Metal composition for high-strength welding
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a weld metal material, and more particularly, to a metal composition for welding and an alloy obtained from the metal composition.
Background
In the past half century, the fusion of laser technology, computer technology and new material technology has led to a new era of additive manufacturing (3D printing) technology. The additive manufacturing is a direct near-net forming technology without a mold, and is based on computer aided design/manufacturing, materials are solidified and clad layer by layer or stacked layer by layer and connected into an integral structure by block assembly welding, so that a personalized, customized and miniaturized production mode can be realized.
In terms of the physical concept of machining and manufacturing, welding is a typical example of additive manufacturing, and both a welding rod repair surfacing technology and a numerical control automatic welding technology and additive manufacturing based on a high-energy beam heat source belong to the field of generalized additive manufacturing. The technology basis for the rapid development of the additive manufacturing technology of metal components is the technical progress of taking high-energy beams (electron beams and laser beams) as special welding heat sources, the high-energy beams are very flexible, the energy can be accurately controlled, the high-energy beams are deeply fused with computer-aided design/manufacturing information technology, and metal wires or metal powder is filled into a focusing heating area or paved into the focusing heating area in a vacuum chamber or in an inert gas protection environment, so that the materials are melted and solidified and formed layer by layer.
The additive manufacturing essentially belongs to the field of material processing, commonly used additive manufacturing materials (consumables) comprise engineering plastics, rubber materials, photosensitive resin, metal, ceramic and the like, wherein the 3D printing technology of the metal materials is developed rapidly, and metal powder used in 3D printing generally requires high purity, good sphericity, narrow particle size distribution and low oxygen content. At present, the metal powder materials applied to 3D printing mainly include titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, stainless steel, aluminum alloy materials, and the like.
At present, the additive manufacturing of China already has some influential enterprises and brands in the fields of equipment, software and the like, but materials mainly depend on import, and the research and development of additive manufacturing materials with independent intellectual property rights have important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a metal material for welding and a composition of the metal material for welding.
In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a high strength metal composition for welding, in particular an additive manufacturing (3D printing) metal or alloy consumable composition.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-strength welding metal composition comprises, by weight, based on the total weight of the high-strength welding metal composition:
C:0.5-1.2%;
Si:0.05-0.6%;
Mn:0.1-0.6%;
p: less than or equal to 0.045 percent but not 0; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
s: less than or equal to 0.05 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
Cr:1-8%;
Mo:3-7%;
Co:3-8%;
V:1-5%;
W:2-10%;
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The metal composition for high strength welding according to the present invention more preferably includes, in terms of weight ratio, based on the total weight of the metal composition for high strength welding:
C:0.7-1.1%;
Si:0.1-0.5%;
Mn:0.15-0.45%;
p: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
s: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
Cr:2.5-6%;
Mo:4-6%;
Co:3.5-7%;
V:1.3-3.5%;
W:3.5-8%;
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The metal composition for high strength welding according to the present invention more preferably includes, in terms of weight ratio, based on the total weight of the metal composition for high strength welding:
C:0.85-0.95%;
Si:0.15-0.4%;
Mn:0.2-0.45%;
p: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
s: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
Cr:3.5-5%;
Mo:4.5-5.5%;
Co:4-6%;
V:1.5-3%;
W:5-7%;
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The metal composition for high strength welding according to the present invention more preferably includes, in terms of weight ratio, based on the total weight of the metal composition for high strength welding:
C:0.85-0.95%;
Si:0.15-0.4%;
Mn:0.2-0.45%;
p: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
s: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
Cr:3.5-4.5%;
Mo:4.5-5.5%;
Co:4.5-5%;
V:1.5-2.5%;
W:5-7%;
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The second aspect of the invention provides a high-strength welding alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the alloy:
C:0.5-1.2%;
Si:0.05-0.6%;
Mn:0.1-0.6%;
p: less than or equal to 0.045 percent but not 0; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
s: less than or equal to 0.05 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
Cr:1-8%;
Mo:3-7%;
Co:3-8%;
V:1-5%;
W:2-10%;
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the high-strength welding alloy of the present invention, the composition, based on the total weight of the high-strength welding alloy, more preferably includes, in terms of weight ratio:
C:0.7-1.1%;
Si:0.1-0.5%;
Mn:0.15-0.5%;
p: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
s: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
Cr:2.5-6%;
Mo:4-6%;
Co:3.5-7%;
V:1.3-3.5%;
W:3.5-8%;
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the high-strength welding alloy of the present invention, the composition, based on the total weight of the high-strength welding alloy, more preferably includes, in terms of weight ratio:
C:0.85-0.95%;
Si:0.15-0.4%;
Mn:0.2-0.45%;
p: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
s: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
Cr:3.5-5%;
Mo:4.5-5.5%;
Co:4-6%;
V:1.5-3%;
W:5-7%;
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the high-strength welding alloy of the present invention, the composition, based on the total weight of the high-strength welding alloy, more preferably includes, in terms of weight ratio:
C:0.85-0.95%;
Si:0.15-0.4%;
Mn:0.2-0.45%;
p: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
s: less than or equal to 0.03 percent but not 0 percent; preferably more than or equal to 0.0001%;
Cr:3.5-4.5%;
Mo:4.5-5.5%;
Co:4.5-5%;
V:1.5-2.5%;
W:5-7%;
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The high strength welding metal composition or alloy of the present invention preferably includes a powder. Preferably, the powder is entirely elemental powder, or at least comprises elemental powder.
In a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the elemental powder is preferably 50 to 250 mesh, more preferably 60 to 200 mesh.
More preferably, the elemental powder described herein may be present in such a manner that a part of the powder has a particle diameter outside the above mesh number range, but the powder weight ratio outside this range cannot exceed 10%.
In a preferred embodiment, the particle size of any two elemental powders may be the same or different.
The metal composition or alloy for high-strength welding of the present invention is preferably a welding wire. More preferably, the welding wire skin is iron, and other components are used as core materials and are wrapped by the skin. More preferably, the core material is the powder.
In the above-described metal composition or alloy for high-strength welding, the iron may be present in part in the core material or may be present in the skin.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a 3D printed product, including the steps of laying the high-strength metal composition for welding according to the first aspect on a substrate surface layer by layer, and sintering the high-strength metal composition for welding during or after laying each layer of the high-strength metal composition for welding.
In a preferred embodiment, in the method for manufacturing a 3D printed product, the high-strength metal composition for welding is laid on the surface of the substrate in the form of the welding wire.
Wherein the sintering may preferably be laser sintering.
The high-strength welding metal composition and the alloy prepared from the high-strength welding metal composition have high hardness, can be used for welding forged iron base materials, rolled steel materials and cast iron base materials, and can be particularly used as metal consumable materials for 3D printing (additive manufacturing).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-strength welding metal composition additive manufacturing apparatus.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a laser beam; 2. a metal composition for welding; 3. a molten pool; 4. and (5) a workpiece.
Detailed Description
The steel alloy for a welding material and the composition of the steel alloy according to the present invention will be described below by way of example with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
In this example, as shown in fig. 1, the metal composition for welding 2 was a welding wire, the skin was iron, and the remaining components were powder core materials. Uniformly spreading the metal composition 2 for welding on the surface of the base material 1, wherein an argon nozzle 5 with a tungsten electrode 6 is arranged above the base material, the argon nozzle 5 sprays argon 7, the tungsten electrode 6 forms an electric arc 1, the electric arc 1 heats a workpiece 4 into a molten pool 3 under the argon environment, and the metal composition 2 for welding is cladded and accumulated in the molten pool 3 to form a Hank joint 8, so that a formed part is manufactured.
The core material of the welding metal composition 2 includes C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Co, V, and W, and it is understood that inevitable impurities may be included in the welding metal composition 2. Specifically, the proportions of the respective components of the metal composition for welding 2 to the total weight of the metal composition for welding 2 are as follows:
C:0.85%;
Si:0.15%;
Mn:0.25%;
P:0.01%;
S:0.01%;
Cr:3.8%;
Mo:4.5%;
Co:4.5%;
V:1.5%;
W:5.5%;
the balance being Fe.
Example 2
In this example, as shown in fig. 1, the metal composition for welding 2 was a welding wire, the skin was iron, and the remaining components were powder core materials. Uniformly spreading the metal composition 2 for welding on the surface of the base material 1, wherein an argon nozzle 5 with a tungsten electrode 6 is arranged above the base material, the argon nozzle 5 sprays argon 7, the tungsten electrode 6 forms an electric arc 1, the electric arc 1 heats a workpiece 4 into a molten pool 3 under the argon environment, and the metal composition 2 for welding is cladded and accumulated in the molten pool 3 to form a Hank joint 8, so that a formed part is manufactured.
The core material of the welding metal composition 2 includes C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Co, V, and W, and it is understood that inevitable impurities may be included in the welding metal composition 2. Specifically, the proportions of the respective components of the metal composition for welding 2 to the total weight of the metal composition for welding 2 are as follows:
C:0.95%;
Si:0.4%;
Mn:0.35%;
P:0.01%;
S:0.01%;
Cr:4%;
Mo:5%;
Co:5%;
V:1.8%;
W:6%;
the balance being Fe.
Example 3
In this example, as shown in fig. 1, the metal composition for welding 2 was a welding wire, the skin was iron, and the remaining components were powder core materials. Uniformly spreading the metal composition 2 for welding on the surface of the base material 1, wherein an argon nozzle 5 with a tungsten electrode 6 is arranged above the base material, the argon nozzle 5 sprays argon 7, the tungsten electrode 6 forms an electric arc 1, the electric arc 1 heats a workpiece 4 into a molten pool 3 under the argon environment, and the metal composition 2 for welding is cladded and accumulated in the molten pool 3 to form a Hank joint 8, so that a formed part is manufactured.
The core material of the welding metal composition 2 includes C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Co, V, and W, and it is understood that inevitable impurities may be included in the welding metal composition 2. Specifically, the proportions of the respective components of the metal composition for welding 2 to the total weight of the metal composition for welding 2 are as follows:
C:0.85%;
Si:0.25%;
Mn:0.45%;
P:0.01%;
S:0.01%;
Cr:4.4%;
Mo:5.5%;
Co:5%;
V:2.1%;
W:6.5%;
the balance being Fe.
The steel alloy for the welding material according to the above embodiment of the present invention can be used for welding forged iron base materials, rolled steel materials, and cast iron base materials. The post-welding hardness in the non-tempered and pre-heated condition is shown in table 1, wherein the welding method employs a 3D printing (additive manufacturing) method with a thickness of 0.5mm per layer.
TABLE 1 results of the Performance test of the Steel alloys for welding materials
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Example 1
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Example 2
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Example 3
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HRC hardness (Single layer)
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50-55
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50-55
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50-55
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HRC hardness (two layers)
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55-60
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55-60
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55-60
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Surface smoothness
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Is substantially smooth
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Is substantially smooth
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Is substantially smooth |
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.