sheet ((TPE, XPE, EVA and the like), the molded product improves the comfort of the product on the basis of improving the surface strength of the foam sheet, and the thermoplastic foam rubber mat can be applied to new materials required by embedded automobile carpet mats.
TABLE 2 thermoplasticity study of thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabrics prepared by the invention
The application example is as follows:
using the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabrics prepared in examples 5 to 8 to prepare a suede elastic composite material:
1) The required materials are: the electrostatic flocking fabrics prepared in examples 5-8;
2) The tough foaming material: the material component is XPE, the material density is 0.25g/cm, the material thickness is 5mm, and the material hardness is 30A (Shore hardness);
3) The needle punched non-woven fabric is made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and has the specification of 280 g/square meter.
4) The implementation equipment is a flame type compound machine, and the implementation process is carried out in two steps: compounding a foaming material and a needle-punched non-woven fabric, melting one surface of the foaming material XPE through a flame compounding machine, then pressing and cooling the non-woven fabric or the burred fabric together through a roller to obtain a first raw product, compounding the first raw product obtained in the first step with a flocking fabric, passing the reverse surface of the first raw product through the flame compounding machine, pressing the molten reverse surface of the first raw product with the flocking fabric through the roller, and then cooling to obtain a finished product;
the composite suede elastic composite material has good dimensional stability at normal temperature, the elastic elongation is 5-8%, and the composite suede elastic composite material has uniform plastic deformation, no tearing and cracking phenomena under a hot state (150-170 ℃), and can be used as a new material required by an embedded automobile carpet foot pad.
Claims (7)
1. A thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric is characterized by comprising a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer;
the surface layer is made of fiber fluff, the middle layer is a glue curing layer, and the bottom layer is base cloth;
the glue curing layer is electrostatic flocking glue and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of mixed monomer, 3-4 parts of emulsifier, 0.4-0.5 part of initiator, 3-5 parts of cross-linking agent and 120-150 parts of water; the mixed monomer comprises 10-20 parts of methyl methacrylate, 8-15 parts of dibutyl maleate, 35-50 parts of butyl acrylate, 10-20 parts of ethyl acrylate and 10-20 parts of epoxy resin;
the emulsifier is OP-10 alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; the initiator is potassium persulfate; the cross-linking agent is N-methylol acrylamide;
the preparation method of the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric comprises the steps of arranging bottom layer base cloth, coating electrostatic flocking glue on the bottom layer base cloth in a mechanical foaming mode, implanting fiber fluff serving as a surface layer in an electrostatic flocking mode, and finally drying and brushing to obtain the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric.
2. The thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fluff component of the fiber fluff is PA, PET, PP chemical fiber material, the fluff fineness is 10-50D, and the fluff length is 2-6mm; the thickness of the glue curing layer is 0.8 to 1.2mm; the base cloth is needle punched terylene nonwoven fabric, 200-400 g/square meter.
3. A thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrostatic flocking adhesive is prepared by:
(1) Mixing and stirring the emulsifier and water, adding the mixed monomer after stirring, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a pre-emulsion;
(2) Dissolving a cross-linking agent in water, wherein the cross-linking agent solution is used for standby;
(3) Dissolving an initiator in water, wherein the dissolved initiator solution is used for later use;
(4) Taking out part of the pre-emulsion in the step (1), adding part of the initiator solution into the rest of the pre-emulsion, heating to 40-50 ℃ at a stirring speed of 100-200r/min, reacting for 50-80min, heating to 70-90 ℃, increasing the stirring speed to 300-400r/min, then slowly adding the rest of the pre-emulsion, the rest of the initiator solution and the rest of the cross-linking agent solution at a stirring speed of 200-300r/min, standing for 1.5-2.5 h at 70-90 ℃ after the addition is finished, cooling to room temperature, and filtering to obtain the electrostatic flocking adhesive.
4. A thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric as in claim 3 wherein the concentration of said initiator solution is from 0.02 to 0.045g/mL; the concentration of the cross-linking agent solution is 0.4-0.5g/mL.
5. A preparation method of the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a bottom base fabric is provided, electrostatic flocking glue is coated on the bottom base fabric in a mechanical foaming manner, then fiber fluff is implanted as a surface layer in an electrostatic flocking manner, and finally the thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric is prepared by drying and brushing.
6. The process according to claim 5, wherein the mechanical expansion ratio is from 150 to 300% and the amount of sizing is from 500 to 1000g per square meter; the electrostatic flocking throwing amount is 200-600 g/square meter; the temperature of the first area is 100-110 ℃, the temperature of the second area is 130-160 ℃, the temperature of the third area is 150-170 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth area is normal temperature and water cooling is carried out during drying.
7. Use of a thermoplastic electrostatic flocking fabric as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4 in a pile elastic composite material, wherein the pile elastic composite material is an automotive carpet foot pad.
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