CN112921266A - Method for enhancing wear resistance and water lubricating property of medium-entropy alloy - Google Patents
Method for enhancing wear resistance and water lubricating property of medium-entropy alloy Download PDFInfo
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/68—Boronising
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for enhancing the wear resistance and water lubricating property of a medium-entropy alloy, and belongs to the technical field of surface treatment of alloy materials. The method combines boron atoms with Co, Cr and Ni elements through solid boronizing, and the product forms a lubricating protective film on the surface of the material, which improves the wear resistance and the water lubricating property. The method comprises the following specific steps: preparation of boronizing agent and preparation of CoCrNi blocks: the preparation method of the boronizing agent comprises the following steps: according to the weight ratio of SiC: b is4C：KFB4Proportioning according to the ratio of 93:5:2, ball-milling, mixing, and fully mixing for later use; putting the uniformly mixed boronizing agent and the CoCrNi block into a ceramic pot, putting the canned boronizing agent into a heating box for heating, cooling to room temperature, sealing, and sleeving the ceramic pot outside for secondary sealing; and S2, heating the ceramic pot subjected to secondary sealing at 900-1000 ℃ for 4h, preserving heat for 5-6h, cooling and taking out the workpiece. The solid boronizing process has simple equipment, and the hardness and the wear resistance of the entropy alloy in the CoCrNi are obviously improved by adding the boron atoms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy material surface treatment, in particular to a method for enhancing the wear resistance and water lubricating property of a medium-entropy alloy.
Background
Multi-principal element alloys refer to alloys containing a variety of principal constituent elements, including high-entropy alloys and medium-entropy alloys. Compared with the traditional single-principal-element alloy, the high-entropy and medium-entropy multi-principal-element alloy is easier to form a simple solid solution structure and has very excellent mechanical, physical and chemical properties, such as high strength and hardness, high corrosion resistance, excellent wear resistance, good magnetic property and the like. The excellent properties enable the high-entropy and medium-entropy alloy to have a very wide application space in the fields of aviation, aerospace, navigation, machinery, microelectronics and the like.
The friction and abrasion are always accompanied with the production and living of human beings, and the energy consumed by the friction process in the industrial field accounts for about 30 percent of the industrial energy consumption in the world. How to apply new materials in industrial production and reduce the friction problem between workpieces is the research goal of researchers in various fields.
The boronizing heat treatment process is a good process method capable of changing material performance, and has a remarkable effect of improving the wear resistance of the material. Boronizing is a chemical heat treatment process commonly used in industrial production at present, is suitable for workpieces requiring wear resistance, high temperature wear resistance and high temperature corrosion resistance, such as prospecting and petrochemical machinery, automobile tractor manufacturing, textile machinery, processing dies and the like, and the service life of the workpieces is prolonged to different degrees.
The purpose of boronizing is to significantly improve the surface hardness, wear resistance, good red hardness and corrosion resistance of the alloy, especially the wear resistance of abrasive particles, so that the boronizing alloy is widely applied to mechanical parts with wear resistance requirements.
In the aspect of improving the surface quality of the alloy, carburization, nitridation and boriding belong to surface chemical heat treatment, but most of the carburization, nitridation and boriding have low thermal efficiency and production efficiency, and the texture and depth of a carburized layer are difficult to control, so that the wear resistance, hardness and mechanical property of the alloy are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a method for enhancing the wear resistance and the water lubricating property of a medium-entropy alloy.
The invention provides a method for enhancing the wear resistance and the water lubricating property of a medium-entropy alloy, which combines boron atoms with Co, Cr and Ni elements through solid boronizing, and a product forms a lubricating protective film on the surface of a material to improve the wear resistance and the water lubricating property, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a boronizing agent and preparing a CoCrNi block:
the preparation method of the boronizing agent comprises the following steps: according to the weight ratio of SiC: b is4C：KFB4Proportioning according to a mass ratio of 93:5:2, ball-milling, mixing, and fully mixing for later use;
s2, canning and sealing: putting the uniformly mixed boronizing agent and the CoCrNi block into a ceramic pot, putting the canned boronizing agent into a heating box for heating, and then covering the heating box to cool along with the heating box; when the temperature is cooled to room temperature, taking out the small tank, sealing the small tank by using high-temperature-resistant sealant, and performing secondary glue supplement after 2-3 hours; then a ceramic pot is sleeved outside the ceramic pot for secondary sealing;
s3, heating and heat preservation: and S2, heating the ceramic pot subjected to secondary sealing at 900-1000 ℃ for 4h, preserving heat for 5-6h, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out the workpiece to obtain the CoCrNi intermediate entropy alloy with good wear resistance and water lubricity.
Preferably, the CoCrNi bulk specification is 10X 5mm, the surface grain size is 1000, and polishing treatment is performed.
Preferably, the grain size of the SiC powder in S1 is 10-500 μm.
Preferably, in the ball milling in the step S1, the ball milling medium is a mixture of ZrO2 beads with the specification of 6-8 mm, and the mixture is mixed in a ball mill.
Preferably, the temperature of the heating box in the S2 is 100-200 ℃, and the heating time is 2-4 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the boronizing process is simple and convenient to operate, the surface of the workpiece is clean and easy to clean, the boronizing process is suitable for workpieces of various shapes, and local boronizing can be realized. And the sample is heated and dried after being loaded, so that the boronizing quality is favorably improved. Compared with the original CoCrNi alloy, the addition of the boron atoms remarkably improves the hardness and the wear resistance of the CoCrNi intermediate entropy alloy, so that the CoCrNi intermediate entropy alloy becomes a potential candidate material of a novel wear-resistant material and is easier to realize industrialization.
The boronizing process provided by the invention aims at the CoCrNi multi-principal-element alloy, the problem of poor surface quality is solved, and the stable formation of a boronizing layer can be ensured by the process, so that the wear resistance, hardness, mechanical properties and the like of the boronizing layer are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of XRD results of CoCrNi (T900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1000 ℃; T0, 4h) alloy provided by the invention;
2 a-2 b are SEM schematic diagrams of microstructures of the CoCrNi alloy provided by the invention before and after boronizing;
wherein, in figure 2aCoCrNi (T is 25 ℃, T is 0h)
FIG. 2bCoCrNi (T1000 ℃, T4 h)
FIG. 3 shows the hardness of CoCrNi (T900 deg.C, 950 deg.C, 1000 deg.C; T0, 4h) alloy provided by the present invention;
FIGS. 4 a-4 e show the results of friction and wear tests on CoCrNi (T900 deg.C, 950 deg.C, 1000 deg.C; T0, 4h) alloy provided by the present invention;
wherein, FIG. 4a 5N-3Hz-30min, 0h dry friction/water lubrication friction coefficient;
FIG. 4b 5N-3Hz-30min, dry friction/water lubricated coefficient of friction at 4h-900 ℃;
FIG. 4c 5N-3Hz-30min, dry friction/water lubricated coefficient of friction at 4h-950 ℃;
FIG. 4d 5N-3Hz-30min, dry friction/water lubricated coefficient of friction at 4h-1000 ℃;
fig. 4e wear volume plot.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for enhancing the wear resistance and water lubrication performance of a medium-entropy alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, boronizing agent and sample preparation: a total of 50g of boronizing agent was prepared, as per SiC: b is4C：KFB4The ratio of 93:5:2 is carried outAnd adding two kinds of ZrO2 pellets with different specifications, grinding and mixing the materials on a ball mill to fully and uniformly mix the materials. The sample specification is 10X 5mm CoCrNi bulk.
S2, canning and sealing: loading the mixed boronizing agent and the prepared sample into a specification
In the ceramic pot, in order to ensure the drying of the penetrating agent, the water removal treatment is carried out, the boronizing agent after being filled into the pot is put into a heating box for heating, and then the ceramic pot is covered and cooled along with the heating box. And when the temperature is cooled to room temperature, taking out the small tank, sealing the small tank by using the high-temperature-resistant sealant, and performing secondary glue supplement after 2-3 hours. Reuse of
The ceramic pot of the specification is sealed for the second time and sleeved outside the small pot to ensure the sealing performance in the boronizing process.
S3, heating and heat preservation: and (3) putting the ceramic pot filled with the sample into a muffle furnace, heating for 4 hours at 900 ℃, preserving heat for 5-6 hours, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out the workpiece to obtain the CoCrNi intermediate entropy alloy with good wear resistance and water lubricity.
Example 2
A method for enhancing the wear resistance and water lubrication performance of a medium-entropy alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, boronizing agent and sample preparation: a total of 50g of boronizing agent was prepared, as per SiC: b is4C：KFB4The preparation method comprises the following steps of proportioning in a mass ratio of 93:5:2, adding two kinds of ZrO2 pellets with different specifications, grinding and mixing on a ball mill, and fully and uniformly mixing. The sample specification is 10X 5mm CoCrNi bulk.
S2, canning and sealing: loading the mixed boronizing agent and the prepared sample into a specification
In the ceramic pot, in order to ensure the drying of the penetrating agent, the water removal treatment is carried out, the boronizing agent after being filled into the pot is put into a heating box for heating, and then the ceramic pot is covered and cooled along with the heating box. When the temperature is cooled to room temperature, the small can is taken out for high temperature resistanceSealing the sealant, and performing secondary sealant repair after 2-3 hours. Reuse of
The ceramic pot of the specification is sealed for the second time and sleeved outside the small pot to ensure the sealing performance in the boronizing process.
S3, heating and heat preservation: and (3) putting the ceramic pot filled with the sample into a muffle furnace, heating for 4 hours at 950 ℃, preserving heat for 5-6 hours, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out the workpiece to obtain the CoCrNi intermediate entropy alloy with good wear resistance and water lubricity.
Example 3
A method for enhancing the wear resistance and water lubrication performance of a medium-entropy alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, boronizing agent and sample preparation: a total of 50g of boronizing agent was prepared, as per SiC: b is4C：KFB4The mixture ratio is 93:5:2, two kinds of ZrO2 balls with different specifications are added, and grinding and mixing are carried out on a ball mill to ensure that the materials are fully and uniformly mixed. The sample specification is 10X 5mm CoCrNi bulk.
S2, canning and sealing: loading the mixed boronizing agent and the prepared sample into a specification
In the ceramic pot, in order to ensure the drying of the penetrating agent, the water removal treatment is carried out, the boronizing agent after being filled into the pot is put into a heating box for heating, and then the ceramic pot is covered and cooled along with the heating box. And when the temperature is cooled to room temperature, taking out the small tank, sealing the small tank by using the high-temperature-resistant sealant, and performing secondary glue supplement after 2-3 hours. Reuse of
The ceramic pot of the specification is sealed for the second time and sleeved outside the small pot to ensure the sealing performance in the boronizing process.
S3, heating and heat preservation: and (3) putting the ceramic pot filled with the sample into a muffle furnace, heating for 4 hours at 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 5-6 hours, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out the workpiece to obtain the CoCrNi intermediate entropy alloy with good wear resistance and water lubricity.
The boronizing agent in the above embodiment is prepared according to the volume ratio of step 1, and silicon carbide is used as a filler, so as to prevent sintering and adhesion of the boronizing agent to the workpiece, keep the boronizing agent loose, ensure that boron atoms can be smoothly diffused on the surface of the workpiece, and form a boronizing layer.
The wear resistance of the CoCrNi medium entropy alloy prepared by the above embodiments is tested: and (3) respectively carrying out friction experiments of dry friction and water lubrication on the sample workpiece subjected to boronization in each embodiment, and observing the change trend of the friction coefficient to reflect the change condition of the wear resistance.
Fig. 1 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of an entropy alloy in CoCrNi (T900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1000 ℃; T0, 4 h). From the analysis of fig. 1, it can be seen that CoCrNi is a single-phase FCC structure, the addition of B element causes the alloy to generate different phases, and the volume fraction of the resultant increases with the temperature.
FIG. 2 is a SEM microstructure structure diagram before and after boronization of an entropy alloy in CoCrNi. Wherein fig. 2a is a graph of the original microstructure of CoCrNi (T25 ℃, T0 h) without boriding; fig. 2bCoCrNi (T1000 ℃, T4 h) is a microstructure diagram of boriding 4 h;
as can be seen from FIG. 2a, the CoCrNi has uniform structure, regular edge structure and compact integral structure;
as can be seen from FIG. 2b, after the boronizing treatment, a boronized layer of about 50 μm was formed on the outer layer, and distinct delamination occurred in the middle, forming different boride structures. B atoms in the CoCrNi are gradually diffused from the outside to the inside through the phenomenon analysis of light and shade with different contrast degrees, and the EDS result of scanning element components with different depths is obtained, the B atoms and elements in the components are combined at different depths to generate CoB, NiB and CrB series products, and further the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the CoCrNi are improved.
FIG. 3 is a graph of hardness of an entropy alloy of CoCrNi (T900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1000 ℃; T0, 4 h). The initial non-boronized CoCrNi hardness is about 208.05HV, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the hardness of the medium entropy alloy is basically stable at 900 ℃, 950 ℃ and 1000 ℃ due to the addition of B element, and is improved to be about 900 HV.
FIG. 4 is a graph of dry friction, water lubrication friction coefficient curves and a comparison trend of wear rate after 30min of reciprocating friction of a CoCrNi (T900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1000 ℃, T0 and 4h) medium entropy alloy under the condition of 5N load and 3 Hz.
Fig. 4a shows the change of the friction coefficient without boriding, and it can be seen that the friction coefficient after water lubrication is significantly reduced compared with dry friction, which indicates that the water lubrication can achieve a certain antifriction effect.
From the friction experiment of boron penetration for 4h at 900 ℃ in FIG. 4b, the friction experiment of boron penetration for 4h at 950 ℃ in FIG. 4c, and the friction experiment of boron penetration for 4h at 1000 ℃ in FIG. 4d, it can be seen that the friction coefficients are all higher under the dry friction condition, and the friction coefficients are obviously reduced after water lubrication, which indicates that the water lubrication has good antifriction effect; and the comparison of the friction coefficient of boronization and the friction coefficient of non-boronization shows that the dry friction coefficient after boronization is reduced, which indicates that the boronization layer has better wear resistance.
From fig. 4e it can be seen that the addition of element B, at 5N load, the amount of wear for water lubrication is lower than the amount of wear for dry friction. 0.053mm of CoCrNi in which the wear volume of the alloy at dry friction is never infiltrated3Reduced to 0.044mm of CoCrNiB after boronization3The abrasion volume is reduced by 17%; abrasion volume under water lubrication condition is 0.038mm of CoCrNi when never seeping3Reduced to 0.035mm of CoCrNiB after boronization3The wear volume is reduced by 8 percent, which shows that the wear resistance of the entropy alloy in the CoCrNi is obviously improved by increasing the B element and adding water for lubrication.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A method for enhancing the wear resistance and the water lubrication performance of a medium-entropy alloy is characterized in that boron atoms are combined with Co, Cr and Ni elements through solid boronizing, and a lubricating protective film for improving the wear resistance and the water lubrication performance is formed on the surface of a material by a product, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a boronizing agent and preparing a CoCrNi block:
the preparation method of the boronizing agent comprises the following steps: according to the weight ratio of SiC: b is4C：KFB4Proportioning according to a mass ratio of 93:5:2, ball-milling, mixing, and fully mixing for later use;
s2, canning and sealing: putting the uniformly mixed boronizing agent and the CoCrNi block into a ceramic pot, putting the canned boronizing agent into a heating box for heating, and then covering the heating box to cool along with the heating box; when the temperature is cooled to room temperature, taking out the small tank, sealing the small tank by using high-temperature-resistant sealant, and performing secondary glue supplement after 2-3 hours; then a ceramic pot is sleeved outside the ceramic pot for secondary sealing;
s3, heating and heat preservation: and S2, heating the ceramic pot subjected to secondary sealing at 900-1000 ℃ for 4h, preserving heat for 5-6h, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain the CoCrNi intermediate entropy alloy with good wear resistance and water lubricity.
2. The method for enhancing the wear resistance and water lubrication of a medium entropy alloy of claim 1, wherein the CoCrNi bulk specification is 10 x 5mm, and the surface roughness is 1000.
3. The method for enhancing the wear resistance and water lubrication performance of the entropy-modified alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grain size of the SiC powder in S1 is 10-500 μm.
4. The method for enhancing the wear resistance and water-lubricating property of the entropy alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ball milling medium is ZrO with a specification of 6-8 mm during ball milling in the step S12And mixing the mixture of the small balls on a ball mill.
5. The method for enhancing the wear resistance and water lubrication performance of a medium entropy alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heating box in S2 is 100-200 ℃, and the heating time is 2-4 hours.
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| CN113512459A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-19 | 西北工业大学 | Ultra-low friction solid-liquid composition containing boronizing layer and method for reducing friction of workpiece by using ultra-low friction solid-liquid composition |
| CN113862059A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-31 | 西北工业大学 | Method for preparing high-temperature lubricant for steel forming by using blast furnace slag as raw material |
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Inventor after: Wu Hongxing Inventor after: Chen Ying Inventor after: Du Yin Inventor after: Hua Ke Inventor after: Wang Haifeng Inventor before: Wu Hongxing Inventor before: Wang Haifeng Inventor before: Chen Ying Inventor before: Du Yin |
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