CN112921179A

CN112921179A - Recycling method and application of scraped car part aluminum alloy

Info

Publication number: CN112921179A
Application number: CN202110097286.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王顺成; 付亚城; 付海汉; 王辉
Original assignee: Foshan Chenhui Metal Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Foshan Chenhui Metal Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-25
Filing date: 2021-01-25
Publication date: 2021-06-08
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-25
Also published as: CN112921179B

Abstract

The invention relates to a recycling method and application of aluminum alloy of a scraped car part, belonging to the technical field of recycling economy. The method solves the problems of difficult adjustment and insufficient performance of the components of the aluminum alloy by disassembling, classifying, crushing, magnetic separation for removing iron, heating and melting the aluminum alloy components of the scrapped automobile, online detecting and adjusting the components, refining and modifying, refining for degassing and impurity removing, and obtains the cast aluminum alloy and the deformed aluminum alloy for the automobile components. The method realizes the recycling of the aluminum alloy of the scraped automobile parts, reduces the production cost of the aluminum alloy, saves precious metal resources, reduces the exploitation of mineral resources, and is beneficial to energy conservation, emission reduction and ecological environment protection.

Description

Recycling method and application of scraped car part aluminum alloy

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of circular economy, and particularly relates to a circular regeneration method and application of aluminum alloy of scraped car parts.

Background

China is a large country for automobile production and consumption, and according to the statistical data of the China automobile industry Association, the annual automobile output and sale quantity of China currently reaches more than 2500 million respectively, and the national automobile holding quantity reaches more than 2.6 hundred million. With the increase of the automobile keeping quantity in China, the number of scrapped automobiles per year is also increased sharply, and more than 1500 thousands of scrapped automobiles per year are scrapped nationwide at present.

The scrapped automobile is provided with a large number of aluminum alloy parts, such as wheels, an engine cylinder body, an engine cylinder cover, an engine piston, a gearbox shell, a clutch shell, a brake caliper, a steering knuckle and other cast aluminum alloy parts, and deformed aluminum alloy parts, such as a body frame, a body covering part, a front bumper, a rear bumper, a chassis front longitudinal beam, a chassis rear longitudinal beam, a battery tray, a motor shell, a skylight frame, a seat frame, a pedal and the like. Because the automobile industry has higher requirements on the quality and performance of aluminum alloy parts, the aluminum alloy for producing the parts is mainly prepared by taking electrolytic aluminum as a main material and adding metal elements such as silicon, magnesium, copper and the like in the smelting process.

As is well known, electrolytic aluminum belongs to the high energy consumption industry, and about 13500-degree electricity is needed for producing one ton of electrolytic aluminum, which is equivalent to consuming about 4 tons of standard coal. The electric power resource of China is mainly coal electricity, and the coal electricity production process needs to discharge a large amount of carbon dioxide, dust and solid waste, and the mining and smelting of metal ores such as bauxite, magnesium ore, copper ore and the like also need to consume a large amount of energy and discharge a large amount of dust and solid waste, so that the serious environmental pollution is caused.

Because the quantity of the aluminum alloy parts of the scraped automobiles is large, a large amount of iron and nonmetal inclusions are often mixed, great difficulty is brought to the recycling of the aluminum alloy of the scraped automobile parts, the composition and the performance of the recycled and regenerated aluminum alloy are difficult to meet the requirements of the automobile parts, and the recycled and regenerated aluminum alloy can only be degraded for use.

The method has the advantages that the scrapped automobile aluminum alloy parts are recycled to be the aluminum alloy for the automobile parts, the recycling of the scrapped automobile aluminum alloy parts is realized, a large amount of precious metal resources can be obviously saved, the development of metal mineral resources such as bauxite, magnesium ore, copper ore and the like and coal resources is reduced, and the method has very important significance for reducing energy consumption, protecting the ecological environment and reducing the production cost of the aluminum alloy for the automobile parts. Therefore, the existing recycling method for aluminum alloy of scrap automobile parts still needs to be improved and developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a recycling method and application of aluminum alloy for scrapped automobile parts.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following means:

the invention provides a recycling method of aluminum alloy of scraped car parts in a first aspect, which comprises the following steps:

(1) disassembling the aluminum alloy parts from the scrapped automobile, and classifying the aluminum alloy parts according to the cast aluminum alloy parts and the deformed aluminum alloy parts;

(2) crushing the classified cast aluminum alloy parts or deformed aluminum alloy parts into aluminum alloy fragments, and then carrying out magnetic separation and iron removal on the aluminum alloy fragments;

(3) heating and melting the aluminum alloy fragments subjected to iron removal in the step (2) into aluminum alloy liquid, and then carrying out online detection and adjustment on the components of the aluminum alloy liquid;

(4) adding a grain refiner, an eutectic silicon modifier and an iron-rich phase transformation agent to refine and modify the aluminum alloy liquid;

(5) inert gas and an aluminum alloy refining agent are adopted to carry out degassing and impurity removal treatment on aluminum alloy liquid powder injection refining; spraying a granular aluminum alloy refining agent into the aluminum alloy liquid by using inert gas as a carrier through a powder sprayer, so that the aluminum alloy refining agent is in full contact reaction with the aluminum alloy liquid, and then adsorbing and taking away gas and impurities in the aluminum alloy liquid to achieve the purposes of degassing, removing impurities and purifying;

(6) and standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal treatment, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into an aluminum alloy to obtain the cast aluminum alloy or the wrought aluminum alloy for the automobile parts.

Preferably, the cast aluminum alloy part in the step (1) refers to an aluminum alloy part formed by casting, and includes but is not limited to one or more of an engine cylinder, an engine cylinder cover, an engine piston, an air inlet pipe, a water pump body, a rocker arm, an oil pump, a transmission housing, wheels, a clutch housing, a brake caliper, a steering knuckle and a steering wheel; more preferably, the casting manner is selected from one or more of gravity casting, low-pressure casting, high-pressure die casting, extrusion casting, and lost foam casting.

Preferably, the wrought aluminum alloy part in the step (1) refers to an aluminum alloy part formed by plastic deformation, and includes, but is not limited to, one or more of a vehicle body frame, a vehicle body covering part, a front bumper, a rear bumper, a chassis front and rear longitudinal beam, a battery tray, a motor housing, a skylight frame, a seat frame and a pedal; more preferably, the plastic deformation means is selected from one or more of extrusion, rolling, forging and stamping.

The inventor of the invention analyzes and detects the automobile aluminum alloy parts, and finds that the existing automobile aluminum alloy parts mainly comprise two types, one type is cast aluminum alloy parts and comprises aluminum alloy parts formed by adopting casting modes such as gravity casting, low-pressure casting, high-pressure die casting, extrusion casting or lost foam casting, and the aluminum alloy of the parts is mainly silicon-containing aluminum-silicon alloy, because the aluminum-silicon alloy has better casting fluidity and meets the requirement of the casting and forming of the automobile parts; the other type is a wrought aluminum alloy part, which comprises an aluminum alloy part formed by plastic deformation modes such as extrusion, rolling, forging, stamping and the like, wherein the aluminum alloy of the part is mainly low-magnesium low-silicon aluminum magnesium silicon alloy, and the low-magnesium low-silicon aluminum magnesium silicon alloy has excellent plasticity and is suitable for forming by plastic deformation modes such as extrusion, rolling, forging, stamping and the like.

The aluminum alloy parts of scrapped automobiles are not classified in the prior art, but the disassembled aluminum alloy parts are directly heated and melted into aluminum alloy liquid, and because the aluminum alloys used for casting the parts are different from those used for deforming the parts, the method directly causes the composition of the aluminum alloy liquid to become very complex, and the composition of the aluminum alloy liquid is difficult to adjust, so that the aluminum alloy liquid does not accord with the requirements of casting aluminum alloy and deforming aluminum alloy, the obtained aluminum alloy can only be degraded for use, and the method is used for producing some aluminum alloy products with low added value.

The inventor of the invention discovers through research that in order to realize recycling of aluminum alloy of the scraped automobile parts, the scraped automobile aluminum alloy parts which are disassembled must be classified firstly, and the composition of aluminum alloy liquid can be really ensured only by dividing the aluminum alloy parts into cast aluminum alloy parts and deformed aluminum alloy parts, and finally the recycling of the aluminum alloy of the scraped automobile parts can be really realized.

It should be noted that the classification of disassembled scrapped automobile parts into cast aluminum alloy parts and wrought aluminum alloy parts is also easy to realize because the cast aluminum alloy parts and the wrought aluminum alloy parts are easily distinguished from the appearance, for example, the cast aluminum alloy parts are generally rough in surface and the wrought aluminum alloy parts are smooth in surface; in addition, the wrought aluminum alloy part is mainly formed by processing a pipe, a bar, a section bar and a plate, so that the shape of the wrought aluminum alloy part has the characteristic of obvious plastic deformation processing.

Preferably, the size of the aluminum alloy pieces in step (2) is less than 100 mm.

Preferably, the magnetic separation iron removal in the step (2) is selected from one or more of artificial adsorption of magnet or adsorption of a magnetic separator, so that iron impurities in the aluminum alloy fragments are effectively removed; the iron impurities include, but are not limited to, one or more of iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires.

Because iron impurities such as various iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like are usually and inevitably mixed in the disassembled scrapped automobile aluminum alloy parts, the content of impurity element iron in the aluminum alloy exceeds the standard due to the existence of the iron impurities, and the performance of the aluminum alloy is deteriorated. Therefore, in order to obtain a composition meeting the requirements of automobile parts for aluminum alloys and to improve the performance of aluminum alloys, iron impurities such as iron nails, iron nuggets, iron wires, and the like must be removed as much as possible before melting.

In order to remove the iron impurities, a crusher is firstly needed to crush massive and large automobile aluminum alloy parts, the iron impurities are separated from the aluminum alloy parts in the crushing process, and then the iron impurities are adsorbed and taken away in a magnetic separation iron removal mode. The smaller the size of the crushed aluminum alloy blocks is, the more beneficial to subsequent magnetic separation and iron removal is.

The magnetic separation iron removal mode can adopt the artificial adsorption mode of the magnet to remove iron, and can also adopt a magnetic separator to adsorb iron removal, so that the efficiency of the magnetic separator for adsorbing iron removal is higher, and the effect is better. Crushers and magnetic separators are sold in the market at present, and the use method is simple and mature, and is not described again.

Preferably, the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy pieces in the step (3) is 750-760 ℃.

Preferably, the step (3) adopts a regenerative gas aluminum melting furnace to heat the aluminum alloy fragments.

Preferably, in the step (3), the composition of the aluminum alloy liquid is detected on line by using a photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer.

Preferably, the adjusting in step (3) is to add a proper amount of pure aluminum to reduce the content of alloying elements in the aluminum alloy liquid or to add a proper amount of master alloy or pure metal to increase the content of alloying elements in the aluminum alloy liquid.

In order to reduce the energy consumption for melting the aluminum alloy fragments and reduce the production cost of the aluminum alloy, an energy-saving and environment-friendly aluminum melting furnace is selected for heating and melting the aluminum alloy fragments. The heating melting temperature of the aluminum alloy fragments cannot be too low, otherwise the melting speed is slow, the production efficiency is low, the temperature is not too high, and otherwise the oxidation loss of aluminum is easily caused.

Before the components of the aluminum alloy liquid are detected on line, the aluminum alloy liquid should be fully stirred to ensure that the components of the aluminum alloy liquid are uniform, and then sampling is carried out for inspection. The component inspection speed is higher and the efficiency is higher by adopting the photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer.

According to the online detection result of the components of the aluminum alloy liquid, if the content of certain alloy elements is too high, a proper amount of pure aluminum is added into the aluminum alloy liquid to dilute and reduce the content of the alloy elements in the aluminum alloy liquid after calculation. If the content of certain alloying elements in the aluminum alloy liquid is too low, the intermediate alloy or pure metal containing the corresponding alloying elements needs to be added after calculation to compensate and increase the content of the alloying elements in the aluminum alloy liquid until the composition of the aluminum alloy liquid reaches the expected composition of the aluminum alloy.

It should be noted that, in the prior art, the disassembled automobile aluminum alloy parts are not classified but directly heated and melted, and the components of the aluminum alloy liquid are very complex due to the large difference in the component compositions of the aluminum alloy parts of different types, so that the obtained aluminum alloy liquid does not meet the requirements of casting aluminum alloy and deforming aluminum alloy.

The invention classifies, crushes and magnetically separates the disassembled scrapped automobile parts according to the cast aluminum alloy parts and the deformed aluminum alloy parts to remove iron, then respectively heats and melts the parts into cast aluminum alloy liquid and deformed aluminum alloy liquid, and finally respectively prepares the cast aluminum alloy and the deformed aluminum alloy.

Preferably, the grain refining alterant in the step (4) is an Al5Ni1C alloy refiner; more preferably, the Al5Ni1C alloy refiner is added in an amount of 0.05-0.15 wt% based on the weight of the aluminum alloy melt.

Preferably, the eutectic silicon modifier in the step (4) is an Al10Ba alloy modifier; more preferably, the Al10Ba alloy modifier is added in an amount of 0.2-0.4% by weight of the aluminum alloy melt.

Preferably, the iron-rich phase modifier in the step (4) is an Al5B alloy modifier; more preferably, the Al5B alloy modifier is added in an amount of 0.1-0.3% by weight of the aluminum alloy melt.

The mechanical property of the aluminum alloy is closely related to the internal microstructure structure of the aluminum alloy, and the microstructure mainly comprises alpha-Al crystal grains, Fe-rich phases and eutectic Si with equal morphological size and distribution state. When the fine modification is not performed, the α — Al crystal grains in the aluminum alloy generally have coarse dendrites, and the Fe-rich phase and the eutectic Si phase generally have coarse needle-like shapes. The coarse dendritic alpha-Al grains and the coarse needle-like Fe-rich phase and eutectic Si phase all deteriorate the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy, including reducing the strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy. Therefore, in order to obtain a high-performance aluminum alloy, it is necessary to perform a refining and modification treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid.

In the prior art, an aluminum-titanium refiner is mainly added to refine alpha-Al grains, and strontium element is added to modify a eutectic Si phase, but no good method is provided for a Fe-rich phase. Because the aluminum alloy liquid prepared by adopting the aluminum alloy parts of the scraped cars usually contains transition group elements such as Mn, Cr and the like, and the transition group elements such as Mn, Cr and the like have poisoning effect on the grain refining effect of the aluminum titanium series refiner, the grain refining effect of the existing aluminum titanium series refiner on the aluminum alloy liquid prepared by adopting the aluminum alloy parts of the scraped cars is reduced, and alpha-Al grains can not be effectively refined. In the traditional method, the strontium element added in the modified eutectic Si phase has strong binding force with hydrogen, so that a large amount of hydrogen is absorbed by aluminum alloy liquid to generate pores, and the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy is finally reduced.

The inventor of the invention discovers through a great deal of experimental research that the Al5Ni1C alloy refiner has good anti-toxicity effect on transition group elements such as Mn, Cr and the like in aluminum alloy liquid, the Al5Ni1C alloy is obtained by mixing nickel powder and carbon powder and then reacting with pure aluminum liquid at high temperature, a great amount of fine NiC particles are contained in the alloy, the great amount of fine NiC particles can serve as heterogeneous nucleation cores of alpha-Al grains, and the alpha-Al grains of the aluminum alloy can be obviously refined by adding a trace amount of Al5Ni1C alloy refiner, so that coarse dendritic alpha-Al grains are converted into fine uniform equiaxial or spherical alpha-Al grains, and the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy is improved.

The inventor also finds that the Ba element has good modification effect on the eutectic Si phase in the aluminum alloy liquid, and the addition of trace Ba element can convert the coarse needle sheet eutectic Si phase into fine and uniform particles which are dispersed on an aluminum matrix, so that the damage of the strength and plasticity of the coarse needle sheet eutectic Si relative to the aluminum alloy is eliminated, and the problem of air holes generated by hydrogen absorption of the aluminum alloy liquid due to the addition of the Ba element is avoided.

Fe is an impurity element which cannot be completely avoided in aluminum alloy liquid smelted from aluminum alloy parts of scrapped automobiles, and usually exists in the aluminum alloy in the form of coarse acicular beta-Fe iron-rich phases, and the coarse acicular beta-Fe iron-rich phases are hard and brittle phases and can cut an aluminum matrix to become a crack source and a crack propagation direction for aluminum alloy fracture, so that the strength and the plasticity of the aluminum alloy are damaged. The research of the inventor finds that the addition of trace B element has good modification effect on the coarse acicular beta-Fe rich iron phase, during the solidification process of the aluminum alloy liquid, B atoms can be adsorbed at the growth front edge of the beta-Fe rich iron phase such as FeAl3, FeSiAl3 and the like, the acicular growth of the beta-Fe rich iron phase is inhibited, and finally the beta-Fe rich iron phase can be converted into fine uniform particles from the coarse acicular phase and is dispersed in an aluminum matrix, so that the harm of the coarse acicular beta-Fe rich iron phase to the strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy is eliminated, and the strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy are improved.

Preferably, the inert gas in step (5) is selected from one or more of nitrogen and argon; most preferably, the inert gas is selected from argon.

Preferably, the aluminum alloy refining agent in the step (5) includes C₂Cl₆，K₃AlF₆，CaCO₃，K₂SO₄，MgSO₄，KF，NaF，CaCl₂(ii) a More preferably, the aluminum alloy refining agent consists of the following components in percentage by mass: c₂Cl₆45.3%，K₃AlF₆ 14.1%，CaCO₃ 9.5%，K₂SO₄ 15.9%，MgSO₄4.1%，KF 2.3%，NaF 5.6%，CaCl₂3.2 percent; most preferably, the aluminum alloy refining agent is used in an amount of 0.3 to 0.5% by mass of the aluminum alloy liquid.

Preferably, the powder injection refining time in the step (5) is 20-30 minutes.

Reducing the content of pores and inclusions in the aluminum alloy is an important means for improving the performance of the aluminum alloy. In order to reduce the content of pores and inclusions in the aluminum alloy, degassing, impurity removing and purifying treatment is generally required before the aluminum alloy liquid is cast. Because a large amount of water, grease, paint, organic coatings and the like are often mixed in scrapped and recycled automobile aluminum alloy parts, the gas content and the inclusion content of aluminum alloy liquid are higher, and the refining, degassing, impurity removing and purifying treatment of the aluminum alloy liquid becomes more difficult.

Aiming at the problems of high liquid-gas impurity content and difficult degassing and impurity removal of aluminum alloy, the inventor discovers that the composition of the aluminum alloy refining agent has important influence on the refining degassing and impurity removal effects through research on the aluminum alloy refining agent, and the main composition of the aluminum alloy refining agent sold in the market at present is C₂Cl₆KF, NaF and CaCl₂And C is₂Cl₆The content of the refining agent is low, no fluoroaluminate, carbonate and sulfate are contained, or the content of the refining agent is low, the degassing and impurity removing effects of the refining agent are poor, and the refining agent is difficult to obtainObtaining the aluminum alloy liquid with high cleanliness. The inventor discovers through a large amount of experimental researches that the composition of the existing aluminum alloy refining agent is adjusted, partial chloride salt and fluoride salt are removed, the content of hexachloroethane is increased, potassium fluoroaluminate, calcium carbonate, potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate are added, the degassing and impurity removing effects of the refining agent can be obviously improved, and cleaner aluminum alloy liquid is obtained, so that the performance of the aluminum alloy is improved, because hexachloroethane, potassium fluoroaluminate, calcium carbonate, potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate can react with high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid to release more bubbles, so that more hydrogen ions and impurities can be adsorbed and carried, and on the premise of not increasing the using amount of the refining agent, the better refining degassing and impurity removing effects are achieved.

The inventor researches and discovers that the usage amount of the refining agent is too small, the refining time is too short, the ideal refining degassing and impurity removing effect can not be achieved, the usage amount of the refining agent is not too large, the production cost can be increased, the refining time can not be too long, and the transition oxidation of the aluminum alloy liquid can be caused, preferably, the usage amount of the refining agent accounts for 0.3-0.5% of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid, the refining time is 20-30 minutes, the degassing and impurity removing can be thoroughly carried out, the pure aluminum alloy liquid can be obtained, the influence of pores and inclusion defects on the performance of the aluminum alloy is eliminated, and the strength and the plasticity of the aluminum alloy are improved.

Preferably, the standing time in the step (6) is 40 to 60 minutes.

Preferably, the casting temperature in step (6) is 680-700 ℃.

And skimming dross on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid after refining, degassing and impurity removing treatment, and standing for a period of time to ensure that residual gas and impurities in the aluminum alloy liquid have enough time to float or settle so as to obtain pure aluminum alloy liquid. In addition, the aluminum alloy liquid with uniform and accurate temperature is obtained by standing and temperature adjustment. The standing time is not too long, the casting degree is not too high, and the air suction and oxidation of the aluminum alloy liquid are easily caused otherwise; the standing time is not too short, and the gas and the impurities do not have enough time to float or settle. In addition, the casting temperature should not be too low, which may deteriorate the fluidity of the aluminum alloy liquid, and may result in poor casting or incomplete molding.

The invention provides an aluminum alloy prepared according to the recycling method of the aluminum alloy for the scraped automobile parts.

Preferably, the aluminum alloy is selected from one or more of cast aluminum alloys, wrought aluminum alloys.

Preferably, the cast aluminum alloy consists of the following components: si, Mg, Cu, Mn, Fe, Cr, Zn, V, Co, Ba, B, Ni, C, Al.

Preferably, the cast aluminum alloy consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 8.29 to 8.94 percent of Si, 1.54 to 1.79 percent of Mg, 1.21 to 1.49 percent of Cu, 0.64 to 0.78 percent of Mn, 0.64 to 0.82 percent of Fe, 0.43 to 0.54 percent of Cr, 0.33 to 0.42 percent of Zn, 0.14 to 0.25 percent of V, 0.16 to 0.25 percent of Co, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of Ba, 0.005 to 0.015 percent of B, 0.0025 to 0.0075 percent of Ni, 0.0005 to 0.0015 percent of C, and the balance of Al.

Preferably, the wrought aluminum alloy consists of: mg, Si, Cu, Mn, Fe, Cr, Zn, V, Co, Ba, B, Ni, C, Al.

Preferably, the wrought aluminum alloy consists of the following components in percentage by mass: mg 1.02-1.49%, Si1.71-1.94%, Cu1.58-1.79%, Mn 0.45-0.55%, Fe 0.24-0.38%, Cr 0.35-0.49%, Zn 0.45-0.61%, V0.14-0.26%, Co 0.21-0.36%, Ba 0.02-0.04%, B0.005-0.015%, Ni 0.0025-0.0075%, C0.0005-0.0015%, and Al in balance.

The effects of the alloying elements in the cast and wrought aluminum alloys are further described below:

wherein Si element can form Mg with Mg element in aluminum alloy₂Si strengthening phase to improve the strength of the aluminum alloy, in addition, in the casting aluminum alloy, Si and Al can form Al + Si eutectic phase in the solidification process to improve the fluidity of the casting aluminum alloy, and when the eutectic Si is refined from thick needle sheet shape to fine particles and is distributed on an aluminum matrix, the cutting processing performance, the wear resistance and the heat resistance of the casting aluminum alloy can be improved.

Mg and Cu elements in the aluminum alloy can improve the strength of the aluminum alloy through solid solution strengthening, and Mg and Si can form Mg₂Si strengthening phase to improve the strength of the aluminum alloy, and Cu and Al can also form CuAl₂Strengthening phase and improving the strength of the aluminum alloy.

Mn element can form MnAl in the aluminum alloy₆The compound disperses particles to prevent the growth of recrystallized grains, refine the recrystallized grains and increase the recrystallization temperature. In addition, MnAl₆The compound can also dissolve part of Fe in the aluminum alloy to form (Mn, Fe) Al₆The compound reduces the partial harm of impurity element Fe.

Cr element can form (Cr, Fe) Al in aluminum alloy₇And (Cr, Mn) Al₁₂The intermetallic compounds hinder the nucleation and growth process of recrystallization, have certain strengthening effect on the aluminum alloy, can also improve the toughness of the aluminum alloy and reduce the stress corrosion cracking sensitivity of the aluminum alloy.

Zn element can form a strengthening phase MgZn with Mg in the aluminum alloy₂The aluminum alloy has obvious strengthening effect on the aluminum alloy, and the tensile strength and the yield strength of the aluminum alloy are increased.

V, Co element can form VAl in aluminum alloy₁₁And a CoAl refractory compound, which hinders the nucleation and growth process of recrystallization and has a certain strengthening effect on the aluminum alloy.

The trace Ba element has the function of refining the modified eutectic Si phase in the aluminum alloy, so that the coarse needle sheet eutectic Si phase is converted into fine and uniform particles and is dispersed on an aluminum substrate, the harm of the coarse needle sheet eutectic Si to the strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy is eliminated, and the problem of air holes generated by hydrogen absorption of the aluminum alloy liquid due to the addition of the Ba element is solved.

The trace B element has the function of refining and deteriorating a coarse acicular beta-Fe iron-rich phase in the aluminum alloy, so that the beta-Fe iron-rich phase is changed into fine uniform particles from the coarse acicular beta-Fe iron-rich phase and is dispersed and distributed in an aluminum matrix, the harm of the coarse acicular beta-Fe iron-rich phase to the strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy is eliminated, and the strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy are improved.

The Al5Ni1C alloy is obtained by mixing nickel powder and carbon powder and then reacting with pure aluminum liquid at high temperature, a large amount of fine NiC particles are contained in the Al5Ni1C alloy, the large amount of fine NiC particles can serve as heterogeneous nucleation cores of the alpha-Al grains, the alpha-Al grains of the aluminum alloy can be obviously refined by adding a trace Al5Ni 631C alloy refiner, and the coarse dendritic alpha-Al grains are converted into fine uniform equiaxial or spherical alpha-Al grains, so that the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy is improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the method realizes the recycling of the aluminum alloy of the scraped automobile parts, improves the use value of the scraped automobile aluminum alloy parts, saves a large amount of precious metal resources, reduces the consumption of electrolytic aluminum, reduces the exploitation of metal mineral resources such as bauxite, magnesium ore, copper ore and the like and coal resources, and is beneficial to reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution.

(2) According to the invention, by recycling the aluminum alloy of the scrapped automobile parts, the produced aluminum alloy for the automobile parts does not use electrolytic aluminum, and precious metal resources such as silicon, magnesium, copper and the like are not added, so that the production cost of the aluminum alloy for the automobile parts can be obviously reduced, and the market competitiveness of the aluminum alloy for the automobile parts is improved.

(3) The invention carries out refining modification treatment and refining degassing and impurity removal treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid, greatly improves the performance of the aluminum alloy, wherein the tensile strength of the cast aluminum alloy is more than 350MPa, the yield strength is more than 280MPa, the elongation is more than 8%, the tensile strength of the deformed aluminum alloy is more than 400MPa, the yield strength is more than 350MPa, the elongation is more than 15%, and the invention has the obvious advantages of high strength and good plasticity, is suitable for manufacturing various automobile aluminum alloy parts, reduces the weight of an automobile, and achieves the ideal effects of energy conservation and emission reduction.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the process of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a microstructure diagram of a cast aluminum alloy of example 1.

FIG. 3 is a microstructure diagram of a cast aluminum alloy of example 2.

FIG. 4 is a microstructure diagram of a cast aluminum alloy of comparative example 1.

FIG. 5 is a microstructure diagram of a cast aluminum alloy of comparative example 2.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

A recycling method of aluminum alloy of scraped car parts comprises the following steps:

(2) selecting an engine cylinder body, a water pump body, a rocker arm, a gearbox shell, wheels, a clutch shell and a steering knuckle in the cast aluminum alloy parts, crushing the aluminum alloy parts into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by using a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by using a magnetic separator;

(3) heating and melting the broken aluminum alloy blocks into aluminum alloy liquid at 755 ℃ by using a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace, and then carrying out online detection on the components of the aluminum alloy liquid by using a photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer;

(4) al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner accounting for 0.1 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid, Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier accounting for 0.3 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid and Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are added to refine and modify the aluminum alloy liquid;

(5) argon and an aluminum alloy refining agent accounting for 0.4 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are adopted to carry out degassing and impurity removal treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid for 25 minutes, wherein the aluminum alloy refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c₂Cl₆ 45.3%，K₃AlF₆14.1%，CaCO₃ 9.5%，K₂SO₄ 15.9%，MgSO₄ 4.1%，KF 2.3%，NaF 5.6%，CaCl₂ 3.2%；

(6) And standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal for 50 minutes, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into the aluminum alloy at 690 ℃ to obtain the cast aluminum alloy for the automobile parts.

Example 2

(1) disassembling the aluminum alloy parts from the scrapped automobile, and classifying the aluminum alloy parts according to cast aluminum alloy parts and deformed aluminum alloy parts;

(2) selecting an engine cylinder body, an engine cylinder cover, an engine piston, a rocker arm, a clutch shell and a steering wheel in the cast aluminum alloy parts, crushing the aluminum alloy parts into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by adopting a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by adopting a magnetic separator;

(3) heating and melting aluminum alloy fragments into aluminum alloy liquid at 750 ℃ by using a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace, and then carrying out online detection on the components of the aluminum alloy liquid by using a photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer;

(4) al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner accounting for 0.15 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid, Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier accounting for 0.4 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid and Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier accounting for 0.3 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are added to refine and modify the aluminum alloy liquid;

(5) argon and an aluminum alloy refining agent accounting for 0.5 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are adopted to carry out degassing and impurity removal treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid for 30 minutes, wherein the aluminum alloy refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c₂Cl₆ 45.3%，K₃AlF₆14.1%，CaCO₃ 9.5%，K₂SO₄ 15.9%，MgSO₄ 4.1%，KF 2.3%，NaF 5.6%，CaCl₂ 3.2%；

(6) And standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal for 60 minutes, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into cast aluminum alloy at 700 ℃ to obtain the cast aluminum alloy for the automobile parts.

Example 3

(2) selecting an engine piston, an air inlet pipe, a water pump body, a rocker arm, wheels, a clutch shell and brake calipers in the cast aluminum alloy parts, crushing the aluminum alloy parts into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by adopting a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by adopting a magnetic separator;

(3) heating and melting aluminum alloy fragments into aluminum alloy liquid at 760 ℃ by using a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace, and then carrying out online detection on the components of the aluminum alloy liquid by using a photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer;

(4) al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner accounting for 0.05 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid, Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid and Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier accounting for 0.1 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are added to refine and modify the aluminum alloy liquid;

(6) argon and an aluminum alloy refining agent accounting for 0.3 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are adopted to carry out degassing and impurity removal treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid for 20 minutes, wherein the aluminum alloy refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c₂Cl₆ 45.3%，K₃AlF₆14.1%，CaCO₃ 9.5%，K₂SO₄ 15.9%，MgSO₄ 4.1%，KF 2.3%，NaF 5.6%，CaCl₂ 3.2%；

(7) And standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal for 40 minutes, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into cast aluminum alloy at 680 ℃ to obtain the cast aluminum alloy for the automobile parts.

Example 4

(2) selecting an engine cylinder body, an engine cylinder cover, an engine piston, an air inlet pipe, a water pump body, a rocker arm, an oil pump, a gearbox shell, wheels, a clutch shell, brake calipers, a steering knuckle and a steering wheel in cast aluminum alloy parts, crushing the aluminum alloy parts into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by using a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by using a magnetic separator;

(3) heating and melting aluminum alloy fragments into aluminum alloy liquid at 758 ℃ by using a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace, and then carrying out online detection on the components of the aluminum alloy liquid by using a photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer;

(4) al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner accounting for 0.08 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid, Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier accounting for 0.25 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid and Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier accounting for 0.15 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are added to refine and modify the aluminum alloy liquid;

(5) argon and an aluminum alloy refining agent accounting for 0.35 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are adopted to carry out degassing and impurity removal treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid for 23 minutes, wherein the aluminum alloy refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c₂Cl₆ 45.3%，K₃AlF₆14.1%，CaCO₃ 9.5%，K₂SO₄ 15.9%，MgSO₄ 4.1%，KF 2.3%，NaF 5.6%，CaCl₂ 3.2%；

(6) And standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal for 45 minutes, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into a cast aluminum alloy at 685 ℃ to obtain the cast aluminum alloy for the automobile parts.

Example 5

(2) selecting an engine cylinder body, a rocker arm, an oil pump, a clutch housing, brake calipers, a steering knuckle and a steering wheel in the cast aluminum alloy parts, crushing the aluminum alloy parts into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by adopting a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by adopting a magnetic separator;

(3) heating and melting aluminum alloy fragments into aluminum alloy liquid at 752 ℃ by selecting a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace, and then carrying out online detection on the components of the aluminum alloy liquid by adopting a photoelectric direct-reading spectrometer;

(4) al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner accounting for 0.12 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid, Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier accounting for 0.35 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid and Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier accounting for 0.25 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are added to refine and modify the aluminum alloy liquid;

(5) argon and an aluminum alloy refining agent accounting for 0.45 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are adopted to carry out degassing and impurity removal treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid for 28 minutes, wherein the aluminum alloy refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c₂Cl₆ 45.3%，K₃AlF₆14.1%，CaCO₃ 9.5%，K₂SO₄ 15.9%，MgSO₄ 4.1%，KF 2.3%，NaF 5.6%，CaCl₂ 3.2%；

(6) And standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal for 55 minutes, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into cast aluminum alloy at 695 ℃ to obtain the cast aluminum alloy for the automobile parts.

Example 6

(2) selecting an engine cylinder cover, an engine piston, an air inlet pipe, a water pump body, a gearbox shell and wheels in the cast aluminum alloy parts, crushing the aluminum alloy parts into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by adopting a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by adopting a magnetic separator;

(4) al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner accounting for 0.14 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid, Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier accounting for 0.31 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid and Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier accounting for 0.28 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are added to refine and modify the aluminum alloy liquid;

(5) spraying powder on the aluminum alloy liquid by adopting argon and aluminum alloy refining agent accounting for 0.45 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquidAnd (3) refining for 28 minutes to carry out degassing and impurity removal treatment, wherein the aluminum alloy refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c₂Cl₆ 45.3%，K₃AlF₆14.1%，CaCO₃ 9.5%，K₂SO₄ 15.9%，MgSO₄ 4.1%，KF 2.3%，NaF 5.6%，CaCl₂ 3.2%；

Example 7

(2) selecting an engine cylinder body, an engine cylinder cover, an oil pump, a gearbox shell, a steering knuckle and a steering wheel in the cast aluminum alloy parts, crushing the aluminum alloy parts into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by adopting a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by adopting a magnetic separator;

(4) al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner accounting for 0.06% of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid, Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier accounting for 0.24% of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid and Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier accounting for 0.16% of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are added to refine and modify the aluminum alloy liquid;

(5) argon and an aluminum alloy refining agent accounting for 0.3 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are adopted to carry out degassing and impurity removal treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid for 20 minutes, wherein the aluminum alloy refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c₂Cl₆ 45.3%，K₃AlF₆14.1%，CaCO₃ 9.5%，K₂SO₄ 15.9%，MgSO₄ 4.1%，KF 2.3%，NaF 5.6%，CaCl₂ 3.2%；

(6) And standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal for 40 minutes, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into cast aluminum alloy at 680 ℃ to obtain the cast aluminum alloy for the automobile parts.

Example 8

(2) selecting a vehicle body frame, front and rear longitudinal beams of a chassis, a battery tray, a motor shell, a skylight frame, a seat frame and a pedal in a deformed aluminum alloy part, crushing the aluminum alloy part into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by using a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by using a magnetic separator;

(6) And standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal for 50 minutes, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into the aluminum alloy at 690 ℃ to obtain the wrought aluminum alloy for the automobile parts.

Example 9

(2) selecting a vehicle body covering part, a front bumper, a rear bumper, a battery tray, a motor shell and a skylight frame in a deformed aluminum alloy part, crushing the aluminum alloy part into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by using a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by using a magnetic separator;

(6) And standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal for 60 minutes, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into cast aluminum alloy at 700 ℃ to obtain the wrought aluminum alloy for the automobile parts.

Example 10

(2) selecting a vehicle body frame, a vehicle body covering part, a front bumper, a rear bumper, a chassis front longitudinal beam, a chassis rear longitudinal beam, a battery tray, a motor shell, a skylight frame, a seat frame and a pedal in the deformed aluminum alloy parts, crushing the aluminum alloy parts into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by adopting a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by adopting a magnetic separator;

Example 11

(2) selecting a vehicle body frame, front and rear longitudinal beams of a chassis, a battery tray, a motor shell, a skylight frame and a pedal in a deformed aluminum alloy part, crushing the aluminum alloy part into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by using a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by using a magnetic separator;

(6) And standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal for 45 minutes, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into a cast aluminum alloy at 685 ℃ to obtain the wrought aluminum alloy for the automobile parts.

Example 12

(2) selecting front and rear bumpers, chassis front and rear longitudinal beams, a battery tray, a motor shell, a skylight frame and a seat frame in a deformed aluminum alloy part, crushing the aluminum alloy part into aluminum alloy fragments with the size smaller than 100 mm by using a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by using a magnetic separator;

(5) argon gas is adopted for mixingAluminum alloy refining agent with 0.45 percent of aluminum alloy liquid weight is used for carrying out degassing and impurity removal treatment on aluminum alloy liquid powder spraying refining for 28 minutes, and the aluminum alloy refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c₂Cl₆ 45.3%，K₃AlF₆14.1%，CaCO₃ 9.5%，K₂SO₄ 15.9%，MgSO₄ 4.1%，KF 2.3%，NaF 5.6%，CaCl₂ 3.2%；

Example 13

(2) selecting a vehicle body frame, a vehicle body covering part, a front bumper, a rear bumper, a motor shell, a skylight frame, a seat frame and a pedal in a deformed aluminum alloy part, crushing the aluminum alloy part into aluminum alloy fragments with the size less than 100 millimeters by using a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by using a magnetic separator;

(6) argon and an aluminum alloy refining agent accounting for 0.45 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are adopted to carry out degassing and impurity removal treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid for 28 minutes, wherein the aluminum alloy refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c₂Cl₆ 45.3%，K₃AlF₆14.1%，CaCO₃ 9.5%，K₂SO₄ 15.9%，MgSO₄ 4.1%，KF 2.3%，NaF 5.6%，CaCl₂ 3.2%；

(7) And standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal for 55 minutes, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into cast aluminum alloy at 695 ℃ to obtain the wrought aluminum alloy for automobile parts.

Example 14

(2) selecting a vehicle body covering part, a front bumper, a rear bumper, a chassis front longitudinal beam, a chassis rear longitudinal beam, a battery tray, a seat frame and a pedal in a deformed aluminum alloy part, crushing the aluminum alloy part into aluminum alloy fragments with the size smaller than 100 mm by using a crusher, and removing iron impurities such as iron nails, iron blocks, iron wires and the like contained in the aluminum alloy fragments by using a magnetic separator;

(6) And standing the aluminum alloy liquid subjected to refining, degassing and impurity removal for 40 minutes, and then casting the aluminum alloy liquid into a casting aluminum alloy at 680 ℃ to obtain the wrought aluminum alloy for the automobile parts.

Comparative example 1

(4) al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner accounting for 0.1 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid is added to refine and modify the aluminum alloy liquid;

Comparative example 2

(4) al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier which accounts for 0.4 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid is added to carry out refinement and modification treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid;

Comparative example 3

(5) argon and an aluminum alloy refining agent accounting for 0.3 percent of the weight of the aluminum alloy liquid are adopted to carry out degassing and impurity removal treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid for 20 minutes, the aluminum alloy refining agent is a commercially available aluminum alloy refining agent, and the aluminum alloy refining agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c₂Cl₆ 15.8%，KF 20.6%，NaF 22.8%，CaCl₂ 13.7%，KCl 9.6%，NaCl 8.4%，CaF₂9.1%；

Verification example 1

The aluminum alloys of examples 1 to 14 were subjected to chemical composition analysis by ARL-4600 type photoelectric direct reading spectrometer, and Table 1 shows the results of measuring the compositions of the cast aluminum alloys of examples 1 to 7, and Table 2 shows the results of measuring the compositions of the wrought aluminum alloys of examples 8 to 14.

Table 1 composition of components (mass%,%) of cast aluminum alloys of examples 1 to 7

	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Practice ofExample 4	Example 5	Example 6	Example 7
								Si	8.32	8.29	8.94	8.45	8.65	8.47	8.81
Mg	1.58	1.68	1.71	1.79	1.54	1.65	1.75
								Cu	1.32	1.21	1.49	1.38	1.41	1.22	1.48
Mn	0.78	0.69	0.64	0.75	0.65	0.77	0.62
								Fe	0.69	0.64	0.72	0.79	0.82	0.81	0.76
Cr	0.43	0.47	0.46	0.51	0.54	0.49	0.51
								Zn	0.35	0.36	0.41	0.35	0.39	0.42	0.33
V	0.15	0.16	0.21	0.23	0.18	0.14	0.25
								Co	0.21	0.25	0.23	0.19	0.18	0.22	0.16
Ba	0.03	0.04	0.02	0.025	0.035	0.031	0.024
								B	0.01	0.015	0.005	0.0075	0.0125	0.014	0.008
Ni	0.005	0.0075	0.0025	0.004	0.006	0.007	0.003
								C	0.001	0.0015	0.0005	0.0008	0.0012	0.0014	0.0006
Al	Balance of	Balance of	Balance of	Balance of	Balance of	Balance of	Balance of

TABLE 2 compositional proportions (in mass%)

	Example 8	Example 9	Example 10	Example 11	Example 12	Example 13	Example 14
								Mg	1.02	1.32	1.41	1.38	1.21	1.49	1.17
Si	1.71	1.85	1.91	1.75	1.94	1.82	1.96
								Cu	1.58	1.64	1.71	1.79	1.64	1.59	1.77
Mn	0.45	0.52	0.49	0.46	0.55	0.48	0.48
								Fe	0.25	0.36	0.24	0.29	0.38	0.26	0.31
Cr	0.35	0.39	0.41	0.46	0.37	0.45	0.49
								Zn	0.51	0.49	0.45	0.61	0.57	0.46	0.46
V	0.18	0.19	0.21	0.14	0.23	0.26	0.15
								Co	0.36	0.24	0.28	0.34	0.26	0.31	0.21
Ba	0.03	0.04	0.02	0.025	0.035	0.031	0.024
								B	0.01	0.015	0.005	0.0075	0.0125	0.014	0.008
Ni	0.005	0.0075	0.0025	0.004	0.006	0.007	0.003
								C	0.001	0.0015	0.0005	0.0008	0.0012	0.0014	0.0006
Al	Balance of	Balance of	Balance of	Balance of	Balance of	Balance of	Balance of

As can be seen from table 1, the cast aluminum alloy obtained by the present invention is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 8.29 to 8.94 percent of Si, 1.54 to 1.79 percent of Mg, 1.21 to 1.49 percent of Cu, 0.64 to 0.78 percent of Mn, 0.64 to 0.82 percent of Fe, 0.43 to 0.54 percent of Cr, 0.33 to 0.42 percent of Zn, 0.14 to 0.25 percent of V, 0.16 to 0.25 percent of Co, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of Ba, 0.005 to 0.015 percent of B, 0.0025 to 0.0075 percent of Ni, 0.0005 to 0.0015 percent of C, and the balance of Al.

As can be seen from table 2, the wrought aluminum alloy obtained by the present invention consists of the following components in mass percent: mg 1.02-1.49%, Si1.71-1.94%, Cu1.58-1.79%, Mn 0.45-0.55%, Fe 0.24-0.38%, Cr 0.35-0.49%, Zn 0.45-0.61%, V0.14-0.26%, Co 0.21-0.36%, Ba 0.02-0.04%, B0.005-0.015%, Ni 0.0025-0.0075%, C0.0005-0.0015%, and Al in balance.

Verification example 2

The cast aluminum alloys of example 1, example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were sampled, and after the samples were ground, polished and corroded, the samples were observed on a LEIK-DMI3000M type optical microscope for microstructure, fig. 2 is a microstructure diagram of the cast aluminum alloy of example 1, fig. 3 is a microstructure diagram of the cast aluminum alloy of example 2, fig. 4 is a microstructure diagram of the cast aluminum alloy of comparative example 1, and fig. 5 is a microstructure diagram of the cast aluminum alloy of comparative example 2.

As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, since the Al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner, the Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier and the Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier were added to the aluminum alloy liquid in examples 1 and 2 to refine the modification, the α -Al grains, the eutectic Si phase and the Fe-rich phase were all refined, and coarse dendritic α -Al grains, coarse needle-like eutectic Si phase and Fe-rich phase were not observed.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, in comparative example 1, since the Al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner was added to refine and modify the aluminum alloy liquid, and the Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier and the Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier were not added, although the alpha-Al grains were refined, the eutectic Si phase and the Fe-rich phase still had a coarse needle-like shape.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, in comparative example 2, since the Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier is added to refine the aluminum alloy liquid, and the Al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner and the Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier are not added, although the eutectic Si phase is refined, the alpha-Al grains are still coarse and dendritic, and the Fe-rich phase is still coarse and needle-like.

Verification example 3

Samples were taken from the aluminum alloys of examples and comparative examples according to the national standard GB/T16865-2013 and processed into standard tensile test specimens, room-temperature tensile testing was carried out on a DNS200 type electronic tensile tester at a tensile speed of 2 mm/min, and the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation after fracture of the aluminum alloys were measured, with the test results of the cast aluminum alloys of examples 1-7 shown in Table 3, the test results of the wrought aluminum alloys of examples 8-14 shown in Table 4, and the test results of the cast aluminum alloys of comparative examples 1-3 shown in Table 5.

TABLE 3 tensile mechanical Properties at Room temperature for the cast aluminum alloys of examples 1-7

	Tensile strength/MPa	Yield strength/MPa	Elongation/percent
				Example 1	384.62	312.94	8.56
Example 2	354.96	284.55	10.32
				Example 3	379.38	306.61	8.95
Example 4	381.57	319.51	8.71
				Example 5	371.91	305.16	8.99
Example 6	366.84	293.64	9.56
				Example 7	391.51	315.26	8.43

TABLE 4 tensile mechanical properties at room temperature for wrought aluminum alloys of examples 8-14

	Tensile strength/MPa	Yield strength/MPa	Elongation/percent
				Example 1	446.84	390.23	15.65
Example 2	408.55	361.46	16.94
				Example 3	427.35	368.22	15.79
Example 4	431.61	374.51	15.69
				Example 5	429.27	369.29	16.81
Example 6	413.81	354.67	17.41
				Example 7	441.46	389.71	15.59

TABLE 5 tensile mechanical Properties at Room temperature for comparative examples 1-3 cast aluminum alloys

	Tensile strength/MPa	Yield strength/MPa	Elongation percentage/%
				Comparative example 1	335.64	276.34	5.95
Comparative example 2	314.68	247.18	7.21
				Comparative example 3	356.71	281.91	6.19

As can be seen from Table 3, the cast aluminum alloys of examples 1-7 of the present invention have tensile strengths greater than 350MPa, yield strengths greater than 280MPa, and elongations greater than 8%. As can be seen from Table 4, the wrought aluminum alloys of examples 8-14 of the present invention have tensile strengths greater than 400MPa, yield strengths greater than 350MPa, and elongations greater than 15%.

As can be seen from Table 5, the cast aluminum alloy of comparative example 1 and the cast aluminum alloy of example 1 are prepared by the same process, but the aluminum alloy liquid of comparative example 1 is subjected to refining modification treatment by only adding the Al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner, and the aluminum alloy liquid is subjected to refining modification treatment by not adding the Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier and the Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier, so that the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the cast aluminum alloy of comparative example 1 are obviously lower than those of the cast aluminum alloy of example 1. The preparation process of the cast aluminum alloy of the comparative example 2 is the same as that of the cast aluminum alloy of the example 2, but the aluminum alloy liquid is subjected to refining modification treatment by only adding the Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier in the comparative example 2, and the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the cast aluminum alloy of the comparative example 2 are obviously lower than those of the cast aluminum alloy of the example 2 because the Al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner and the Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier are not added, so that the invention proves that the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the aluminum alloy can be obviously improved by adding the Al5Ni1C alloy grain refiner, the Al10Ba alloy eutectic silicon modifier and the Al5B alloy iron-rich phase modifier to carry out refining modification treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid.

It can be seen from table 5 that the preparation process of the cast aluminum alloy of comparative example 3 is the same as that of the cast aluminum alloy of example 3, but the comparative example 3 is that powder spraying refining degassing impurity removal is carried out on aluminum alloy liquid by using a traditional commercially available aluminum alloy refining agent, so that the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the cast aluminum alloy of comparative example 3 are all obviously lower than those of the cast aluminum alloy of example 3.

The above detailed description section specifically describes the analysis method according to the present invention. It should be noted that the above description is only for the purpose of helping those skilled in the art better understand the method and idea of the present invention, and not for the limitation of the related contents. The present invention may be appropriately adjusted or modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the adjustment and modification also fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A recycling method of aluminum alloy of scraped car parts is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The recycling method of aluminum alloy for scrap automobile parts according to claim 1, wherein the cast aluminum alloy parts in step (1) are aluminum alloy parts formed by casting, and the casting is selected from one or more of gravity casting, low-pressure casting, high-pressure die casting, extrusion casting and lost foam casting.

3. The recycling method of aluminum alloy for parts and components of scrapped automobiles according to claim 1, wherein the wrought aluminum alloy parts in the step (1) are formed by plastic deformation selected from one or more of extrusion, rolling, forging and stamping.

4. The recycling method for aluminum alloy of scraped car parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnetic separation iron removal in step (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of artificial adsorption of magnet or magnetic separator adsorption to remove iron impurities in aluminum alloy fragments, wherein the iron impurities include but are not limited to one or more of iron nails, iron blocks and iron wires.

5. The recycling method of aluminum alloy for scrapped automobile parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the aluminum alloy pieces are heated by a heat accumulating type gas aluminum melting furnace at 750-760 ℃.

6. The recycling method of aluminum alloy for parts of scraped cars as recited in claim 1, wherein in step (4) said grain refining modifier is Al5Ni1C alloy, said eutectic silicon modifier is Al10Ba alloy, and said iron-rich phase modifier is Al5B alloy.

7. The recycling method for aluminum alloy of scraped car parts according to claim 1, characterized in that the inert gas in step (5) is selected from one or more of nitrogen and argon.

8. The recycling method of aluminum alloy for scrap automobile parts according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the aluminum alloy refining agent in the step (5) comprises C₂Cl₆，K₃AlF₆，CaCO₃，K₂SO₄，MgSO₄，KF，NaF，CaCl₂。

9. The aluminum alloy obtained by the recycling method of the aluminum alloy for parts of scraped cars according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The aluminum alloy of claim 9, wherein the aluminum alloy is selected from one or more of a cast aluminum alloy, a wrought aluminum alloy.